The purpose of this thesis is to identify, describe and develop the understanding of what aspects at work are important for individuals' identity construction. In this understanding-oriented study the empirical data consists of three different groups: middle managers, cultural workers and “Airis-managers”. I have interpreted and analysed the 75 respondents’ stories, and in their experiences found similar patterns. My conclusion is that there are different dimensions at work that may affect the identity construction. My research question: What is it about work that is experienced as important for individuals’ identity construction? can be answered with the five different identity-related dimensions that I have identified: the enabling dimension, the legitimating dimension, the strengthening dimension, the touching dimension and the constraining dimension. All these dimensions, except the constraining dimension, contribute positively to identity construction. The constraining dimension can be compensated if the other positively confirming dimensions dominate. The identity construction for each individual appears different depending on what dimensions he/she experiences. That is why work’s impacts on the individual's identity construction vary. In order to illustrate the developed typology of identity-related dimensions, I created a model that aims to facilitate understanding of what aspects at work that may be important for the personal identity. When raising awareness of these dimensions, efforts to strengthen the most important dimensions can be made. Through their leadership and ways of organizing work, managers may influence their employees’ opportunities to construct and strengthen their identity. Much of the identity research discusses the more conscious identity work. In my third study my empirical data consists of managers’ who have brought artists into their organizations, i.e. conducted an artistic intervention called Airis. My interpretation is that implementing an artistic intervention can be considered as a way to challenge and develop the managers’ identity and be a part of their identity work. This thesis deals with “identity at work” (to reconnect to the title). People seldom discuss “identity construction” but that does not mean that identity issues are unimportant. On the contrary, people often talk about their jobs and their work experiences. What this "talk" really means is what this thesis highlights: Identity is constructed and confirmed at work, especially when others are told about the work-related experiences.

Tidigare forskning har visat att tidspress och arbetsbelastning som vi i denna studie kallar pressfaktorer är vanliga orsaker till arbetsrelaterad stress för revisorer. Forskning har även visat att långvarig stress är ett växande folkhälsoproblem som kan få förödande konsekvenser om man inte hanterar den. Något som oss veterligen inte är beforskat är hur sambandet mellan pressfaktorer och arbetsrelaterad stress påverkas av fysisk aktivitet.      Syftet med denna studie är att förklara hur sambandet mellan revisorers pressfaktorer och arbetsrelaterad stress påverkas av fysisk aktivitet. För att uppnå syftet har litteratur som behandlar tidspress, arbetsbelastning, arbetsrelaterad stress och fysisk aktivitet använts. Det har konstruerats tre hypoteser utifrån tidigare forskning. För att testa hypoteserna användes en webbaserad enkätundersökning riktad till personer som arbetar inom revision.   Studien visar att tidspress och arbetsbelastning är förklarande faktorer till arbetsrelaterad stress för revisorer. Däremot visar resultatet inte att fysisk aktivitet har en modererande effekt på det positiva sambandet mellan pressfaktorer och arbetsrelaterad stress. Resultaten visar dock att fysisk aktivitet har en mildrande effekt direkt kopplat till den arbetsrelaterade stressen.   Studiens viktigaste bidrag är att ge ökad insikt till revisionsbranschen om att sambandet mellan pressfaktorer och arbetsrelaterad stress är vanligt förekommande vilket kan få revisionsbyråer att rikta fokus på att hitta lösningar för att minska arbetsrelaterad stress. Dessutom bidrar studien till ökad kunskap till samhället i stort om stress som ett växande folkhälsoproblem, att fysisk aktivitet har flera positiva hälsoeffekter samt kan användas för att minska arbetsrelaterad stress. / Previous research has shown that time pressure and workload, which in this study are referred to as pressure factors, are common reasons for work-related stress for auditors. Research has also shown that prolonged stress is a growing public health issue that may lead to severe consequences if not addressed. As far as we are aware, there has yet to be any research conducted in regard to the association between pressure factors and work-related stress and how it is affected by physical activity   The aim of this study is to explain how the association between pressure factors and work-related stress is affected by physical activity. To achieve this aim, we have used literature covering time pressure, workload, work-related stress and physical activity. Three hypotheses have been constructed using previous research. To test the hypotheses a web-based survey was used, aimed specifically toward employed auditors.   Our study shows that time pressure and workload are explanatory factors to work related stress for auditors. However, the result does not point to physical activity having a moderating effect on the positive relation between pressure factors and work-related stress. The results do however show that physical activity directly connected to the work-related stress has a mitigating effect.   The most important contribution of the study is to give an increased insight to the auditing profession that the relation between pressure factors and work-related stress is indeed common which could help auditing firms to focus on finding solutions to reduce work-related stress. Our study also adds knowledge to society as a whole, that stress is a growing public health issue and that physical activity has a wide variety of positive health benefits and may be used to decrease work-related stress.

No description available.

A Síndrome de Burnout entre os profissionais da área da saúde vem sendo estudada em vários países e sua associação com transtornos depressivos tem sido relatada por vários estudos. Os resultados indicam validade para o burnout, diferenciando-o da depressão e por outro lado, associação dos índices de burnout e a sintomatologia depressiva. O Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey (MBI-HSS) é o instrumento mais utilizado para avaliar o burnout. A estrutura de três fatores do MBI tem sido confirmada em várias amostras de diversos países. Entretanto, não encontramos estudos investigando a influência da depressão nas características psicométricas do MBI-HSS. Portanto, neste estudo, investigamos a validade do MBI-HSS em uma amostra de 521 auxiliares de enfermagem de um hospital universitário utilizando a análise fatorial exploratória, análise fatorial confirmatória e consistência interna pelo alfa de Cronbach. A amostra total foi dividida em um grupo com depressão maior e outro sem depressão maior. Tanto a amostra total, quanto as subamostras apresentaram elevados valores de alfa de Cronbach para a subescala de esgotamento emocional e valores intermediários para as subescalas de realização pessoal e de despersonalização. A análise do gráfico Scree plot, diferente da análise fatorial exploratória sem fixar os fatores, indicou a solução de três fatores, como na versão original da MBI-HSS. Fixando-se em três fatores, a análise fatorial exploratória revelou maior carga fatorial em Esgotamento Emocional (EE) de dois itens de Despersonalização (DE) na subamostra com depressão maior, mas não na subamostra sem depressão maior. Diferentemente, os itens 6 e 16 de EE apresentaram maior carga fatorial em DE na subamostra sem depressão mas não a amostra com depressão. Nossos resultados indicam que a presença de depressão maior pode influenciar as propriedades psicométricas da MBI-HSS. Sugerimos que pesquisadores considerem a avaliação da validade da MBI-HSS na amostra em questão anteriormente ao uso do MBI-HSS, incluindo a avaliação dos indivíduos com e sem depressão separadamente. / The burnout syndrome among health professionals has been studied in several countries and its association with depressive disorders have been reported by several studies. The results indicate validity for burnout, differentiating it from depression and on the other hand, association between burnout and depressive symptomatology. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey (MBI-HSS) has been the most used instrument to evaluate burnout. The three-factor structure of the MBI has been confirmed in several samples from different countries. However, we did not find studies investigating the influence of depression on the psychometric characteristics of the MBI-HSS. Therefore, we investigated the validity of the MBI-HSS in a sample of 521 nursing assistants in a university hospital using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency (Cronbachs alpha coefficient). The total sample was divided into a group with major depression and one without major depression. Both the total sample and the subsamples showed high values of Cronbach\'s alpha for the subscale of emotional exhaustion and intermediate values for the subscales of personal accomplishment and depersonalization. The Scree plot analysis, unlike exploratory factor analysis without fixing the factors, indicated the three-factor solution, as in the original MBI-HSS. Settling into three factors, the exploratory factor analysis revealed the highest load factor in Emotional Exhaustion (EE) of two items in the subsample of Depersonalization (DE) with major depression but not in the subsample without major depression. In contrast, items 6 and 16 of EE had higher factor loading in DE in the subsample without depression but not in the sample with depression. Our results indicate that the presence of major depression may influence the psychometric properties of the MBI-HSS. We suggest that researchers consider the evaluation of the validity of the MBI-HSS in the sample prior to the use of the MBI-HSS, including assessment of individuals with and without depression separately

INTRODUÇÃO: Os trabalhadores dos Serviços de Nutrição Hospitalar são submetidos às exigências físicas, cognitivas e psíquicas que levam à distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo foi implantar ações de melhorias nas situações de trabalho de um serviço de nutrição hospitalar e avaliar a percepção dos trabalhadores e as repercussões sobre os sintomas osteomusculares. MÉTODO: Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida em um hospital público especializado em cardiologia, localizado em São Paulo, Brasil, após aprovação pelo comitê de ética da instituição. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da aplicação de questionários e análise ergonômica do trabalho. Os questionários continham dados sócio-demográficos, história ocupacional, situação de trabalho atual, sintomas osteomusculares e satisfação no trabalho. Do total de 130 trabalhadores, 115 participaram voluntariamente. A análise ergonômica do trabalho foi efetuada de acordo com Guérin et al (2001), sendo realizadas entrevistas, medições do ambiente da cozinha e análises biomecânicas. A partir dos resultados foram implantadas ações de intervenção baseadas na ergonomia participativa durante um ano. Após esta fase, 89 (77%) trabalhadores responderam novamente ao questionário, sendo incluídas perguntas sobre a percepção das modificações. A análise dos dados incluiu testes estatísticos para verificar se houve mudança da prevalência de sintomas antes e após as intervenções, com nível de significância de 5%, por meio dos Programas SPSS 13.0 e Excel 2003. Além disso, foram analisados os dados de percepção dos trabalhadores e dos especialistas em ergonomia sobre o impacto das melhorias na saúde e no processo de trabalho. RESULTADOS: A população constitui-se, em sua maioria, por mulheres, na faixa etária de 25 a 34 anos, com grau médio de escolaridade, casadas, com filhos, e ocupavam o cargo de atendente de nutrição. A maioria trabalhava de 5 a 10 anos no hospital e em jornada de trabalho de 40 horas semanais. Os principais problemas observados foram espaço físico reduzido, equipamentos e materiais de trabalho inadequados, absenteísmo e déficit de pessoal, volume excessivo de trabalho com elevado esforço mental, alta prevalência de sintomas osteomusculares, principalmente nos membros inferiores e ombros. Após as intervenções realizadas, houve melhoria na situação de trabalho com redução nos sintomas osteomusculares e os trabalhadores perceberam as seguintes mudanças nas situações de trabalho: melhoria na iluminação e no controle do ar condicionado, aquisição de batedeira de tamanho médio, conserto de equipamentos, substituição dos pratos de vidro por descartáveis, aquisição de cadeiras, introdução de pausas durante a jornada de trabalho, ginástica laboral e treinamento em liderança para as chefias. Neste período houve ampliação no número de leitos do hospital com conseqüente aumento no volume de trabalho e diminuição da satisfação no trabalho associados à crise financeira da instituição com suspensão de contratações e da compra de materiais e equipamentos. CONCLUSÕES: As intervenções repercutiram em melhorias, principalmente quanto ao ambiente e equipamentos, e na redução dos sintomas osteomusculares nos membros inferiores, ombros, pescoço/região cervical, antebraço e região lombar, apesar desta redução não ter sido estatisticamente significativa. / INTRODUCTION: Hospital food service workers have high level of physical, cognitive and mental demands that are associated with musculoskeletal disorders. The objective of this study was to introduce improvements in the working conditions in a hospital food service and to evaluate the workers perceptions and its effects on musculoskeletal symptoms. METHOD: this study was performed in a public cardiac hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, after its approval by the Ethics Committee. The data were collected by questionnaires and ergonomic analysis of the work. The questionnaire included: socio-demographic, workhistory, work conditions, musculoskeletal symptoms and job satisfaction. A hundred and fifteen questionnaries were applied from 130 workers. The work ergonomic analysis was carried out in accordance with Guérin et al (2001), by means of interviews, observations of kitchen working conditions and biomechanical analyses. Based on the results, interventions have been undertaken by means of a participatory ergonomic approach over one year. After this, another ergonomic analysis was carried out and 89 workers (77%) answered a new questionnaire that also included questions about their perception of the improvements. Data analysis was done by statistical tests to verify symptom prevalences before and after the interventions with a 5% level of significance. SPSS 13.0 and Excel 2003 software was used. RESULTS: The workers were women in the 25-34 age-group, had secondary education, were married, had children and occupied the position of nutrition attendants. They were in this hospital for from 5 to 10 years and on a 40 hour working week schedule. Most of problems observed were reduced space, inadequate equipment and work materials, absenteeism, insufficient number of workers, great volume of work with mental demands, high prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms mainly in lower members and shoulders. After the improvements in working conditions, the symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders reduced and the workers perceived the following changes in the work process: better lighting and control of air conditioning, acquisition of low capacity mixer, repair of equipment, use of disposable utensils instead of glass plates, acquisition of more chairs, introduction of breaks during working hours, work related gymnastics, workshops for leadership training. In this period the number of hospital beds was increased with a corresponding intensification of the work load and a decline on job satisfaction. The hospital was in a financial crisis with consequences in terms of the hiring of personnel and the acquisition of equipment and materials. CONCLUSION: Interventions brought improvements mainly as regards the work environment and equipment and in the reduction of musculoskeletal symptoms in the lower members, shoulders, neck/cervical region, forearm and lumbar region, though this reduction has not been statistically significant.

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2018-03-15T13:45:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIANA PEREIRA DA SILVA.pdf: 1495567 bytes, checksum: cfe3269f86ef6ee276b2a7ebc6ca324d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-15T13:45:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIANA PEREIRA DA SILVA.pdf: 1495567 bytes, checksum: cfe3269f86ef6ee276b2a7ebc6ca324d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-30 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / This dissertation presents the results of an ?intervention-research?, which is so named due to the relevance of the intervention in the whole process. In this way, the objectives were to promote an intervention in a reflection group about work and health with workers from an automobile industry and to analyze the health-disease process experienced by them. It was attended by 14 workers from the same company whose form of organization of work and the productive processes is characteristic of Toyotism, a model of organization that stimulates individualism, competitiveness, outsourcing, flexibility and thus may favor the processes of work-related mental disorders. These workers shared their daily experiences related to work and reflected on them in a group, performed at CEREST in Campinas ? SP, over 11 meetings, during the period of six months. The group had an open character and was built together to the participants. The information shared by them showed that, initially, they wanted a lot to join the company, and while being admitted, they felt they have achieved a dream. During time, however, that dream has become a nightmare, as they experienced a context of psychological violence and demands for a high rate of production, which ended up favoring the development of physical injuries. As a result, the work-related mental suffering was intensified, as the injured workers were excluded, humiliated and reinserted to work in incompatible functions. In this sense, in the reflection group, subjects such as work under capitalism, flexible speech, the workers? guilt for illness, their life stories, new life projects, the union and solidarity among them, among other examples were discussed through conversation wheels and use of mediating materiality. It is possible to say that this kind of group assisted in the promotion of elements for the development of more critical reflections by the workers, who closed the meetings feeling less blame, stronger, united, in solidarity to each other, more active and responsible for social transformation. / Esta disserta??o apresenta os resultados de uma ?interven??o-pesquisa?, que est? sendo assim denominada devido ? relev?ncia da interven??o em todo o processo. Desse modo, os objetivos foram promover uma interven??o em um grupo de reflex?o sobre trabalho e sa?de com trabalhadores de uma ind?stria automobil?stica e analisar o processo de sa?de-adoecimento vivenciado por eles. Participaram 14 trabalhadores de uma mesma empresa, cuja forma de organiza??o do trabalho e dos processos produtivos ? caracter?stica do Toyotismo, um modelo de organiza??o que estimula o individualismo, a competitividade, a terceiriza??o, a flexibiliza??o e, assim, pode favorecer os processos de adoecimento mental relacionados ao trabalho. Tais trabalhadores compartilharam suas viv?ncias cotidianas relacionadas ao trabalho e refletiram sobre elas em um grupo, realizado no CEREST de Campinas - SP, ao longo de 11 encontros, durante o per?odo de seis meses. O grupo tinha um car?ter aberto e foi constru?do juntamente aos participantes. As informa??es compartilhadas por eles mostraram que, inicialmente, desejavam muito ingressar na empresa e, ao serem admitidos, sentiam ter realizado um sonho. Com o passar do tempo, no entanto, esse sonho se tornou pesadelo, na medida em que vivenciavam um contexto de viol?ncia psicol?gica e exig?ncias por alto ritmo de produ??o, o que acabava favorecendo o desenvolvimento de les?es f?sicas. Com isso, o sofrimento mental relacionado ao trabalho foi se intensificando, pois os trabalhadores lesionados eram exclu?dos, humilhados e reinseridos ao trabalho em fun??es incompat?veis. Nesse sentido, no grupo de reflex?o, se discutiu, por meio de rodas de conversa e utiliza??o de materialidades mediadoras, temas como o trabalho no capitalismo, o discurso flex?vel, a culpabiliza??o dos trabalhadores pelo adoecimento, suas hist?rias de vida, novos projetos de vida, a uni?o e a solidariedade entre eles, entre outros exemplos. Pode-se dizer que essa modalidade de grupo auxiliou na promo??o de elementos para o desenvolvimento de reflex?es mais cr?ticas pelos trabalhadores, que encerraram os encontros sentindo-se menos culpados, mais fortalecidos, unidos, solid?rios uns aos outros, mais ativos e respons?veis pela transforma??o social.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:28:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Alessandro Kawamura.pdf: 1969272 bytes, checksum: 9762b225d255615a0801c5b2cdf4ae1d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-09 / This dissertation, situated in the line of "Research and Prevention Psychological Intervention" from the "Graduate Program stricto sensu of the Pontifical Catholic University - Campinas", intends to explicit the effects of the reorganization of work and the power to act on the mental health of teachers in public education. From the daily life of a municipal school in infant education in the city of Campinas in contrast to what occurs in most of the city schools, achieves very positive results not only in relation to quality of education but the health of their professional - this paper discusses a group of workers who for approximately a decade (re)invented a way to sustain a vitalizing work in collectively developed actions.. By focusing on Mental Health Work-Related and using the ethnographic method and reflexive interviews, We intended to discuss, given the context of our current public school model, as has consolidated this process in order to achieve a better understanding about the mental wear and the dynamics of the health-disease process in relation to the formative experiences, the interpretations of these professionals on the teaching practice, the development of their practices, the subversion of utilitarian models of education, solidarity and the need for communion between work and educational action by emancipatory bias. / A presente disserta??o, situada na linha de Pesquisa Preven??o e Interven??o Psicol?gica do Programa de P?s-gradua??o Stricto Sensu da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, visa explicitar os efeitos da reorganiza??o do trabalho e do poder de agir na sa?de mental de docentes no ensino p?blico. A partir do cotidiano de uma escola municipal de educa??o infantil na cidade de Campinas - que diferentemente do que ocorre em boa parte das escolas desta mesma rede, alcan?a resultados muito positivos n?o apenas no que se refere ? qualidade do ensino, mas na sa?de de seus profissionais -, este trabalho discorre sobre um grupo de trabalhadoras que durante aproximadamente uma d?cada (re)inventou uma forma de trabalho vitalizante sustentada nas a??es desenvolvidas coletivamente. Por meio do enfoque da Sa?de Mental Relacionada ao Trabalho (SMRT) e utilizando o m?todo etnogr?fico e entrevistas reflexivas, buscamos discutir, diante do contexto de nosso atual modelo de escola p?blica, como se consolidou tal processo com vistas a um melhor entendimento sobre o desgaste mental e a din?mica do processo sa?de-doen?a no ambiente laboral em rela??o ?s experi?ncias de forma??o, ?s interpreta??es dessas profissionais diante do exerc?cio do magist?rio, ao desenvolvimento de suas pr?ticas, ? subvers?o dos modelos de educa??o utilitaristas, ? solidariedade e ? necessidade de comunh?o entre trabalho e a??o educativa pelo vi?s emancipat?rio.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:28:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FABIANO GALBIATTI.pdf: 953117 bytes, checksum: 46929cc6b53b293c05e9beb393178beb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-26 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas / This dissertation, situated in the line of Research and Prevention Psychological Intervention from the Graduate Program stricto sensu of the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, intends to investigate the ?power to act? in workers of the Social Assistance Specialized Reference Center (CREAS). For this purpose, a brief historical review of social assistance policies was produced in order to understand the current scenario, marked by neoliberal reforms. The study, from an ethnographic inspiration, there was basically through three stages. At first, the researcher followed meetings with the CREAS team. For each meeting it was developed a Field Diary. In the second, the researcher conducted reflexive interviews with four workers. The third and last, was developed the interpretation, analysis and discussion of the collected material in the previous steps. This process revealed the constant changes that the work in public service suffers according to Social Assistance policies in the municipality and its relationship with neoliberal processes in the broadest sense. If, on the one hand, despite this context, the workers have the capacity to also turn on and organize their activities, giving new meanings, collectively, on the other, it was observed that the mental strain is present in their daily lives. It seems to be associated to the numerous impediments to the realization of the work activity raised by management, as well as the workload related to the nature of services to families who have suffered violations of their rights. To handle these situations, the workers take more individual tactics rather than a collective organization. / A presente disserta??o, situada na linha de Pesquisa Preven??o e Interven??o Psicol?gica do Programa de P?s-gradua??o Stricto Sensu da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, busca investigar o poder de agir de trabalhadoras do Centro de Refer?ncia Especializado de Assist?ncia Social (CREAS) de um munic?pio do interior do estado de S?o Paulo. Para tanto, realizou-se um breve resgate hist?rico das pol?ticas de assist?ncia social, a fim de entender o atual cen?rio, marcado pelas reformas neoliberais. O estudo, de inspira??o etnogr?fica, deu-se, basicamente, atrav?s de tr?s etapas. Na primeira, o pesquisador acompanhou reuni?es junto ? equipe do CREAS. Para cada reuni?o foi desenvolvido um Di?rio de Campo. Na segunda, o pesquisador realizou entrevistas reflexivas com quatro trabalhadoras. Na terceira e ?ltima, realizou-se a interpreta??o, an?lise e discuss?o do material levantado nas etapas anteriores. Este processo revelou as constantes mudan?as que o trabalho nesse servi?o p?blico sofre de acordo com as pol?ticas de Assist?ncia Social no munic?pio e sua rela??o com processos neoliberais mais amplos. Se, por um lado, apesar desse contexto, as trabalhadoras possuem relativa capacidade de tamb?m transformar e organizar suas atividades, atribuindo novos sentidos, coletivamente, por outro, observou-se que o desgaste mental est? presente no seu cotidiano. Ele parece estar associado aos in?meros impedimentos para a realiza??o da atividade de trabalho colocados pela gest?o, bem como pela carga de trabalho relacionada ? natureza do atendimento a fam?lias que sofreram viola??es de seus direitos. Para lidar com essas situa??es, as trabalhadoras se valem mais de t?ticas individuais do que de uma organiza??o coletiva.

The higher education system has undergone considerable change in the past fifty years. Increasing the number of students enrolled in university has been a focus of these changes. Despite the governments’ attempts in reducing the social class gap, there exist very large differences in those applying for r higher education. It seems despite the large socio-economic gap and the elitist image of attending university, UK government policies have not provided suitable support to reduce this gap. The level of concern over this subject has varied across different governments which could possibly have effects on young people’s transition from school across the different social classes. This thesis will address the difference between the New Labour and the Coalition governments’ level of attention to the issue of working class under-representation in universities and the policies they have developed to tackle it. It then investigates the effects of selected schemes designed to widen participation and explains how and why they are assumed to contribute to the reduction of the class gap in higher education participation. This study uses the dataset Longitudinal Study of Young People in England (LSYPE) to explore the relationship between attending widening access schemes and the likelihood of attending university during the New Labour office term. In doing so, and due to the shortage of direct measurements of state-funded widening participation programs, the analysis in this research uses school engagement activities as proxies. Additionally to provide an intergenerational comparison, given the differences in both data and policy environment, this research analyses the British Cohort Study 1970 data in order to provide further insights regarding the effectiveness of the then school engagement activities on university attendance. In other words, can the activities used to widen participation then provide greater insight into the kinds of programmes that might be effective in raising working class university participation? In turn this analysis provides the basis for an in-depth policy discussion of the issue.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:30:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafaela Aparecida Cocchiola Silva.pdf: 1379763 bytes, checksum: d9169bc2e127b4e663e564ed9fc381ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work had the intention to understand the mental disorders in political discussions focused on the health of the worker and the inclusion of this diagnostic category as a group of disease caused or triggered by conditions and labor relations. The proposal is based on theoretical and methodological perspective in the Social Discursive Psychology constructionist strand where the research assumes that knowledge is a collective enterprise, and thus a social practice. The theme of mental disorders in a professional context is an old subject in specialized literature, it is possible to find texts were mental disorders such as depression resulting from the use of substances harmful to health, were described in Ancient times. We can also find studies on mental disorders in the 1950s in France on the neurosis of the telephone. However, in Brazil, mental disorders were recognized as a group of diseases related to work only in 1999 by Decree 3048, which were divided in a set of 12 diagnostic categories and their etiologic agents or risk factors of occupational origin. It is argued that the inclusion of mental disorders and work-related illness stems from a confluence of factors which have allowed the expansion of the concept of health, seen not only as the absence of disease. Another important fact were the advances around the social prejudice against the subject of mental disorders and refining ways to recognize the causal connection based on the methodology of the Nexus Technical Epidemiological Welfare (NTEP), implemented by Social Security in 2007 for granting welfare benefits. The entry of mental disorders in policies on workers' health was examined considering the difficulties in recognizing the link between work and disease from the perspective of the three Conferences National Occupational Health. The debate about mental disorders was included on the agenda for health policy geared to the employee specifically in the 2nd CSNT held in 1994, and discussed that the difficulties of this recognition by both unionists and workers, were related to the peculiar characteristics of mental illnesses viewed as a source of individual illness and not as a consequence of the conditions and labor relations. Such a conception of individual determinants of mental disorders permeated the difficulties of recognizing the causal relationship, understood as the object of disputes and set of interests among the actors involved in the recognition of this issue as a work related disease, taken here as forms of regulation by biopower / Este trabalho teve por foco entender os transtornos mentais nas discussões políticas voltadas à saúde do trabalhador e a inclusão dessa categoria diagnóstica como um grupo de doença decorrente ou desencadeada pelas condições e relações de trabalho. A proposta se fundamenta na perspectiva teórico-metodológica da Psicologia Social Discursiva na vertente construcionista em que as pesquisas assumem que o conhecimento é um empreendimento coletivo, e, portanto, uma prática social. A temática dos transtornos mentais no âmbito profissional é assunto antigo na literatura especializada, sendo possível localizar textos em que patologias mentais, como a depressão decorrente do manuseio de substâncias nocivas à saúde, foram descritas na Antiguidade. Também podem ser localizados estudos sobre os transtornos mentais na década de 1950 na França sobre a neurose das telefonistas. Entretanto, no Brasil, os transtornos mentais foram reconhecidos como um grupo de doenças relacionadas ao trabalho somente em 1999, pelo Decreto 3.048, em que foram discriminados um conjunto de 12 categorias diagnósticas e seus respectivos agentes etiológicos ou fatores de risco de origem ocupacional. Argumenta-se que a inclusão dos transtornos mentais como doença relacionada ao trabalho decorre da confluência de fatores que propiciaram a ampliação da noção de saúde, vista não apenas como ausência de doença; dos avanços sociais em torno do preconceito em relação à temática dos transtornos mentais e do aprimoramento das formas de reconhecimento do nexo causal a partir da metodologia do Nexo Técnico Epidemiológico Previdenciário (NTEP), implantado pela Previdência Social em 2007 para a concessão dos benefícios previdenciários. A entrada dos transtornos mentais nas políticas voltadas à saúde dos trabalhadores foi analisada considerando as dificuldades em se reconhecer o nexo entre trabalho e a doença na perspectiva das três Conferencias Nacionais de Saúde do Trabalhador (CNST). O debate sobre os transtornos mentais foi incluído na agenda política de saúde voltada ao trabalhador especificamente na 2ª CSNT, realizada em 1994, sendo discutido que as dificuldades desse reconhecimento tanto pelos sindicalistas quanto pelos próprios trabalhadores relacionavam-se às características peculiares das doenças mentais vistas como forma de adoecimento e de origem exclusivamente individual e não como decorrente das condições e relações de trabalho. Tal concepção sobre determinantes individuais dos transtornos mentais permeavam as dificuldades do reconhecimento do nexo causal, entendidos como objeto de disputas e jogo de interesses entre os atores envolvidos no processo de reconhecimento desta temática como doença relacionada ao trabalho, tomados neste estudo como formas de regulação pelo biopoder