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51	台灣教育創新模式之探討：兩個表演藝術教育破壞性創新實例 / An education innovation model for Taiwan: two examples of disruptive innovation in performing arts education 紀博善, Dale Albanese Unknown Date (has links) 近年來，創造力教育受到越來越多守門人的關注，包括企業界領袖、學者專家、政策制定者和教育工作者。另外在學術界和教育界，也有越來越多的人接受「創造力是可以教」的觀念。因此，追求文化和社會適當的教育創新模式來實施創造力教育是非常重要的。接觸藝術、學習藝術是培養創造力的重要途徑，但在正式教育體制很難提供機會平等的平台時，相關的教育守門人就必須創造機會解決此一問題。Christensen、Horn與Johnson （2008、2011）也認為傳統的教育創新只是進行永續性的創新，所以他們進而提出破壞性創新的教育模式，以彌補傳統創新教育模式之不足。本研究的目的是在探討兩個台灣表演藝術教育破壞性創新的個案：紙風車319鄉村兒童藝術工程和台北景文高中之優人神鼓表演藝術班。本研究的研究方法包括文獻分析，深度訪談和觀察。研究結果發現紙風車319鄉村兒童藝術工程的破壞性教育模式提供更多的機會讓偏遠的兒童可以接觸藝術，對他們產生正面的影響。優人神鼓表演藝術班的教育創新模式讓具有藝術興趣和才能的學生開啟創新的學習管道，一方面發展他們的藝術才情，另一方面也可以在正式教育中表現良好。 / In recent years, creativity in education has received increased attention from gatekeepers - the business leaders, scholars, policy-makers, and educators – around the world. There is also growing acceptance in the academic and educational worlds that “creativity can be taught.” Thus it is now crucial to pursue culturally and socially appropriate models for implementing creativity education. Encountering and studying the arts is an important approach to developing creativity. However, when traditional formal education systems are unable to provide an equal platform for encountering the arts, relevant gatekeepers must come up with new solutions. Christensen, Johnson, & Horn (2008; 2011) write that traditionally, educational innovation has relied on sustaining innovation, which they hold is insufficient for new educational demands today. They propose instead a model of disruptive innovation for education, which has greater potential impact on the education system, to help close the gap between educational ideals and practice. Leadbeater and Wong (2010) further categorize innovations in either formal or informal educational settings. This study examines two cases of disruptive innovation in performing arts education from Taiwan: Paper Windmill Theatre’s First Mile, Kid’s Smile 319 Townships Art Project program and the U-Theatre Performing Arts Class at Taipei Jingwen High School. The research methods employed include document analysis, in-depth interviews, and observations. The research findings conclude that the 319 Project's disruptive innovation model for informal education provided children in remote locations with opportunities to encounter the arts, making a positive impact on their lives. The disruptive innovation model for formal education used by the U-Theatre Performing Arts Class gave students with interests and potential in performing arts a channel for their abilities, both helping them develop their artistic interests and talents and enter university. 教育創新破壞性創新優人神鼓紙風車319鄉村兒童藝術工程台灣教育創造力藝術教育 Educational Innovation Disruptive Innovation Education in Taiwan U-Theatre Creativity Arts Education
52	The occurrence of tick-borne pathogens, in dogs in welfare organisations and townships of Cape Town Allan, Rosalind Elizabeth 02 1900 (has links) In impoverished and resource limited communities such as townships, and welfare organizations, areas such as living and sleeping spaces are sometimes shared with animals, and occasionally humans. Dogs play an integral role in our lives and have become part of the family. Therefore, it is probable that ectoparasites, such as ticks, that feed on dogs also feed on other vertebrates, thereby, transmitting pathogens. The primary aim of this study was to screen for the presence of tick-borne pathogens in dogs from welfare organisations and townships in Cape Town, with special focus on Ehrlichia and Babesia spp. The reason for this choice of subject is due to the fact that very few tick-borne infection studies have focused on resource limited communities. Furthermore, welfare organisations have continuously attracted awareness due to the amount of unrestricted work performed by veterinarians in communities with limited resources. Consequently, the topic was borne. A total of 126 blood samples and 509 ticks (adults and nymphs) were collected directly from dogs from four welfare organisations and two townships in Cape Town. Samples were collected from April to July 2014. The four welfare organisations where samples were collected included the Animal Anti Cruelty League welfare organisations in Epping and Bellville, the Lucky Lucy Foundation in Joostenberg Vlakte and The Emma Animal Rescue Society (TEARS), located in the Sunnydale area. Samples were also collected from the Asanda village and Nomzamo, two townships located just outside the Cape Town suburb, the Strand. DNA was extracted from blood and ectoparasites and screened for the presence of Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Theileria and Babesia species infections using touchdown PCR and RLB hybridization assays. Genus and species-specific probes were used during hybridization in order to identify specific parasite infections in the blood samples and the tick samples pooled according to geographical origin and species. Forty six (36.5%) of the blood samples tested positive for tick-borne pathogen DNA. Of the positive blood samples, 17 (13.5%) were infected with Ehrlichia canis; 16 (12.7%) with Babesia rossi and four (3.2%) samples were infected with Babesia vogeli. Incidental infections were also detected, these included Ehrlichia ruminantium (n=6, [4.7%]), Theileria taurotragi (n=2, [1.6%]) and Anaplasma sp. Omatjenne (n=1, [0.8%]) infections. DNA detected from 10 samples (7.94%) hybridized only to the Ehrlichia/Anaplasma genus-specific probes and four samples (3.17%) hybridized only to the Theileria/Babesia genus-specific probes. None of these 14 samples hybridized to any of the species-specific probes. Collected Rhipicephalus sanguineus (n=457) and Haemaphysalis elliptica (n=52) ticks were grouped into 15 pools, representing both tick species according to specific collection locations. Since only two H. elliptica from Asanda and one R. sanguineus from TEARS were collected, these ticks were mixed in pools of the dominant species as they were too few for DNA extraction. Ticks were collected from the Nomzamo Township (R. sanguineus n=400), Asanda village (H. elliptica n=2; R. sanguineus n=42), TEARS (H. elliptica n=21; R. sanguineus n=1), and the Animal Anti Cruelty League in both Epping (R. sanguineus n=14), and Bellville (H. elliptica n=29), in Cape Town. Analysis by the RLB assay showed that 11 (73.3%) of the 15 tick pools representing both tick species were positive for at least one parasite species. All positive samples hybridized with the Ehrlichia/Anaplasma genus-specific probe. Three (20%) tick pools containing both tick species tested positive for Ehrlichia canis infection, two (13.3%) tested positive for Babesia rossi and Babesia vogeli DNA was identified in one (6.6%) tick pool. The Theileria/Babesia genus-specific probe hybridised in three (20%) tick pools. These three pools were comprised of both R. sanguineus and H. elliptica tick species. These tick pools also tested positive for a specific Babesia tick-borne pathogen. Tick-borne pathogen DNA could not be detected in four (26.6%) tick pools. The fore-mentioned tick-borne pathogen DNA detected in the dog blood samples, and the ectoparasites collected from the same dogs during this study, suggests that dogs play a large role in the endemicity of these pathogens / Environmental Sciences / M. Sc. (Life Science) Dogs Ticks Babesia Ehrlichia Rhipicephalus sanguineus Haemaphysalis elliptica Townships Welfare organisation PCR (polymerase chain reaction) 614.43309687355 Polymerase chain reaction
53	A Novel Approach to Youth Crime Prevention: Mindfulness Meditation Classes in South African Townships / A Novel Approach to Youth Crime Prevention : Mindfulness Meditation Classes in South African Townships Kneip, Katharina January 2020 (has links) Children growing up in poor areas with high crime rates are shown to easily get involved in violent actions and criminal gangs. In South Africa, despite considerable efforts to reduce youth delinquency, youth crime rates are still disturbingly high – specifically, in the townships of the Cape Flats. This paper points out an important aspect previously unaddressed by most youth crime prevention: the subconscious roots of youth crime. What if we could develop youth crime prevention programs that manage to impact the subconscious behavioral patterns of youth in high crime areas? This paper proposes a promising and cost-effective approach that has great potential to affect multipe causes of crime: mindfulness meditation. Built upon newest findings in Neuroscience, this paper suggests that mindfulness meditation classes are associated with a reduction in aggressive behavior, a risk factor for youth crime, and an increase in self-efficacy, a protective factor. The impact of mindfulness classes at a high school in Khayelitsha, a poor and violent-stricken township of Cape Town, is analyzed. Self-reported aggression and self-efficacy are measured via a psychometric survey questionnaire created from two well-tested and validated scales. Regression analyses of 384 survey answers provided mixed results. Whilst novice meditators were not associated with higher self-efficacy and lower aggression, long-term meditators performed better in several dimensions of self-efficacy and aggression, yet no significant relationship was found. Further research specifically needs to investigate the moderating effect of age (a proxy for psychological development) on meditation. This study aims to bridge the gap between the outdated paradigms of youth crime prevention and ancient wisdom via ground-breaking new evidence from the field of Neuroscience. This study furthermore hopes to point policy makers toward developing new, integrative and sustainable approaches to youth crime prevention – approaches that give back agency to our youth. / <p>Anders Westholm har inget med betygssättningen att göra annat än i rent formellt hänseende (examinator). Det är han som rapporterar in och skriver under men i sak är det seminarieledaren som har beslutet i sin hand. Statsvetenskapliga institutet har som princip att skilja på handledning och examination vilket innebär att handledaren inte får vara seminarieledare. Seminarieledare och personen som satt betygget var i det här fallet Sven Oskarsson: Sven.Oskarsson@statsvet.uu.se</p> Juvenile delinquency youth aggression crime youth crime prevention cost-effective crime prevention crime rates psychometric survey questionnaire psychological scales aggression scale self-efficacy scale regression analysis quantitative study empowerment youth agency youth development development sustainable approach self-development Psychology Social Psychology abuse trauma risk factors protective factors townships poor area violent area Khayelitsha Guguletu Mitchell's Plain Ghetto Africa South Africa Cape Town Cape Flats school mindfulness meditation mindfulness meditation Kabat-Zinn future resilience subconsciousness subconscious brain emotional brain decision making aggression disruptive behavior self-efficacy self-esteem self-regulation emotional regulation subconsciousness subconscious behavioral patterns Neuroscience Political Science Development Studies Peace and Conflict Uppsala Jugendgewalt Jugendkriminalität Jugendaggression Aggressionsbewältigung Gewalt Verbrechensrate Gewaltrate Jugendgewaltprävention Gewaltprävention Survey-Studie Umfrage psychologische Skalen Aggressionsskala Selbstwirksamkeitsskala Regressionsanalyse Quantitative Studie Handlungsfähigkeit Jugend nachhaltig Entwicklungsarbeit Entwicklung Selbstentwicklung Psychologie Sozialpsychologie Missbrauch Trauma Risikofaktor Schutzfaktor Townships Armenviertel Konfliktgebiet Ghetto Cape Town Cape Flats Khayelitsha Südafrika Afrika Schule Primarschule weiterführende Schule Achtsamkeit Meditation Mindfulness Meditation Kabat-Zinn Zukunft Resilienz Aggression Selbstvertrauen Selbstwirksamkeit Selbstbewusstsein Selstregulierung Emotionsregulierung unbewusste Verhaltensmuster Unterbewusstsein Neurowissenschaft Politikwissenschaft Entwicklungsstudien Friedensforschung Uppsala Ungdomskriminalitet brottslighet förebyggande av brott enkätundersökning psykologiska skalor aggressionsskala egeneffektivitetsskala regression kvantitativ ungdomsutveckling utveckling självutveckling psykologi socialpsykologi övergrepp trauma riskfaktorer skyddsfaktorer townships fattiga område kriminellt område Khayelitsha Afrika Sydafrika Kapstaden skola mindfulness meditation mindfulness meditation Kabat-Zinn framtid motståndskraft aggression störande beteende självförmåga självkänsla självreglering emotionell reglering neurovetenskap statsvetenskap utvecklingsstudier fred och konfliktstudier Uppsala Globalisation Studies Globaliseringsstudier

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