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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
381

EstÃgio Curricular e FormaÃÃo do Habitus Docente em EducaÃÃo Musical / Curricular Internship and Teaching Habitus in Musical Education

JoÃo Emanoel Ancelmo Benvenuto 30 January 2012 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Este trabalho foi desenvolvido no Programa de PÃs-GraduaÃÃo da Faculdade de EducaÃÃo da Universidade Federal do CearÃ, na Linha EducaÃÃo, CurrÃculo e Ensino, no Eixo de Ensino de MÃsica. A pesquisa tem como objetivo estudar o processo de formaÃÃo do habitus docente durante o perÃodo de inserÃÃo do estudante do curso de Licenciatura em MÃsica da UFC, com sede em Fortaleza, tendo como princÃpio investigar quais sÃo os fatores que colaboram para a construÃÃo deste habitus com a prÃtica docente. Investigando o momento do estÃgio curricular em mÃsica, busco pesquisar quais os sujeitos envolvidos que tem participaÃÃo ativa na construÃÃo e criaÃÃo desse significado pedagÃgico. As reflexÃes aqui apresentadas apontam que o estÃgio supervisionado oportuniza aos alunos a possibilidade de compreensÃo da prÃtica docente exercida pelo educador musical e o desenvolvimento de suas capacidades com maior seguranÃa. à necessÃrio ressaltar a importÃncia do estÃgio para a formaÃÃo do educador musical, pois à no exercÃcio docente que o professor encontrarà pontos de investigaÃÃo e reflexÃo para a avaliaÃÃo de sua prÃtica. Com base no valor atribuÃdo a EducaÃÃo Musical e na visÃo da atual situaÃÃo do ensino de mÃsica, objetiva-se com este estudo investigar o processo de formaÃÃo dos estudantes-estagiÃrios, relacionando à sua atuaÃÃo docente em sala de aula, para compreender como ocorre esta apropriaÃÃo por parte do educador musical. / This study was developed at the Education Course Post-graduation Program from Federal Cearà University (UFC), in Education, Curriculum and Teaching research line applied in Music Teaching. This research aims to study the teaching habitus education process during the insertion period of the UFC student from the Music Teaching Program, in the city of Fortaleza. The research purpose is to investigate what the elements which collaborate on the construction of this habitus together with teaching practicum are. By investigating the curriculum moment of music teaching practicum, I seek to research what the individuals involved who have active participation on the construction and creation of the pedagogical meaning are. The reflections presented here show supervised practicum gives to students, as an opportunity, the possibility of practical teaching comprehension carried out by the music teacher and the development of more secure teaching abilities by them. It is necessary to highlight the importance of teaching trainment for education of the musical teacher, for it is in the teaching practice the teacher will find investigation topics and reflections to evaluate his teaching technique. As to the value attributed to Music Education and on the recent music teaching situation view, the research has the purpose of investigating the trainee studentsâ education process related to hi performance in the classes, in order to comprehend how this appropriation by the music teacher happens.
382

Prática científica dos agentes nas pesquisas em estratégia nos programas stricto sensu em administração no brasil sob a ótica de bourdieu / Sicentific practice of agents of research strategy in stricto sensu programs in brazil from the perspective of bourdieu

Lima, Adriana de Sousa 09 June 2016 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T16:05:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana_ Lima.pdf: 3585771 bytes, checksum: 55fe63c30127542de19a062ec50a522c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-09 / The context of the scientific research can be considered as a scientific field, a social space formed by power relations between agents which accumulate scientific capital. The operation of this field produces and assumes a specific form of interest, contaminated by the knowledge of the position occupied on the hierarchies established in the field that directly influence the scientific practices choices. In this essay was aimed to understand the research agents scientific practice in strategy in the academic programs in stricto sensu in Brazil, under the Bourdieu's perspective. The research s strategy combined aspects of praxiology proposed by Bourdieu with the study technique of collective case and involved statistical analysis with a set of in-depth interviews. The main findings demonstrates that scientific practices perform as a mechanical reaction, directly determined by the conditions that precede it, adjusted by the requirements contained in the field structures. It was identified in the research, among the epistemological approaches reviewed, the predominance of studies that seek to build objective relations in which the social agent appears as a mere performer of something that is objectively programmed, that is external and the hegemony of quantitative research. Finally, it was noticed that the scientific practice of agents on research in strategy rely on the recognition of a competence which, beyond the effects it produces, provides authority and contributes to define not only game s rules but also its regularity / O contexto da pesquisa científica pode ser considerado como campo científico, um espaço social formado por relações de força entre agentes que acumulam capital científico. O funcionamento desse campo produz e supõe uma forma específica de interesses, contaminado pelo conhecimento da posição ocupada nas hierarquias instituídas do campo e que influenciam diretamente as escolhas das práticas científicas. O estudo que se apresenta buscou compreender, sob a ótica de Bourdieu, a prática científica dos agentes das pesquisas em estratégia nos programas acadêmicos stricto sensu em administração no Brasil. A estratégia da pesquisa combinou aspectos da praxiologia proposta por Bourdieu e a técnica de estudo de caso coletivo e envolveu análises estatísticas com um conjunto de entrevistas em profundidade. Os principais achados demonstram que as práticas científicas funcionam como uma reação mecânica, diretamente determinada pelas condições que a antecedem, ajustadas às exigências inscritas nas estruturas do campo. Identificou-se, na pesquisa analisada, quanto às abordagens epistemológicas revisadas, a predominância de estudos que buscam construir relações objetivas em que o agente social aparece como mero executante de algo que se encontra objetivamente programado, que lhe é exterior, e a hegemonia de pesquisas quantitativas. Por fim, foi possível perceber que a prática científica dos agentes nas pesquisas em estratégia repousa sobre o reconhecimento de uma competência que, para além dos efeitos que ela produz, proporciona autoridade e contribui para definir não somente as regras do jogo, mas também sua regularidade.
383

Decifra-me! Não me devore! Gênero e sexualidade nas tramas das lembranças e nas práticas escolares / Decipher me! Don´t gobble me! Gender and sexuality in the plots of memories in the school practices

Silva, Sirlene Mota Pinheiro da 30 October 2015 (has links)
Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar o lugar que ocupam as questões de gênero e da sexualidade na trajetória pessoal, profissional e nas práticas escolares de docentes egressos/as do Curso Gênero e Diversidade na Escola (GDE), no estado do Maranhão. A História Oral de Vida e a História Oral Temática, conforme sugestões de Meihy e Holanda (2011) foram utilizadas na organização do percurso metodológico, entrevistando-se quatro professoras e três professores que realizaram o Curso GDE ofertado pela Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA) no biênio 2009-2010. As entrevistas possibilitaram circunscrever o objeto de estudo e delinear a perspectiva de análise para sustentar a pertinência da abordagem proposta. Como aporte teórico, adotou-se principalmente os estudos de Pierre Bourdieu e seus conceitos de habitus, campo, dominação masculina e violência simbólica, dentre outros que foram identificados nas trajetórias percorridas. Destacam-se as influências da família, da escola e da igreja na construção e constituição dos habitus dos sujeitos que colaboraram na pesquisa. São discutidas questões de gênero e sexualidade estudadas (ou não) nos cursos de licenciatura realizados pelos colaboradores/as do estudo. Problematizam-se as representações que os sujeitos possuem acerca das questões de gênero e sexualidade, tanto nos processos de formação, como em suas práticas escolares, destacando-se indícios de construção dos gêneros e das sexualidades nos processos escolares vividos. São discutidos alguns dos desafios enfrentados na UFMA pela equipe que integra o trabalho pedagógico de formação continuada no curso GDE. Por fim são apresentados e analisados os impactos do curso nas trajetórias percorridas pelos/as professores/as colaboradores/as deste estudo, destacando-se alguns dos obstáculos encontrados no caminho, bem como as identificações e achados nos seus percursos. Ao recorrer a noção de habitus e ao considerar a perspectiva do gênero e da sexualidade, foi possível identificar traços importantes na construção dos modos de agir dos/as colaboradores/as em suas trajetórias percorridas e nas práticas escolares que desenvolvem. / The purpose of this research is to analyze the place of gender and sexuality issues in the personal and professional trajectory and in the school practices of teachers who took the Course on Gender and Sexuality at School (GDE), in the state of Maranhão. Oral History of Life and Thematic Oral History, according to suggestions by Meihy and Holanda (2011), were utilized in organizing the methodological rouse, with interviews of four female teachers and three male teacher who took the GDE Course provided by the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) in the years 2009-2010. The interviews allowed me to circumscribe the object of study and outline the perspective of analysis, aspiring to hold the pertinence of the approach proposed. As theoretical input, I have adopted mainly the studies by Pierre Bourdieu and his concepts of habitus, field, male domination and symbolic violence, among others that were perceived in the trajectories followed. Highlights are the influence by the family, the school and the local church in the building and constitution of the habitus of the subjects who cooperated in the research. I discuss the gender and issues that were studied (or not) in the graduation courses taken by the interviewees. I address and problematize the notions that the subjects have about gender and sexuality issues both the in the processes of their teacher education, and in their school practices, pointing out the signs of construction of gender and sexuality in the school processes they had experienced. I discuss some of the challenges faced by UFMA and the team that performs the pedagogical work of continued teacher development in the GDE course. Finally, I present and analyze the impacts of the course on the trajectories taken by the teachers who cooperated with this study/, with a highlight to some of the obstacles found along the path, as well as the identifications and findings in their routes. By recurring to the concept of habitus and by taking into consideration the perspective of gender and sexuality, it was possible to identify important features in the building of the ways the interviewees act in the trajectories they have made and in the school practices they develop.
384

Återanvändning av kläder – Föreställningar om klass / Reuse of Clothes – Conceptions of Class

Alveus, Wilma January 2018 (has links)
Återanvändning av kläder är en växande konsumentpraktik och kommer ofta från konsumentens vilja att vara unika, köpa till ett lågt pris och göra ett miljövänligt val. Motiven för återanvändning har studerats, men väldigt få har undersökt varför dessa motiv uppstår. Frågan om det är demografiska aspekter bakom motiven uppstår. Denna studie är avsedd att bidra till luckan i litteraturen. Målet är att undersöka om klass och klassidentitet påverkar föreställningar om återanvändning av kläder. Studien har genomförts med intervjuer med fem tjänstemän. Data har analyserats med Bourdieus teori om habitus, för att identifiera deltagarnas kulturella eller ekonomiska kapital och om det skapar ett habitus som påverkar föreställningar om återanvändning. Analysen visar att det finns en dominerande föreställning om återanvända kläder som objekt med högt kulturellt kapital och lågt ekonomiskt kapital. Som ett resultat av denna föreställning måste återanvända kläder konsumeras frivilligt i förhållande till konsumentens ekonomiska kapital. Föreställningarna om återanvända kläder är nära förknippade med klassidentiteter. Informanterna föreställer sig att arbetsklassen och tjänstemannaklassen avstår återanvända kläder på grund av dess låga ekonomiska kapital. En föreställning om medelklassen med ett högt kulturellt kapital är kopplad till en föreställning om återanvända kläder med en högt kulturellt kapital. Studien fann flera föreställningar relaterade till klass men inget samband mellan informanternas separata klassidentitet och konsumtion av återanvända kläder kunde hittas. / The reuse of clothing is a growing consumer practice and often originate from the consumers wish to be unique, buy at a low price and make an eco-friendly choice. The motives for reuse have been studied but very few have explored why these motives emerge. Therefore, one might wonder whether there are demographic aspects behind the attitudes. This thesis is meant to contribute to the gap in the literature. The purpose is to explore if class and class identities affect conceptions on reuse of clothes. The research has been conducted by interviews with five consumers within the manager and professional classes. Data has been analyzed with Bourdieu’s theory on habitus to identify the participants cultural or economical capital and if it creates a habitus affecting conceptions on reuse. The analysis shows there is a dominant conception on reused clothes as objects with high cultural capital and low economical capital. Because of this conception consuming reused clothes must be chosen freely in relation to the consumers economical capital. Conceptions are closely related to class identities. The participants do not ideate the working class and the manager class consuming reused clothes due to its low economical capital. A conception of the middle class with a high cultural capital is linked with a conception on reused clothes with a high cultural capital. The study found several conceptions related to class but no correlation between the informant separate class identity and consumption of reused good could be found. This thesis is written in Swedish
385

Studenters kost- och motionsvanor vid Högskolan Väst relaterat till kön och institution / Dietary and exercise habits among students at University West related to sex and affiliated instituition

Björnkvist, Caroline, Janshed, Hanna January 2011 (has links)
Syftet med studien var att undersöka studenters kost- och motionsvanor vid Högskolan Väst relaterat till kön och institution. Studiens resultat baserades på 323 insamlade enkäter, relevant litteratur och vetenskapliga verk som avhandlingar, rapporter och artiklar. Resultatet av högskolestudenternas kost- och motionsvanor analyserades ur ett sociologiskt perspektiv. Studien visade skillnader mellan studenters kost- och motionsvanor i flera avseenden beroende av kön och institution. Kvinnliga studenter på Högskolan Väst har i flera avseenden uppgett sig ha bättre kost- och motionsvanor än de manliga studenterna. Resultatet i studien visade samtidigt en marginell skillnad mellan hur ofta de manliga och kvinnliga studenterna utförde motion. Studenter från institutionen Omvårdnad, hälsa & kultur har i flera avseenden uppgett sig ha bättre kost- och motionsvanor enligt svenska rekommendationer än övriga institutionerna. Studenter från Ekonomi & IT uppgav sig följa de svenska näringsrekommendationerna i minst utsträckning. Högskolestudenter från institutionen Ingenjörsvetenskap utförde minst motion och fysiskt aktivitet i jämförelse med andra institutioner från Högskolan Väst. / The purpose of this study was to examine if there were any differences between students’ dietary and exercise habits depending on sex and affiliated institution at University West. The study was based on 323 questionnaires, relevant literature and scientific works as theses, reports and articles. The results were analyzed from a sociological perspective. Dependent on sex or institution affiliation differences were found of dietary and exercise habits. Female students at University West in many respects indicate somewhat better dietary and exercise habits than male students did. In addition, small differences between the frequency of male and female students’ exercise were found. According to the Swedish guidelines for dietary and exercise students from the Department of Nursing, Health and Culture reported more healthy habits than students in average. Opposite to this finding, students from the Department of Economics & Informatics, showed the least compliance to the Swedish guidelines. Students from the Department of Engineering exercised least frequently compared to students from the other examined institutions at University West.
386

Vad ska du bli när du blir stor? : Vilka faktorer påverkar gymnasievalet?

Beckman Pontén, Helen, Åkerblom, Emma January 2012 (has links)
Huvudsyftet med denna studie är att kartlägga vilka faktorer som påverkar i gymnasievalet. Frågeställningar som belyses är vilka faktorer som påverkar eleverna och vilka personer som är betydelsefulla. I studien diskuteras också skillnader mellan olika grupper som exempelvis kön. Metoden som valdes var enkätundersökning med elever i årskurs 9 som stod inför sitt gymnasieval. Resultatet visar att intresse och att programmet ska förbereda för högre studier är de faktorer som påverkar mest. Betydelsefulla personer är framförallt eleven själv, men också vårdnadshavare. Som teoretisk utgångspunkt har Pierre Bourdieus begreppsram använts. Resultatet visar att vårdnadshavarnas utbildningsnivå har en direkt påverkan på elevens meritvärde vilket i sin tur påverkar valet mot ett bredare program med inriktning mot teoretiska ämnen. Det finns ett samband mellan vilket intresse som utvecklas och elevens habitus. Vårdnadshavarnas informationskapital och skolkapital påverkar också elevens val av program. / The main objective of this study is to identify factors that affect the high school choice. The research questions highlights factors that affect students and which persons were significant. The study also discusses the differences between various groups such as sex. The chosen method was a questionnaire survey of students in grade 9 who were facing their election. The results showed that interest and the program to prepare for higher studies was the factors that impacted the most. Important people were mainly pupils themselves, but also parents. As a theoretical point, Pierre Bourdieu's conceptual framework has been used. The results shown that parents education has a direct impact on the student's merit rating, which affects the choice of a broader program focusing on academic subjects. There is a relationship between the interest which is being developed and the student's habitus. Parents' information capital and school capital also affects the student's choice of programs.
387

Föräldraengagemang, finns det olika sätt? : En studie om en grupp mödrars förhållningssätt till föräldraengagemang

Ako, Nadidam January 2013 (has links)
Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative study was to illustrate and analyze the approach and parental involvement of a group of mothers in their children's schooling. Also their reflections on parental involvement will be highlighted and what the parents experience as obstacles in their involvement. Method: I conducted six semi structured interviews for my research. I chose to interview six mothers who have a child in the sixth grade. I chose specifically the sixth grade because the mothers will have had quite a few contacts with the school at this point. I also chose not to reveal their ethnicity because they cannot represent a whole ethnic group anyway. Result: The result of my interviews show that the parents have different approaches when it comes to parental involvement. The approaches are different between the mothers but one thing they have in common is that they care about their children.  Conclusion: One of the conclusions of this study is that the parents who do not participate in meetings and activities at school, are either because of language barrier or lack of information concerning what the school expects of them. Furthermore the study shows that their lack of participation in school activities does not mean that they are not involved as parents. Instead they express their involvement in different ways, mainly in their homes.
388

School choice in a new market context: A case study of The Shelbyville College

English, Rebecca Maree January 2005 (has links)
Since the 1990s in Australia, education policies have created an environment in which competition among schools has increased and parental choice of school has been encouraged. This has been coupled with practices of corporatisation, marketisation and performativity, which have led to the proliferation of a new type of independent school, which operate in the outer suburbs of large cities, target a specific niche market, and charge low cost fees. This study examines the reasons parents are making the choice to send their children to a new, non-government schools in preference to other alternatives and the role of promotional material produced by the school in that choice. The case study of one such school, The Shelbyville College, involved in-depth interviewing of parents at the College as well as a Critical Discourse Analysis (Fairclough) of the College's prospectus and website which act as performative tools to measure the school's effectiveness in the market. Using Bourdieu's concepts of habitus and cultural capital, the study showed that parents interviewed were choosing this type of school to increase the educational and social status and career prospects of their children as 'extraordinary children'. Through such discourses, parents as consumers of particular schooling products and their engagement with the promotional activities of the College are produced as 'good parents'. Seeking and engaging with promotional material helped remove any dissonance that may occur from a long and expensive relationship with the institution. In choosing this particular school, parents were seeking 'good Christian values' and the freedom to actively engage in their children's education. The College, through its promotional efforts, promises to build on familial habitus and inculcate valued cultural capital in order to make students more successful academically and socially than their parents. The promotional materials of the website and prospectus emphasised the co-curricular involvement in music, speech and drama and invite parents into a discourse of success through the College's educational offering which creates 'extraordinary children'. The uniform mandated by the College is another 'text' in the production of extraordinary children as outlined in the prospectus and website and is an important site for identity production. The uniform demonstrates, not only the disciplinary regime and preparation for professional dress, but also the prestige and esteem derived from the consumption of high status products such as non-government schooling. It is expected that the findings of this study will have relevance for government schools that are the primary competition for new, non-government schools and will lose funding if they continue to lose students. The study will have some implications for CEO (Catholic Education Office) schools that have traditionally provided a low-cost alternative to the government sector. Parents in the study reported choosing the new, non-government school because of differences in values, and perceptions of safety and status improvement offered by these schools. The continued success of the new, non-government schools is also likely to have broader effects on social and educational inequality in Australia through their effects on the government school sector.
389

Estudo exploratório do Serviço de Assessoria Técnica, Social e ambiental à Reforma Agrária - (Ates) em Minas Gerais / Study exploratory of the Program of Technical Assessorship Social and environmental to the Agrarian Reformation (ATES) in the State of Minas Gerais

Scaramelo, Reinaldo Marcos 27 July 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:33:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 688780 bytes, checksum: 36dcfdf182b722c841e8dcd943557d91 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-27 / This dissertation was configured as a study of exploratory nature concerning the conceptions accomplished in the excussion of the Program of Technical Assessorship, Social and environmental to the Agrarian Reformation (ATES) in the State of Minas Gerais. Originally it was inquired asit would be being implemented this program in this State and what differences would there be in the performance of the lenders of theservice in reason of the dissatisfaction of the seated ones ahead of an inadequate assessorship. Thus, it was questioned what these services were potencializing and what could be limiting its action in the nest .Previous researches indicated that the same service would be if disclosing in practical well distinct in different institutions. Therefore, the problem of this dissertation in the following terms was delineated: which are the biggest impasses and the biggest conquests in the implementation of the Program of ATES in Minas Gerais? How the institutions were guiding the action of the technician in the Services of ATES? How it was being made the process of construction of the participation of the attended populations?After all, which is the most adjusted institutional drawing more for the work of assessorship in nest? What it would have to be foreseen in a program or a public politic as it could guarantee effective assessor ship, not only technical, but, social and also environmental? It was defined as objective generality to describe the practical ones of ATES, featuring the dissonances and accories of corporative conceptions. As objective specific they have searched to identify the meanings attributed for the institutions searched to the practical ones of ATES carried through and systemize the concerns of the coordinators and articulators.From the knowledge of the experiences lived by these, since 2004, when the ATES program was created, it was intended to point out perspectives and necessities to be definite as demands of public policies to guarantee an effective and adequate work the assess ring in the nesting, so that they could contribute for a most sustainable development of the families in the conquered land. For these analyses data-collection strategies have been thought that implied a direct contact with rendering institutions of the service. However, throughout the research, the proposal was adapted in its execution, because of the understanding that if made of the reasons of competitive nature in which the institutions were involved, what it implied in limitations for the direct contact with the field technicians. Moreover, the study of all the lenders of the service in Minas Gerais, of that time (nine to all) became impracticable in reason of dimension of the state and the adverse conditions where the INCRA-MG it was involved in the year of 2008. Therefore, in the new delineation it opted itself to carrying through a exploratory comparative study of the conceptions that guided the performance of professionals of ATES in only two institutions linked with INCRA - MG: a state-owned company, the Company of Assistance Technique and Rural Extension (EMATER) and another on one to a social movement, that, in the case, was on institution to the Movement of the Agricultural Workers Without-Land - MST, the named State Association of Agricultural Cooperation (AESCA). Moreover, to complete the understanding of the efetivation of the Program, they had participated of the survey, former-articulators contracted by the INCRA, those responsible for the mediation of this agency and the lenders or nests. This way, this research defined as strategy data-collection, the accomplishment of interviews in depth with corporative representatives of the lenders, from which it was possible to elaborate hypotheses that will be able to guide other studies of evaluation of the Program of ATES. Its depositions had been analyzed to the light of the lines of direction of the PNATER and of the Program of PSTAA, when already it was possible to punctuate differences effective of each lender of the service. From the depositions with the coordinators of ATES of the searched institutions it was possible to identify very great discursive differences, as much of the strategies of work how much to the social and politician role to whom they attribute while institution (state-owned company and organization of the social movement). Besides, those lender of the service are not configured as social institutions that they accomplish rights, but as organizations lender of the service, that can, or no, to be rendered. Therefore, the discontinuity is a mark and a limit of the you ATES. Besides, those lender of the service are not configured as social institutions that they accomplish rights, but as organizations lender of the service, that can, or no, to be rendered. Therefore, the discontinuity is a mark and a limit of the you ATES. / Esta dissertação configurou-se como um estudo de natureza exploratória acerca das concepções efetivadas na execução do Programa de Assessoria Técnica, Social e Ambiental à Reforma Agrária (ATES) no Estado de Minas Gerais. Originalmente, indagou-se como estaria sendo implementado esse programa neste Estado e que diferenças haveria na atuação das prestadoras do serviço em razão da insatisfação dos assentados diante de uma assessoria inadequada. Assim, questionou-se o que esses serviços estavam potencializando e o que poderiam estar limitando suas ações nos assentamentos. Pesquisas anteriores indicavam que o mesmo serviço estaria se revelando em práticas bem distintas em diferentes instituições. Por isso, delineou-se o problema desta dissertação nos seguintes termos: quais os maiores impasses e as maiores conquistas na implementação do Programa de ATES em Minas Gerais? Como as instituições estavam orientando a ação dos técnicos nos Serviços de ATES? Como estava sendo feito o processo de construção da participação das populações atendidas? Afinal, qual o desenho institucional mais adequado para o trabalho de assessoria em assentamentos? O que deveria estar previsto num programa ou política pública para assentamentos de forma que garantisse efetiva assessoria, não só técnica, mas também, social e ambiental? Definiu-se como objetivo geral descrever as práticas de ATES, caracterizando as dissonâncias e consonâncias de concepções institucionais. Como objetivos específicos buscou-se identificar os significados atribuídos pelas instituições pesquisadas às práticas de ATES realizadas e sistematizar as opiniões dos coordenadores e articuladores. A partir do conhecimento das experiências vividas pelas instituições, desde 2004, quando foi criado o programa de ATES, pretendeu-se apontar perspectivas e necessidades a serem definidas como demandas de políticas públicas para garantir um trabalho efetivo e adequado à assessoria em assentamentos, no sentido de que viessem contribuir para o desenvolvimento mais sustentável das famílias na terra conquistada. Para estas análises foram pensadas estratégias de levantamento de dados que implicavam um contato direto com instituições prestadoras do serviço. Contudo, ao longo da pesquisa, a proposta foi adaptada em sua execução, em razão da compreensão que se fez das razões de natureza competitiva nas quais as instituições estavam envolvidas, o que implicou em limitações para o contato direto com os técnicos de campo. Além disso, o estudo de todas as prestadoras do serviço em Minas Gerais, daquela época (nove ao todo), tornou-se inviável em razão da dimensão estadual e das condições adversas em que o INCRA-MG se viu envolvido no ano de 2008. Por isso, no novo delineamento optou-se por realizar um estudo exploratório das concepções que orientavam a atuação de profissionais de ATES em apenas duas instituições conveniadas com o INCRA-MG: uma empresa estatal, a Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (EMATER) e outra ligada a um movimento social, que, no caso, foi a instituição ligada ao Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem-Terra - MST, a denominada Associação Estadual de Cooperação Agrícola (AESCA). Além disso, para completar a compreensão da efetivação do Programa, participaram do levantamento, ex-articuladores contratados pelo INCRA, que eram responsáveis pela mediação deste órgão e as prestadoras ou assentamentos. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa definiu como estratégia de levantamento de dados, a realização de entrevistas em profundidade com representantes institucionais das prestadoras e com ex-articuladores do INCRA, a partir das quais foi possível elaborar hipóteses que poderão orientar outros estudos de avaliação do Programa de ATES. Seus depoimentos foram analisados à luz das diretrizes da PNATER e do Programa de ATES, quando já foi possível pontuar diferenças efetivas de cada prestadora do serviço. A partir dos depoimentos colhidos foi possível identificar diferenças discursivas muito grandes entre as prestadoras, tanto das estratégias de trabalho quanto do papel social e político que desempenham. Além disso, essas prestadoras não se configuram como instituições sociais que realizam direitos, mas como organizações prestadoras de serviços, que podem, ou não, ser prestados. Por isso, a descontinuidade é uma marca e um limite da ATES.
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Förväntningar och krav på kvinnor idag : En kvalitativ studie om unga kvinnors beskrivningar av arbetsfördelningen i hemmet ur en jämställdhetskontext

Petersson, Frida, Lindhe, Moa January 2018 (has links)
Abstrakt Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur kvinnor upplever arbetsfördelningen mellan könen i hemmet. Vårt mål är att skapa en förståelse samt belysa hur sju unga kvinnor som lever i en samborelation upplever den könsrelaterade fördelningen vad gäller hushållssysslor i de svenska hemmen idag. För att besvara studiens syfte använde vi oss av en kvalitativ metod där vi utgick från hermeneutiken som metodansats. Vi utförde sju semistrukturerade intervjuer, i syfte att fånga upp och beröra kvinnornas upplevelser och erfarenheter. Materialet vi fick ut av intervjuerna analyserades med begrepp som Individualisering (Beck), Första och Andra skiftet (Hochschild), Habitus (Bourdieu) samt Det andra könet (de Beauvoir). Studiens resultat visar att majoriteten av kvinnorna upplever att de utför mer hemarbete än sin partner. Vi kunde utläsa att kvinnorna har utformat olika strategier i syfte att få sin partner att utföra mer hushållssysslor, något som i våra ögon innebär att de får ta rollensom ”projektledare” i många fall. Resultatet indikerar även på att det finns en kluvenhetmellan en ny medvetenhet och gamla förhållanden, vilket hos kvinnorna har skapat såväl nya förväntningar som önskningar på situationen i hemmet. Detta är bland annat ett svar på framväxten av ett mer individualiserat samhälle där jämställdhetsfrågor står allt mer i fokus. / The purpose of this study is to highlight how women experience the division of labour at home between genders. Our goal is to create an understanding as well as illustrate how young women living in a co-relationship experience the gender-related distribution of domestic household chores in Swedish homes today. In order to answer the study's purpose, we used a qualitative method where we went from hermeneutics as a method. We conducted seven semi-structured interviews in order to capture and touch the women's experiences and experiences. The material we received from the interviews was analyzed with concepts such as Individualization (Beck), First and Second Shift (Hochschild), Habitus (Bourdieu) and The Second Sex (de Beauvoir). The study's findings show that the majority of women feel that they are doing more housework than their partner. We could state that women have designed different strategies to make their partners perform more household chores, which in our eyes means that they can take the role of "project manager" in many cases. The result also indicates that there is a gap between a new awareness and old conditions, which in women has created new expectations as well as the wishes of the home situation. This is, among other things, a response to the emergence of a more individualized society where equality issues are increasingly in focus.

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