Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur professionella som är verksamma inom socialtjänst, äldrevård och HVB-hem arbetar med individer som visar tecken på kognitiv svikt, demens och alkoholmissbruk. Datainsamlingsmetoden utgjordes av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Sex (6) intervjuer genomfördes totalt och transkriberades sedan ordagrant. Det insamlade materialet analyserades sedan genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Det analyserade materialet tolkades sedan genom den socialekologiska systemteorin. Vissa delar av resultatet från intervjuerna visar att kunskapsbristen inom området skapar olika förutsättningar för arbetsgruppen. Andra delar visade även positiva och negativa exempel på samverkan mellan olika verksamheter. Dessutom visade resultatet även hur politiska beslut och avsaknaden av evidens kan orsaka förändrade förutsättningar för de professionellas arbete. Sammanfattningsvis visade resultaten vikten av samverkan i en kontext där klientens behov kan erbjudas av flera olika verksamheter. Dessutom visade även resultatet hur verksamheterna påverkas av både kunskapsbrister och svårigheter med att samla in evidens. Det kan även föreligga ett behov att reflektera över tidigare socialt arbete för att förstå hur framtidens sociala arbete eventuellt kan förbättras. / The purpose of this study is to examine how professional employees working at social work offices and care homes experience possible opportunities and obstacles while working with individuals showing signs of both cognitive impairment, dementia and the misuse of alcohol. The method of which the material was collected was through semi-structured interviews. In total, six (6) interviews were conducted and later transcribed verbatim. The material was compiled through qualitative content analysis. The compiled material was then later analysed through the social ecological systematic theory. Some of the contents provided through the interviews showed a lack of knowledge regarding the work surrounding the group mentioned above. Other parts of the interview showed both positive and negative examples within cooperation between multiple organisations. The contents also gave examples of how the work is affected by political decisions and also obstructed by the lack of evidence surrounding the group. In conclusion, the results showed how crucial cooperation can be in a context where the afflicted is in need of several instances of help from several different organisations. Moreover, the results also showed a lack in both knowledge and the acquiring of evidence. There may also be a need to reflect on earlier social work to see how future social work can be improved.

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In recent years alcohol consumption among the elderly population in Sweden has risen. While cooperation between elder care organisations and addiction and substance abuse organisations among individual municipalities has increased, only a fifth of Swedish municipalities have revised guidelines directed toward elder care, describing how social workers are supposed to process this part of the elder population. Meanwhile, New Public Management has caused a fragmentation in social work where organisations have an increased focus on their own areas of responsibility as well as standardised aid increasing the risk of clients not getting the aid they may need. The purpose of this mixed methods study is to understand how social workers within elder care are expected to work with elders who abuse or engage in risk-filled use of alcohol. In order to accomplish this we have chosen to study guidelines for social workers specialised in elder care. The documents are developed by 30 different municipalities found through Socialstyrelsens “Öppna Jämförelser 2021” and in addition to these guidelines, the study also aims to analyse a survey directed toward social workers in the same municipalities in order to generalise the results. In conclusion, New Public Management has provided Swedish social services with specialised social workers. Working from different offices within a municipality creates cause for cooperation to which, in some municipalities, there are not sufficient guidelines describing clear proceedings when it comes to processing elders with addiction or substance abuse.

The aim of this study was to examine the level of crisis readiness within the eldercare sector. Because of the worsened security landscape in the world, crisis readiness has become a focal point on the political agenda. The crisis we explore are the types of crisis that could follow a war or the grayzone between war and peace which in Swedish is called “skymningsläge”. The crisis we focus on in the study are power failure, crisis regarding water supply, food and medicin distribution and cyber-attacks. Our survey aimed to explore the new institutional theory to gain insights into the dynamics of social work within the context of crisis management,focusing on organizations' adaptability to new security challenges. By examining the responses of frontline managers, we sought to understand the impact the organizations have on the elder care facilities. Our findings showed discrepancies between municipal and private sectors with front line managers within the private sector demonstrating a culture of greater openness to make changes for improved crisis readiness. However, in terms of crisis readiness, no significant advantage was found for private facilities. By exploring the perspectives of the first line managers we could also understand what impact the organizations have on the managers situation. Our study also showed a correlation between training in crisis management and confidence in leading during crises. The survey also showed that the organizations has taken measures to develop crisis readiness after the pandemic to be more resilient.

When Martin Luther supposedly nailed his Ninety-Five Theses in 1517 to the Castle Church door in Wittenberg, the small town had only a single printing press. By the end of the century, Wittenberg had published more books than any other city in the Holy Roman Empire. Of the leading print centres in early modern Europe, Wittenberg was the only one that was not a major centre of trade, politics, or culture. This thesis examines the rise of the Wittenberg printing industry and analyses how it overtook the Empire's leading print centres. Luther's controversy—and the publications it produced—attracted printers to Wittenberg who would publish tract after tract. In only a few years, Luther became the most published author since the invention of the printing press. This thesis investigates the workshops of the four leading printers in Wittenberg during Luther's lifetime: Nickel Schirlentz, Josef Klug, Hans Lufft, and Georg Rhau. Together, these printers conquered the German print world. They were helped with the assistance of the famous Renaissance artist, Lucas Cranach the Elder, who lived in Wittenberg as court painter to the Elector of Saxony. His woodcut title page borders decorated the covers of Luther's books and were copied throughout the Empire. Capitalising off the demand for Wittenberg books, many printers falsely printed that their books were from Wittenberg. Such fraud played a major role in the Reformation book trade, as printers in every major print centre made counterfeits of Wittenberg books. However, Reformation pamphlets were not the sole reason for Wittenberg's success. Such items played only a marginal role in the local industry. It was the great Luther Bibles, spurred by Luther's emphasis on Bible reading, that allowed Wittenberg's printers to overcome the odds and become the largest print centre in early modern Germany.

Bakgrund: Den äldre individen kommer att bli en allt större grupp av befolkning. Med en stigande ålder ökar även risken av att drabbas av en eller flera sjukdomar, vilket kommer att ställa högre krav på sjukvården. Svensk lag säger att vården har en skyldighet att främja patientens integritet, delaktighet och självbestämmande, dock brister detta inom vården av de äldre. Många komplexa sjukdomstillstånd hos en äldre person gör att omvårdnaden behöver ges utifrån patientens individuella behov. Personcentrerad omvårdnad handlar om ett partnerskap mellan individen och vårdpersonalen, där individen sätts i centrum för vården. Syfte: Att belysa den äldre patientens upplevelse av vård utifrån ett personcentrerat perspektiv. Metod: Examensarbetet är utformat som en litteraturöversikt. Artiklar söktes fram via databaserna CINAHL och PubMed, 13 artiklar med kvalitativ metod valdes ut. Resultat: Resultatet visade att det fanns likheter och skillnader i hur den äldre upplevde sin vård: Dessa upplevelser kunde delas in i tre huvudkategorier, nämligen självbestämmande, delaktighet och integritet. Den äldre patienten hade en längtan efter självständighet och självbestämmande, dock slogs detta tillbaka på grund av en tids- och kompetensbristande vård. De äldre hade en önskan om att vara delaktiga i sin vård, där relationen och kommunikationen var en viktig grund för att skapa delaktighet. Många av de äldre kände sig ej bekräftade som en unik individ av omvårdnadspersonalen. Slutsats: För att kunna främja de äldres roll i en personcentrerad vård måste ett helhetsperspektiv och ett personcentrerat förhållningssätt appliceras, där den äldre respekteras som en unik individ. Med den äldre individen i centrum för sin vård, stärks dennes rätt till självbestämmande, delaktighet samt integritet, som i sin tur kan leda till en ökad livskvalité. / Background: The elderly is a group that will be a major part of the population in the future. With increasing age, the risk of suffering from one or more diseases increases, which will place higher demands on healthcare. Swedish law states that healthcare has an obligation to promote patient integrity, participation and self-determination, but this is invalid in the care of the elderly. Many complex illnesses in an elderly person necessitate nursing based on the patient's individual needs. Person-centered nursing is about a partnership between the individual and healthcare staff, where the individual is at the center of care. Aim: To highlight the elderly patient's experience of care based on a person-centered perspective. Method: A literature review was conducted and the data was found in the databases CINAHL and PubMed, 13 articles with qualitative method were selected. Result: The results showed that there were similarities and differences in how the elderly patient experiences their care. These experiences can be divided into three main categories: self-determination, participation and integrity. The elderly patient had a longing for independence and self-determination, however, this was reversed due to a lack of time and competence shortage. The elderly had a desire to be involved in their care, where the relationship and communication were an important basis for creating participation. Many of the elderly did not feel confirmed as a unique individual of nursing staff. Conclusion: In order to promote the role of the elderly in their care, must a holistic perspective and a person-centered approach be applied, where the elderly is respected as a unique individual. With the older individual at the heart of his care, his right to self-determination, participation and integrity is strengthened, which in turn can lead to an increased quality of life.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:18:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Solange Pacheco.pdf: 2515006 bytes, checksum: 926ec682994ae551b913dc7cbad98062 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study focuses on analyzing the Beneficio de Prestação Continuada da Assistencia Social (BPC), a cash transfer programme as set forth in the 1988 Brazilian Federal Constitution, the main provision of the Brazilian Social Assistance policy, aimed at elder and disable people. A highly relevant topic, as the Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC) grants a monthly income for elder and disable people, incapable of earning income for their own survival, or having it provided by their family. This study demonstrates the admission difficultness in the Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC), intending mostly on the regulating legislation s flaws put to practice on the benefit s administration. It also demonstrates the course of events of people that, after having the benefit denied, make a legal claim for it in the justice. Finally, It shows the increased right of admittance of the benefit, produced by judgmental sentences from the Federal Justice / Este estudo analisa o Benefício de Prestação Continuada da Assistência Social (BPC) que se configura como a principal provisão da Política de Assistência Social no Brasil, direcionado para idosos e pessoas com deficiência. Trata-se de um tema importante, uma vez que o Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC) garante uma renda mensal para pessoas idosas e com deficiência, impossibilitados de auferirem renda para a própria sobrevivência, ou de tê-la provida pela família. Demonstra-se as dificuldades de acesso ao Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC), tendo em vista principalmente, as imperfeições contidas na legislação regulamentadora e colocadas em prática na gestão do benefício. Mostra-se, também, o caminho percorrido pelas pessoas que, ao terem o acesso ao benefício negado, reclamam por ele na justiça. Finalmente, se evidencia a ampliação do direito de acesso ao benefício, produzida pelas sentenças de julgamento da Justiça Federal

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Welcoming visitors is part of our African culture. This research tries to reflect on house visitation in the Maranatha Reformed Church of Christ (MRCC), and the impact thereof, if any, in the spiritual lives of congregants. Traditionally, pastors, elders and deacons alone bear the responsibility of visiting families in the MRCC. This research therefore reflects on the issue of house visitation in the MRCC where it is seen and understood as the duty and responsibility of pastors, elders and deacons only. The research is a passionate call for the MRCC, as a church, to work on a ministry design where all members will be actively involved in visiting one another, a move from the traditional one where only pastors, elders and deacons visit households. Arguments are also presented on how technology could be used to the advantage of the church in this task. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Practical Theology)

Le bruit de cavité est un phénomène très fréquent dans le domaine des transports aériens.Il survient notamment lors de l’approche à l’atterrissage, où des interactions entre la cellule de l’aéronef et l’écoulement sont à l’origine de fortes émissions tonales. Il devient dès lors une source de pollution acoustique non-négligeable pour les populations résidant à proximité de zones aéroportuaires. Les études numériques et expérimentales décrites jusqu’à présent dans la littérature abordent essentiellement le cas des cavités rectangulaires. Pourtant, les cavités rencontrées en pratique dans l’industrie aéronautique impliquent des géométries souvent plus complexes. Lorsque ces cavités sont soumises à une excitation de nature aérodynamique, leur spécificité géométrique conduit le plus souvent à des réponses acoustiques assez éloignées des estimations issues de modèles académiques construits sur l’observation de cavités rectangulaires. Quelques travaux seulement abordent le cas des cavités cylindriques.Ce travail est consacré à l’étude aéroacoustique des cavités cylindriques, à l’initiative d’Airbus. Il s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet AEROCAV soutenu par la Fondation de Recherche pour l’Aéronautique & l’espace (FRAE). Son objectif est de déterminer les mécanismes impliqués dans les émissions acoustiques intenses et tonales pour les configurations étudiées.Une première partie présente les résultats expérimentaux issus des campagnes de mesures menées dans la soufflerie anéchoïque du Centre Acoustique du LMFA et de l’école Centrale de Lyon. Un modèle semi-empirique, reposant sur l’hypothèse d’une résonance acoustique pilotée par les instabilités présentes dans la couche de cisaillement à l’ouverture de la cavité,est construit à partir du modèle d’Elder (1978). Le modèle permet d’estimer les fréquences susceptibles de dominer l’acoustique rayonnée en champ lointain à partir de la donnée du champ moyen de vitesse longitudinale, que l’on mesure dans le plan de l’écoulement par Vélocimétrie par Imagerie des Particules (PIV).Une seconde partie est destinée au calcul direct du bruit rayonné par un écoulement laminaire ou turbulent affleurant une cavité cylindrique de référence. Il consiste à calculer le champ acoustique directement à partir de la résolution des équations tridimensionnelles de la mécanique des fluides. Le solver Alesia est présenté dans une version modifiée et adaptée à la mise en oeuvre d’une approche multidomaine d’ordre élevé faisant intervenir plusieurs maillages se recouvrant. Des techniques d’interpolation sont spécifiquement développées en vue d’assurer une communication bidirectionnelle entre les différents maillages, malgré des contraintes géométriques fortes. Un modèle d’excitation de l’écoulement est aussi développé afin de disposer de fluctuations dans l’écoulement incident, pour le cas turbulent. Ces deux points font l’originalité des calculs réalisés.Les simulations, menées sur une cavité de rapport d’aspect géométrique égal à 1 et soumise à un écoulement incident à Mach 0.2, montrent que le rayonnement acoustique peut être fidèlement reproduit numériquement. La couche de cisaillement est caractérisée par la présence de deux larges structures tourbillonnaires s’amplifiant lors de leur convection. Leur présence s’accompagne de fortes fluctuations de vitesse à l’origine d’un débit aérodynamique de fluide à l’ouverture qui excite la cavité acoustiquement. Une résonance forcée s’établit dans celle-ci, excitant la couche de mélange au voisinage du point de séparation. Ce couplage auto-entretenu est à l’origine du rayonnement acoustique intense et fortement tonal de la cavité. Il s’établit à une fréquence proche de la fréquence prédite par le modèle semi-empirique développé. / Cavity noise is a very frequent phenomenon in air transport. It occurs in particular during landing approaches, where airframe–flow interactions are responsible for strong tonal emissions. Accordingly, it turns to be a non negligible source of acoustic pollution for populations living near airport areas. Numerical and experimental studies reported in the literature tackle essentially the case of rectangular cavities. Nevertheless, cavities may often exhibit more complex shapes in practice. When subject to aerodynamic excitations, and because of their geometrical specificity, these cavities may have acoustic responses which can be rather far from estimations resulting from academic models designed for rectangular cavities. Only asmall number of studies tackle the case of cylindrical cavities.The present work requested by Airbus is dedicated to the study of aeroacoustics in cylindrical cavities. This work was been supported by the Fondation de Recherche pour l’Aéronautique& l’Espace (FRAE) under contract reference AEROCAV. It aims at discerning the mechanisms responsible for strong and tonal acoustic emissions for the studied configurations.Experimental data resulting from measurements performed in the anechoic wind-tunnel of the Centre Acoustique at ´Ecole Centrale de Lyon are presented in a first part. A semi-empirical model based on the hypothesis of a shear-layer driven acoustic resonance is constructed from the Elder model (1978). The model provides an estimation of the frequences which are likely to be predominant in the far-field acoustics, given the mean streamwise velocity field, currently measured in the flow plane by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV).A second part deals with the direct computation of the noise radiated by a laminar or turbulent grazing flow over a standard cylindrical cavity. The method consists in the calculationof the acoustic field directly from the resolution of the tridimensional Navier–Stokes equations. The Alesia solver is presented in a modified form, adapted to the implementationof a high-order chimera method involving several overlapping grids. Interpolation techniques have been specifically developed to achieve a bidirectional communication between the meshes in spite of strong geometrical constraints. A flow excitation model has also been constructed in order to obtain fluctuations into the incoming flow in the turbulent case. These two last points make the present computations original. The simulations, which are performed on a cavity of geometric ratio taken as 1 and subject to a grazing flow of Mach 0.2, reveal that it is possible to retrieve the radiated noise numerically with high fidelity. They indicate the presence of two large amplifying vortices in the shearlayer. These vortices go with strong velocity fluctuations giving rise to an inflow of fluid at the cavity mouth which excites the cavity acoustically. A forced acoustic resonance occurs into the cavity, then destabilises the shear layer near the separation point. This self-sustained coupling is responsible for strong tonal radiations from the cavity. The frequency of the radiated noise is close to the one predicted by the semi-empirical model.