CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O aumento da ocorrÃncia de portadores de doenÃas renais crÃnicas e a conseqÃente demanda para as terapias renais substitutivas, principalmente no grupo populacional de idosos, requer a intervenÃÃo de profissionais de saÃde, quer no campo assistencial ou da investigaÃÃo cientÃfica, como forma de contribuir para a manutenÃÃo da vida. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar os processos adaptativos elaborados pelos idosos em face das repercussÃes do tratamento por hemodiÃlise, bem como, analisar o comportamento de inserÃÃo desses idosos no processo, os eventos significativos para a adaptaÃÃo e compreender os processos adaptativos elaborados pelos idosos. O mÃtodo utilizado foi o clÃnico-qualitativo, que teve como instrumentos para a coleta de dados a entrevista semi-estruturada para histÃria oral temÃtica, a observaÃÃo participante/registros de campo e de prontuÃrios. O cenÃrio do estudo foi composto por duas clÃnicas de hemodiÃlise de Fortaleza. A populaÃÃo foi constituÃda por 80 idosos e a amostra por 40. A organizaÃÃo dos dados quantitativos foi procedida pelo Programa Statiscal Package for Science, versÃo 13.0, e a dos dados qualitativos pelas Linhas Narrativas, de Spink, enquanto a anÃlise dos dados foi realizada à luz do modelo teÃrico, TrajetÃria da DoenÃa CrÃnica, que se fundamenta em trÃs processos: ruptura biogrÃfica, impacto do tratamento, adaptaÃÃo e manejo da doenÃa. Foram observados os procedimentos Ãticos exigidos para a realizaÃÃo da pesquisa. Os resultados mostraram que, entre os idosos hà prevalÃncia do sexo masculino e baixa escolaridade. Mais da metade do grupo possui renda familiar de um salÃrio mÃnimo; a maioria tem sentimento de religiosidade, mantÃm um vÃnculo afetivo matrimonial e reconhece a dependÃncia à mÃquina de hemodiÃlise e aos profissionais de saÃde como fatores preponderantes e essenciais à sua sobrevivÃncia. Foram tambÃm confirmadas as trÃs dimensÃes do modelo teÃrico como caracterizaÃÃo das fases vivenciadas pelos idosos quanto à doenÃa renal crÃnica, no entanto, à possÃvel concluir que hà pouca utilizaÃÃo de estratÃgias de coping porque nÃo denotam recursos internos saudÃveis para encontrar novos objetivos de vida. Sem esses recursos, tentam uma adaptaÃÃo, mas a maioria nÃo consegue, denotando apenas tolerÃncia e resignaÃÃo. / The increase in the occurrence of chronic kidney disease patients and the consequent need of substitutive renal therapies, mainly in the group of elderly, requires the intervention of health professionals, either in the assisting field or in scientific investigation, as a way to contribute for life maintenance. The present study objectified to evaluate the adaptive processes elaborated by the elderly in face of the repercussions of the treatment with hemodyalisis, as well as to analyze the behavior of insertion of these elderly in the process, the meaningful events for adaption and to understand the adaptive processes elaborated by the elderly. The method used was the clinical-qualitative, which had as instruments for data collection the semi-structured interview for oral thematic history, participant observation/ field and handbook registers. The study setting was composed of two clinics of hemodyalisis of Fortaleza. The population comprised 80 elderly and the sample for 40. The organization of the quantitative data was done by the Program Statistical Package for Science, version 13.0, and the qualitative data were organized according to the Narrative Lines, by Spink, while the data analysis was carried out in the light of the theoretical model, Chronic disease trajectory, which is based on three processes: biographical rupture, treatment impact, disease adaption and management. The ethical procedures required for the research execution were observed. The results showed that, among the elderly, the masculine sex and low school level prevail. More than 50% of the group has an income of a minimum wage; most of them have a feeling of religiosity, maintain an affective matrimonial link and recognize the dependence to the hemodyalisis machine and to the health professionals as preponderant factors to their survival. The three dimensions of the theoretical model were confirmed as the characterization of the phases lived by the elderly as regards the chronic kidney disease. However, it is possible to conclude that there is little use of coping strategies, because they do not indicate healthy internal resources to find new objectives of life. Without these resources, they try an adaption, but most of them are not successful, showing only tolerance and resignation.

Context: Agile practices have created its own mark on recent software development strategies. The significance of agile core values and principles attracted several organizations towards agile software development. Agile methods incorporate core values & principles, whereas agile practices define how agile methods are implemented in practice. However, it is still unclear, which combinations of agile practices are adopted in practice and how are they adapted. Objectives: In this research, our main aim is to find the combinations of agile practices that are most commonly adopted in practice, which includes identifying the practices which mostly appear together and finding the evidences for adaptations of agile practices. Methods: We have developed a survey to collect empirical evidence regarding agile practice adoption and adaptation. The survey is based on a framework consisting of a set of questions to determine agile practice adoption and adaptation. The framework was validated with researchers and practitioners through interviews. In order to identify the practices and possible adaptations we conducted a literature review. The sample population of the survey includes primarily project managers, developers, agile coaches and system types includes majority of information systems, commercial type of software, outsourced and embedded. Results: We have collected 109 responses with the survey. It is important to make the tradeoff between the length of the survey and quality of the responses, so, we needed to pose many questions with regard to the ways how the practices are tailored/adapted. We found that there are certain practices which were given highest priority and mostly appear together, certain practices appears only with particular combinations of practices. Regarding practice adaptations, the empirical findings show the adaptations of each individual practice. Moreover, regarding employee and customer satisfaction, the results indicate that there is a significant level of satisfied employees and customers with agile software development. A conceptual model of agile practices and performance is developed and presented to make a better understanding of implications for practice. Conclusions: During adoption there are certain set of agile practices that were given higher importance, given highest priority during selection and also mostly appears together. Moreover, there are certain practices which are considered as most important, but are given with less priority during selection by practitioners. Furthermore, the empirical findings supports practice adaption depends on change in context factors. Finally, it is interesting to see that almost all of the stakeholders in agile software development are satisfied with its nature.

Sedan Zack Snyders filmatisering av serietidningen Watchmen som länge har ansetts vara ofilmbar har filmen nu blivit hyllad för att vara väldigt visuellt trogen serietidningen. Därmed har det varit av intresse att undersöka denna visuella adaption och jämföra skillnader och likheter mellan filmen och serietidningen. Uppsatsen har fokuserad på bildformatet och dess påverkan på kompositionen i adaptionen för att det har visat sig vara en av de dominanta och primära skillnaderna mellan medierna. I samband med bildformat analyserar uppsatsen utvalda sekvens och bilder från film och serietidning utifrån kompositens element: linje, POV, kamerarörelse, Negativ yta, balans/symmetri, tredjedelsregeln och djup. Slutsatsen blev att fastän det finnas stora visuella likheter mellan film och serietidning så finns det fundamentala skillnader i de olika mediernas konventioner samt i de praktiska arbetsprocesserna som på många sätt tvingar filmen till kompromisser.

Mobile commerce through smart phones as an extension of the traditional electronic commerce is becoming widely implemented together with the IT development and increased usage of smart phones. The thesis is limited to the design factors to consider when adapting to m-commerce for the apparel industry, since this industry has a long experience in online and mail order business. Sales of clothing and footwear have its roots in the mail order business, which means that many users are already accustomed to purchase at a distance, which had facilitated the development.Adapting to the m-commerce trend has resulted in both profitable and user related benefits, but there are also some difficulties during the adaption to the several m-commerce solutions as well as to offer the user an accessible design and user experience. It is common that the smartphone is the only mobile device one has at the moment when a need occurs for product search or media consumption. Even though the screen size and the connection speed of a smart phone, people might at least make an attempt to use their smartphones for these purposes. For example, users keep having experiences of struggling with an unwieldy website on the smartphone to get something done. In conjunction with faster mobile networks and more powerful mobile devices, this behavior will become only more prevalent. The purpose is therefore to investigate the important design factors that exist when adapting to m-commerce and to find out what of these factors are important for the apparel industry to consider when adapting to m-commerce in order to develop an m-commerce design most suitable for the user experience. To obtain the purpose the main research question ”What are the design factors to consider for the apparel industry today when adapting to m-commerce?” is being answered in this thesis.To achieve the purpose of the study, qualitative process and data as well as quantitative process and data were used. From scientific articles, related work and independent surveys a theoretical review was carried out. The literature review has been conducted through search engines such as Summon from Högskolan i Borås and Google Scholar. The empirical study consist of an online self-completion questionnaire done by 40 respondents that has been distributed through social media, and two person-to-person interviews with the two Swedish companies in the apparel industry, Eton AB and a Swedish web shop. In the information collection we have always been concerned to get relevant, unbiased and reliable information. We have evaluated all the materials by the alternative criteria, trustworthiness as mentioned in Bryman & Bell (2011). This is done in order to uphold credibility, transferability, dependability and conformability in the material and conclusions founded in the study.The results from this study involve several factors focusing on the design that may be important when adapting to an m-commerce solution in the apparel industry. These factors are drawn from analysis and discussion of the collected theory and the empirical data, from different perspectives including; user habits, user expectations, perceived security contra actual security, the transaction chain, and payment methods. Factors that are found are: The importance to adapt to m-commerce, even if the smart phone traffic and orders are low at the moment; To achieve a good and trustworthy user interface; To have different options for the user, including payment and access options; The ease of use and navigation on the web shop; The visibility of products and to have clear information on the web shop; Learnability: to make it simple for the users to use the web shop; Efficiency: to secure so that the users don’t has to spend too much time and energy to complete their task; Effectiveness: concerning the speed and to which degree the user successfully complete their task; Satisfaction is critical since if the m-commerce system does not appeals to the user they may feel less inclined to use it; Payment systems concerning the adaption to payment solutions for m-commerce web shops; Liability consider who is responsible of what parts as well as making it easy for the users to understand who to turn to if they have questions or complaints; Privacy and security, considering how to defend the m-commerce solution towards increased security threats users may face as well as making the users trusting the web shop enough to use the solution.

No description available.

ABSTRAKT Bakgrund: Typ 1-diabetes är en kronisk autoimmun sjukdom som kräver daglig administrering av insulin. Det är vanligt att föräldrar är oroade över de allvarliga komplikationerna av sjukdomen som kan drabba deras ungdom. Med ungdomens stigande ålder infaller ofta en kamp för självständighet från sina föräldrar. Sjuksköterskan har en viktig roll i att stödja föräldrarna genom denna process. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att belysa föräldrars upplevelser av att leva med en ungdom (10–19 år) diagnostiserad med typ 1-diabetes. Metod: En litteraturstudie baserad på elva kvalitativa artiklar analyserade med hjälp av innehållsanalys.    Resultat: Studiens huvudsakliga resultat belyser vikten av att som förälder kunna adaptera till en ny livssituation i och med ungdomens diabetesdiagnos. Föräldrar upplevde svårigheter med att hitta rätt grad av involvering och uppgav ett ökat behov av stöd, både personligen och i samband med ungdomens övergång mot självständighet. Slutsats: Att vara förälder till en ungdom med typ 1-diabetes är komplicerat. Som sjuksköterska är det av stor betydelse att förstå denna komplexitet. Sjuksköterskan bör ha en grundläggande förståelse för hur diabetes kan ha en stor inverkan på hela familjelivet och att diagnosen innebär en ny livssituation som både tonåringar och föräldrar måste anpassa sig till. / ABSTRACT Background: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease that requires daily administration of insulin. It is common for parents to feel concerned about the serious complications of the disease that may affect their adolescents. As the adolescent grows older, a struggle for independence from their parents often occurs and the nurse plays an important role in supporting parents through this process. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to highlight experiences of parents living with an adolescent (10–19 years) diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Method: A literature study based on eleven qualitative articles analyzed using content analysis. Results: The main findings of the study highlighted the importance for parents to adapt to a new life situation with the adolescent's diabetes diagnosis. Parents also experienced difficulties finding the right level of involvement, and stated an increased need for support both personally and when the adolescent is transitioning into being independent. Conclusion: Being a parent of an adolescent with type 1 diabetes is complicated. As a nurse it is therefore of great importance to understand this complexity. The nurse should have a fundamental understanding of how diabetes can have a major impact on the whole family life and that the diagnosis implies a new life situation that both adolescents and parents must adapt to.

The aim of this thesis is to deepen the understanding about the function of control in the inspection process and to increase the knowledge about the legitimacy and impact from inspection on different types of social and welfare services. In the thesis the form and legitimacy of the inspection process are studied in two types of social services in Sweden: a less complex service where the task to investigate and make decisions about social care dominates (IAD), and a more complex service where the task to provide treatment interventions dominates (TI). The data consists of policy documents, inspection reports, casefile documentation, and interviews with inspectors, politicians, managers and social workers. The inspection process is discussed in relation to theories about control systems and legitimacy processes. Inspection is a policy instrument whose standards are derived from legislations and where those subject to the inspection are obliged to meet the demands made by the inspectorates. This form of disciplinary control has been questioned given that its complexity makes it hard to regulate the practice of social work through detailed rules. By including a less disciplinary form of control the instrument’s ability to impact on more complex aspects of social services are expected to increase. The results show a difference in how the inspection process is set up in the two types of services. In the IAD services the process takes the form of a disciplinary control system, whereas the process in TI services initially takes the form of a non-disciplinary system. In spite of the differences observed in the initial stages of the process, the results show that the judgments of inspectors in both types of services are almost exclusively based on information about concrete and detailed aspects. This entails that the judgements of inspectors in both types of services mostly take the form of statements on simple observable and concrete conditions, whereas judgments about more complex aspects are rarely made. The study also shows that although the propriety and relevance of the inspectors’ judgements are questioned more in TI organisations inspections seem to have greater validity and impact on TI than on IAD organisations. The results of the thesis point to two explanations. One explanation is that the costs of dealing with the problems underlying the identified deficiencies are lower for TI than IAD organisations. This in turn leads to greater acceptance of carrying out the proposed measures in TI than in IAD organisations. Another possible explanation is that the potential sanctions are greater for TI than IAD organisations.

Uppsatsens syfte är att belysa hur den kommunala planeringen hanterar problematiken kring översvämningsrisker i praktiken vid waterfront housing-projekt. Genom att ta utgångspunkt i Granberg, Nyberg & Modhs, (2016) artikel om konkurrens och klimatanpassning i Karlstad, ämnar uppsatsen besvara frågeställningar kring hur klimatanpassning tillämpas i praktiken inom den kommunala planeringen, kopplat till översvämningsrisker vid waterfront housing-projekt. Dessutom undersöks kommunens påverkansmöjligheter när det kommer till att föra in klimatanpassning, kopplat till översvämningsrisken, vid waterfront housing-projekt. För att besvara frågeställningarna har en fallstudie genomförts på Kvarteret Kanoten i Karlstad. Uppsatsen tillämpar en kvalitativ metod i form av innehållsanalys av tillhörande kommunala handlingar för området och kompletteras med två intervjuer med två kommunala tjänstemän som varit delaktiga i planprocessen. Resultatet visar att den kommunala planeringen, med hjälp av tekniska lösningar, försöker förhindra, reducera samt vara beredda på översvämningsrisken. På så sätt översvämningsskyddas området samtidigt som exploatering möjliggörs. Resultatet pekar även på stora påverkansmöjligheter från den kommunala planeringens sida att föra in klimatanpassning. Främst genom den stora kunskap kring översvämningsnivåer och riskscenarion som finns tillgänglig. Det stora antalet exploatörer i området gör även att den kommunala planeringen kan lägga kostnaderna för översvämningsskyddet på de som vill bebygga området, vilket ökar de ekonomiska möjligheterna att få till ett bra skydd. Slutligen identifieras en brist på ett övergripande perspektiv som studerar översvämningshotet som helhet och på så sätt skapar möjligheter att urskilja lösningar som skyddar större områden. Som slutsats bekräftas Granberg, Nyberg & Modhs, (2016) forskningsartikel om att det ekonomiska perspektivet styr klimatanpassningsåtgärder. Klimatanpassning sker inte genom att undvika exploatering av dessa attraktiva områden, utan appliceras snarare när beslut om exploatering tagits. Skydd mot översvämning tillämpas i form av tekniska lösningar, vilket vittnar om en stor tilltro till tekniska lösningar och ekologisk modernisering från den kommunala planeringens sida att hantera problematiken. / The aim of this essay is to illustrate how the municipal planning deal with problems regarding the risk of flooding in practice, specifically in waterfront housing-projects. Taking a starting point in an article of Granberg, Nyberg & Modh (2016) about competitiveness and climate adaption in the city of Karlstad, this essay intends to answer research questions about how climate adaption is implemented practically in municipal planning, linked to the risk of flooding, in waterfront housing-projects. Also, the level of influence from the municipal planning to implement climate adaption measures in waterfront housing-projects is also investigated. To answer the research questions, a case study is applied on Kanoten, a waterfront area in Karlstad, Sweden. The essay applies a qualitative research approach with an analysis of content on related municipal documents and is supplemented with interviews with two municipal officials who were involved in the planning process of the area. The results show that the municipal planning, with the help of technical solutions, tries to handle the problem by preventing, reducing and preparing for the risk of flooding. In that way, the area is protected from flooding and available for exploitation at the same time. As it turns out, the result also indicates great possibilities for the municipal planning to implement climate adaption, mostly thanks to the great amount of knowledge on levels and potential scenarios on flooding that is available. The many developers in the area means that the municipal is able to put the costs of the flooding protection on those who want to exploit the area, making financial support and opportunities for protecting the area from flooding much better. Lastly, a deficiency is identified in terms of a broader perspective when looking at the threat of flooding in the city, a perspective that would be able to find solutions that protect larger areas. As a conclusion, the main findings of Granberg, Nyberg & Modh, (2016), regarding the superiority of the economical perspective that controls climate adaption measures, are confirmed by this essay. Climate adaption is not practiced by avoiding these attractive areas, but rather, it is applied when the decision to exploit the area is taken. Protection against flooding is applied through technical solutions which speaks of a great belief in these measures and ecological modernization from the perspective of the municipal planning to be able to handle the problem.

Harry Potter-serien har kommit att bli en väldigt populär serie både hos barn och vuxna över hela världen. I både böckernas originalform och de adapterade filmerna har människor förälskat sig i berättelserna om Harry Potter och hans magiska värld. Det har gjorts flertalet studier om Harry Potter, där olika perspektiv behandlas utefter böckerna och/eller filmerna. I denna studie är syftet att jämföra den tredje boken respektive filmen i serien, Harry Potter och fången från Azkaban (2001; 2004), för att se vilka likheter och skillnader som finns mellan boken och den adapterade filmen.Studien tar hjälp av två analysmetoder: narrativanalys och komparativ analys. Med hjälp av dessa analysmetoder har en resumé skrivits som behandlar både boken och filmen i sin helhet. Analysmetoderna har även använts till att redogöra för och jämföra bokens respektive filmens uppbyggnad och genre, men också tre av de viktigare karaktärerna i de olika medierna.Analysen visar att karaktärernas viktigare egenskaper inte påverkas i adaptionen, detsamma gäller för berättelsens handling och genre. Vissa händelser och egenskaper som finns med i boken finns inte med i den adapterade filmen, vilket kan förklaras av att filmskaparna var tvungna att göra flera val i produceringen av filmen för att behålla kärnan i berättelsen.Uppbyggnaden påverkas i adaptionen genom att de olika medierna för berättelsen vidare genom skilda sätt, men berättelsens kärna hålls intakt. I undervisningssyfte går det att dra slutsatsen att denna berättelse, både som bok och film, går att arbeta med i undervisningen i årskurs 1-3.

Purpose – The purpose is to develop a greater understanding of what is requested by customers with regards to e-commerce and mobile payments and how managers attitude can affect the technological adaption process. Furthermore, a suggested framework will be presented on how SMEs can adapt to these changes. Problem – The move towards the cashless society has changed the business environment and increased the demand for mobile payments and e-commerce. The transition to implement new technologies requires resources in terms of time, money and knowledge. Therefore, this process can be challenging for SMEs. Design-Methodology-Approach – Primary data is collected through case studies and secondary data from previous research conducted. Two SMEs within the retail business in Jönköping is investigated using semi-structured interviews. The combined data is analyzed together with previous literature within the field. Findings – The findings show that customers’ demand of e-commerce and mobile payments has increased. A positive correlation between managers’ attitude towards new technology and the implementation process is found. To adapt to these technological changes, it is important for SME managers to invest equally in knowledge and technology.