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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

サソリ由来の殺虫性ペプチド毒素ならびに表皮蛍光物質の構造解析

義本, 裕介 23 March 2021 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(農学) / 甲第23254号 / 農博第2461号 / 新制||農||1085(附属図書館) / 学位論文||R3||N5344(農学部図書室) / 京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻 / (主査)教授 宮川 恒, 教授 森 直樹, 教授 三芳 秀人 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DGAM
22

兒童醫療自主之探討-以病童臨床經驗出發 / Patient autonomy of children - from the clinical experiences on pediatric patients

張濱璿, Chang, Pin Hsuan Unknown Date (has links)
因為醫病互動關係的改變,病患自主權在經過歐美數十年來的覺醒與詮釋,並定位於不論是人性尊嚴或是隱私權內涵中之憲法層級,以及在告知後同意於近二十年來引進國內並蓬勃發展之後,病患的自主決定權在現今醫療過程中已經受到相當的重視。青少年也因接近成人的年齡及成熟度,在法律及臨床實務上也逐漸肯認其對於自身的醫療決定擁有自主決定權。然而,兒童不論在法律或是社會觀念之中,均被認定為能力尚未成熟,傳統上認為必須由父母代替其做醫療決定。可是在作者身為一位臨床兒科醫師的臨床實務經驗當中,許多病童往往能表達自己對於醫療決定甚至是臨終決定的自主意見,卻不受到父母或其他成年代理人的採納。 因此,本文將從臨床經驗出發,將所發現許多兒童有能力決定、以及父母無法做出符合兒童利益決定的案例,提出作為本文探討的思考起源。本文主要鎖定未成年人中未滿12歲的兒童進行討論,排除許多文獻早已熱烈討論的青少年人;另外因為立法例上並未賦予未成年人擁有「自主權」,故本文暫不深究兒童法律上的自主權利,而是以探討兒童實質上的「自主性」作為探討的主軸,並以此為未來法律發展的基礎。 本文將首先從「醫病關係的演進」開始,探討一般性「病患自主決定權」之倫理與法律。醫學倫理上涉及包括「生物醫學倫理四原則」以及「告知後同意」;多數國家也將「自主決定權」在法律上定位為憲法層級之人權保障。聯合國兒童權利公約則為現今國際上兒童人權維護的重要指引,也是對於兒童一般自主權正當性的重要依據。至於兒童的自主決定與其決定能力相關,也涉及父母代理決定的討論,故從法律上對於父母子女關係及未成年人保護的討論出發,探討代理決定時的最佳利益判斷,思考兒童醫療決定的問題及衝突,以及在不同年齡適合該年齡得以決定的事項。 在兒童醫療決定上,難題包括為何要重視兒童自主、何人有權決定、如何決定等等,在此議題受到各國重視並不斷發展之下應如何運作。在本文中主要參考了美國以及英國的發展經驗以及建議,提出對於臨床操作的看法。本文認為,可以用兒童醫療「表意權」的行使作為對兒童自主性的肯認,從兒童決定能力的判斷開始,對於具有決定能力的兒童表達其合理意見應充分尊重;若是缺乏決定能力的兒童,則在考量其最佳利益後由父母代理其做出醫療決定。醫療人員基於必須對於病童負責的角色及責任,亦應檢視父母決定是否合理,適時地介入決定以維護兒童最佳利益。 至於在兒童的最佳利益的判斷上,除了要考慮所面對的病況以外,還需要針對兒童未來生理發育和心智發展的影響,整體考量其未來的生活品質;對於臨終的兒童,則應考量是否得到有尊嚴的死亡,此與成年人的思考並無相左。最後,本文將進一步探討較為特殊的臨床狀況,包括面對重症以及急症的病童應如何操作及思考,並重新檢視本文所提出之實際臨床困難案例,建議較為適合的做法,以作為更多臨床個案判斷的參考指引。 / Patients' awareness of self-determination has raised and their rights have been taken into account in clinical consideration because of the change of doctor-patient relationship in recent decades. The right to autonomy was highly positioned at the constitutional level no matter it is contained in the concept of human dignity or the right of privacy. It is also highly valued after “the doctrine of informed consent” was introduced into our country with vigorous development in recent years. Because adolescents’ age and maturity approach adults, they have been recognized to have sufficient ability and right to make their own medical decisions as well as adults. Children, in the general idea of the society, are concerned not to have sufficient decision making ability and therefore need their parents’ help to make their own medical decisions. However, from clinical experiences, many children could not only express their autonomous opinions but even have the ability to consent to their medical treatments, including life-saving treatments. Unfortunately, children’s opinions were usually ignored, and sometimes their parents could not make decisions in their best interest. This study will discuss the patient autonomy of children whose ages are under 12 years old. We acknowledge that children do not have legal “right” to autonomy but they still have their own autonomous expression. The ethical and legal bases of patient autonomy are firstly illustrated, including “the four principles approach to bioethics”, “the doctrine of informed consent”, the legal status of “the right to autonomy” at the constitutional level, and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child which is an international guide to children’s human right. Children’s autonomy is closely related to their decision-making capacity or competence and their age. Furthermore, surrogate decision making plays an important role in children’s affairs. When there is a conflict between the parents and children, the principle of best interest of children should be the leading concern. Regarding the medical decision of children, difficult problems are: why children’s patient autonomy is vital, who has the right to decide, and how to make a decision. I have reviewed the experiences and suggestions from concept leading countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom. I proposed my own viewpoint and suggest some guidelines on the clinical decision process. My opinion is that children’s right to express should be taken as the confirmation of children’s autonomy. For the children with decision making capacity, we should fully respect his rational decision; for the children without it, parents could make the decisions according to the children’s best interest. Medical staffs, including doctors and nurses, also need to reexamine the parents’ decisions suitable for children’s best interest. At the end of the thesis, I re-examine the clinical cases proposed at the beginning of this thesis, to present my resolution to the cases as guides for future clinical situation.
23

葛蘭西的霸權與民主理論

黃富國, HUANG,FU-GUO Unknown Date (has links)
本文主要是對葛蘭西對資本主義的社會作一分析, 并進而提出他對民主理論的詮釋。 資料來源以他的獄中札記, 另外配合他早期在新秩序團體所寫的文章為輔, 寫作順序 如下: 第一章概論, 談到有關整個論文的研究架構及葛蘭西的生平與著作。 第二章葛蘭西理論基礎, 包括批判經濟決定論, 批判馬克思主義中有關實證主義的論 點, 葛蘭西歸結本身理論在求主客合一的實踐。 第三章霸權理論, 由於崩潰理論與列寧主義無法分析及面對資本主義社會, 於是葛蘭 西辟出新的領域, 以詮釋市民社會與政治社會之間的相互關系, 說明霸權內涵概念在 於同意, 并以義大利本身的具體實例來剝析布爾喬亞的形式霸權。 第四章民主理論, 有關人性潛能的闡明并尋求意識自覺以解放, 并將之落實於教育與 民主化的過程之中。 第五章結論, 有關葛蘭西的歷史地位, 包括其理論得失, 并說明他在政治社會化理論 中的現代意識。
24

台灣省立高中校長權力基礎與教師參與決定關係之研究

楊淑妃, YANG, SHU-FEI Unknown Date (has links)
一、研究目的:(一)探討權力基礎、參與決定之意義、理論及相關研究,期經歸納 、分析後有助未來研究者之驗證。(二)探討省立高中校長權力基礎、教師參與決定 性形,及二者間是否相關。(三)對校長如何運用適當權力基礎以使教師獲得適當之 參與決定需求,提出建議,供學校及教育行政實務之參考。 二、研究方法:(一)文獻分析法。(二)問卷調查法。 三、研究結論:(一)省立高中校長之權力基礎主要為法職權和專家權。(二)不同 性別校長之權力基礎並無不同。(三)不同學歷、年齡校長之權力基礎有顯著差異。 (四)高中教師在一般校務、訓導事務上呈剝奪參與,在教務上呈適度參與。(五) 不同性別、年齡、教育程度之教師在參與類型上並無不同。(六)不同服務年資、任 教科目、地區之教師在參與類型上有顯著差異。(七)校長以專家權和參照權為基礎 者,教師在參與決定上較傾向於適度參與。 四、建議:(一)校長對教師之領導方式應以專家權和參照權為基礎 。 (二)學校對各項活動之推行,應多徵詢教師們之意見。 (三)採行適度參與決定方式,如以委員代表方式參與。 (四)校務會議一學期至少召開二次,並增加教師們發表意見機會。 (五)已做成之決定應責成考核單位,評鑑執行成果。 (六)對未來研究之建議。
25

即期與遠期匯率決定理論之探討

周勝年, ZHOU, SHENG-NIAN Unknown Date (has links)
自一九七三年以來,主要工業國大多採行浮動匯率制度,有關匯率決定的文獻日增。 但多側重於即期外匯市場匯率的決定與固定、浮動匯率優劣的探討,而忽視了遠期外 匯市場的有關問題。近年來,遠期外匯市場的重要性漸增,因為央行透過遠期外匯市 場的干預也可達到既定的政策目標。本文主要目的即針對即期與遠期匯率的決定及最 適即期與遠期外匯市場干預政策進行探討。 第一章 緒論 本章作有關文獻回顧,並概述本文主要內容。 第二章 即期與遠期匯率的決定 第一節 假定與模型設立 第二節 模型分析 第三節 本章結語 第三章 最適即期與遠期外匯市場干預政策 第一節 假定與模型設立 第二節 分析與比較 Ⅰ、資本不完全移動 Ⅱ、資本可完全移動 Ⅲ、資本完全不移動 第三節 本章結語 第四章 結論
26

經濟發展中的金融結構之研究

辜婉芳, Gu, Wan-Fang Unknown Date (has links)
本文旨在探討經濟發展過程中,金融結構的特質,衡量方法及其決定因素。並利用若 干開發中國家的資料,從橫斷面及時間序列,作一些實證的分析。 本文共分五章,於第二章討論金融結構的意義,衡量方法,及其決定因素,第三章則 利用各國實際資料,對各國金融結構,以及其與各經濟部門的關係,作實證分析,依 實證結果,於第四章檢討各國金融結構的特質與其轉變,作一結論。
27

台灣新上市股票異常報酬之實証研究 / Economic determinants of underpricing: New evidence from Taiwan.

呂勝光, Loo, Shan-Kwang Unknown Date (has links)
本研究探討台灣新上市股票是否有超額報酬之存在,並進一步探討超額報酬與其影響因素之關係:是否因為內部人持股比例高低,公司最近三年平均每股盈餘,負債比例高低,承銷價格高低,公司總資產大小,公司最近三年淨利變化,上市之後一年之內是否辦理現金增資而有所差異。本研究主要探討新上市公司,其新上市短期與長期異常報酬的解釋因素。 / This sutdy mainly employs empirical methodology. The sample period convers from 1987 to 1995, including 195 samples. The unerpricing regress against EPS (earnings per share), average earning growth rate, debt/equity ratio, firm's size , changes in ownership structure, seasoned new issues within one year subsequent to the IPO (dummy variable), and lottery rate. The findings indicate that the underpricing significantly (95% significant level) correlates with EPS, firm's size, and lottery rate.
28

外人來台直接投資影響因素探討:以考量產業及ECFA因素為例 / The determinants of foreign direct investment in Taiwan-Considering industrial and ECFA factors

謝育霖, Hsieh, Yu Ling Unknown Date (has links)
由於外人直接投資都被認為是促成一國經濟成長及財富累積的重要決定因素之一,而聯合國貿易與發展會議2010年全球投資報告書中也指出,未來開發中國家對於吸引FDI是比已開發國家更具有優勢,而其中中國將是未來一個全球投資者注目的焦點;故本研究目的有三個:(一)探討影響台灣產業吸引外人來台投資的主要因素,(二)檢定中國FDI增長對於台灣產業吸引外人來台投資是否會有排擠效果,(三)探討兩岸具ECFA協議下,對於台灣產業吸引外人投資的正面幫助效果強度。 本研究採用1982年至2009年之年資料,以Tobit Censoring做為分析方法;並將產業分成出口導向相關產業及國內市場導向相關產業兩不同型態做為分析依據。 實證研究結果發現,政府若想要吸引更多外人直接投資,除了簽訂ECFA協議外,還必須避免台灣國內通貨膨脹率過高及台幣兌美元匯率波動過大;此外,高素質人才的培育也是極其重要,而持續提升國內市場深度及未來發展潛力也是不可或缺的環節;除了這些台灣自身投資環境的營造外,尚必須時時刻刻緊盯國際情勢的變化及中國發展下對台灣吸引FDI上可能帶來的衝擊,如此才有可能打造台灣成為亞洲地區的投資新天地。 / The foreign direct investment is an important factor which be considered to promote a country’s economic growth and wealth accumulation. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development World’s 2010 Investment Report also noted that in attracting FDI developing countries have more advantages than developed countries in the future. Especially China, it focus of attention of global investors. Therefore, this paper has three purposes. First, Explore the Determinants of Taiwan's industries to attract FDI. Second, testing whether China's FDI growth has crowding out effect on Taiwan’s industries. Third, Does ECFA agreement has positive effects on Taiwan’s industries to attract FDI. This paper using 1982 to 2009 year data, and Tobit Censoring econometric method to be the analysis framework. In addition, assort Taiwan’s industries to export-oriented and domestic market-oriented two different types industries. Empirical study found that, If the Government wants to attract more Foreign Direct Investment besides signing an ECFA agreement there are something it must to do. First, government must avoid inflation rate too high and exchange rate volatility is too large. Second, government has to bring up high-quality personnel. Third, government has to enhance the potential of the domestic market. Finally, government has to focus their attention on the international situation and china’s FDI growth may affect the Taiwan’s industries FDI. By doing this, Taiwan will have a chance to attract more FDI.
29

企業使用雲端運算服務決定因素之研究-以台灣進出口業者為例

葉瑜君 Unknown Date (has links)
雲端運算為近年來新興的熱門話題,強調只要透過網路就可以讓使用者依據實際需求彈性地使用計算資源並按照使用量的多寡計費。許多研究報告認為這種將計算、儲存資源以服務形式提供給使用者的租用模式,將有助於節省資訊投資成本而備受企業主矚目;除了節省成本誘因之外,採用雲端運算服務後可能衍生資訊安全、保密的疑慮,也是大家所關注的焦點,因此使用者如何於採用雲端運算服務的決策過程中取得利弊的平衡點相當重要。 本研究將以企業使用者的觀點,探討影響其使用雲端運算服務的決定因素內涵,範疇侷限於台灣的進出口業者。研究根據過去文獻資料,彙整出五個影響使用者決策因素的構面:知覺效益、安全與信任、創新認同程度、知覺有用性以及知覺易用性,並以問卷調查方式進一步瞭解影響企業使用決策的因素;經由問卷調查的結果發現,上述考量構面足以解釋台灣進出口業者使用雲端服務意願百分之六十的變異,而其中影響業者使用意願程度最高的因素為知覺有用性。 / Cloud computing which emphasizes cloud users can elastically leverage computing resources on demand through the internet has recently become a hot issue. Many studies claimed that this rental model of providing storage resources as a service to users would be good for business to save the cost of investing in information technology which attracts lots of business owners. On the other hand, adoption of cloud computing service may arise several concerns like data security, service reliability and so on. In all, it is really hard to strike a balance during the decision-making process whether should business adopt cloud services. In this research, we explored the determinants of using cloud service form business users’ viewpoints which limited to the import/export industry in Taiwan. Based on past literature, we adopted five dimensions in decision-making: perceived benefits, security and trust, recognition of innovation, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Investigating the findings through questionnaire survey, we found that the above dimensions can explain 60% variation of the causes of adopting cloud services to business users and the most sufficient impact factor is perceived usefulness.
30

影響天津吸引外來投資的決定因素 / Determinants of foreign direct investment in Tianjin, China

謝忠國 Unknown Date (has links)
中國大陸自1978年確定改革開放政策,天津自改革開放初期的經濟發展面對資金和技術不足的問題。1990年末期,因為外商企業在天津長期投資,對天津產業技術提升及企業管理發揮積極作用,使天津市擠身中國大陸最吸引外來投資之地區之一。1992年鄧小平南巡再次確認中國大陸積極對外開放政策後,天津之外來投資呈現倍數之高度成長。2010年度,天津之外來投資金額更是突破百億美元大關。本文之研究目的冀討論天津在1990年第至2010年,影響各國家地區對天津投資之決定因素。本文採用天津此1990年至2010年累計最高投資金額之前九個國家地區之資料,利用固定效果模型估計,結果顯示決定因素有相對實質匯率、相對每人國內生產毛額、工資率及時間趨勢,另外各國家地區對於天津之地理距離透過分析亦可知其自發性投資呈現負相關。為降低實證模型發生錯誤,將各種統計量之檢定方法加以檢定,皆獲得通過。 / China has adopted and confirmed the so-called Open Door Policy since 1978. Tianjin faced the shortage of capital and technology in the early period of the implement of the Policy. However, in the end of 1990, Tianjin became one of the most attracting foreign investment cities in China because the foreign direct investment had played an important role and positively influenced industries upgrade and business management in the city. The amount of foreign direct investment in Tianjin has a high speed growth after Deng Xiaoping’s southern trip in 1992 to confirm the determination of China’s open door policy again. In 2010, the amount of foreign direct investment in Tianjin was impressively over ten billion US dollars. The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of foreign direct investment from different countries and districts in Tianjin from 1990 to 2010. The study adopted fixed-effect model to investigate the determinants of foreign direct investment in Tianjin with the top nine countries and districts in the period of 1990 to 2010. The results revealed relative currency rate, relative GDP per capita, relative wage rate and time trend are the most important factor in attracting foreign direct investment in Tianjin in the period. Another result showed the geographical distance has a negative relationship to foreign direct investment in Tianjin by fixed effect analysis. In order to reduce the occurrence of mistakes, the model and result results also have been tested through related tests methods.

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