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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

大台北地區不動產住宅市場區隔研究 / Research of Real Estate in Main Taipei Area on the Market Segmentation

張天立 Unknown Date (has links)
近年來,台灣逐漸步入高齡社會的狀況,致使政府開始推動「以房養老」政策,以便讓老人可以安度晚年。而這樣對於房子或土地等不動產的新觀念,已逐漸普及化至國人的觀念,而且也逐漸衝擊不動產住宅市場的買賣趨勢。以房地產經濟的角度來看,房地產業不僅可以帶動國內金融、製造、營建、傳統等相關產業的持續發展,進而可以帶動國內總體經濟的上揚,無論從國家經濟面或企業經營面而言,房地產的市場趨勢對於國內經濟或企業經營都具有相當程度的影響,若國內房地產市場價格未能合理達到民眾期待之際,此時房市銷售可能會受到影響,連帶也會影響到企業的永續經營目標。因此,不動產住宅買賣的景氣與否,對於整體經濟復甦或企業持續成長都具有關鍵的影響,故針對其一方向的研究對於市場發展應具有其貢獻。 本研究引用不動產資訊平台上的資訊,收集大台北地區之不動產住宅市場指標資料,利用統計分析及集群分析,找出大台北地區的住宅市場區隔,以利未來不動產企業開發決策的參考,其結論整理如下: 一、 台北市近一年的每季平均買賣筆數以中山區居冠; 二、 新北市近一年的每季平均買賣筆數以淡水區居冠; 三、 台北市不動產住宅移轉以住宅或住商混合區為較高; 四、 淡水區是新北市住宅移轉筆數較多的行政區; 五、 中正區及大同區是以小坪數的住宅為主; 六、 淡水區的住宅市場移轉熱度已開始退燒。
32

檢討我國保險業投資不動產監理制度及相關法規—以裁罰案為中心

謝孟珂 Unknown Date (has links)
近年來,由於經濟不景氣及市場上之不確定因素,使得投資不動產成為保險業資金投入的新興熱門標的。因投資不動產之行為涉及憲法所保障之財產權,如非有特殊事由不得加以限制。保險法第146條亦有規定不動產為保險業得投資之法定項目之一。惟於現行相關法規規範下,保險業投資發展空間受到限制。究監理機關於此所扮演之角色為何?監理目標為何?於現行法制下,相關法規是否妥適合理等問題,皆有待探求。又隨著不動產投資投入之資金日趨增加,保險業者受裁罰之案例亦較過去為多。究過去裁罰當中,主管機關之處分有無不妥適之處,以及保險業者於投資不動產之相關缺失中,是否有可改善之空間,為本文所欲探討之目標。 / In recent years, real estate has become an increasingly popular investment target for insurers’due to uncertainties in the market and the economic downturn. Legally, investing in real estate is a constitutional right to property and protected specifically by the Insurance Act, Article 146. It cannot be infringed upon unless for specific, legitimate reasons. However, current regulations put a fair amount of limitation on investment in real estate. The adequacy of these regulations, as well as the goals and roles of our supervision system, is to be discussed. In addition, there are a growing number of administrative sanctions as insurance companies put more and more funds in real estate. This article also attempts to investigate if these penalties were appropriate and if there’s room for improvement on the insurers’ part.
33

不動產仲介法律問題之研究

簡佩如, CHIEN, PEI-JU Unknown Date (has links)
不動產仲介契約由來已久,民國八十五年到八十八年間政府制訂各種不動產經紀業之相關法規及不動產仲介契約範本,以求衡平仲介人與買賣雙方當事人間法律關係。 對於不動產仲介契約法律性質究竟屬於居間契約抑或是委任契約,學說屢屢爭執不下,反映在實務上亦無法達成共識。然此定性卻為實務審於契約條款適法性之前提要件,因此,本文首要討論的即是不動產仲介契約之法律關係,究為何屬。除此之外,傳統的居間契約,通說均認為係屬單務契約,本文認為在仲介人負有積極活動義務下,似有深究之必要。 其次,本文以為現行的契約範本,仍有若干約款無法清楚界定當事人間權利義務關係,實有加以討論及修改之必要。再者,消費者欲透過不動產仲介業者尋找適當的交易相對人,除仲介人擁有較多之交易資訊外,更看重仲介人本身之專業與經驗,因此不動產仲介人對於標的物現況說明書之解說及調查義務更顯的重要,而仲介人應與調查之項目為何,調查之射程範圍均有詳述之必要。更有甚者,針對「斡旋金」及「要約書」相關法律問題,亦為本文討論之重點。 除契約責任外,消費者保護法第七條無過失責任是否適用於一切服務,素有爭議;縱使認為不動產仲介業者居於服務提供者之地位,應依消費者保護法對於一般消費者就其服務負擔無過失責任,所負擔之責任範圍應如何界定,是否會與賣方所應負擔之責任發生重疊。上述種種問題,本文均分別一一釐清,希冀一方面加深消費者對於仲介契約之瞭解以減少訟累,並建議相關修正提供仲介業者參考,以真正落實契約公平正義之要求,另一方面就目前實務上所發生之問題,歸納提出可能之解決方式,期望能夠對於不動產仲介實務,提供符合時代潮流之資訊。
34

不動產投資風險衡量之研究

黃瓊瑩, Huang , Chiung-ying Unknown Date (has links)
由於國民財富增加,對於不動產投資一事越來越熱衷,房屋不再只是供人居住使用,而成為重要的投資工具之一,但一般購屋投資者只考量投資『報酬』,卻忽略其『風險』,且由於傳統上對於投資不動產之風險只能以報酬率的標準差或變異數作計算,僅能知道其風險高或低,並不能夠確實知道其『風險值』,此外,投資者必須有分散風險之觀念,選擇適合的投資工具,以建立最佳的投資組合來分散風險。 本文以『市場風險』為主,並以『購屋者投資』角度,探討國內外衡量不動產投資風險之估計方法、模型,找出風險因子以建立一套衡量不動產投資風險因子之模式,並估計風險值,以評估投資之可行性。以1975第1季年至2003年第4季之預售屋平均房價季資料為主軸之時間範圍,並以台北市為研究的地理範圍,以預售屋住宅為研究標的,並以購屋消費者角色作分析,運用各種風險衡量方法,包括樣本變異數法、指數加權移動平均法、GRACH模型、歷史模擬方法、蒙地卡羅結構法、拔靴法、GRACH-拔靴法及VAR-拔靴法等估計風險值。 本文之實證結果顯示: 一、以考量風險因子之VAR模型Ⅰ-拔靴法及VAR模型Ⅱ-拔靴法所估計之風險值最小,表示投資淨值一千萬元,有5﹪的機率可能的最大損失會大於591,218元或577,564元。 二、以未考量風險因子之歷史模擬法及GARCH-拔靴法所估計風險值較大,表示投資淨值一千萬,有5﹪的機率可能的最大損失會大於2,816,827元或2,344,946元,因此,考量風險因子之VAR模型-拔靴法為較適當之模型,因有考量影響風險之因子,較能準確估計出實際之風險值。 三、假設個案中估計調整後報酬率,在95﹪的信賴水準之下,未考慮風險因子模型估計之調整後報酬率為1.80﹪及2.32﹪,即持有一季後,調整後報酬約18及23萬元左右,而以考量風險因子之模型估計之調整後報酬率為2.37﹪及2.38﹪,即持有一季後報酬約24萬元左右。 四、顯示投資組合於三種不同之投資工具時,當投資預售屋比例較大時,風險值是較小,而投資營建股價比例較大時,其風險值是較大。 / As a result of national wealth increased, regarded real estate investment more and more desires, houses not only supply to live but also become one of investment tool, but general purchase investors only considered invest return but ignored risk at invest, as a result of traditional just estimated standard or variance of return represented risk, just to know the high or low of risk, but should not indeed to know the value at risk, investors must had concept of diversification, choose a appropriate investment tool and built the better portfolio to decrease risk. The current thesis was considered market risk and designed to examine the method or model of measure real estate risk, and looked for risk factors to build a set of model of real estate investment risk factors, and estimated value at risk to evaluate the feasible of investment. The current thesis used dates of time range are from 1975Q1 to 2003Q4, geography range is Taipei, pre-sales residential housing, and role of purchase consumer, apply many kinds of methods of measure risk, including Sample Variance, Exponentially Weighted Moving Average, Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity(GRACH), Historical Simulation Method, Monte Carlo Simulation, Classical Bootstrap, GARCH-Bootstrap and VAR-Bootstrap, to estimate value at risk. The empirical result showed that the first, there had minimum value at risk by considering VAR-Bootstrap of risk factors, represented investitive net value are NT 10,000,000, maximum loss of 5﹪probability will greater than NT 591,218 or NT 577,564. Secondly, there are bigger value at risk by Historical Simulation Method of risk-factors free, represented investitive net value are NT 10,000,000, maximum loss of 5﹪probability will greater than NT 2,816,827 or NT 2,344,946. So used considering VAR-Bootstrap of risk factors were more appropriated model, because model of considering risk factors were able to accurate estimate reality value at risk. The third, case study estimated adjusted return, at 95﹪confidence level, risk-factors estimated rate of adjusted return were 2.37﹪and 2.38﹪, hold one quarterly period the return about two hundred and forty thousand dollars, If we have not consider risk-factors, estimated rate of adjusted return were 1.80﹪and 2.32﹪, hold one quarterly period the return about one hundred and eighty thousand dollars or two hundred and thirty thousand dollars. The last, invest portfolio three kinds of investment tool, if invest ratio of pre-sales residential housing were bigger, then value at risk were smaller, and if invest ratio of construct stock were bigger, then value at risk were bigger.
35

不動產估價師與地價人員估值決定行為之研究 / A study on valuation behavior of appraisers and assessors

徐詩怡, Hsu,Shih I Unknown Date (has links)
不動產估價為一連串的估值決定行為下,所得之結果。不動產估價過程並非絕對的理論,而存在非規範性的自我主觀,此種特質正是行為研究方法可著力之處。 本文運用行為研究方法,以基準地查估為平台,在相同的估價制度和規範,比較基礎一致的情形下,探討公部門的地價人員與私部門的不動產估價師之估值決定行為,試圖探究兩者行為決策模式是否有所不同。並進一步分析,若估值決定行為存有差異,該差異是否影響估值準確程度。 研究採實驗方式進行,結果顯示,不動產估價師與地價人員於估價過程中,所為估值決定有所不同。透過本實驗觀察,估價師較符合本研究設定之行為模式,且於個案估價準確程度方面,有其專業的展現。本文得到估值決定行為,存在影響估值準確程度的可能,故建議後續研究焦點可置於估價過程之行為探討,而非單就估價結果論之。 關鍵字:不動產估價、行為研究、估值決定 / The real estate is appraised for a succession of behaviors of valuation. Real estate appraisal is really not an absolute theory, and exists non-regulatory subjective judgment. This is what we can exactly put forth effort on behavioral property research. This paper uses the behavioral property research, under the situation that the comparative foundation is unanimous, and investigates valuation behavior of appraisers and assessors in the same appraisal system and norm. We further analyze the difference of the valuation behavior whether it would influence the accurate degree of valuation. The result shows the valuation behavior of appraisers and assessors is different. In addition, appraisers relatively accord with the hypothesis of the research, especially they represent the accuracy of the case through the experiment of behavioral property research. The text finds out the difference of the valuation behavior might affect the accuracy of valuation. Therefore, follow-up study could focus on the valuation behavior, instead of the appraisal result.
36

不動產估價師信心判斷行為之研究

王士鳴 Unknown Date (has links)
不動產估價師之主觀判斷在估價過程中占有舉足輕重的地位,尤以市場比較法中之案例選擇、比較項目之調整最為明顯。然而不動產估價既然非由機器所為,則不動產估價師之行為勢必會影響到其價值判斷。而不動產估價師於行為上之差異,極可能是因為心理層面的某些狀態所致,如過度自信。心理學上已針對許多領域專家之信心判斷進行探討,且均發現多數會有過度自信之情形發生,過度自信將導致人們表現於行為上,進而從事錯誤的決策。 / 本文嘗試以心理學上之行為研究方法,探討不動產估價師於進行不動產估價作業時其信心判斷情形,是否如同其他領域之專家一樣,會出現過度自信之情形。並且進一步探討不動產估價師過度自信與其外在行為表現和評估價值準確性之關係。 / 研究採實驗之方式進行。結果顯示我國之不動產估價師之信心判斷普遍存有過度之現象,而要求不動產估價師遵行估價規範進行估價作業,將有助於降低其過度自信。另外,研究亦發現不動產估價師之評估價值準確性並不會隨著蒐集案例數量之增加而提高,然其信心判斷卻會逐漸提升。最後,不動產估價師之過度自信,將導致其評估價值準確性降低。
37

中國大陸不動產市場是否存在房價泡沫 -北京、上海、天津與重慶的實證分析 / 無

邱姿文, Chiou, Tz Wen Unknown Date (has links)
1998年中國大陸改革開放不動產市場後,由於政府大力地推動城鎮化與不動產市場改革以及中國大陸人均GDP的成長快速等原因,使房價快速上漲。2008年金融危機後至2012年時,中國大陸房價上漲約63.31%,但居民收入僅增加55.66%,顯示房價上漲速度超越所得上漲速度,因此,本研究擬由資產現值模型建立房價基要價值,並由狀態空間模型推估泡沫價格,探討北京市、天津市、上海市與重慶市不動產市場是否存在泡沫化的現象。經由1998年至2012年的家戶所得推估泡沫價格後,再以向量誤差修正模型與Granger因果關係檢定檢驗泡沫價格與貨幣供給額、預期物價指數、購屋貸款利率、住房開發投資額與前期房價成長率間的關係。 實證結果指出,北京泡沫化幅度變動劇烈,2012年第2季泡沫化約57%,由於中國大陸政府對北京執行政策較為嚴格,因而使北京市的房價受到政府政策的影響而產生較劇烈地波動。天津的泡沫價格則是由2004年開始轉為正值,並於2006年第2季達到第一波高峰。上海房價呈現穩定上升,其泡沫化程度約維持在45%上下,其泡沫化高點出現在2010年,泡沫價格占房屋價格約46%。重慶房價於2004年開始大幅上升,並於2011年出現泡沫高峰,比重約為40%。另外,預期通貨膨脹率與住房開發投資額為Granger領先於北京、天津與重慶的泡沫價格,表示政府能藉由控制北京、天津與重慶的預期通貨膨脹與不動產開發投資市場,來降低不動產的泡沫價格。而上海的購屋貸款利率、前期房價成長率與泡沫價格為雙向因果關係,貨幣供給則為Granger領先於上海泡沫價格,表示政府若能藉由控制上海的貨幣供給與購屋貸款利率,降低其泡沫價格。
38

國有不動產參與都市更新權利變換權益分配之研究 / The Study of National Real Estate Participation in Urban Renewal Rights Transformation Benefit Distribution.

林櫻櫻, Lin, Ying Ying Unknown Date (has links)
臺灣在以往的半個世紀,歷經工商業快速地成長,當時都市計畫與建築未能跟上其腳步,爰於都市計畫法以「舊市區更新」因應改善。然政府機關採「徵收」或「區段徵收」方式實施,受限於財力、人力之不足,及未透過協商機制取得私有土地,引起民眾反抗心理,以致成效不彰。部分地方政府為解決此一困境,開始制訂獎勵民間辦理都市更新,藉以引入民間資源,推動都市更新。 1998年「都市更新條例」公布施行,強制規範公有土地及建築物,依核定版都市更新事業計畫處理,而民間實施更新事業計畫重建方式,主要為協議合建及權利變換,然公有土地尚無法與實施者以協議合建方式進行更新事業,因此,公有土地參與都市更新方式,係以權利變換方式為主軸。 本研究於國有不動產參與都市更新權利變換權益分配個案中發現: 1.適時挹注國有土地參與都市更新事業,得以達到更新事業門檻,進而促成更新事業產權整合。 2.都市更新審議委員會負責審議都市更新事業計畫及權利變換計畫,包括核定共同負擔,為把關國有土地權益最重要防線。 3.權利變換範圍內國有土地面積與共同負擔費用呈現正向比例,國有土地面積愈大,樓地板愈大,則營建成本相對愈高,而權利變換之共同負擔費用,原則提列上限,得否調整,需由審議會議決通過。 建議: 1.審議會所列機關代表,應包括公產管理機關,以求公正客觀維護公產權益。 2.更新事業計畫擬定階段,規劃可供公務、公共使用性質房地,以利於相關機關視業務需要依法辦理撥用,並預估公產管理期間需負擔管(處)理成本,列為共同負擔費用,由參與者共同負擔。 3.公有土地參與都市更新,係為實現公共利益配合政策而執行,無論其參與更新事業目的,應考量維護全民財產權益。 / Taiwan, in the past half of century, has experienced the period of industry and commerce rapid expanding, but the urban plan and architecture couldn’t keep pace with them at that time. Therefore, “old town urban area renewal” came out and improved. However, limited to insufficiency of financial, human resources, and acquirement of private land without negotiation, the government agencies conducted “expropriation” or “zone expropriation” and the result was ineffective. In order to solve this dilemma, some local governments established the system of incentive of the private participation of urban renewal, introduced private power effectively, and promoted urban renewal fast. Urban Renewal Act was promulgated and conducted on 1998. It forces all the public lands and constructions should deal with the approved urban renewal business plan area. The ways of reconstruction dealing with the urban renewal business plan of non-governmental organizations are joint construction and rights transformation. However, the public lands can’t be proceeded urban renewal business plan by using the wayof reconstruction with implementers. Therefore, the main way of public lands participation in urban renewal is rights transformation. We realize on the case of national real estateparticipation in urban renewal rights transformationbenefit distribution on this study: 1.By pouring national real estate into the participation of urban renewal business plan, we are able to surpass threshold of urban renewal business plan, and promote the integration of property rights of renewal business plan. 2.The committee of urban renewal is in charge of reviewing renewal business plan and rights transformation, including approved common expense sharing. 3.There is a positive correlation between national land area within the area rights transformation and common expense sharing. If the common expense sharing which takes into upper limit is able to adjust, it should be passed a resolution by the committee. In summary, the study proposes suggestions as below: 1.The committee which lists governmental agencies should consist of public owned property managing authority, so that it is able to protect the rights of public property. 2.In the stage of renewal business plan, it should planfor office and public use real estate in order to help relative governmental agencies appropriate it, evaluates the management cost within the period of public management, and takes common expense sharing which should be shared by participators into account. 3.The aim of public land participation in urban renewal is to bring about public rights coordinating public policy. No matter what thepurposes of participation in urban renewal are, it should protect the all citizens’ rights.
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T-REITs與總體經濟及商用不動產市場關聯性之探討 / The Relationship Among T-REITs, Macroeconomy and Commercial Real Estate Markets

侯蔚楚 Unknown Date (has links)
台灣不動產投資信託(T-REIT)自2005年發行至今已逾四年,過去國內相關的文獻多集中於法律面、制度架構及問卷調查等相關研究,對於整體市場實際表現的討論則較缺乏。隨著交易歷史資料的延展,本研究針對國內REITs施行的現況與總體經濟波動及不動產市場之關係進行討論。在總體經濟部分以股價指數、利率與通貨膨脹進行分析,在不動產市場部分則採用辦公室平均租金水準與實際商辦交易價格為指標,期望探索T-REITs價格與總體經濟及不動產市場間之長期關係。 本文發現T-REITs與股價指數、商辦租金以及商辦交易價格間,均會存在長期均衡關係,即有共整合情形,而T-REITs與通貨膨脹率以及T-REITs與利率間不具有長期均衡關係,且股價指數、商辦租金以及通貨膨脹率與T-REITs為正向關係,利率及商辦租金與T-REITs則為反向關係。此外,根據因果關係檢定,股價指數與通貨膨脹率皆領先T-REITs,而商辦租金與T-REITs為雙向回饋。本文結果顯示,台灣REITs與總體經濟及商用不動產市場具有長期均衡關係,亦即總體經濟的變動以及不動產市場的波動可做為探討T-REITs長期變化的指標。 / Taiwan launched the first Real Estate Investment Trusts (T-REITs) in 2005. However, over the past few years, studies regarding T-REITs mainly focused on legal system, institutional framework and questionnaire surveys, but lack of empirical analysis on the performance of T-REIT markets. This study therefore intends to explore the cointegration and causality relationship among the T-REITs, macroeconomy and commercial real estate markets. The macroeconomic factors in this study include the stock prices, interest rate and inflation rate; and the real estate variables include the commercial rents and commercial prices. Empirical results first demonstrate that there exists the long-run relationship among T-REITs, stock prices, commercial rents and commercial prices, but not the interest rate or inflation rate. Moreover, T-REITs are significantly related to stock prices, interest rate and inflation rates as well as commercial rents and commercial prices. Third, the changes of stock prices and inflation rate lead the change of T-REITs. Finally, there is a significant feedback relationship between T-REITs and commercial rents.
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不動產估價人員估值決定行為之研究

李易璇 Unknown Date (has links)
不動產的高度異質常使得市場參與者蒙受相當大的不確定性,若不動產市場參與者能對於不動產價值有效預測與掌握,將可以減少所面臨的風險。因此,不動產估價人員提供的專業服務-估價訊息,逐漸形成市場運作的一環。而估價(valuation)除了是一種技術過程之外,也是一種「行為」過程,終究離不開人的執行問題。 本論文嘗試以認知心裡學中肯證偏誤角度,探討不動產估價人員於決定估值時可能發生的偏誤,藉此瞭解估價人員是否會於必要的估價程序前,一個不容易改變的自信估值已經決定;而這樣提早產生估值的行為,是否足以影響估價結果。 本論文採取問卷調查方式進行課題之實證,問卷預試方法則以認知訪談予以修正。結果得到台灣估價人員並非依照理論模式決定估值,隱含採取捷思法的價格決定方式;而且越早決定估值的估價人員對於認知合理區間越大。另外,發現年資兩年以上與所處公司或估價部門規模越大的估價人員,其估值決定較早,這可能來自於可靠交易資訊不足之下估價必須大量倚賴經驗以及大規模公司可接觸的訊息多樣之緣故。 關鍵字:不動產估價、估價程序、行為研究、肯證偏誤

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