其主要目的在了解我國大學生對台灣關係法的態度論文所分章節及重要內容如下： 第一章緒論 第一節研究動機與目的 第二節研究問題與假設 第三節有關名詞操作定義 第二章有關文獻探討 第一節台灣關係法的制定背景與內容分析 第二節中美斷交後國人對此事件的有關研究 第三節態度理論 第三章研究方法 第一節樣本選取 第二節研究工具 第三節實施程序 第四節資料處理 第四章結果與討論 第五章結論與建議

第一章說明研究的動機在彰顯自強活動的政治社會化功能，並根據相關的理論型塑研 究架構、界定基本概念，提出各項假設及研究方法，以進行研究。 第二章探討大學生第一次接受問卷調查後所反應出來的政治態度，以描述性的統計方 法分別解析參加及未參加自強活動的大學生的前政治態度。 第三章探討兩組受試學生的後政治態度，以描述性統計解析第二次問卷調查反應出來 的政治態度。 第四章比較兩組受試學生在兩次測驗時所反應出來的態度，在做過橫的及縱的比較之 後，提出幾個方向探討比較的結果。 第五章分析大學生參加自強活動的實際情況，並探討各類別及各項活動內容與政治態 度改變的關係。 第六章為結論，除扼要敘述本研究的分析結果及發現外，並進而討論結果的意涵，提 出建議，以供研究政治社會化者及救國團參考。

本研究旨在探討不同背景變項大學生之家庭親子界限與其生涯自我效能間的關係。採用問卷調查的方式，以全國十三所公、私立學校大一到大四學生為研究對象，共計625名，並以「個人基本資料調查表」、「生涯決策自我效能量表」及「家庭親子界限量表」編製成「大學生生涯決策與家庭關係問卷」為本研究工具。調查所得資料以描述性統計、變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、多元逐步迴歸等統計方法進行處理。研究之主要發現如下： 一、不同性別、年級、生涯發展定向情形之大學生的家庭親子界限有所差異。 二、不同年級、科系、修課狀況（是否雙主修或輔系）、打工經驗、生涯發展定向情形之大學生的生涯自我效能有所差異。再者，不同科系的大學生其生涯自我效能會因為打工經驗的不同而有差異。 三、背景變項與家庭親子界限對於大學生之生涯自我效能具有預測效果 （一）就全體大學生而言，「父子（女）自我認同」是大學男生生涯自我效能最主要的預測變項；「母子（女）自我認同」是大學女生生涯自我效能最主要的預測變項。本研究發現，家庭親子界限變項中同性父母對於孩子的認同是大學生生涯自我效能最主要的預測變項；另外，背景變項中生涯發展定向情形對大學生生涯自我效能最具有預測效果。 （二）不同生涯發展定向的大學生來看，不同背景變項與不同家庭親子界限對其生涯自我效能有不同預測效果。 （三）家庭親子界限對於大學男生之生涯自我效能的預測力大於大學女生。 根據本研究的發現及討論，研究者擬對大學生、父母、學校及輔導人員等相關人員和未來研究者，提出數點建議，以供參考。 / The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the career self-efficacy and family parental boundaries perceived by college students. Six hundred and twenty-five college students completed the Career Decision-making Self Efficacy Scale（CDMSE）developed by Hong-Hui Xie and Parental Relation-Self Boundary Scales. Data obtained was analyzed by deviation, percentage, ANOVA, post Scheffe’s test, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple regression. The major findings were summarized as follows: First, college students with different gender, grade, and career decision status or identity development made significant differences on their perceptions of family parental boundaries. Second, there were significant differences in CDMSE among different background variables, including grade, departments, dual-major or minor, part-time job experience, and career decision status or identity development. Third, the self-identity of parents is the best predictor of college students’ career self-efficacy, especially with the same gender as the parent. Fourth, because of the difference of college students’ career decision status or identity development, the prediction of family parental boundaries to the career self-efficacy would be different. Fifth, family parental boundaries had better predictive effect to male students than to female students. According to the conclusions of the main findings, several suggestions are provided for college students, parents, related educators and counselors in the Universities, and future research.

本研究旨在瞭解畢業自不同國高中班級組織型態之大學生幸福感的概況，並分析人格特質、壓力因應方式與畢業自不同國高中班級組織型態之大學生幸福感間之關係。 本研究採取問卷調查法，以便利取樣的方式，選取台灣地區北部畢業自不同國高中班級組織型態之大學生591人為研究對象，以「自尊量表」、「內外控量表」，「壓力因應方式量表」及「幸福感量表」為研究工具。所蒐集資料以描述統計、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關分析、多元逐步迴歸等方法進行統計分析。 本研究的主要發現如下： 一、大學生整體幸福感為中間偏高的程度。其自我肯定、人際關係、身心健康及生活滿意度皆呈現偏向正向的態度，尤其人際關係方面，但身心健康方面的平均得分是相對較低的。 二、畢業自不同國高中班級組織之大學生，其整體幸福感並無顯著差異存在。但畢業自「男合合」國高中班級組織大學生之身心健康顯著高於畢業自「女合合」國高中班級組織大學生。 三、情緒取向積極因應方式、自尊及問題取向積極因應方式，為預測畢業自「男合合」國高中班級組織型態大學生的整體幸福感之重要變項，總變異量為39.6％。且情緒取向積極因應方式、自尊及問題取向積極因應方式與其整體幸福感及各層面間皆存有正相關。 四、自尊、問題取向積極因應方式、情緒取向積極因應方式及情緒取向消極因應方式為預測畢業自「男合分」國高中班級組織型態大學生的整體幸福感之重要變項，總變異量為46.9％。且自尊、問題取向積極因應方式及情緒取向積極因應方式與其整體幸福感及各層面間皆存有正相關；情緒取向消極因應方式則與其整體幸福感及人際關係、生活滿意度間皆存有負相關。 五、自尊、情緒取向積極因應方式及問題取向積極因應方式為預測畢業自「女合合」國高中班級組織型態大學生的整體幸福感之重要變項，總變異量為35.2％。且自尊、情緒取向積極因應方式及問題取向積極因應方式，與其整體幸福感及各層面間皆存有正相關。 六、自尊、情緒取向積極因應方式及內外控為預測畢業自「女合分」國高中班級組織型態大學生的整體幸福感之重要變項，總變異量為28.9％。且自尊及情緒取向積極因應方式與其整體幸福感及各層面間皆存有正相關；內外控則與整體幸福感及自我肯定、人際關係、生活滿意度間皆存有負相關。 七、唯有情緒取向消極因應方式為預測畢業自「女分分」國高中班級組織型態大學生的整體幸福感之重要變項，總變異量為14.9％。且情緒取向消極因應方式與其生活滿意度間存有負相關。 本研究最後根據研究發現與結果，對畢業自不同國高中班級組織型態之大學生幸福感的經營及未來研究方面提出具體的建議。

本研究旨在探討大學生自尊、人際關係、復原力及憂鬱行為表現間之關係，乃以大學生558人為研究對象，經運用成人復原力量表、柯氏憂鬱量表、自尊量表及人際關係量表等研究工具，獲得所需資料，再以描述統計、t檢定、皮爾遜績差相關、多元逐步迴歸分析以及階層迴歸分析等方法，進行統計分析。主要研究結果如下： 1. 大學生之整體復原力大致良好；尤其在社會資源、家庭團結、社交能力、未來組織風格以及個人強度等方面的復原力，均有良好的表現。 2. 大學生輕度至中度憂鬱者佔全體大學生的48.10%，且2/3以上的大學生有輕度以上的憂鬱行為表現。 3. 女大學生的「家庭團結」與「社會資源」的復原力表現較男大學生佳。 4. 不同性別、年級的大學生，其自尊與整體復原力之間，均存有顯著中度正相關的關係；而其自尊與憂鬱行為表現之間，均存有顯著中度負相關的關係。 5. 女大學生及大一學生的自尊與「個人強度」復原力之間，存有顯著高度正相關的關係。 6. 不同性別、年級的大學生，其人際關係與整體復原力間，存有顯著中度正相關的關係；而其人際關係與憂鬱行為表現間，存有顯著低度負相關的關係。 7. ｢自尊｣最能有效預測不同性別、年級之大學生的整體復原力及憂鬱行為表現。 8. 人際關係的｢自我揭露度｣，為預測男女大學生及大一學生復原力的第二高變項。 9. 人際關係的「和諧度」能顯著預測大三學生的復原力。 10. 人際關係的｢合作度｣，能預測男大學生與年級不同大學生的憂鬱行為表現。 11. ｢個人強度｣復原力最能預測女大學生及大一學生的憂鬱行為表現。 12. ｢社會資源｣復原力可預測男大學生與大一學生的憂鬱行為表現。 13. 不同性別、年級大學生的復原力，能在其自尊與憂鬱行為表現間，扮演調節的作用。 14. 不同性別、年級大學生的復原力，能在其人際關係與憂鬱行為表現間，扮演調節的作用。 本研究根據上述各項結果加以討論，並提出數點建議，以供後續相關實務工作及研究的參考。 / The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationships between the university students’ self-esteem, interpersonal relationship, resilience and depression. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the university students in Taiwan, and the valid sample size was 558. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson's correlation analysis, multiple stepwise regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. The major results of the study are as follows. 1. The university students’ resilience and its factors including social resource resilience, family solidarity resilience, social skill resilience, future organizational style resilience and personal strength resilience were all above the medium level. 2. There were 48.1 percent of university students had mild to moderate depression, and two-thirds of university students had mild depression to severe depression. 3. Female students’ family solidarity resilience and social resource resilience were higher than male students. 4. Significant moderate positive correlations were found between university students’ self-esteem and resilience no matter what gender or grade they were. And there were significant moderate negative correlations between their self-esteem and depression. 5. Significant highly positive correlations were found between both female and freshman students’ self-esteem and personal strength resilience. 6. Significant moderate positive correlations were found between university students’ interpersonal relationship and resilience no matter what gender or grade they were. And there were significant moderate negative correlations between their interpersonal relationship and depression. 7. Self-esteem was the most predictive variable of university students’ resilience and depression. 8. The self-disclosure factor of interpersonal relationship was the second predictive variable of resilience of freshman students and both male and female students. 9. The harmonious factor of interpersonal relationship was the most predictive variable of junior students’ resilience. 10. The cooperation factor of interpersonal relationship was the most predictive variable of depression of male students and both freshman and junior students. 11. The personal strength resilience was the most predictive variable of depression of both female and freshman students. 12. The social resource resilience could valid predict both male and freshman students’ depression. 13. The resilience of university students had moderate effect between their self-esteem and depression no matter what gender or grade they were. 14. The resilience of university students had moderate effect between their interpersonal relationship and depression no matter what gender or grade they were. Both academic and practical implications based on the findings and discussions had been provided for the reference of future studies.

研究背景與目的：大學生睡眠型態呈現睡眠時相延遲、睡眠不足、睡眠品質不佳的狀況，造成身心健康與學業問題。此種睡眠型態，一方面受到生理發展的影響因素，形成內在日夜節律型態偏向夜貓型的情形，二方面為社會與心理的影響因素，隨著年齡增加，家長對於孩子生活監控程度降低，特別是邁入大學以後，生活自主權增加，大學生有更多的自由安排自己的生活與睡眠時間，而大學生生活時間的安排與規劃，影響著夜晚的睡眠。現今科技可日新月異，科技產品的使用，包括看電視、打電腦與使用手機，成為大學生生活中不可或缺的活動之一。其中，電腦與上網為休閒活動時重要的角色。過去研究發現大學生一天使用電腦約3至5小時以上，國外調查睡前活動的研究發現約42.4％的大學生睡前使用電腦，而睡前使用電腦使得就寢時間延遲，形成總睡眠時數減少，睡眠不足造成白天的疲倦感增加，除此之外也有可能影響入睡時間與睡眠品質，因此本研究目的希望找出電腦使用對於睡眠影響的因素，減少電腦使用對大學生睡眠作息造成的影響。本研究根據訪談的結果及過去的文獻彙整，假設電腦使用使得沈浸狀態（flow）與激發狀態（arousal）較高，進而影響睡眠，包括就寢時間較晚、入睡時間較長、睡眠品質不佳、總睡眠時數不足、週末較晚起床補眠的狀況。 研究方法：本研究為瞭解個體電腦使用的沈浸與激發狀態變化對睡眠的影響，採受試者內設計，以重複測量的方式進行研究，測量受試者一週使用電腦的型態與睡眠之關係。受試者需符合睡前4小時內使用電腦1小時以上的習慣，排除任何生理、心理、睡眠疾患與極端日夜型態者（circadian type），並排除使用非法或影響睡眠的藥物。研究共募集國立與私立大學共76名學生，研究一週間請受試者於睡前填寫電腦使用型態問卷與與沈浸量表、激發狀態量表與睡眠日誌。資料回收後進行階層線性分析。階層一分析個人內每天電腦使用的沈浸程度、生理激發程度與認知激發程度是否可預測各睡眠變項，階層二分析個人間的日夜節律型態與焦慮特質調節沉浸、生理激發與認知激發程度與睡眠變項的關係。 研究結果：本研究發現每人每天睡前4小時電腦使用的內容，包括遊戲類、人際互動類與娛樂活動類的沈浸程度皆比文書作業的沈浸程度來得高，就受試者內的比較而言，當晚上電腦使用的沈浸程度越高，當晚的就寢時間提早、入睡時間減少、總睡眠時數增加與提升睡眠品質。而睡前4小時電腦使用時間長度可預測認知激發程度，但認知激發並無法預測睡眠變項；另外，不論睡前電腦使用內容或總時間無法預測生理激發，但晚上電腦使用後的生理激發程度越高，當晚的就寢時間越晚且總睡眠時數越少。此外，認知激發與生理激發的關係為正相關。在階層二個人間調節變項的分析，由於沈浸程度對睡眠變項的預測，以及生理激發程度對就寢時間與總睡眠時數的預測，皆未有尚未解釋的部分，因此在研究模型中無需再加入調節變項。 研究討論：研究結果發現沈浸程度在睡前電腦使用對睡眠影響的過程中扮演正向角色，但若睡前從事虛擬角色的線上遊戲，雖然沈浸程度偏高，但就寢時間偏晚且總睡眠時數較少；此外睡前的電腦使用時間越長，認知激發越高，而認知激發與生理激發呈現正相關，因此有可能認知激發程度提高，使生理激發程度也越高，而生理激發程度越高，導致就寢時間較晚，總睡眠時數較少。建議睡前選擇電腦使用內容並控制使用時間，以減少電腦使用對睡眠的不良影響。 / OBJECTIVE: College students tend to delay their sleep phase and have high prevalence of sleep problems, such as poor sleep quality and insufficient sleep. Many factors may be associated with the sleep patterns. First, delay sleep phase in college students may be affected by a natural tendency of delayed endogenous circadian phase in during puberty. Second, psychosocial and behavioral factors, such as late evening social events and computer use, may also contribute to these sleep patterns. Among these, computer use has been shown to be associated with poor sleep in previous studies. However, it’s unclear that what mechanisms through which computer use has an impact on sleep in college students. The goal of this study is to identify the underlying factors that mediate the effect of computer use to sleep. According to our pilot study in which college students were interviewed for their computer-use habits and sleep pattern, we hypothesize that mental flow, physical arousal and cognitive arousal are the factors mediating the impacts of computer use to sleep patterns characterize college students, including delayed sleep phase, longer sleep onset latency, insufficient sleep and poor sleep quality. METHOD: Seventy-six college students who are habitual computer users (using computer at least one hour before sleep every day) participated in the study. They were required to complete a set of questionnaires everyday for one week, including the computer-use questionnaire, the Flow Scale, and the Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale. Hieratical Linear Model was conducted to analyze within-individual level (level one) and between- individual level (level two). In our study, within-individual levels were mental flow, physical arousal and cognitive arousal that mediated the impacts of computer use to sleep patterns when college students used computer before sleep every night. In addition, between- individual levels in our study were various circadian types and anxious trait between college students. They may moderate the impacts of mental flow, physical arousal and cognitive arousal to sleep patterns in college students. RESULT: The results showed within-individual level that contents of computer using, including play on-line games, interpersonal interaction, and entertainment, could predict increased flow level. Higher flow level in turn predicted earlier bedtime, shorter sleep latency, more sleep duration and better sleep quality. In addition, physical arousal was not affected by computer use, but had a negative impact on sleep. Higher physical arousal level was able to predict later bedtime and shorter sleep duration. Computer-use time during the four hours prior to bedtime was associated with pre-sleep cognitive arousal. Cognitive arousal did not show significant association with any sleep variables, however. Furthermore, there was a positive relationship between cognitive arousal and physical arousal. In addition, because the results of between- individual levels showed that the mental flow, physical arousal and cognitive arousal completely explained sleep patterns, there was no need to add between- individual moderations. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that flow level while engaging in computer use may have positive effect on sleep. However, playing on-line games before sleep, although may lead to higher flow level, were associated with later bedtime and shorter sleep duration. Also, the more time spending on computer before sleep, the higher the cognitive arousal. Higher cognitive arousal level may be associated with higher physical arousal level. And, higher physical arousal level lead to later bedtime and shorter sleep duration. The results suggested that in order to prevent the negative impacts of computer-use among college students, they should reduce computer using time and avoid on-line games before sleep. Future study can develop intervention program based on current findings to prevent college students from the negative impacts of computer.

大學教師與同儕是大學生生活環境中重要的學習社群，二者對於大學生的影響力不容忽視。因此，本研究的探討旨趣在於瞭解現今大學師生非正式互動的情形，及大學同儕間互動的情形，並進一步瞭解大學師生非正式互動、大學同儕互動的頻率與品質與大學生生活適應及生涯決策自我效能間的關係。 本研究以台灣北、中、南、東四個地區693位大學生為研究對象，研究工具包括：研究者自編的「大學師生非正式互動量表」、「大學同儕互動量表」及研究者修訂的「大學生生活適應量表」及「生涯決策自我效能量表」。此外，本研究以因素分析、信度分析、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關分析、典型相關分析及多元逐步迴歸分析進行量表與研究假設的驗證。 研究結果顯示： 1.在大學師生非正式互動方面：現今大學師生的非正式互動頻率偏低，而互動的品質良好。此外，年級會影響大學師生非正式互動的頻率；性別及學院別會影響師生非正式互動的品質。 2.在大學同儕互動方面：現今大學生與同儕的互動頻率相當頻繁，且互動的品質良好。與男性大學生相較，女性大學生與同儕的互動頻率較高且互動品質較為良好。 3.當大學師生非正式互動越頻繁且互動品質越良好時，大學生生活適應也越良好；當大學同儕間的互動頻率越頻繁且互動品質越良好時，大學生生活適應也越良好。 4.當大學師生非正式互動越頻繁且互動品質越良好時，大學生生涯決策自我效能也越高；當大學同儕間的互動頻率越頻繁且互動品質越良好時，大學生生涯決策自我效能也越高。 5.大學同儕互動品質及大學師生非正式互動頻率能顯著預測大學生生涯 決策自我效能，且大學同儕互動品質是主要的預測變項。 6.生涯決策自我效能、大學同儕互動品質及大學同儕互動頻率能顯著預測大學生生活適應，且生涯決策自我效能是最主要的預測變項。 最後，本研究根據研究結果提出建議，以供大學相關機構、大學教師、大學生及未來研究者參考：在大學機構方面：應積極舉辦師生互動之相關活動、提供師生交流的管道、鼓勵大學生組成分享交流團體、加強生涯輔導的多元服務；對大學教師方面：應透過多元管道與學生互動，以友善的態度與學生接觸；對大學生方面：應把握與教師的非正式互動機會，化被動為主動；積極加入同儕社群、散播分享的文化，以積極樂觀的態度面對未來的生涯挑戰；對未來研究建議：可探討系所環境氛圍對於大學生社群互動的影響、比較家庭、教師與同儕三者對於大學生的影響力、進行不同師生互動類型之實驗比較、採取質性研究等。

大法官在釋字382號解釋打破了學校與學生特別權力關係的存在。抑有進者，大法官更言明人民有「憲法上受教育的權利」存在。雖然本號解釋值得喝采，但似乎僅是曇花一現，諸如一連串的退學案例，實務見解仍普遍認為有關退學處分的規定乃屬大學自治事項，因此便將法治國原則的適用排除在外，大法官釋字563號解釋即認為有關大學生資格考規定，屬大學自治範疇並不需法律保留原則，此等見解似乎又向特別權力關係開了倒車。有別於此，本文認為大法官釋字382號解釋既然承認人民有憲法上受教育的權利存在，佐以國際社會對於「學習社會」及「終生學習」等理念的重視，即應探尋其具體依據 — 以憲法第二十二條 — 作為大學生學習權的憲法基礎。對斯項權利性質，應具有分享給付請求權的社會權性質。 既然肯定憲法第22條為大學生學習權保障的憲法基礎，即應據此勾勒出大學生在校園中學習權保障的具體圖像。 實體面的保障，以二一退學制度為例：當作為一權利主體的大學生受到作為國家公權力一環的大學剝奪其學習權時（如退學），即應有法律保留原則的適用，此係立基於國家（大學）與人民（學生）間的權力關係所導出 ; 另一個觀察角度乃將大學與大學生之關係，視為兩權利主體間基本權利衝突之關係，則此時大學所為之退學處分仍應受利益衡量原則之拘束。無論從「權力面」或「權利面」的角度來觀察，二一退學制度皆無法通過憲法上法律保留原則與比例原則之要求，是為一違憲制度。 程序面的保障，本文以學生懲戒制度、學生申訴之制度及學生自治與學生參與校務等相關命題作為探討對象。總的來講，各項制度之設計仍應以大學生憲法上學習權之誡命為依歸，並輔以落實法治國原則之要求，如此方不致使大學生之「在學關係」成為法治國的化外之地而走回傳統特別權力關係的老路！

儘管民主政治是一種不夠完美的制度，但仍係人類社會迄今為止最能尊重與保障個人平等自由生活方式的一種政治制度，故而在廿世紀下半葉廣獲世界各國青睞。透過政治文化的觀點，我們瞭解到民主政治的建立與發展，一般人民是否具有民主的精神與素養，往往要比政治制度或典則是否完善，更具有決定性的影響。因此，本研究將「民主」定義為一種生活方式，希望從人們對民主內涵之覺察與認識，從蘊含於其日常行為價值觀中的表現，探討民主價值成為個人生活方式的可能影響。 東亞大陸上的華人社會，不論是中國大陸或台灣都肯定民主的價值，也都朝民主的方向邁進，然而二者選擇之路徑不同，歷經之階段亦不相同。台灣已成功地從威權體制轉型為民主政治，大陸則在改革開放的驅動下，著手施行有中國特色的社會主義民主建設。民主轉型能否成為兩岸未來和平對話的契機？值得我們關注。 兩岸青年雖然生活於不同的教育環境，但是資訊時代為他（她）們的成長提供了日益趨同的國際舞台。在現代化民主潮流的衝激下，他（她）們習得怎樣的民主內涵，對兩岸關係未來的發展，勢必會有重要的影響。因而本研究關切兩岸大學生政治學習的內容如何，其民主意識的內涵有何異同，兩岸大學生會有怎樣的政治參與意向，以及社會化媒介對其民主意識和政治參與意向所可能的影響。 經由內容分析法比較兩岸大學生高中時期政治學習的內容，發現兩岸的教育重心都在強化政治知識和政治策略，但本質意涵仍有顯著差異：其中各自對「政治社群」的認同對象不同、「政治知識」的來源不同、「政治策略」的性質不同，猶有甚者，彼此教科書對「民主價值」的認知與詮釋差異甚大。大陸方面的政治教科書對意識形態的強調與堅持比台灣遠甚。 本研究同時以態度量表進行經驗調查，以立意取樣的方式，在兩岸選取政治大學、成功大學、東吳大學和北京大學、人民大學、（廣州）中山大學等六所學校共1100餘位學生作為對比分析。經過冗長的統計分析與論證，本研究所提出的各項假設獲得了部分的驗證。 根據本研究發現，兩岸大學生影響其民主意識與政治參與意向的原因容或有所不同，但從調查結果可知，雖然兩岸在政治、經濟體制上分離了五十餘年，但本研究所調查的兩岸大學生在許多方面都呈現了相同之處，並且對於民主仍充滿了肯定，甚至大陸大學生對於民主的渴望猶勝生活在自由風氣中的台灣大學生。筆者認為，這樣的共識讓兩岸有了對話的平台，在未來的兩岸關係中，這群政治與社會的菁英勢必能由此發展出新的出路。 / Democratic political system which has been widely accepted in the second half of the 20th century all over the world has played the best role in respecting and guaranteeing individuals’ equal and liberal lifestyle so far, though it might not be the most perfect. Though the view of political culture, we acknowledge that in the establishment and development of democratic politics, whether the ordinary people have democratic spirits usually has more crucial effects than whether the political regimes and norms are flawless. Therefore in this research, the writer defines ‘democracy’ as ‘a lifestyle’ and tries to discuss the possible effect of democratic lifestyle through people’s awareness and understanding of democratic connotation and their daily behavior reflecting their values. In the Chinese society on the Eastern Asia continent, both the Mainland China and Taiwan approve the democratic value and move toward the democracy. But they chose different ways, either the developing stages. Taiwan has successfully changed from the authoritarian system to democratic politics while the Mainland China has been performing the China Style Socialist Democracy Construction in the motivation of the market-oriented Reformation. Can the democratic transition create a peacefully conversational opportunity? It’s worth paying attention. The youth of both sides are living in the different educational environment, but the Information Age provides them an international stage more and more similar. By the wash of democratic wave, what democratic connotation they have learned will make a big impact on the cross-straight relationship in the future. So this research concerns on the undergraduates’ political study contents, the differences between their democratic connotation, their political participation wills and the probably effects of socialization media on their democratic conscious and political participation wills. After comparing the political study contents in high school by content analysis method, it is found that the educational cores of both sides are political knowledge and political policy, but they have distinct essences in who the political community identifies, where the political knowledge comes, what the political policy means, and the most different, how the democratic value is explained. The political textbook of the Mainland China enhances the ideology more often than Taiwan. Meanwhile, in this research the scaling method was adopted to execute the experience survey. With the purpose-sampling method, more than 1100 students of National Cheng Chi University, National Cheng Kung University and Soochow University in Taiwan and Peking University, Renmin University and Sun Yet-san University in the Mainland China are chosen. Through the tough statistic analysis and demonstration, the hypotheses of this research have been large partly proved. According to the research founds, in both sides the factors which effect the undergraduates’ democratic conscious and political participation wills are different. This survey also tells us that the undergraduates in both sides has a lot in common although have been politically and economically separated for more than 50 years. They both feel very positive towards democracy, further more, the Mainland China undergraduates are more eager to democracy than Taiwan undergraduates who are living the liberal atmosphere. The author believes that this common opinion constructs the talk bridge between the Straights. In the future, these political and social elites will develop a new peaceful path to change the present vague relationship between both sides through the democratic way.

本研究旨在探討大學生的希望感、建設性思考、情緒創造力及創造風格之關係。研究參與者來自台北縣市、桃園縣七所公私立大學的大學生，有效樣本計531人。本研究採用的研究工具包括「希望感量表」、「建設性思考量表」、「情緒創造力量表」及「創造風格量表」。資料分析所用的統計方法包括描述統計、單因子單變量和多變量變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關及線性結構模式分析。本研究主要發現如下： 一、 大學生在希望感、建設性思考、情緒創造力的表現程度佳，且 偏向運用創造核心特質。 二、 不同性別的大學生在情緒創造力及創造風格上均有差異，就整 體和各指標而言，男生的創造核心特質優於女生，女生的情緒 創造力優於男生。 三、 創造力獎項得獎經驗對大學生的情緒創造力沒有效果，但對創 造風格中的非最終產品定位、技術使用及無意識過程信念有效 果，非最終產品定位及技術使用為無得獎者大於有得獎者，無 意識過程信念則為有得獎者大於無得獎者。 四、 所屬學院對情緒創造力中的新穎性來源及情緒準備度有效果， 且能對創造風格中的無意識過程信念、環境控制與行為自我調 節有效果。 五、 大學生的情緒創造力對創造風格有效果。 六、 希望感對大學生的情緒創造力有效果，且對創造風格中的非最 終產品定位、技術使用、無意識過程信念及借助他人有效果。 七、 建設性思考對大學生情緒創造力中的有效性及新穎性反應有效 果；且對創造風格中的迷信行為及環境控制與行為自我調節有 效果。 八、 就大學生創造風格之路徑模式而言，希望感與建設性思考產生 交互作用後，會分別對情緒創造力有直接效果並透過情緒創造 力對創造核心特質及創意輔助習性有間接效果，且情緒創造力 對創造核心特質與創意輔助習性有直接效果。 最後，本研究依據本研究主要發現提出意見，以提供相關單位與人員在教育以及學術研究上之參考。 / The main purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among hope belief, constructive thinking, emotional creativity, and creative style of undergraduate students. The participants included 531 undergraduate students sampled from seven national or private universities in Taipei City, Taipei County, and Taoyuan County. The employed instruments in this study were the Inventory of Hope, the Inventory of Constructive Thinking, the Inventory of Emotional Creativity, and the Questionnaire of Creative Style. The employed analysis methods included Descriptive Statistics, one-way ANOVA, one-way MANOVA and SEM. The main findings of this study were as follows: 1.The undergraduate students had high level of hope belief, constructive thinking, and emotional creativity; and they tended to use core traits of creativity. 2.There were significant gender differences on emotional creativity and creative style; the males outperformed the females in core traits of creativity, and the females outperformed the males in emotional creativity. 3.The experiences of winning creative awards had no effects on emotional creativity, but had effects on creative style, especially on “not final product orientation”, “use of techniques”, and “belief in unconscious processes”. Moreover, participants who had won creative awards outperformed their counterparts in “not final product orientation”, “use of techniques”; participants who had not won any creative awards outperformed their counterparts in “belief in unconscious processes”. 4.College of major had effects on emotional creativity, especially in “origin of novelty”, and “preparation”. Moreover, college of major had effects on creative style, especially in “belief in unconscious processes” and “environmental control and behavioral self- regulation”. 5.The participants’ emotional creativity had effects on their creative style. 6.The participants’ hope belief had effects on their emotional creativity and creative style, especially in “not final product orientation”, “use of techniques”, “belief in unconscious processes”, and “use of other people”. 7.The participants’ constructive thinking had effects on their emotional creativity, especially in “effectiveness”, “novel response”. Moreover, the participants’ constructive thinking had effects on their creative style, especially in “superstition” and “environmental control and behavioral self- regulation”. 8.As for the path model, hope belief and constructive thinking interactively and directly influenced their emotional creativity and then indirectly influenced their core traits of creativity and assisted habits of creativity via emotional creativity; meanwhile, emotional creativity had direct effects on their core traits of creativity and assisted habits of creativity. Finally, the researcher proposed some suggestions for educational instructions and academic research.