In this study a comparative approach between both the Sámi of northern Sweden and the Three Affiliated Tribes of North Dakota in relation to the constructions of the Letsi Reservoir and Garrison Dams will be given. The comparison will help create an understanding of what kinds of impacts they had to a number of factors. These factors include financial, environmental and cultural impact to the aforementioned groups, with the Imperial mindsets of the State in question.

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För att få en tydlig bild av en marknad använder företag sig av segmenteringstekniker för att dela upp konsumenter i olika segment med målet att kunna precisera sina marknadsföringsåtgärder och optimera sina försäljningsutsikter. I dagens globaliserade multikanalsamhälle suddas landsgränser ständigt ut, vilket skapar ett behov för företag att istället identifiera regionala marknader. Genom att karlägga regioner är det möjligt att röna ut om det även inom ett land kan finnas skillnader i attityder till olika varumärken. Kombinationen av geografisk, demografisk och psykografisk segmentering möjliggör för företag att inte enbart se vilken ålder konsumenter har eller vilken stad de bor i, utan även vilken typ av attityd de har gentemot en viss produkt eller ett varumärke.Studien syftar till att ta reda om det finns regionala skillnader i varumärkesattityder i Sverige samt vad attityderna grundar sig i. I form av en studie över tre geografiskt skilda områden i Sverige, där 239 respondenter medverkade i strukturerade intervjuer undersöktes om varumärkesattityder kan skilja sig åt i de olika regionerna. Vidare medverkade 6 personer i mer djupgående semistrukturerade intervjuer där kvalitativ information rörande skapande och förändring av varumärkesattityder kunnat inhämtas. Studien behandlar varumärkesattityder gentemot fallföretaget 8848 Altitude som är ett producerande företag med fokus på utrustning och konfektion för alpinsport. Det insamlade materialet analyserades med hjälp av ett antal teorier om segmentering, attityder och tribes.Studiens resultat visar på att det finns skillnader i varumärkesattityder över de olika regionerna i Sverige. Resultatet visar även att det inte enbart är geografisk och demografisk tillhörighet som avgör vilken attityd en konsument har gentemot ett varumärke. Däremot, helt oberoende av geografisk tillhörighet, är det möjligt att utröna data över en grupp respondenter som har likvärdig konsumtion, värderingar och användande av produkter vilket kan benämnas vid en tribe. Studiens slutsats menar att tribal tillhörighet är en aspekt som kan vara ett fördelaktigt tillägg i psykografisk segmentering. Genom att studera en eventuell tribe kan ett företag se vilka värden som länkar samman produkten med konsumenten och således precisera sin marknadsföring. / Program: Civilekonomprogrammet

Dans le cadre de l'optimisation multiobjectif, les métaheuristiques sont reconnues pour être des méthodes performantes mais elles ne rencontrent qu'un succès modéré dans le monde de l'industrie. Dans un milieu où seule la performance compte, l'aspect stochastique des métaheuristiques semble encore être un obstacle difficile à franchir pour les décisionnaires. Il est donc important que les chercheurs de la communauté portent un effort tout particulier sur la facilité de prise en main des algorithmes. Plus les algorithmes seront faciles d'accès pour les utilisateurs novices, plus l'utilisation de ceux-ci pourra se répandre. Parmi les améliorations possibles, la réduction du nombre de paramètres des algorithmes apparaît comme un enjeu majeur. En effet, les métaheuristiques sont fortement dépendantes de leur jeu de paramètres. Dans ce cadre se situe l'apport majeur de TRIBES, un algorithme mono-objectif d'Optimisation par Essaim Particulaire (OEP) qui fonctionne automatiquement,sans paramètres. Il a été mis au point par Maurice Clerc. En fait, le fonctionnement de l'OEP nécessite la manipulation de plusieurs paramètres. De ce fait, TRIBES évite l'effort de les régler (taille de l'essaim, vitesse maximale, facteur d'inertie, etc.).Nous proposons dans cette thèse une adaptation de TRIBES à l'optimisation multiobjectif. L'objectif est d'obtenir un algorithme d'optimisation par essaim particulaire multiobjectif sans paramètres de contrôle. Nous reprenons les principaux mécanismes de TRIBES auxquels sont ajoutés de nouveaux mécanismes destinés à traiter des problèmes multiobjectif. Après les expérimentations, nous avons constaté, que TRIBES-Multiobjectif est moins compétitif par rapport aux algorithmes de référence dans la littérature. Ceci peut être expliqué par la stagnation prématurée de l'essaim. Pour remédier à ces problèmes, nous avons proposé l'hybridation entre TRIBES-Multiobjectif et un algorithme de recherche locale, à savoir le recuit simulé et la recherche tabou. L'idée était d'améliorer la capacité d'exploitation deTRIBES-Multiobjectif. Nos algorithmes ont été finalement appliqués sur des problèmes de dimensionnement des transistors dans les circuits analogiques

This thesis is an ethnography of a community of professional thieves called the Kanjar-a 'caste of thieves' by practice, public perception and self-designation-in the northern Indian province of Rajasthan. It is also an argument that spells out the broader logic of rank in local society. Insofar as it offers the first ethnography of the Kanjar community- and of caste-based, professional, hereditary theft-this study is new. My analytical concern with hierarchy and rank, however, is old, engaging in the once central, and now largely out-fashioned, discussion in the sociology of South Asia. My project began with a narrow set of concerns with the place of thieving and thieves in local society. In the course of my fieldwork, however, it became apparent that the received wisdom of South Asian sociology regarding the principles of rank did not offer useful explanatory tools and that a different conception of rank was necessary to make sense of what I observed, both about the social position of Kanjars and the hierarchical social formation at large. As is so often the case, what began as a study of historically and sociologically particular circumstances became an inquiry into the pervasive regnant aspects of the local order of things.

Depuis 1976 le concours de beauté « Miss Brésil Gay » a lieu chaque année à Juiz de Fora (Brésil) et ses 36 éditions ont attiré régulièrement des milliers de touristes. La compétition se déroule entre les 27 États brésiliens représentés par des concurrentes qui ne sont pas des travestis, mais des garçons qui s’habillent en femme. Tenu comme l’un des premiers de ce genre au Brésil, il est devenu l’une des manifestations culturelles les plus représentatives de la ville et l’un des événements gays les plus connus du pays. Cette thèse discutera de l’homosexualité et des « tribus gays » pour valider l’hypothèse que le concours se rapproche d’une « effervescence postmoderne ». La première partie est basée sur la sociologie classique, la sociologie compréhensive, l’imaginaire et la sociologie du quotidien. Il y a ensuite une révision théorique des points les plus pertinents de l’ouvrage de Michel Maffesoli en relation à ce travail : tribalisme, identités, altérité, effervescences et Dionysos. Les rites et rituels de passage reçoivent une attention spéciale, en fonction de leur importance dans cette étude. La deuxième partie est une approche transdisciplinaire sur l’homosexualité à travers la reconstruction sociohistorique, les identités, les effervescences touristiques, les utilisations du corps et l’homophobie. La troisième partie est consacrée au travail sur le terrain, composé par les « histoires de vie » de cinq misses gays brésiliennes. Il s’agit d’une recherche qualitative qui utilise les méthodes de l’Observation Participante et de la Participation Observante pour arriver aux analyses de données, à la validation des hypothèses et à la vérification des résultats, répertoriées dans la cinquième partie. À travers le microcosme du Miss Brésil Gay, l’objectif est de contribuer à l’élaboration de nouvelles catégories de la pensée sociologique sur l’homosexualité et sur les fêtes « tribales », à partir d’un regard postmoderne. / Since 1976 the beauty pageant contest Miss Gay Brazil is held annually in Juiz de Fora (Brazil) and its 36 editions regularly attract thousands of tourists. The competition takes place between the 27 Brazilian states represented by competitors who are not transvestites, but men who dress as women. Held as one of the first of its kind in Brazil, it has become one of the most representative cultural events in the city and one of the country’s best known gay events. This thesis will discuss homosexuality and « gay tribes » to validate the hypothesis that the contest is approaching a « postmodern effervescence ». The first part is based on traditional sociology, « comprehensive sociology », the imaginary and « everyday life sociology ». There is also a theoretical review of the most relevant points of works by Michel Maffesoli in relation to this study: tribalism, identity, alterity, effervescence and Dionysus. The rituals and rites of passage are given special attention, according to their importance in this research. The second part is a transdisciplinary approach to homosexuality, through a socio-historical reconstruction, identities, « gay tourism », utilisations of the body and homophobia. The third part is devoted to the « field », composed by the « life stories method » of five Brazilian Gay Misses. This is a qualitative research that uses « observing participation » and « participating observation » to arrive at data analysis, validation and verification of results, exposed in the fifth part. Through the microcosm of Miss Gay Brazil, the aim is to contribute to the development of new categories of sociological thought on homosexuality and fêtes « tribales » from a postmodern point of view.

A presente dissertação busca delimitações de termos mais legitimados - a partir da indústria da moda e da cultura hegemônica - para então compreender indefinições e alguns de seus fluxos aparentemente incoerentes. Partindo de uma compreensão dos estudos de moda e da linguagem legitimada de moda, investigará as possibilidades de modas ditas alternativas, suas nuances e formalizações. Para isso são capturadas e analisadas imagens de frequentadores da região do Baixo Augusta na cidade de São Paulo, levando em consideração e como contextualização conceitualizações como sociologia da moda e do consumo, difusões de tendências, cultura e subcultura, tribos urbanas, moda e anti-moda, imagem, processos de dados, complexidade e emergência / The present work seeks delineations of the most legitimized terms - on the fashion industry and the hegemonic culture - and then understand uncertainties and some of their apparently incoherent flows. Beginning with an understanding of fashion studies and fashion industry legitimated language, investigate the possibilities of so-called alternative fashions, nuances and formalizations. For this, are taken and analysed images of goers of Baixo Augusta area in Sao Paulo city, taking into account and as contextualization concepts in sociology of fashion and consumption, broadcasts trends, culture and subculture, urban tribes, fashion and anti-fashion, image, data processes, complexity and emergence

[pt] Desenvolvido como estudo fenomenológico-hermenêutico, o trabalho que se passa a apresentar busca ampliar a compreensão acerca das experiências interativas sócio- técnicas que têm os participantes dos encontros de serviços com a iluminação ambiental oferecida pelos cenários das empresas. Para tanto, conduziu-se uma revisão bibliográfica focada na visão das lojas de serviços como construções espaciais de uma representação na qual o ambiente físico da empresa constitui o cenário de um espetáculo teatral em que a luz torna-se um elemento primordial. Seguindo uma perspectiva simultaneamente interdisciplinar e transdisciplinar, recorreu-se às disciplinas da Biologia, da Medicina, da Óptica Física, da Física Quântica, da Psicologia Ambiental, da Antropologia, da Semiótica, da Arquitetura e das Artes Cênicas para acessar as principais construções teóricas acerca da luz e para empreender esforços no sentido de responder à desordem de pesquisa. Realizou-se também um estudo de campo em lojas temáticas de serviços, nas quais foram realizadas observações e entrevistas de base qualitativa junto àqueles que experimentaram o fenômeno que se estava examinando. Em acordo com os preceitos da análise de conteúdo e da análise interparticipante, os depoimentos foram interpretados, classificados e utilizados para gerar proposições, as quais foram submetidas a um grupo de cinco informantes-chave e, posteriormente, oferecidas como possibilidades de se chegar a uma melhor compreensão das experiências dos participantes dos encontros de serviços com a luz. / [en] Taking up a phenomenological-hermeneutical approach, this dissertation seeks both to widen as well as to improve the ways through which people participating in service encounters interact with environmental lighting. In this sense, the literature review focussed servicescapes as spatial representations whereby the physical environment of a service firm supports a drama where light is a crucial element. According to a standpoint which is both inter- and transdisciplinary, contributions from several disciplines - e. g. Biology, Medecine, Optical Physics, Quantic Physics, Environmental Psychology, Anthropology, Semiotics, Architecture and Scenic Arts - have been brought about to give access to the most relevant theories about light as well as to start filling up some extant research gaps. The field study was developed in thematic service stores. Both direct observation and qualitative interviews allowed to collect information from participants who had experienced one or more interactions as conceived in this study. Following basic principles from Content Analysis and Interparticipant Observation, the interviews were interpreted, classified and then used to generate several research propositions. The propositions were then analysed by 5 referees in order to be finally presented as propositive guidelines to a better understanding of lighting experiences during service encounters.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-11-09T10:23:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Renata Cristina Matias.pdf: 13734733 bytes, checksum: 4badba4af002ca89c28dd0d51d12abc8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-09T10:23:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renata Cristina Matias.pdf: 13734733 bytes, checksum: 4badba4af002ca89c28dd0d51d12abc8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-12 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / This paper analyzes lyrics of the Carecas do Subúrbio urban group bands. However, in knowing the history of the skinheads in Britain, the propagators of ideology, the emergence of the Carecas do Subúrbio movement and the various branches that have emerged over the years to may, thus, profiling of individuals who are part of the group. It was noted, through interviews with members of the group, the relevance of the musical bands for this movement and, also, the significate which them attribute to such terms used on your lyrics. This research, of a qualitative character, elected the bands Hysteria Oi!, Oi!perária Class and Soldados da Pátria, as well as members of the Carecas do Subúrbio movement resident in the São Paulo city (SP), to conduct the case of study. Methodological procedures were used the bibliographic review, the experience of the researcher with the group and field research, in which questionnaires were applied with open questions and, subsequently, conducting of a focal group. The lyrics of musical bands of the group were analyzed and the theme nationalism was verified as the most covered by bands, therefore, analyzed in this study. It has been found that the musical bands are more emblematically in field of social conflict and that they are the propagators of the Carecas do Subúrbio ideology. It turned out that the members of the group believe that their ideology, that values by nationalism and the traditionalism, is ideal for the country. The Carecas believe that they are the soldiers of the homeland and that, with their ideology, will achieve a better Brazil for everyone. They believe to be the national heroes and that the violence established in the group is justified, once they fighting for the ideology that will save the brazilians of the problems in sectors as education, health and economy / Este trabalho analisa letras de músicas de bandas do grupo urbano Carecas do Subúrbio. Para tanto, aprofundamo-nos em conhecer a história dos Skinheads na Grã-Bretanha, os propagadores da ideologia, o surgimento do movimento dos Carecas no Subúrbio e as diferentes ramificações que surgiram ao longo dos anos para poder, assim, traçar um perfil dos indivíduos que fazem parte do grupo. Verificamos, por meio de entrevistas com membros do grupo, a relevância das bandas musicais para o movimento e, também, o significado que os integrantes das bandas atribuem a alguns termos utilizados em suas letras. Esta pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, elegeu as bandas Histeria Oi!, Classe Oi!perária e Soldados da Pátria, além de membros do movimento Carecas do Subúrbio residentes na cidade de São Paulo (SP), para realizar o estudo de caso. Foram utilizados como procedimentos metodológicos a revisão bibliográfica, a vivência da pesquisadora com o grupo e a pesquisa de campo, na qual foram aplicados questionários com questões abertas e, posteriormente, a realização de um grupo focal. As letras das bandas musicais do grupo foram analisadas e o tema nacionalismo foi verificado como o mais abordado pelas bandas, por isso, analisado neste trabalho. Foi constatado que as bandas musicais se posicionam mais emblematicamente em campo de atrito social e que elas são as propagadoras da ideologia dos Carecas do Subúrbio. Revelou-se que os integrantes do grupo acreditam que sua ideologia, que preza pelo nacionalismo e pelo tradicionalismo, seja a ideal para o país. Os Carecas acreditam que são os soldados da pátria e que, com sua ideologia, irão alcançar um Brasil melhor para todos. Acreditam ser os heróis nacionais e que a violência instituída no grupo é justificável, pois eles lutam pela ideologia que irá salvar os brasileiros de problemas em setores como educação, saúde, economia

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-04-17T14:12:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Katiusce Faccin Perufo.pdf: 5410809 bytes, checksum: 6d7d9f2656a1ca94b6a701cd7d0a53dc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T14:12:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Katiusce Faccin Perufo.pdf: 5410809 bytes, checksum: 6d7d9f2656a1ca94b6a701cd7d0a53dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-05 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta tese objetiva analisar a participação dos idosos na definição das políticas públicas pós Constituição Federal de 1988 e como se processa a atuação nas novas propostas de políticas e espaços de sociabilidade. Isso tudo baseado nas diversas sociabilidades que se fazem presentes no contexto do envelhecimento populacional. O olhar analítico foi orientado, principalmente, pelo conceito de "sociação" formulado por George Simmel, pelo conceito de "representações sociais", desenvolvido por Serge Moscovici, e pela formulação "tribos urbanas" de Michel Maffesoli. Para tanto, optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa com orientação analítico-descritiva, mediante amostra por conveniência e entrevistas semiestruturadas com 30 idosos de idades entre 65 e 76 anos, residentes na cidade de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são idosos pertencentes a grupos de convivência; idosos dirigentes de entidades representativas da velhice; idosos participantes de espaços culturais e locais públicos que se encontram ritualisticamente e idosos escolhidos aleatoriamente. Nesse sentido, identifica-se a ausência quase completa dos próprios idosos em meio às ações que visam promover a sua cidadania. Em contrapartida, as entidades representativas tendem a acumular maior capital social e adquirem maior confiança dos idosos que, muitas vezes se subtraem de estar à frente dos movimentos. Não obstante, os idosos, participantes de espaços culturais e dos grupos de convivência, ressignificam suas vidas e possuem traços que se considera como característicos das novas "tribos" da contemporaneidade. Face às sociabilidades, o voluntariado assume grande relevância entre eles, logo, buscam reconstituir-se enquanto novos sujeitos e assumem o protagonismo em suas vidas. Assim sendo, percebe-se que a construção homogênea de "ser idoso", parece perder força enquanto categoria explicativa, visto a heterogeneidade e a pluralidade do processo do envelhecer e, assim, uma "desmodelização" da velhice, a partir do significado construído pelo idoso, do seu próprio cotidiano. Diante disso, sugere-se a denominação "sênior" para os idosos do século XXI. / This thesis aims to analyze the participation of the elderly people in public policies definition after the Federal Constitution of 1988 and how the operation on the new proposals for political and social spaces happens. This is all based on some sociability that is present in the context of population aging. The analytical gaze was driven mainly by the concept of ‘association’ formulated by George Simmel, by the concept of ‘social representations’ developed by Serge Moscovici, and the wording ‘urban tribes’ by Michel Meffesoli. In order to do so, we opted for a qualitative research with analytical-descriptive orientation, through convenience sample and semi-structured interviews with 30 individuals aged between 65 and 76 years living in the city of Santa Maria, in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The research subjects are elderly people belonging to coexistence groups; elderly leaders of organizations representing the elderly citizens; elderly participants of cultural spaces and public places that meet each other ritualistically and seniors randomly chosen. In this sense, it is identified the almost complete absence of the elderly subjects themselves amidst the actions to promote their citizenship. In contrast, the representative entities tend to accumulate greater social capital and to acquire greater confidence of the elderly people who often fall outside of being ahead of the movement. Nevertheless, the elderly ones who take part in cultural spaces and groups of living give a new meaning to their lives and have traits that are considered as characteristic of the new ‘tribes’ of the contemporary age. Facing the sociability, the volunteering crew is of great importance among them, so they seek to reconstitute themselves as new subjects and to take the center stage so that they are the main actors of their lives. Therefore, it is perceived that a homogeneous construction of ‘being old’, seems to lose strength as an explanatory category, as the heterogeneity and plurality of the aging process and thus a ‘destruction of the model’ of old age, from the meaning constructed by the elderly one and his own daily life. Therefore, we suggest the ‘senior’ designation for the elderly people of the XXI century.