nÃo hà / Objeto de estudo desta pesquisa à o Ensino Religioso [ER] e a formaÃÃo de seus docentes no Brasil e na Alemanha. Objetivou-se avaliar o Ensino Religioso interreligioso e a formaÃÃo dos seus docentes no Brasil e comparÃ-lo com a concepÃÃo da aprendizagem interreligiosa no ER alemÃo. O trabalho estrutura-se conforme o tripà metodolÃgico do ver-julgarâagir ao que corresponde as trÃs partes principais com dois capÃtulos cada qual, seguindo o mÃtodo hermenÃutico. Na primeira parte avaliam-se os contextos sÃcio-cultural, jurÃdico e epistemolÃgico do ER no Brasil. Adota-se um conceito de pÃsmodernidade positivo, nÃo como âdepois da modernidadeâ ou atà âanti-modernidadeâ. No sentido de uma crÃtica radicalizada à racionalidade moderna pressupÃe-se uma continuidade dialÃtica entre modernidade e pÃsmodernidade. A avaliaÃÃo do contexto epistemolÃgico do ER leva à conclusÃo de que um ER baseado nas CiÃncias da ReligiÃo com suas pretensÃes de neutralidade cientÃfica insere-se numa postura moderna e nÃo parece apto para preparar os alunos para uma leitura adequada do fenÃmeno religioso pÃs-moderno. Opta-se, portanto, por um novo ER aqui denominado de âinterteolÃgicoâ, contudo, essencialmente interreligioso e interdisciplinar. Para sua realizaÃÃo sugere-se a formaÃÃo de um colegiado constituÃdo por membros de diversas tradiÃÃes religiosas e representantes de diversas disciplinas das CiÃncias da ReligiÃo. A segunda parte do trabalho avalia a formaÃÃo dos docentes de ER em Fortaleza comparando-o com a concepÃÃo da aprendizagem interreligiosa na Alemanha. Conclui-se que a formaÃÃo dos docentes de Ensino Religioso em Fortaleza corresponde Ãs exigÃncias de uma boa formaÃÃo de professores em geral, mas com lacunas no que diz respeito aos aspectos da interreligiosidade e interdisciplinaridade. Em consequÃncia dessa constataÃÃo elabora-se, na terceira parte do trabalho, uma base teÃrica e matriz curricular de formaÃÃo dos docentes de ER que assume decididamente os insights da pÃsmodernidade, inspirando-se nas metÃforas da rede de conhecimento, do rizoma, da espiral, do jogo e do sistema aberto. Resultado à uma matriz curricular em forma de rede que contorna a proposta inicial de um ER interteolÃgico, interreligioso e interdisciplinar organizado mediante colegiado de docentes constituÃdo por membros das diversas tradiÃÃes religiosas e CiÃncias da ReligiÃo presentes e vigentes no cenÃrio plurireligioso brasileiro. / Object of this research is the Religious Education [RE] and formation of teachers in Brazil and Germany. It was aimed to evaluate the inter-religious education and formation for their teachers in Brazil and to compare it with the conception of inter-religious learning in German RE. Following hermeneutic methodology, this thesis is structured according to triple-step-method (see-judge-act). To that corresponds the three main parts each one having two chapters. In the first part the socio-cultural, legal and epistemological context of RE in Brazil are analyzed. Therefore a positive concept of postmodernity is adopted, not as âafter modernityâ or even âanti-modernityâ. In the mean of a radicalized critique towards modern rationality a continuing dialectic between modernity and post modernity is assumed. The analysis of the epistemological context of RE leads to the conclusion that RE based on Religious Sciences with its claims of scientific neutrality is inserted in a modern concept and does not seem able to prepare students for an appropriate reading of the postmodern religious phenomenon. Therefore decision was taken for a new RE designated here as âintertheologicalâ, however, essentially inter-religious and inter-disciplinary. In order to his realization the formation of a colleague council composed of members of different religious traditions and representatives of various disciplines in Religious Sciences is suggested. The second part of the study evaluates the formation of RE teachers in Fortaleza comparing it with the conception of inter-religious learning in Germany. It is concluded that the formation of RE teachers in Fortaleza meets the requirements of a good formation of teachers in general, but with gaps in relation to the aspects of inter-religious and inter-disciplinary education. In consequence of this ascertainment a theoretical basis as well as a curricular mold for the formation of RE teachers that assumes decidedly the insights of postmodernity, drawing on metaphors of network knowledge, of rhizome, of spiral, of game and of open system is drawn up in the third part of that thesis. The result is a curricular model in form of a network that bypasses the initial proposal for an inter-theological, inter-religious and inter-disciplinary RE. Such RE has to be organized by a colleague council composed of members of different religious traditions and Religious Sciences as they are being present and influential in multireligious Brazilian scenarios.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:47:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marco Aurelio Navarro.pdf: 1414842 bytes, checksum: df1b997433aa9b64938c0157a520b15a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-13 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The Brazilian Indigenous Literature can be understood as an attempt at self realization in the face of centuries of colonization which left in the mind of the western society stereotypes which have disqualified the native culture. As a tool of resistance, the Indigenous Literature has been able to give visibility to minor ethnical groups in a national scope, thanks to the weariless work of indigenous authors who have fought for not letting their legends and myths become just folklore or something belonging to a distant past in the Brazilian History. Among them, Daniel Munduruku stands out as a significant leadership in this political and literary movement which developed at the end of the 20th century. His effort is to show readers the richness and wisdom of the indigenous culture in Brazil, so as they can better understand its importance for the ethnic formation of the country. Daniel Munduruku culturally hybrid goes from the village to the city, from the sacred to the profane, recognizes himself locally, however, does not deny the urgency to live with the Global Village, markedly technological and capitalist. Thus, this current work intends to present him as author with a postmodern identity, whose works mix various discursive genres, which makes them literally hybrid. For this, we have selected narratives which deal with recurring themes, like the ancestral memory (myths and legends), the personal memory, the indigenous religiosity and some works which show his critical posture in the face of postmodern times. / A Literatura Indígena brasileira pode ser entendida como um esforço de autoafirmação diante de séculos de colonização que deixaram no imaginário da sociedade ocidental estereótipos que desqualificaram a cultura nativa. Como instrumento de resistência, a Literatura Indígena tem conseguido dar visibilidade às minorias étnicas no âmbito nacional, graças ao trabalho incansável de autores indígenas que lutam para que suas lendas e mitos não sejam apenas folclore ou algo pertencente a um passado distante da História brasileira. Dentre eles, destaca-se Daniel Munduruku como uma liderança representativa nesse movimento político e literário que se desenvolveu a partir do final do século XX. Seu esforço é o de mostrar aos leitores a riqueza e a sabedoria da cultura indígena no Brasil, para que possam compreender melhor a sua importância para a formação do país. Daniel Munduruku culturalmente híbrido - transita entre a aldeia e a cidade, entre o sagrado e o profano, reconhece-se no local, mas sem negar a urgência de conviver com a Aldeia Global, marcadamente tecnológica e capitalista. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho pretende apresentá-lo como um autor de identidade pós-moderna, cuja obra mescla variados gêneros discursivos, o que a torna literariamente híbrida. Para tal, reunimos narrativas que tratam de temas recorrentes em sua obra, como a memória ancestral (os mitos e as lendas), a memória pessoal, a religiosidade indígena e algumas obras que mostram a sua postura crítica diante dos tempos pós-modernos.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:48:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jouberto Heringer da Silva.pdf: 880174 bytes, checksum: 8db5f30d6bd6e6a7982151bd94fd5f90 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-05 / This work shows that the allegorical hermeneutics underwent a paradigm shift in philosophical postmodern, and it brought influences in the development of faith and their setting. Since the history of interpretation as a thread through the literature search is described as allegorical hermeneutics evolved and remained relevant. The philosophical paradigm shift that led to the emergence of postmodern discourse is explained and demonstrated through dialogue of literature. In order to substantiate this hypothesis, based on studies, speeches, and publications of notably neo- Pentecostal churches reveals their use of allegorical hermeneutics from a worldview grounded in postmodern postulates with existential worldviews. It is concluded that the application of the primal allegorical hermeneutics, that shaped the discourse of Christianity, sometimes single, sometimes shared, but always referenced the existence of a fact, gave rise to a fluid hermeneutics, blurred the text to the reader-listener, generating a new way of experiencing the sermon in society, and the changing relationship with the world. / Este trabalho mostra que a hermenêutica alegórica sofreu uma mudança de paradigma filosófico na pós-modernidade, e que esta trouxe influencia na elaboração da fé e sua vivencia. Tendo a história da interpretação como fio condutor, através da pesquisa bibliográfica é descrito como a hermenêutica alegórica evoluiu e manteve-se relevante. A mudança do paradigma filosófico que possibilitou a eclosão do discurso pós-moderno é explicada e evidenciada através do diálogo literário. Com o objetivo de evidenciar esta hipótese, partir de estudos, discursos, e publicações de igrejas notadamente Neopentecostais, revela o uso que fazem da hermenêutica alegórica partir de uma cosmovisão embasada em postulados pós- modernos com concepções existenciais de mundo. Conclui-se que a aplicação da primeva hermenêutica alegórica, que moldou o discurso da cristandade, ora única, ora compartida, mas sempre referenciada na existência de uma verdade, deu lugar a uma hermenêutica fluida, desfocada do texto para o leitor-ouvinte, gerando uma nova forma de vivencia da prédica na sociedade, e alterando a relação com o mundo.

O presente trabalho apresenta o comportamento consumidor como uma das manifestações contemporâneas da religiosidade, e procura demonstrar como algumas marcas possuem características semelhantes às religiões ao proporcionarem aos seus consumidores sentido existencial. A pesquisa parte de uma breve descrição da capacidade simbólica dos seres humanos, como fonte das idéias e comportamentos religiosos, e responsável pela universalidade de tal fenômeno. Em seguida, o processo de secularização da sociedade judaico-cristã ocidental é apresentado como resultando entre outras conseqüências, em uma crise de plausabilidade das instituições religiosas e das explicações de ordem religiosas do universo, que caíram em descrédito, gerando o que Weber (1919) chamou de desencantamento do mundo. Se por um lado, com os grandes avanços científicos, as revoluções democráticas e o desenvolvimento industrial e econômico do mundo, entre os séculos 16 e 19, as perspectivas quanto aos avanços da sociedade eram as melhores possíveis, a chegada do século 20 não confirmou as expectativas. Pelo contrário, eventos como as duas grandes guerras, as crises econômicas e o surgimento de regimes ditatoriais totalitários, levaram o ser humano a perceber que, tal qual a religião, a ciência não dera conta de explicar e transformar o mundo e a sociedade. Assim, a contemporaneidade vivencia um resgate da religiosidade, uma espécie de reencantamento do mundo, que assume diferentes formas e conteúdos a partir da última fase da modernidade. O comportamento consumidor torna-se uma das manifestações contemporâneas da religiosidade, a relação com as marcas adquiri características semelhantes a da relação dos indivíduos com as religiões ao proporcionarem aos seus consumidores sentido existencial. Este fenômeno é exemplificado através do estudo de duas marcas, a Apple Computers, e o Sport Club Corinthians Paulista. A primeira parte da análise consistiu em uma identificação de conteúdos religiosos na estrutura, história e relação dos adeptos com as marcas, dentro do modelo de fenômeno religioso criado para este fim. Depois disso, para cada marca foram analisadas três entrevistas com adeptos das mesmas, e em seguida, feita uma análise de cada entrevista individualmente, que identificou características religiosas nas mesmas. Por fim, estas características identificadas e enfatizadas no discurso dos adeptos, foram analisadas à luz da noção de busca de sentido de Viktor Frankl / This paper presents the consumer behavior as a contemporary manifestation of religiouness, and seeks to demonstrate how some brands have similar characteristics to the religions, and provide existencial meaning to their consumers. The research starts with a brief description of the symbolic capacity of human beings as a source of religious ideas and behavior, being responsible for the universality of this phenomenon. Then, the process of secularization of the Judeo-Christian Western society is presented as resulting, among other consequences, in a plausibility crisis of the religious institutions and religious explanations for the universe. This situation brought forth what Weber (1919) called the disenchantment of the world. On the other hand the great scientific advances, as well as the democratic revolutions and the industrial and economic development of the world between the 16th and 19th centuries created the expectation that the advances of society were the best possible, but the arrival of the 20th century did not confirm the expectations, however, events such as the two world wars, economic crises and the rise of totalitarian dictatorships, led human beings to realize that, like religion, science would not be able to explain and transform the world and the society. Thus, the contemporary experiences a rescue of religiousness, a kind of re-enchantment of the world, which assumes different forms and contents from the last phase of modernity. The consumer behavior becomes a contemporary manifestations of religiosity and the relationship with the brands acquired characteristics similar to the relationship between individuals and religions, providing to their consumers existential meaning. This phenomenon is exemplified through the study of two brands, Apple Computers, and Sport Club Corinthians Paulista. The first part of the analysis consisted of a religious content identification in the structure and history of the brands.Thereafter, for each brand were analyzed three interviews with supporters of the same, and then an analysis of each individual interview, which identified the same religious characteristics. Finally, these features identified and emphasized in the speech of supporters, were analyzed under the light of Viktor Frankls search for meaning theory

La réalité que recouvre la notion d’œuvre d'art est complexe et plurielle. Maintes fois remise en question, on lui préfère fréquemment aujourd'hui les termes de "production", "travail", "pièce", "situation". Néanmoins, et malgré les transformations de l'art à l'heure actuelle, peut-on se passer de l’œuvre sans que cet abandon ne relève d'un "extrême artifice"? Nous proposons de l'analyser sous l'angle d'une précarité à la fois intrinsèque et conjoncturelle. L’œuvre est précaire, d'une part, parce qu'elle est un objet de pensée voué à la critique et à la réflexivité depuis son apparition à la Renaissance et sa réception esthétique au dix-huitième siècle. D'autre part, parce qu'elle s'expose aux risques et aux transformations liés aux évolutions de la modernité et de la postmodernité. Une autre forme de précarité, propre à la société contemporaine dans ses fondements capitalistes et technologiques, est interrogée notamment au travers de la production de trois artistes - Pierre Huyghe, Ryan Trecartin et Camille Henrot - dont les œuvres consistent davantage en des champs de relations aux variations multiples qu'en des objets. Quel type d'expérience accompagne la traversée, contingente et fugitive, latérale et fragmentaire, des expositions et des espaces discursifs de ces "œuvres précaires"? / The definition of the artwork is complex and plural. Repeatedly called into question, the terms of "production", "work", "piece", "situation", are frequently preferred nowadays. Nonetheless, and in spite of the current transformations of art, could we do without this notion? Our thesis analyses the work of art from the angle of an intrinsic and temporary precariousness. It is precarious, on one hand, because the work is an object devoted to criticism and reflexiveness ever since its appearance during the Renaissance and its aesthetic reception in the eighteenth century, and on the other hand, because it is exposed to the risks and disruptions of modernity and postmodernity's developments. Another form of precariousness, specific to the capitalist and technological age, is examined through the production of three contemporary artists - Pierre Huyghe, Ryan Trecartin and Camille Henrot. Their works consist more in a field of relations with multiples variations than in objects. What sort of experience should we expect from those exhibitions and discursive spaces of the "precarious work"?

La postmodernité, modifiant les repères essentiels de l'humanité que sont la durée, l'espace, la constitution du sujet, le statut de la mort et de l'absence, a affecté en profondeur le contexte dans lequel s'élabore le concept de sacré. Il en résulte une forme moderne de sacré dévoyé procédant davantage d'une mythologie résiduelle, d'une initiation tronquée ou, selon les mots de Mircea Eliade, de ritualismes dégradés, que d'un sacré systémique ayant une portée décisive, notamment, dans la détermination des valeurs et l'élaboration d'un destin commun. Or, la crise de l'éducation serait entée sur le déclin du sacré,départi de sa dimension structurelle. Le sujet contemporain, qui se cherche entre jouissance immédiate et relativisme désenchanté, ne semble plus pouvoir compter sur le potentiel fédérateur d'une éducation fragilisée, et l'altération de celle-ci paraît inéluctable, à moins que, nous engageant dans un autre temps nous n'admettions l'évidence de notre attachement phénoménologique et que nous ne sachions, en la préservant dans le langage, accepter la négativité du monde. / Postmodernity, modifying humanity's reference points - duration, space, subject's formation, status of death and non-attendance -, deeply affects the context in which the concept of sacred usually develops. The outcome is a kind of modern sacred, proceeding from a residual mythology, a rigged initiation or, in the own words of Mircea Eliade, from degraded ritualisms, and not a systemic sacred that would have any decisive impact on values determination or would draw up any common destiny.The education crisis would be a consequence of the declining sacred, deprived of its structural dimension. The contemporary subject, who is wavering between instantaneous enjoyment and disenchanted relativism, can't trust anymore the federating power of a weaken education, unless we admit the obvious of our phenomenologic statement and we are able to agree, preserving it inside the language, the negativity of the world.

Since North Africa is considered as one of the future hot spots for tourism development, western hotel chains increasingly expand to this region. Especially in the opening phase, these hotel groups tend to fill leading positions with male and female western managers. However, we assume that since the Arab culture is very male-dominated, the employment of women managers might cause cultural conflicts. Thus, our thesis aims to identify possible barriers for women to succeed in hotels in North Africa as well as to elaborate critical success factors for future female western leaders to overcome these barriers and to manage effectively. In order to find out about underlying attitudes towards foreigners and female superiors, we conducted a survey among Arabic hotel employees at an international five star hotel in Egypt. The results of our survey were topped up with insights from the literature and the remaining knowledge gaps were filled by holding conversations with industry experts. The findings of our study indicate a trend towards a more liberal Arabic society as well as certain openness towards foreigners and women, which could be ascribed to driving forces, such as globalization and a rise in information technology. However, there are still cases of gender inequality and religious intolerance, which shows that social practices have not yet completely changed. It is thus suggested that female western leaders still face barriers, such as chauvinistic behavior as well as suggestiveness. In order to be able to deal with these barriers, we developed critical success factors for future women managers, such as being cultural intelligent, being interested in the employees, being a coach and a team player, and trusting yourself. In addition, we provided general implications for women operating in other seemingly hostile environments, such as male-dominated industries or women-aversive surroundings.

Abstract Title: Who are you? Who am I? – Charades in the mediated world of today. A study of the construction of identity at Facebook. (Vem är du? Vem är jag? – Charader i dagens medierade värld. En studie av identitetskonstruktionen på Facebook.) Number of pages: 58 (66 including enclosures.) Author: Mathilda Wahlund Tutor: Ylva Ekström Course: Media and Communication Studies C Period: Fall 2007 University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala University. Purpose/Aim: The aim is to study how people construct their own identities today. I want to understand and study how such a central thing as identity is being constructed, in a place which offers members to freely present themselves, the community Facebook. Material/Method: Through Internet based interviews and observations I approach the inner worlds of my informants. Using semiotics I can detect underlying meanings. My theoretical base consists of modernist and postmodernist perspectives among others. Gidden’s theory of the self narrative, Butler’s queer theory, the theory of articulation represented by Stuart Hall, Gauntlett’s model of objects and intersectionality represented by Nina Lykke among others. Main results: The main result is that people do not actively construct identity in one way on the Internet. They do it in several ways, deliberately and non deliberately. Identity construction today is very fragmented, like the world we live in. People choose their own ways to present themselves, and the ways they do it vary. But people are often aware of the fact that they do present themselves, they’ve just not been reflecting over who they present. Key words: Identity, the self, the subject, construction of identity, modernity, postmodernity, Facebook, Giddens, Butler, queer theory, articulation, the model of objects, intersectionality, interviews, observation, semiotics.

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