Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti vyresnių klasių mokinių suvokiamo tėvų auklėjimo stiliaus, optimizmo ir prisitaikymo mokykloje sunkumų ryšius. Tyrime dalyvavo 157, dviejų Kauno vidurinių mokyklų, dešimtos-dvyliktos klasės mokiniai. 60 vaikinų ir 97 merginos, 15-19 metų amžiaus. Tyrime naudotos metodikos – Auklėjimo stiliaus klausimynas; Scheier, Carver ir Bridges "Pataisytas gyvenimo orientacijos testas" skirtas įvertinti optimizmo lygiui; ir prisitaikymo mokykloje sunkumų subskalė iš "Paauglio psichologinio funkcionavimo sunkumų klausimyno". Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, jog mokiniai, kurie savo tėvo auklėjimo stilių suvokia kaip autoritetingą, pasižymi didesniu optimizmu nei mokiniai, kurie savo tėvo auklėjimo stilių suvokia kaip autoritarišką ar neįsitraukiantį. Tačiau nerasta statistiškai reikšmingų skirtumų tarp mokinių optimizmo lygio ir mamos auklėjimo stilių. Mokiniai, kurie savo tėvų auklėjimo stilių suvokia kaip autoritetingą, turi mažiau prisitaikymo mokykloje sunkumų nei mokiniai, kurių tėvai taiko kitus auklėjimo stilius. Labiau optimistiški mokiniai turi mažiau prisitaikymo mokykloje sunkumų, jie geriau susidoroja su mokymosi krūviu, turi geresnius akademinius pasiekimus, tėvai ir mokytojai yra labiau patenkinti jų mokymusi, ir tokių mokinių elgesys labiau atitinka mokyklos reikalavimus. Nustatytas tėvų auklėjimo stiliaus ir mokinio prisitaikymo mokykloje sunkumų netiesioginis ryšys, kuris rodo, jog tėvų auklėjimo stilius turi įtakos mokinio optimizmui, o mokinio... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of this study is to analyse the high school students’ perceived parenting style and optimism links with school adjustment difficulties. 157 participants of two Kaunas’s High schools participated in this research. Participants were students of 10th – 12th classes. The whole part was composed of 60 boys and 97 girls from 15-19 age scale. Perceived parenting style was assessed with “Parenting style inventory”; “Life orientation Test Revised” by Scheier, Carver and Bridged was practised to evaluate optimism level; and “adjustment at school difficulties” subscale from “Adolescent Psychological Functioning Difficulties Questionnaire” was examined as well. The analysis showed that high school students who perceive their father’s parenting style as authoritative are more optimistic in their lives than the students who perceive their father’s parenting style as authoritarian or neglectful. There are no statistically significant differences found between high school students’ optimism level and mother‘s parenting style. Students who perceive their parents’ parenting style as authoritative have less adjustment difficulties at school than students whose parents apply other parenting styles. Students who are more optimistic have less school adjustment difficulties, they manage to cope with the tasks more effectively, reach better academic goals, while parents and teachers are more satisfied with their studying results. More optimistic students’ behaviour is also more applied to... [to full text]

Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti ir palyginti mokytojų ir mokinių (merginų ir vaikinų) požiūrį į vartojančius narkotikus ir/ar rizikingai vartojančius alkoholį paauglius. Tyrime dalyvavo 60 mokytojų (moterų) ir 120 mokinių (60 merginų ir 60 vaikinų) iš trijų mokyklų: dviejų Kauno miesto ir vienos Kauno rajono. Tyrime naudoti šie metodai: 1) požiūriui į narkotikus vartojančius asmenis įvertinti - Klausimynas apie visuomenės požiūrį į vartojančius narkotikus asmenis, sukurtas N. Singleton (2010); 2) požiūriui į rizikingai alkoholį vartojančius asmenis įvertinti - Klausimynas apie visuomenės požiūrį į vartojančius narkotikus asmenis modifikuotas į Klausimyną apie visuomenės požiūrį į rizikingai alkoholį vartojančius asmenis su darbo vadove doc. dr. I. Pilkauskiene. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad mokytojos pasisako už didesnę narkotikus vartojančių asmenų integraciją į visuomenę lyginant su vaikinais, o mokytojų ir merginų požiūris apie narkotikus vartojančių asmenų integraciją į visuomenę nesiskiria. Mokytojos ir mokiniai jaučia vienodą baimę vartojantiems narkotikus asmenims. Merginos labiau negu mokytojos priima narkotikus vartojančius asmenis, o mokytojų ir vaikinų požiūris į priėmimą narkotikus vartojančių asmenų atžvilgiu nesiskiria. Mokiniai labiau negu mokytojos užjaučia narkotikus vartojančius asmenis. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, mokytojų ir mokinių požiūrį į vartojančius rizikingai alkoholį asmenis: mokytojų ir mokinių požiūris į rizikingai alkoholį vartojančių asmenų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the study was to assess and compare the teachers and students (girls and boys) approach to drug users and/or heavy drinking among adolescents. There were 180 participants of the study - 60 teachers (female) and 120 students (60 girls and 60 boys) from three schools: two of Kaunas city and one of Kaunas district. The following methods were used in this study: 1) Public attitudes to drug users which was created by N. Singleton (2010); 2) Public attitudes to drug users questionnaire was modified to public attitudes to heavy drinkers with the scientific adviser doc. dr. I. Pilkauskiene. The results of the study showed that the teachers are advocating for a greater integration of people into society compared with boys, but the difference between teachers‘and girls‘attitude about drug users’ integration into society was not found. Teachers and adolescents feel the same fear of people with drug dependence. Girls more than the teachers accept drug users but the teachers and boys approach to acceptance of people with drug dependence was no different. Adolescents tend to feel more sympathy for people with drusg dependence than the teachers. Study results revealed the approach of teachers' and students' to heavy drinking persons: attitude of teachers and adolescents towards heavy drinkers’ integration into society was no different, but the girls more than the teachers feel sympathy for heavy drinking people, though between teachers and boys the difference was not found. The... [to full text]

Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti sergančių onkologine liga asmenų, vyrų ir moterų, ligos suvokimo sąsajas su gyvenimo prasme ir ligos įveikos strategijomis. Tyrimui atlikti naudota: Ligos suvokimo klausimynas (Weinman, Petrie, Moss-Morris, Horne, 1996; Weinman, Petrie, 1997) (angl. The Revised-Illness Perception Questionnaire, IPQ–R), siekiant nustatyti vėžiu sergančių asmenų ligos suvokimą; Gyvenimo prasmės skalė (Jim et al., 2006) (angl. Meaning in Life Scale, MiLS), skirta tiriamųjų gyvenimo prasmės įvertinimui; COPE streso įveikimo strategijų klausimynas Carver, Scheier, Weintraub, 1989) (angl. Coping Orientation of Problem Experience Inventory, COPE), siekiant nustatyti tiriamųjų pasirinktas ligos įveikos strategijas. Gauti duomenys apdoroti naudojant statistinį SPSS 16,0 versijos programinį paketą. Statistiškai patikimais rezultatais laikytini atvejai, kai p < 0,05, P = 95 proc. Tyrime dalyvavo 142 (22–74 metų) onkologinėmis ligomis sergantys vyrai ir moterys. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad onkologine liga sergančių asmenų, vyrų ir moterų, stipresnis ligos suvokimas siejasi su dažniau naudojama adaptyvia, į problemas nukreipta ligos įveika; onkologine liga sergančių asmenų, vyrų ir moterų, stipresnis ligos suvokimas siejasi su aukštesne gyvenimo prasme; onkologine liga sergantiems asmenims, vyrams ir moterims, pasižymintiems stipresniu ligos suvokimu ir adaptyvia, į emocijas nukreipta ligos įveika, būdinga žemesnė gyvenimo prasmė. / The aim of the research is to identify oncology patients’, men and women, relation of illness perception to the meaning in life, the coping strategies of illness. References for research: The Revised-Illness Perception Questionnaire, IPQ–R (Weinman, Petrie, Moss-Morris, Horne, 1996; Weinman, Petrie, 1997) in order to identify oncology patients’ illness perception; Meaning in Life Scale, MiLS (Jim et al., 2006) for evaluation of research participants’ meaning in life; Coping Orientation of Problem Experience Inventory, COPE (Carver, Scheier, Weintraub, 1989) in order to identify the coping strategies of illness chosen by research participants. The received data was processed while using a statistical SPSS software package. Statistically reliable cases werw considered when p < 0,05, P = 95%. 142 people (22-74years old), men and women with oncologic illnesses participated in the research. The research results have revealed that a stronger illness perception of men and women with oncologic illness is associated with a more frequently used adaptive, problem-focused coping of illness; a stronger illness perception of men and women with oncologic illness is associated with a higher meaning in life; a lower meaning in life is typical for those oncology patients, men and women, who have a stronger illness perception and adaptive, emotion - focused illness coping.

Tikslas - įvertinti subjektyvių ir objektyvių kognityvinių funkcijų sąsajas su pasitenkinimu gyvenimu ir kompensacinių technikų naudojimu senyvame amžiuje. Tyrime dalyvavo 97 tiriamieji vyresni nei 63 metai. Tyrime dalyvavusių respondentų amžiaus vidurkis buvo 74,54 (stnd. n. 8,9). Dauguma tiriamųjų buvo moterys 65% (N=63), likusieji 35% (N=34) buvo vyrai. Tiriamojo buvo prašoma atsakyti į klausimus, susijusius su jo atmintimi, dėmesio koncentracija, apskritai pažintinėmis funkcijomis, naudojant CFQ metodiką. Pastaroji vertinimo metodika yra skirta įvertinti subjektyviai suvokiamas savo pažintines funkcijas. Naudojant Diener E. (1985) skalę, tiriamiesiems buvo užduodami penki klausimai, apie jų jaučiamą pasitenkinimą gyvenimu. Naudojant penkių žodžių testą ir Krepelino metodiką, buvo įvertinama tiriamųjų ilgalaikė ir trumpalaikė atmintis ir dėmesio išsekimas. Siekiant objektyviomis metodikomis įvertinti tiriamųjų bendrą pažintinių funkcijų lygį buvo naudojamas 6CIT klausimynas. Taip pat tiriamieji atsakė į papildomus klausimus apie išsilavinimą, šeimyninę padėti, sveikatą, kompensacinių technikų naudojimą. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad tiriamųjų pažintinės funkcijos silpnėja su amžiumi. Seno amžiaus tiriamieji pasižymi silpnesnėmis pažintinėmis funkcijomis, nei senyvo amžiaus tiriamieji. Aukštesnio išsilavinimo tiriamųjų pažintinių funkcijų rodikliai buvo aukštesni, nei kito išsilavinimo tiriamųjų. Kita vertus, tiriamųjų pasitenkinimas gyvenimu nėra susijęs su jų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of this study was to assess relationship between subjective and objective cognitive functions and satisfaction with life and using compensatory techniques in elderly. The subjects of the study were 97 men and women, elderly than 63 years old. Mean of the age was 74,54 ± 8,9. Mostly of the subjects were women (65%, N=63) and 35% (N=34) were men. There were individual talk with everyone subject of the study. The subjects had asked to answer in questions about their memory, attention, generally cognitive functions. CFQ was used for to assess subjective cognitive failures. Using Diener E. (1985) scale, subjetcs had to answer five questions about their satisfaction with life. Five – word test and Kreapaeaelin methodic were used to assess subject’s short – term memory, long – term memory and attention. 6CIT methodic was used to assess subject’s generally cognitive functions. Also there were questions about education, marital status, health and using compansatory techniques. The results of this study show that there are statistically significant differences between age cognitive functions. Cognitive functions are better in Young-Old age then in Old-old age. Also there are differences between education. But there are no statistically significant differences between cognitive functions, education, age, using compensatory techniques and satisfaction with life. But results show that satisfaction with life is relates with relations with family, also with long term memory and... [to full text]

The development of a creative personality is becoming more and more significant in the rapidly changing world. The aim of this work is to reveal the peculiarities of 5 –7 year old children verbal and nonverbal creative thinking. In the first (theoretical) part problems of creativity and creative thinking are analysed. In the second (practical) part the results of research on the indices of verbal and nonverbal creative thinking of pre – school children (5–7) are analysed. The object of research – creativity of 5 – 7 year children and education of creativity. The aim of research – to reveal the peculiarities of 5 – 7 year old children verbal and nonverbal creative thinking. The tasks of research: 1) to analyse the indices of creativity among girls and boys; 2) to analyse the indices of creativity among 5 and 7 year old children; 3) to analyse the indices of creativity among children from Vilnius and Alytus. Hypothesis: 1) girl's and boy's verbal and nonverbal creative thinking indices are equal; 2) 5 year old children are conditionally more creatable then 7 year old children; 3) creativity of the 5 and 7 year old children differ due to the place of residence: children from Vilnius are conditionally more creatable then children from Alytus. The research proved that the first hypothesis wasn’t confirmed. The girl's nonverbal creative thinking indices are higher then boy's. The boy's verbal creative thinking indices are higher than girl's. The second hypothesis was fully... [to full text]

The aim of investigation was to reveal the factors that have influence on choosing profession – intellectual capabilities and vocational predispositions. The subjects of the research were 304 second form gymnasium pupils (279 pupils from Vilnius Žemynos gymnasium and 25 pupils from Kaunas “Rasos” gymnasium). The age of the subjects was 15 – 17 years. Literature analysis, J. L. Holland’s test, R. Amthauer IST – 70 methodology, statistical analysis (SPSS 10.0 for Windows) were chosen as the research methods. All of our hypotheses were proved to be partly correct. It was found the positive relations between verbal capabilities (III subtest and I+II+III+IV subtests) and Investigative vocational predisposition, negative relations - between verbal capabilities (II subtest) and Conventional vocational predisposition; mathematical capabilities (V subtest and V+VI subtests) have positive correlations with Investigative and Conventional predisposition, but negative ones – with Artistic predisposition; mathematical capabilities (VI subtest) have positive correlations with Conventional predisposition. All the described correlations are very weak (0,190 ≤ r ≤ 0,276; p < 0,01; p < 0,05 and -0,280 ≤ r ≤ -0,194; p < 0,01; p < 0,05). The research revealed that verbal capabilities (II subtest) of Investigative and Social type subgroup’s are higher to compare to Conventional type subgroup F0,01; 0,05 (4,125) = 3,436; verbal capabilities (III subtest) of Investigative type subgroup are higher... [to full text]

The purpose of this work was to study the peculiarities and interrelations of achievement motivation, locus of health control (multidimensional and visual analogue scales) and academic advancement of senior schoolchildren (years IX – XII). 228 senior schoolchildren participated in the study. The study involved two methodologies. The first one, meant for the research of learning motivation of schoolchildren, was used A. Mehrabian’s achievement motivation test-enquiry, modified by M. Sh. Magomed – Eminov. The second one – K. Wallston’s (1978) health locus of control (multidimensional and visual analogue scales). The research results data confirmed the hypothesis that achievement motivation of senior girls is different from that of senior boys. It was established that the ratios of motivation of boys were higher than those of girls of the same age. It is confirmed by the statistically relevant relation (t(226)=2,004, p = 0,04). The analysis of research data showed that: achievement motivation of senior schoolchildren decreases with the age; senior schoolchildren’s belief that condition of health depends on contingencies or external influences decreases with the age; senior boys evaluate their health better than girls of the same age; advancement of senior schoolchildren increases with the age. Second hypothesis of probability of relation among achievement motivation, health control ratios and academic advancement in senior grades was not confirmed.

The purpose of this is work to analyse self-awareness, self-esteem, sense of coherence, understanding of sequence of a vital way, and also a choice of attractive and unattractive images of this sequence at 7-8 years children’s from not full families in comparison with children from full families. Self-esteem was measured by the semantic differential type scale developed by Beresneviciene D. (1995) and Pileckaite-Markoviene (2001). Sense of coherence scale for children was measured by Margalit (1995) and Pileckaite-Markoviene (2001). Identify own age, understanding of sequence of a vital way, and also a choice of attractive and unattractive images, was investigated using a technique of children's self-awareness by Belopolskaja N.L. (1998). 241 primary school children (163 from full families and 78 not full families) were evaluated using these tools. The results showed that children from not full families estimate themselves below on parameter "happy" (t(239) =3,281, p=0,001) than children from full families. Results have shown that children from full families have a higher level of sense of coherence, than children from not full families. Statistically important difference is visible on components “trust to an environment " (t(239)=2,627, p=0,009) and "acceptance of requirements of an environment” (t(239)=2,464, p=0,014). Results of empirical investigations showed that primary school children with high level of sense of coherence had higher level of self-esteem (r=0,378... [to full text]

Šiame magistro darbe buvo tiriamas nuo priklausomybės ligų besigydančių žmonių dailės terapijos užsiėmimų patyrimas. Tai – nauja, literatūroje mažai analizuojama, tyrimų sritis. Teorinėje darbo dalyje aptariama priklausomybių samprata, jų rūšys, kilmės teorijos ir poveikis. Taip pat atskleidžiamas dailės terapijos kaip psichosocialinio reabilitacijos metodo galimybės. Šio darbo tikslas – ištirti kaip konkretūs, nuo priklausomybės ligų besigydantys, žmonės patiria dailės terapijos užsiėmimus. Magistriniame darbe taikomas kokybinis fenomenologinis tyrimo metodas, remiantis P.Colaizzi metodologija. Pusiau struktūruoto interviu pagalba apklausti septyni priklausomybės ligų reabilitacijos bendruomenėje besigydantys asmenys. Tyrimas atliekamas tam tikrais etapais. 1) Suformuluojami išankstiniai tyrėjo įsitikinimai; 2) Sukuriamas tyrimo klausimynas; 3) Su kiekvienu tyrimo dalyviu atliekamas pusiau struktūruotas individualus interviu; 4) Visi interviu transkribuojami; 5) Iš kiekvieno interviu protokolo išrenkamos frazės ar sakiniai, kurie tiesiogiai siejasi su tiriamu fenomenu ir, jais remiantis, sudaromas reikšmingų teiginių sąrašas; 6) Kiekvienas reikšmingas teiginys interpretuojamas, atrandant teiginiuose slypinčias prasmes; 7) Organizuojama interpretuotų teiginių visuma bei sudaromas temų sąrašas; 8) Temų sąrašas integruojamas į išsamų tiriamo fenomeno aprašą; 9) Susitinkama su kiekvienu tyrimo dalyviu bei atliekamas tyrimo duomenų verifikavimas; 10) Remiantis tyrimo dalyvių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The main object of this master thesis is art therapy experience of people, having addiction problems, who are currently undergoing a special treatment program. This is a new investigation field that is very little analysed, so far. The theoretical part of the thesis discusses the conception of the addiction, its varieties, the theory of its origin, and its influence on people. Besides, art therapy is revealed as a possibility of a psychosocial rehabilitation method. The aim of the thesis – to investigate the impact of the art therapy courses on particular people, who are undergoing a special addiction treatment program. A qualitative phenomenological investigation method, based on P. Colaizzi methodology, was applied in the present master thesis. The investigation was carried out in the addict rehabilitation society, when seven persons, who were currently undergoing the treatment program, were involved into the investigation and interviewed by means of a half-structural interview procedure. The investigation was carried out in certain stages:1) the investigator defines his own preconceived assumptions; 2) the questionnaire is arranged; 3) all the participants of the investigation are interviewed personally using a half-structural interview procedure; 4) all the interviews are transcribed; 5) certain phrases and sentences are selected from each interview records that have a direct relationship with a phenomenon under the investigation, then a list of significant statements is... [to full text]

Šio darbo tikslas buvo išsiaiškinti patiriamo perdegimo sindromo dažnumą ir intensyvumą tiriamųjų tarpe bei nustatyti jo ryšį su asmenybės bruožais bei patiriama žodine agresija darbe. Tyrime dalyvavo 220 tiriamųjų iš dviejų Lietuvos įmonių, kurių darbo specifika yra klientų aptarnavimas. Perdegimas buvo vertinamas Maslach perdegimo sindromo klausimynu, kurį sudarė 22 teiginiai, matuojantys emocinį išsekimą, depersonalizaciją ir asmeninius laimėjimus (Maslach, Jackson, 1981). Patiriama žodinė agresija darbe vertinama, uždavus tris klausimus (Grandey et al., 2007). Asmenybės bruožai vertinami naudojant NEO PI-R asmenybės klausimyno lietuviškosios versijos (Žukauskienė, Barkauskienė, 2006) sutrumpintą variantą. Tyrimo duomenimis, perdegti labiau linkę nesusituokę, aukštesnį išsilavinimą turintys bei jaunesnio amžiaus asmenys, darbuotojai, bendraujantys su klientais telefonu. Neurotiški ir pasižymintys mažesniu sutariamumu darbuotojai bei patiriantys žodinę agresiją darbe labiau linkę emociškai išsekti bei patirti depersonalizaciją, t. y. perdegti. Taip pat daroma išvada, jog emocinį išsekimą labiausiai galima numatyti iš neurotizmo, o depersonalizaciją – iš klientų patiriamos žodinės agresijos. / The purpose of the study was to assess the frequency and intensity of burnout and evaluate the links between burnout, personality traits, and verbal abuse at work. The sample group was 220 respondents from two Lithuanian companies that work in customers’ service fields. Burnout was measured with Maslach Burnout Inventory (Maslach, Jackson, 1981), which consisted of 22 items measuring emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Verbal abuse was assessed with 3 questions (Grandey et al., 2007). Personality traits were measured with shortcut version of the Lithuanian NEO PI-R version (Žukauskienė, Barkauskienė, 2006). The results showed that singles, younger, and higher educated people, or employees who have customer contacts by phone are more likely to burn out compare to others. Employees who are higher in neuroticism and lower in agreeableness, and who experiencing verbal aggression at work are more likely to burn out. Thus, emotional exhaustion could be predicted by neuroticism, while depersonalization – by customer verbal aggression more than personality traits.