本研究主要以文化治理切入分析影展，並以台北電影節作為研究個案。台北電影節與政府的緊密關係則為本研究選擇文化治理之因。本研究先梳影展與文化治理的概念，並回溯台北電影節十八年來的歷史，最後透過田野研究與深度訪談聚焦於影展工作者。 影展研究的特殊來自其場域的高度複雜性，從多重行動者，到與產業的關係。同時影展高度受限於時空條件，例如：舉辦時間、地點、台北電影節在全球電影產業分工下的角色。全台唯一針對台灣電影設立的台北電影獎也成了其特殊之處，受惠於此的同時也深受其牽制。 台北電影節的設立與大方向訂定與政府／文化局的政策緊密扣連。然而在人事浮動和台灣政治環境下，除了「以文化作為治理方法」，也產生「文化成為被治理對象」的現象。台北電影節有過半經費來自台北市文化局，行政體系上又隸屬財團法人台北市文化基金會，必須遵守嚴格的公文、核銷請款流程。 然而卻與影展工作者特質相互矛盾，影展工作者多半愛好自由、對工作有相當執著等，也因此更容易對繁瑣行政體系產生反彈，同時影展工作常見的短聘制度更是不利公文體系的運作和經驗傳承。原以方便管理、防弊為出發的行政流程，卻吻合Foucault 談論的治理性，治理並不特定指涉國家機器，而是由不同論述推砌。除了由外向內，更同時進行主體化，成為由內向外的規訓。 / This study aims to analyze film festival through the concept of cultural governance. Due to the perceived close relationship between Taipei Film Festival and Taipei government, this festival has been chosen as the case study. It will begin by exploring the concepts of “film festival” and “cultural governance”, and the history of Taipei Film Festival and will focus on the workers through field study as well as in-depth interview. The field of film festival is highly complex. Its diversity of actors, close relationship with film industry, limited time and space, and the global situation concerning film industry all play parts in the performance of a film festival. Taipei Film Awards, a competition specialising in Taiwanese films, also makes Taipei Film Festival more confined in its creativity while brining it much resources. The close relationship Taipei Film Festival has with Department of Cultural Affairs, Taipei City Government makes its cultural aspect gets oppressed with endless administrative procedures to follow in order to gain financial and administrative support. Culture, in this case, has turned into a tool of administration; while on the other hand is ruled over by political decisions as well. The strict administrative procedures pose strong contrast to the nature of film festival workers as they often develop a system on their own to deal with the tons of work that befall on them. They therefore tend to oppose onerous oversight. On the other hand, the short-term contracts, which are common in film festival, also keeps the system from working fluidly. Administration is now coherence with what Foucault called “governance”. Instead only refer to government, governance is about different discourses. Governance is a process of subjectification, not only from to inside, also become the discipline which works from inside to outside.

自2008年金融海嘯以來金融新創公司崛起，運用新科技如雲端系統、大數據分析、物聯網等，將之應用於金融產品或企業營運模式中，此波趨勢亦影響傳統金融業者，顛覆其原有的商業模式。歐美國家之金融業紛紛投入金融科技的研究，藉由資訊科技業與金融業跨領域之合作，不同思維模式之間擦出的火花，讓金融業更為蓬勃發展。又新創公司如雨後春筍般立，為金融業帶來重大轉變，亦使得金融科技一詞成為近年來商業界最廣為討論的話題。 根據世界經濟論壇發布的一篇研究報告指出未來金融科技的演變將造成金融業之消費模式、產品型態和企業經營結構之變革，其中又以保險業首當其衝，最先受到金融科技的衝擊。保險科技一詞承接著金融科技，代表著保險業與資訊科技業的合作，在相輔相成以降低經營成本之餘，還能夠為消費者帶來全新的保險體驗。在此之下，本文欲探討受到高度監理的保險業如何在金融科技之下跟上創新的腳步，以推出符合消費者需求的商品。而相較於國外保險科技較為成熟之發展，我國保險業的創新腳步稍嫌慢了一些，故本文主要透過研究英國、美國和新加坡等地之保險業創新經營模式和保險商品，以供我國未來保險業作為參考和改良基礎。再者，傳統保險業者和新創公司如何在這被稱之為「破壞式創新」的革新當中嶄露頭角並取得領先之地位亦是本文探討議題之一。 此外，我國金融監督管理委員會在今年5月發佈金融科技發展策略白皮書，和立法院甫通過金融科技創新八法之修正草案的初審，顯示我國政府亦逐漸重視金融科技的發展，開始透過國家的力量推動金融業之創新。本文藉由比較英國和新加坡主管機關對於保險業之監理，反思我國往後立法或監理之發展方向。又對於主管機關而言，如何在消費者權益與鼓勵創新之間取捨，如何拿捏其中的平衡是長久以來的難題，因此，本文將借鏡各國保險業的發展現況，藉以探討我國在產業方面的因應和主管機關相關規範的設立。 最後，期望藉由本文的歸納和研究成果提供我國保險業未來發展方面的建議，以及政府機關可能採取的政策，還有消費者方面在變革之下應有的心態。

近年來科技匯流發展日行千里，新興無線寬頻的接取技術（Broadband Wireless Access）不斷升級，為民眾的生活帶來更便利的創新應用，而寬頻接取服務的亦由以往一種技術提供一種服務的方式，逐漸轉換為涵蓋數據（Data）、語音（Voice）及影音內容（Video）等三種服務的匯流。加速了電信、廣電與網路通訊產業升級的需求，也帶來了新的市場動能與發展契機。 本研究以台灣為研究範本，以個案研究方法來探討在網路為基礎的數位匯流環境下數位生活之發展趨勢、個案公司科技產品未來的發展趨勢及因應策略。 而本研究發現未來家用閘道器產品市場，將會朝向整合家中所有可上網設備的整合性產品特性發展。亦將會是國內網通設備商值得切入的新領域。娛樂型家用閘道器，目前市場上多以機上盒(Set top box, STB)加上Router的功能型態出現，惟必須等待STB零售市場打開後，國內的廠商將會有機會創造更大利潤空間。而個案公司在研發方向應以Cable Docsis的核心技術為中心,從水平方向擴展至家庭網路的Home applications。追求更快的速度,更多元化的網路技術和更方便的寬頻服務。在縱向方面,我們則以完整的解決方案為主軸,往頭端CMTS技術和網管為發展重點。

表演藝術為富涵社會文化價值之資產之一，然由於國內的藝術消費量偏低、政府補助及企業贊助等收入來源的不確定，使得表演藝術團體面臨營運上的困境，為在藝術行銷的幫助下，藉體驗行銷的觀念與架構分析觀眾的消費行為，瞭解影響其表演藝術消費體驗的因素與評估準則，以達成藝術價值與商業市場間的平衡，真正改善表演團體的營運狀況。 本研究經由表演藝術消費體驗之相關文獻，歸納出影響體驗之美學、社會、經驗及知名度等四大因素：美學因素涵蓋涉入程度與產品知識，社會因素包括社會地位、個人形象、參考群體以及家庭教育，經驗因素包括兒童及青少年時期經驗與前次經驗，知名度因素則探討表演團體的創作面與表演面的知名度。再藉由體驗的觀念劃分消費體驗的組成，進而納入表演藝術的特性與體驗評估的概念，發展含括表演本身、外在目的及表演團體之三大評估標的，並以消費者的滿意度為總衡量指標。在連結諸因素、消費與衡量準則間的關係後，形成動機、體驗、及評估的完整消費行為架構，並依研究目的劃分為影響表演藝術消費之因素模式與體驗評估模式兩大研究架構，以驗證相關之假說，釐清各項影響因素與表演藝術消費量、消費類型、及滿意度間的關係。 相較於過去大多數文獻的探索性研究，本研究以問卷調查法進行量化之分析，以台北市音樂、戲劇、舞蹈、及戲曲四大表演藝術節目類型之消費者為研究母體，於民國90年的2-4月間，自18場演出的觀眾中便利抽樣，由發出之5,250份問卷中，回收有效問卷897份。在實證分析上，將四大類別的表演藝術消費者個別進行統計分析之假說檢定，再將各類資料彙整以整合模式分析，最後以所有模式中顯著項目的比較，進行本研究假說的驗證。 研究結果發現：消費者的產品知識、擁有偏好藝術的朋友數目、自我認知的社會地位、兒童及青少年時期的接觸經驗、家庭成員的藝術消費量、及表演團體的知名度等，與表演藝術的消費量成正相關；消費者對藝術的涉入程度、及早期經驗中接觸的藝術類型，影響目前消費表演藝術的類型；消費者對藝術的涉入程度、參考群體的意見、及消費者的觀賞經驗，影響評估標的的重要性及整體滿意度，同時，上述之研究結果因四大表演藝術類型消費者之不同，而有類別上的差異。因此，根據本研究結果，進而納入體驗行銷的執行觀念，對整體表演藝術界及四大類別的表演團體提出不同行銷策略上之建議，並可作為政府在制訂文化政策時的參考，同時在學術貢獻上更進一步為表演藝術消費行為及體驗行銷的研究領域，豐富了彼此的內涵。 / Performing arts is one of the cultural assets in the society. However, due to the low consumption in arts and uncertainties of subsidies from the government and corporations, performing arts groups are now facing obstacles in operation. By employing the framework of Experiential Marketing, the paper aims to analyze the consuming behavior of audiences in the respects of the factors that influence the performing arts experiences and the evaluating criteria. With the sound understanding on the target customers, the performing arts groups, thus, will be able to reach the balance of arts value and market revenue by the assistance of arts marketing. According to literature, the study consolidates four factors that influence performing arts experiences; they are aesthetic factor, social factor, experiential factor, and brand-awareness factor, each of which represents different concepts. Aesthetic factor contains involvement and product knowledge. Social factor includes social status, self-image, reference group and family education. Experiential factor consists of childhood/adolescent experiences and the last viewing experience. Brand-awareness factor refers to creation-brand and acting-brand of the performing arts group. Incorporating the consumption experience characteristics, performing arts traits, and experience-evaluated concepts, the study develops three evaluating targets including performance, outside purpose, and performing arts group in the evaluation model, whereas consumer satisfaction is regarded as the indicator. By connecting the factors, consumption, and the evaluating criteria, the framework represents a complete consumer behavior process. To testify the related hypothesis, research framework is divided into factor model and evaluation model. Unlike most of the literature, which employs exploratory research methods, this study uses quantitative method to investigate audiences of music, theatre, dance, and traditional drama in Taipei. Convenience sampling was undertaken in releasing the questionnaire in 18 performances during February and April in the year of 2001. 897 valid consumer data out of the released 5, 250 is collected. In statistics process, four types of audience data are first separated into 4 different models, and then combined into a full model. Hypothesis verified is through outcome comparison of the five models. The result indicates that: product knowledge of the consumer, numbers of friends fond of arts, self-cognition on the social status, childhood/ adolescent arts-related experiences, arts consumption of family members and brand-awareness of performing arts group are all positively related to performing arts consumption. Arts-involvement, satisfaction of the reference group, and the last viewing experience of consumer affect the importance of evaluating targets and total consumer satisfaction. Four aesthetic types of audiences are found different in these outcomes. In conclusion, combining the result and the strategies of Experiential Marketing, the study proposes some suggestions in marketing strategies to four types of performing arts groups. Meanwhile, the research may serve as an implication for the government in formulating the national cultural policy. Furthermore, the research enriches the academic fields both on arts consumer behavior and Experiential Marketing.

因應全世界電信自由化潮流，台灣自1997年開始解禁電信事業，開放民營，其相關產業－通訊產業更因此而相繼頭角崢嶸、蓬勃發展，通訊產業已然繼半導體產業之後成為二十一世紀的明星產業。 　本研究採取個案訪談方式，探討台灣地區通訊產業的技術創新策略與績效表現間的關聯性，以及外部環境如何影響廠商對技術創新策略組合的選擇與績效表現。由於通訊產業涵蓋範圍極廣，因此根據有線、無線傳輸方式、其間子產業的特性以及上、下游廠商可能的關聯性，將其細分為通訊原料、微波通訊、行動通訊、寬頻通訊、光纖通訊、電信服務等六大類，因行動通訊部份無法找到配合訪談廠商因此作罷，然因此部份研究近來亦頗為盛行，讀者或可從其他相關文獻一窺端倪。除實際深度探訪九家個案公司之外，亦蒐集相關產業資料以資比對，因而歸納、推導出以下結論： 　一、個案公司因分屬不同子產業別而採行不同的技術創新策略組合，明顯地可以劃分出三種組合，分別是「冒險型」、「積極型」與「穩健型」，另有一種「模仿跟進型」，通常於成熟期產業可發現，並未出現在本研究個案中。訪談結果發現當企業採行冒險或積極型態的策略組合時，其績效表現會優於同類型產業的平均水準。 　二、個案公司因分屬不同子產業別，具有不同的子產業特性，因而具有不盡相同的外部環境，明顯地可以劃分出四種類型的外部環境。分別是第一類的高度動態、高度競爭與高度異質性；第二類的高度動態、高度競爭與中度異質性；第三類的高度動態、中度競爭與中度異質性；第四類的中度動態、中度競爭與中度異質性。 　三、個案公司因分屬不同子產業別，或為因應身處不同類型的外部環境，因而採取不同積極程度的技術創新策略組合，以求取最佳績效表現。訪談結果發現在第一類與第三類環境下採取冒險型的策略組合，以及在第二類與第四類環境下採取積極型態的策略組合，皆具有不錯的績效表現。 　綜上所述，我們可看出通訊產業內廠商除應瞭解本身所屬專業領域特質、所處子產業細部環境的變動情況，更應慎選合適的技術創新策略組合，以為企業謀取最大、最佳的績效表現。 / Communication Industry has become the leading industry in 21st century in Taiwan ever since the deregulation of telecommunication in Taiwan. In order to investigate the relationship between the technology innovation strategy conducted by the Communication Industry and firm's performance, as well as the impact of environment as a moderator to the relationship between technology innovation strategy and performance, we have conducted the research by case study. As the widespread coverage of Communication Industry, we roughly classify the industry into six categories including communication chip, microwave communication, mobile communication, broadband communication, fiber communication and telecommunication service based on the way of transmission and vertical relationship in industry. However, mobile communication was not interviewed due to reasons. In addition to the findings from case study, we also collect the specific industry information for cross reference. Research findings are described as follows： 1. Case companies belonging to different sub-industry conduct numerous portfolio of technology innovation strategy. There are three types of portfolio formed, which are adventurous, aggressive and conservative type. The findings show that the financial performance will be better than the industry average when companies adopt adventurous or aggressive portfolio. 　2. Case companies belonging to different sub-industry face various types of competitive environment; we find four types of environment formed. The environment are measured by three dimensions including dynamism, hostility, and heterogeneity which impact are distinguished into three levels, high, moderate, and low separately. The first type is high in three dimensions. The second is the same as the first one except its heterogeneity is moderate. The third is high in dynamism, moderate in hostility and in heterogeneity. The fourth is all-moderate. 　3. Case companies belonging to different sub-industry have various types of competitive environment;therefore they have to conduct different portfolio of technology innovation strategy for best performance. The findings show that companies adopt the adventurous portfolio under the first and the third type of environment, and companies adopt the aggressive portfolio under the second and fourth type will have better financial performance. 　To sum up, we suggest the Communication Industry know clearly about the competitive environment and its characteristics before conducting an appropriate portfolio of technology innovation strategy to acquire the best financial performance.

知識的力量在現今的社會，已經愈來愈被重視，如何運用已經存在的知識，是目前許多人急於想了解的。在此情況下，學術界的論文也成為一股很強大的知識力量，許多研究者在當中搜尋有用的文獻當成知識來運用，希望藉由前人的研究，可以不斷的在研究領域上有所進展和發現，但知識管理在學術文獻上的應用仍是不足，大多數人也非常容易忽略這樣的知識資產，當有研究者想要研究某一領域的研究論文之時，常需要花不少時間來整理和尋找，也因論文未有效的分類，以至於若想找到相關的論文，也必須花費一翻功夫才行。如果我們可以利用知識管理中的方式，建構起一張對台灣資訊管理學科碩、博士論文的知識地圖，未來在運用龐大的文獻資料之時，我們就擁有了一個好的嚮導，可以指引我們搜尋的方向，節省許多研究者寶貴的時間。 　本研究的目的特別針對兩點做出研究，一方面瞭解目前在台灣碩、博士論文中資訊管理學科近三年來援用的理論概況，另一方面將資訊管理學科近三年來在台灣所發表的碩、博士論文加以分類探討。依據這兩方面來看出我國資訊管理學域近三年的研究重點為何，在學術上各校的發展又有何傾向，再以這幾個構面來整理出一張屬於台灣資訊管理學科的「知識地圖」。最後根據研究結果與發現，對於台灣近年來所發展的資訊管理學科方向、理論來源這兩部份做出彙總和整理，讓以後想尋找台灣資訊管理學科碩、博士論文相關資料的研究者做為參考，期待可以對學術界有所貢獻。 / The rapid development of science and technology is characteristic of today's modern civilizations. In such a society, knowing how to pick up information from a load of various data and take advantage of it usefully and efficiently means one holds the key to the door of success. The old proverb ‘Knowledge is power', therefore, becomes more meaningful in this competitive society. 　Undoubtedly, essays and research achievements from academic circles perform as a great resource, too, which enables researchers to follow predecessors and make progress and new findings on the existent basis. However, knowledge management in academic documents still lacks its efficient application. When common people often neglect the treasure aside and just go away, researchers are busy seeking and sorting the materials available, causing the waste of time. For this reason, to collect both the M. D’s and Ph. D’s essays of the Science of Information Management available in Taiwan and establish a network becomes an important task that cannot be delayed. There are two major goals in this study: firstly, to find out the theories applied to the Science of Information Management in the recent three years in Taiwan; secondly, to sort and study these various researches in this science. Then we can see the major emphases in this study field, the scholastic trends in each school's development, and thus form the ‘knowledge map’ we intend to make. I sincerely expect the compilation and arrangement of the theory bases and trends in the Science of Information Management in recent Taiwan can be a reference to researchers who take interest in this subject and contribute to this academic field.

在實戰經驗中，創造價值的根基來自組織核心能力和組織知識流通，同時深受內外部技術知識網路互動機制的影響。從文獻和實際個案探討中發現幾項特徵： 一、技術知識特質專屬性程度低，影響企業技術知識網路傾向與外部結合，專屬性程度高則傾向與內部結合。技術知識外顯程度低而附著於人時，內部技術知識網路傾向集中；外顯程度文件化高時，內部技術知識網路則傾向分散。 二、內部技術知識網路分工精細，組織知識較多樣化，組織知識流通漸趨複雜，必須經由專案團隊的組成和跨疆界的連結，促進組織知識的流通。軟體產品開發團隊成員包括：結構工程師(Architect)、產品經理(PM)、研發工程師(RD))、測試工程師(QA)以及介面設計工程師(PC)。 三、內部技術網路跨疆界的連結，促進組織動態能耐的演進。內部技術知識網路依靠主要成員開創和維繫，同時為組織核心能力之形成，奠定發展根基。組織知識的流通，非常需要團隊跨層級、跨功能、跨疆界順暢無礙的運作。 四、內部技術知識網路連結機制有效的建立和運用，直接影響組織知識的吸收、創造、和蓄積。企業應相當著重溝通機制的設計和推動。如老手帶新手的師徒制、各種例行會議、技術交流會、超聯結式的空中飛人、進駐現場、內部學習網站，都是用心營造組織知識的吸收、創造、和蓄積的良好連結機制。 五、顧客知識成為技術知識重要來源，有助於組織知識吸引、創造和蓄積，強化組織能力。 六、在Internet時代，因應科技變化，發展網際網路化(Weblization)技術知識，融合擴張以建構專屬核心能力。讓顧客能力成為組織技術知識的來源。並能乘科技興起之勢(Free Energy)，創新商業模式，發揮善用組織知識，創造企業全新價值。

創新技術採用是一策略性議題，涉及企業與環境之間的介面管理和企業內部組織面與策略面的調整及規劃，因此企業在評估創新技術採用上應以系統觀點加以考量。在過去關於創新採用之文獻中較少針對通訊方面的技術加以探討，較多是針對企業採用自動化系統、管理資訊系統等議題，本研究選擇通訊技術中無線終端接取網際網路之技術應用WAP為題，探討國內包括行動電話系統業者及WAP領域的相關業者，在採用該項創新技術上的關鍵評估因素，藉以瞭解該項技術採用對業者之策略意涵。 本研究以定性分析之方法，採取個案訪談之方式，個案對象包括三家行動電話系統業者、銀行與兩家開發WAP應用機制之業者。根據文獻及個案訪談結果，提出四項影響創新技術採用決策之構面因素，分別是企業內部因素，包括組織面及策略面、產業環境、市場因素和技術特性；此外，本研究並提出一項情境因素，即政府法規。研究結果顯示，在電信這類高科技產業中，技術往往具有導引產業發展之地位，在此情況下，創新技術採用決策被少數幾項關鍵因素所支配。新技術資訊多掌握在技術供應商，因此技術供應商的推動是創新採用的主要原因之一。其次新技術對競爭態勢之衝擊，使得業者必須在策略上有所規劃以預做因應，因此競爭策略亦影響創新採用之取向。另外，由於行動通訊服務屬於一種系統性產品，也就是必須聯合所有組件方能產生效用，技術與系統相容性的問題亦是影響採用決策之關鍵因素。相容性會進一步促進服務的普及，使得市場成長，並帶動所謂網路效應的產生。 本研究根據個案訪談結果，提出創新技術採用決策架構。此架構中，企業內部因素以組織面之組織結構化程度與企業營業規模，以及策略面之競爭策略、競爭態勢與高階主管的技術認知程度最具關鍵性。產業環境方面，競爭程度及與供應商之互動對決策之評估具有關鍵性。市場因素以網路規模及產品範圍，技術特性則以相容性及複雜性具關鍵性。根據本研究之發現與結論，建議相關業者應儘量以內容形成差異化，以提高顧客之轉換成本進而創造鎖住效果，並且將創新技術採用由功能性思考提升至策略性思考，另外，由於技術快速變化，企業在採用評估上應採取預應式的評估方式，尤其在電信產業，掌握新技術資訊，並且預先在策略上與組織上加以規劃調整，更是企業續存的必要條件。在學術貢獻上，本研究突顯出對於穩定之技術及演進中之技術，在採用決策上評估重點之差異，並且建構了關於演進中之技術如通訊技術的採用決策架構，此架構強調關鍵因素之影響，同時也呈現關鍵因素之動態性。 / This study examines the adoption of innovative technology, such as WAP (Wireless Application Protocol), which allows users of mobile phones to access Internet. The purpose of this study is to identify the determinants contributing to the adoption of innovative technology. Unlike previous studies that focused on mature technology: for instance, information systems, manufacturing automation systems, or CAD/CAM, this study highlights fast changing technology-telecommunication. Based on the technological innovation literatures, this study proposes a model with four dimensions, such as corporate inner factors including organization and strategy, industrial environment, market factors, and characteristics of technology. Case studies were conducted in 3 operators, I bank, and 2 WAP solution providers. The results of this study show that organizational factors (organization structure and size), strategic factors (competitive strategy, competitive posture, and level of technological knowledge of CEO), industrial environment (competitive magnitude and vendors' initiative), market factors (the scale of networks and product scopes), and characteristics of technology (compatibility and complexity) are the most important determinants in the decision of adopting new technology. Besi es that, the study also finds a new contextual variable, government policy, which will influence the decision of adopting new technology in a corporate. This research provides a decision model of WAP adoption in which company will use it as a platform to provide value-added service like providing customized information, mobile banking services, or online brokerage services. Since the Internet and the mobile telephony have both been growing so fast, many companies need to develop some applications to create their competitive advantage with new technology. This model will assist managers to evaluate if they really need to adopt innovative technology and how it will enhance performance of the company.

近年來以技術為主要生產因素的高科技產業帶動全球經濟的發展，而建設台灣成為綠色矽島是政府揭櫫的產業發展方向，也是台灣未來產業生存的利基所在。資訊服務業屬於高科技產業之一，在網際網路蓬勃發展之下，各個市場區隔潛藏著無限商機。而如何透過策略的制定以取得競爭優勢，技術創新策略的考量是重點之一。 本研究將技術創新策略以策略觀點進行探討，並深入探討技術創新策略與績效之關連性，以及外在產業環境對此關連性之影響。本研究之技術策略構面包含內部研發、產品升級、智慧財產權、突破性創新產品、外部技術來源等技術創新策略；產業環境構面探討外在產業環境之異質性、變動性、競爭性等；績效構面包含投資報酬率、市場佔有率及營業額等。 研究成果發現技術創新策略會對績效產生影響，且採用積極預應型之技術創新策略之績效優於採用消極反應型之技術創新策略。就技術創新策略與環境配合而言，採用積極預應型技術創新策略配合高不確定產業環境之企業，其績效最佳。 / The high-tech industries with technology as the main production factor bring the great economic growth around the world. Information service industry is one of the high-tech industries and there is potential profit in every market segment with the fast developing Internet application. Technology innovation strategy is the key strategy to gain the competitive advantage. In this research, we explore the relationship between the technology innovation strategy and performance and the moderating role of external environment. The technology innovation strategy construct contains R&D spending level, product upgrade, intellectual property right, radical innovations, and external technology sources. The environment construct contains heterogeneity, dynamism, hostility. The performance construct contains return on investment, market share, and sales revenue. The result shows that technology innovation strategy affect the performance. Companies with the pioneer technology innovation posture have better performance than the follower. The pioneer technology innovation posture fit with uncertain environment will have the best performance.

處於競爭激烈、產品生命週期短暫和快速變動的時代裡，製程創新活動成為廠商競爭優勢的關鍵因素之一。Pisano（1995）研究指出廠商藉由製程創新活動來強化競爭優勢，包括：加速產品上市時間、加快爬坡速度、提高使用者接受性、強化專利產品地位等，其他學者也認為廠商應該重視製程創新活動，以因應未來的環境趨勢。國內製造業向來以製造能力見長於國際舞台，近年來半導體產業和資訊電子產業的表現更顯示廠商優異的製造實力。儘管如此，有關這方面的研究仍然非常少，因此本研究的目的是探討我國廠商製程創新活動之重要關鍵因素，期望能對這方面進行較為整體性的分析。 根據技術創新相關理論，本研究以技術網路、人員、組織和制度四構面探討半導體產業和主機板產業製程創新活動之重要因素和差異性，所得到的研究發現如下： 1. 製程創新活動可區分為四類型：獨立型、依賴型、主導型和協調型。獨立型廠商傾向於獨自開發新製程技術，依賴型廠商則傾向於透過技術網路提升製程技術水準；在對內和對外的製程創新活動上主導型廠商的整合能力較強，協調型廠商則較弱。 2. 不同製程創新類型有不同的製程知識來源。在來源方面，半導體產業（流程產業）顯示出較集中的現象，主機板產業（非流程產業）則顯得較分散。 3. 與設備供應商的互動關係為製程創新活動之重要影響因素，不同類型的廠商與設備供應商的互動關係不同。 4. 主機板廠商（非流程產業）藉由製程知識輸出來提高外包廠商的製程品質，製程創新程度越高的廠商與外包廠商的關係越密切。 5. 人員的技術和經驗為製程創新活動中重要的因素之一，半導體廠商（流程產業）特別強調研發人員的量產經驗。 6. 製程創新程度越高，廠商的製程技術單位之主導權越大。 7. 製程創新程度越高，廠商越傾向於設立製程技術協調單位。 目錄 / Abstract In highly competitive, short product life cycle and quickly changing environment, process innovation is one of a firm’s key competitive advantages. Pisano & Wheelwright (1995) consider that firms which do their best in process innovation can enhance their competitive advantages, including shortening time to market, increasing ramp-up speed, enhancing users’ acceptance, increasing product’s patent status and so on. Hayes & Wheelwright (1984) point out the concept of manufacturing strategy, consider that firms should escalate the role of the manufacturing division to decision-making on top management level, and claim that competitive advantages which are based on manufacturing capabilities will direct the decision-making process of marketing and engineering in future. To catch up adaptability for the trend of the future environment, other scholars also suggest that firms should actively make efforts to execute process innovation activities. Manufacturing firms in Taiwan display their manufacturing competence on international status, especially in IC industry and in information technology industry. Therefore, Taiwan is always named as “manufacture kingdom”. In the past, industrial firms’ process innovation is mainly thinking about employing cheaper labors and buying newer equipment. However, now they pay more attention to research and develop process technology, to enhance production process integration capabilities, to increase production flexibility and so on. For example, TSMC and UMC in Taiwan have more advanced process technology, which is about at the same technological level as IC industrial leading firms oversea. Their advanced process technology not only creates many benefits but also drives the development of other related industries. Their success shows us that process innovation will bring firms continuously high growing rate and take long-run competitive advantages. By forgoing observation, this paper wishes to discover what makes Taiwan the manufacturing kingdom and how do firms increase process advantages and execute process innovation activities. So the purpose of this paper is to find out what influences a firm’s performance of process innovation and how foregoing factors affect new process innovation and existing process innovation. Utterback (1994) finds assembled product and non-assembled product have different characteristics in innovation activities. Skinner (1992) explores how stakeholders are within their cognizance about a firm’s process innovation, and finds that there are different focuses between process industry and non-process industry. Therefore, this paper will go further to study how foregoing factors influence process performance in process industry and in non-process industry. According to some related technology innovation theories and innovation theories, this paper is conducted based on four key dimensions: technology network, people, structure and management. Then, this paper infers some important items of forgoing dimensions from past studies to build the research framework of the paper. These items in technology network dimension are equipment suppliers, material and component suppliers, satellite factories, group/strategic leaguer/consumer and research institutions. In people dimension, this paper mainly wants to explore how personnel’s skills and experience influence process performance. Structure dimension contains three items, which are organizational structure, task allocation and strategy. This paper lists important items in management dimension, including rewarding system, training & education, information system and coordination mechanism. Because related studies in the past explore only a part of process innovation, this paper employs case study to examine process innovation more systematically and completely. To explore a firm’s process innovation of high-tech industry in Taiwan, this paper chooses four IC manufacturing firms (process industry) and four motherboard firms (non- process industry) as research samples, which have better performance than others in their industry. Moreover, this paper classifies these samples into four groups according to the industrial characteristics and the process innovation level. In the field of IC industry (process industry), Fab-T and Fab-U are famous for advanced process technology and continuous research on advanced process technology. So this paper explores the development of the new process technology in Fab-T and Fab-U, and the improvement of existing process technology in Fab-M and Fab-K. In the field of motherboard industry, MB-A is the only motherboard firm in Taiwan, which has process patents in Taiwan now. And MB-G actively executes process innovation recently, including package and product vibrating tests. So this paper properly classifies MB-A and MB-G as a group with higher process innovation level, and explores their advanced process innovation activities. Then MB-T and MB-E are classified as lower process innovation on lower level group, and this paper explores how they improve existing process innovation. By a series of analysis about primary and secondary data of eight firms, the conclusions of this paper are: 1. There are four types in process innovation: Independent Firms, Dependent Firms, Directing Firms and Coordinating Firms. In IC industry, the Independent Firms almost develops new process innovation alone; the Dependent Firms tend to properly aided by members of technology network to enhance process innovation level. In motherboard industry, the Directing Firms have stronger relationship with menders of process innovation activities, which actively respond to the process technology unit, the Coordinating Firms have weaker relationship. 2. Different types in process innovation have different sources of process-related knowledge. The sources of IC Firms are more convergent, however the sources of motherboard firms are more divergent. 3. One of the key factors in process innovation is equipment suppliers, with which different types have different interaction. 4. Motherboard firms actively enhance the production quality of satellite factories through process knowledge output. Motherboard firms with higher process innovative level have more closely cooperating relation with their satellite factories. 5. The people is one of the key factors in process innovation. IC firms put more emphasis on the mass-production experience of engineers. 6. Whether it is in IC industry (process industry) or in motherboard industry (non-process industry), firms with higher process innovation level tend to give the process technology unit more power to integrate activities among different departments. 7. Whether it is in IC industry (process industry) or in motherboard industry (non-process industry), firms with higher process innovation level tend to set up the technology coordination unit. Finally, this paper has some advises from forgoing conclusions, and wishes to efficiently enhance a firm’s performance and production yields. These advises are: 1. The Depending Firms should do their best to improve relations with members of technology network. 2. To efficiently use resources and to increase performance in short terms, the first thing of the Coordinating Firms should do is to enhance process capabilities, instead of building good cooperative relation with members of technologic network. 3. Firms should set up a special technology-coordinating unit, which can efficiently increase interaction among different departments. 4. Firms should give more power to the process technology unit, so that it can cooperate with other departments more efficiently.