Abstract Maintaining biodiversity in boreal forest landscapes in conjunction with forestry is a challenging task. This requires ecological understanding that is based on empirical research. In this thesis, I examined spatial and temporal occupancy patterns as well as predictability of the occurrence of the Siberian flying squirrel (Pteromys volans L.) in Finland. I used thematic maps which matched habitat requirements of the flying squirrel in forested landscapes and data on species presence and absence, which were gathered in suitable forest habitats. The results of this thesis provide applications for landscape management. First, the preferred habitat characteristics of the flying squirrel were linked to available forest data. In addition, some predictive habitat models could be used to estimate the distribution of the flying squirrel within a region. Second, based on a five year study the forests were classified as continuously occupied, continuously unoccupied and variable-occupancy patches. The dynamic occupancy pattern emphasizes the need for repeated surveys to also locate the seldom-used suitable habitats in a landscape. Third, a comparison of simulated future scenarios in long-term forest planning suggested that flying squirrel habitat might be maintained without considerable loss of timber in a landscape. Thus, a combination of ecological and economic goals in forestry planning is an encouraging alternative. Fourth, there were more polypore species in forests occupied by the flying squirrel. This suggests that conservation of the flying squirrel habitats would protect other naturally co-occurring species, and thus the flying squirrel could be assigned as an umbrella species in mature spruce-dominated forests. Based on these findings, I suggest that the flying squirrel could be used as one of the target species for forest management in boreal forest landscapes. Further research challenges are related to the examination of habitat thresholds and to the projection of future scenarios where ecological, economic and social aspects are combined to assist in complex decision making processes.

The hypothesis of this dissertation is that contemporary Norwegian painter, Odd Nerdrum (b 1944), uses tenebrism as a mode of beauty and a device to emphasise psychological states of being. Tenebrism is an effective kitsch device to create an impression of realism and so-called truthfulness while pointing to the deepest human sentiments and emotions. I argue that Nerdrum’s tenebrist art questions dark truths about modernity and its effect on the self. The darkness of his tenebrist style amplifies the emotional states of his human characters, and becomes a negative form of transcendence into absence and the power of its nothingness. Nerdrum’s paintings are a visual record of the human capacity to withstand selfdestruction and strive for restoration from the inane. His physical act of painting opens and refines consciousness by slowing down time, for insight and contemplation. / Dissertation (MA (Fine Arts))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Visual Arts / MA / unrestricted

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Throughout Western history, a mentality, ie, a set of events (beliefs, thinking, mental and moral rules), featuring both a collective, as an individual was consolidated in several respects, but mainly in that refer to the religious and intellectual formation, ie, a set of knowledge and skills specific to certain fields of practice and spiritual, based on membership of a particular system of thought or belief that involves a philosophical position, ethics, metaphysics. At this mentality gave the name of Christianity. Under this doctrine, numerous lines of thought were developed. Interest as an object of this study, the thought of religious orders with respect to pedagogical and catechetical practices. More specifically, the prospect of a cut chronological and topological sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the territory of Sergipe, colonial period, adopting a critical view about the true extent of involvement of orders with the educational practices in that period. To do so, was titled as this object of study and research: The religious orders and educational practices in Sergipe Del Rey: an educational absence. / Ao longo da história do Ocidente, uma mentalidade, ou seja, um conjunto de manifestações (crenças, maneira de pensar, disposições psíquicas e morais), que caracterizam tanto uma coletividade, como um indivíduo foi consolidada em diversos aspectos, mas, principalmente nos que se referem à formação religiosa e intelectual, vale dizer, um conjunto de conhecimentos e habilidades específicos a determinados campos de atividade prática e espiritual, baseados na filiação a um sistema específico de pensamento ou crença que envolve uma posição filosófica, ética, metafísica. A esta, mentalidade deu-se o nome de cristianismo. No âmbito dessa doutrina, inúmeras linhas de pensamento foram desenvolvidas. Interessa, como objeto no presente estudo, o pensamento das Ordens religiosas no tocante às praticas pedagógico-catequéticas. Mais especificamente, na perspectiva de um recorte cronológico e topológico: séculos XVI, XVII e XVIII, no território de Sergipe, período colonial, adotando-se uma visão crítica quanto o verdadeiro grau de envolvimento das ordens com as práticas educacionais no citado período. Para tanto, intitulou-se assim este objeto de estudo e pesquisa: As ordens religiosas e as práticas educativas em Sergipe Del Rey: uma ausência pedagógica.

La investigación parte de la preocupación que existía en la Compañía Go Clean Perú, ubicada en el distrito limeño de Miraflores, donde se presentaban ausencias laborales no justificadas por parte de los operarios, bajo el contrato a plazo fijo y sujeto a la modalidad de servicio específico. El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar la relación entre algún factor de riesgo psicosocial y la ausencia laboral injustificada de los operarios de las generaciones millennials. X y baby boomers de la compañía Go Clean Perú, en el periodo de mayo a octubre del 2019, a fin de proponer un plan de acción para reducir la ausencia no justificada de los operarios de la compañía. El estudio se realizó en varias etapas: selección de la población, análisis de los datos, aplicación del cuestionario SUSESO/ISTAS 21 versión breve y, por último, el análisis de los resultados. Se determinó que las ausencias no justificadas estaban relacionadas con las dimensiones apoyo social y calidad de liderazgo, lo que nos llevó a desarrollar un plan de acción para disminuir el factor de riesgo psicosocial y las ausencias. / The investigation is based on the concern that existed in the Go Clean Peru Company, located in the Lima district of Miraflores, where there were unjustified absences from work on the part of the operators, under the fixed-term contract and subject to the specific service modality. The objective of the research was to identify the relationship between some psychosocial risk factor and the unjustified absence from work of the workers of the millennial generations. X and baby boomers of the company Go Clean Peru, in the period from May to October 2019, in order to propose an action plan to reduce the unjustified absence of the company's workers. The study was carried out in several stages: selection of the population, data analysis, application of the SUSESO / ISTAS 21 questionnaire, short version and, finally, the analysis of the results. It was determined that the unexcused absences were related to the dimensions of social support and quality of leadership, which led us to develop an action plan to reduce the psychosocial risk factor and absences. / Trabajo de investigación

Sammanfattning.Tidigare forskning visar att var femte elev väljer att inte delta på idrottslektionerna.Som lärare i idrott och hälsa ställs man ofta inför elever som väljer att inte aktivt delta på idrottsundervisningen eller att vara frånvarande. Syftet med studien är att ta reda på hur elever som är frånvarande eller icke deltagande förklarar de faktorer som hindrar dem från ett aktivt deltagande samt att undersöka vad eleverna själva anser behövs förändras inom idrott och hälsa för att eleverna ska öka sitt deltagande på lektionerna. I studien användes en kvalitativ forskningsmetod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer och totalt intervjuades sex elever från tre olika högstadier.Resultatet i studien visar att eleverna känner stor oro inför hur andra elever betraktar och ser på dem och där känslan av att bli granskad är kopplat till negativa känslor. Vidare visar studien att faktorer såsom grupptryck, kroppsideal, dålig självkänsla, bristande motivation och en rädsla av att göra bort sig, är faktorer som bidrar till deras icke deltagande. För att eleverna ska öka sitt deltagande på lektionerna anger de att följande bör förändras: undervisande lärarens bemötande och tydlighet, mer elevinflytande gällande lektionsinnehåll, gruppstorlek samt lektionsinnehåll där vinna inte upplevs som det primära. Sammanfattningsvis visar studien att det är flera faktorer som bidrar till utebliven närvaro. En orsak till utebliven närvaro som flera av respondenterna nämner är hur man tror man uppfattas av andra. Eleverna uttrycker att man inte vill hamna i rampljuset för allmän beskådning, oavsett om det är kopplat till något positivt. Eleverna vill inkluderas i gruppen men vill inte uppmärksammas av till exempel idrottsläraren på ett sätt som göra att övriga klasskamrater fokuserar på dem.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur olika aktörer inom det människobehandlande området arbetar med hemmasittande ungdomar. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkter är KASAM, systemteori och nyinstitutionell organisationsteori. Datainsamlingen skedde genom kvalitativa, strukturerade intervjuer med sex olika aktörer inom det människobehandlande området. Resultatet av denna studie visar att det är skolan som uppmärksammar problemet och att det inom vissa områden arbetas i större utsträckning med målgruppen än på andra, men att det inte finns något generellt övergripande arbetssätt med hemmasittande ungdomar i de aktuella kommunerna. Det framkommer även att samverkansformen SIP – samordnad individuell plan – används framgångsrikt i samtliga kommuner. Att genomföra samverkan beskrivs av de flesta aktörer fungera bra, men att önskat resultat av samverkan inte alltid uppnås. En bra relation mellan elev och lärare samt ett gott samarbete mellan hemmet och skolan är de mest främjande faktorerna för att få en elev tillbaka till skolan. / The aim of the study has been to examine how different actors within human service professionals deal with dropout-students. The theoretical perspectives used are KASAM, general systems theory and neo-institutional organizational theory. The data for this study was collected in a series of qualitative and structured interviews with six participants within various human service professionals. The outcome of this study shows that it is the school that signals if there is a problem and it shows that in some areas this pursues higher focus on target groups but there isn’t an overall way of working with dropout-students in the local authorities that this study contains. It also emerges that the form of collaboration – Coordinated Individual Plan – used successfully in all municipalities. To implement collaboration described by most actors works well, but the desired result of collaboration is not always achieved. A good relationship between student and teachers and a good collaboration between home and school are the most promoting factors to get a student back to school.

No description available.

The study examines the factors that cause school absenteeism and how the high school/upper secondary can work to prevent school absenteeism and promote school attendance. The overall purpose of the study was to investigate what the high school/upper secondary school students describe as absenteeism prevention and promote attendance. The theoretical framework for the study consists of a socio-cultural perspective, a relational perspective, and the theory of KASAM. The study approach is qualitative and the study data were collected through mixed methods where semi-structured interviews were supplemented with a survey of the high school/upper secondary school students in grades 2 and 3. Based on the students' descriptions, the school's work on preventing absence and promoting attendance can be seen as complex. The students show, as in previous research, that many different factors influence the students' attendance and absence and that the causal factors can vary from student to student. The result further shows that there are a variety of factors related to the school's learning environments that can prevent absenteeism and promote attendance. The conclusion of the study highlights the importance of high school/upper secondary school working to strengthen students' motivation, participation, security, health, wellness and well-being. Highschool/upper secondary school should also work actively to ensure that the learning environment in the school is varied and that the teaching is adapted to the diversity of pupils' needs and conditions. Based on the results, it is determined that a broad repertoire of strategies and methods is needed in the school's absence prevention and attendance promotion work. The special pedagogical relevance of the study is made visible by the study showing that the school's attendance promotion and absence prevention work is strengthened by the school working to identify and map obstacles and opportunities in the school's educational, social and physical learning environments and based on the development of the school's learning environments at both individual and organizational levels.

Psychology's literature regarding fatherlessness is not only grim, mainly pointing out the negative consequences of fatherlessness, but it also does not provide much specific information about fatherless individuals' experiences. A pilot study revealed that fatherless individuals do not always suffer from the loss of their father and that they also have the ability to overcome the negative consequences commonly associated with father loss. The research questions for this study presented themselves naturally after reviewing the literature and after considering the results of my pilot study, namely, “What do fatherless individuals actually experience in being fatherless, and what is the nature of the experience of being fatherless in people who seem to display successful coping and resilience?” Phenomenology and the Grounded Interpretive research method were employed to explore in depth the lived experience of three participants. My interviews show that cultural, family, and educational background and the individual's interpretations of his or her situation significantly contributed to how fatherlessness was experienced. In contrast to the generally grim literature on fatherlessness, the results of the present study suggest that the consequences of fatherlessness do not have to be as grim as they are generally portrayed. While fatherlessness is difficult, there is hope for the fatherless in that they can overcome the negative implications of their situation-a finding that contributes to a more holistic understanding and a perspective of fatherlessness that has not yet been sufficiently been documented by the literature.

The aim of the study is to use a phenomenographic approach to highlight how educators in preschool perceive that their absence can affect the phenomenon of collaboration between guardians and educators. The research questions that have been the starting point of the investigation are about how the educators describe their perception of collaboration between preschool and home, how the educators describe their perception of absence among the educators in preschool and how they describe their experience of absence in relation to collaboration. Through a qualitative approach, the survey was conducted in the form of ten individual semi-structured interviews based on a flexible interview guide. The informants consisted of principals, preschool teachers and other educators who work in preschools. The phenomenographic analysis resulted in six categories of description which then form two outcome spaces. The outcome spaces were Educators absence can affect collaboration and Educators absence does not have to have an impact on collaboration. The categories of description and the outcome spaces together highlight the educators perceptions of how the educator's absence can affect the collaboration between preschool and guardians. The result shows a variety of perceptions where the outcome space The absence of educators can affect collaboration summarized into three factors for a non-functioning collaboration, which are absent educators, lack of conditions and insecure relationships. The outcome space Educators absence does not have to have an impact on collaboration was also summarized into three factors for a well-functioning collaboration, which were educators present, good conditions and secure relationships. The conclusion was that the educator's absence in preschool is a contributing factor to the fact that cooperation with guardians is affected. On the other hand, there are clear success factors which mean that absence does not have to affect cooperation. / Studien har som syfte att genom en fenomenografisk ansats belysa hur personal i förskolan uppfattar att deras frånvaro kan påverka fenomenet samverkan mellan vårdnadshavare och personal. Forskningsfrågorna som varit undersökningens utgångspunkt handlar om hur personalen beskriver sina uppfattningar om samverkan mellan vårdnadshavare och personal, hur personalen beskriver sina uppfattningar om frånvaro bland personalen i förskolan samt hur de beskriver att de erfarar frånvaron i relation till samverkan. Undersökningen har genom en kvalitativ ansats genomförts i form av tio enskilda semistrukturerade intervjuer som utgick från en flexibel intervjuguide. Informanterna bestod av rektorer, förskollärare och barnskötare som arbetar inom förskolan. Den fenomenografiska analysen resulterade i sex beskrivningskategorier som sedan utgör två utfallsrum. Utfallsrummen blev Personalens frånvaro kan ha en påverkan på samverkan och Personalens frånvaro behöver inte ha en påverkan på samverkan. Beskrivningskategorierna och utfallsrummet belyser tillsammans personalens uppfattningar om hur personalens frånvaro kan påverka samverkan mellan förskola och vårdnadshavare. Resultatet visar en variation av uppfattningar där utfallsrummet Personalens frånvaro kan påverka samverkan sammanfattats till tre faktorer för en icke-välfungerande samverkan vilket är frånvarande personal, bristande förutsättningar och otrygga relationer. Utfallsrummet Personalens frånvaro behöver inte ha en påverkan på samverkan sammanfattades också till tre faktorer för en välfungerande samverkan vilka var närvarande personal, goda förutsättningar och trygga relationer. Slutsatsen blev att personalens frånvaro i förskolan utgör en bidragande faktor till att samverkan med vårdnadshavare påverkas. Däremot finns det tydliga framgångsfaktorer som gör att frånvaro inte behöver påverka samverkan.