This study, Death shadowed by life: Accountability in popular interpretations of suicide in Sweden 1850–1900, draws inspiration from the perspective of new cultural history, exploring ideas of accountability and the relationship between life and death in interpretations of suicide in late 19th century rural Sweden. The sources used in this study consist of records of popular belief and practice that were collected in the early 20th century. In historical writings suicide is often treated as an isolated act which was by default morally condemned. In this work the perspective is broadened, analysing the self-killing act in relation to understandings of the self-murderer’s earlier life as well as to related types of death. I argue that the definition of suicide, in the context here examined, had less to do with the intention and agency of the person who killed themself than with the context of the person’s earlier life. The main aspect when classifying deaths, both accidental and intentional, as suicides was the presence of sinful acts in the past. Furthermore, suicide was part of an even wider category of deaths caused by sinful acts in life. However, as opposed to these other kinds of death, suicide was understood as the ultimate proof of sinful behaviour. Finally, I suggest that sin in this context had a pragmatic facet that intertwined with, but did not depend on, moral judgment. This study thus sheds new light on the stigmatization of suicide.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoJCS_TESE.pdf: 2219820 bytes, checksum: 632b7cd6622130b3bdc61f441c42e663 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Due to lack of work on the history of Baptist schools in the Northeast region of Brazil, it is important to understand through a historical reconstruction of the Baptist Protestant education. We embarked on this venture as a chance to understand the presence of Protestant schools, and his ideas on Brazilian soil. Our goal is to promote a reflection which has the axial dimension of the Baptists Protestant education, in time, we will place the debate between 1902-1942. The temporal boundaries of 1902-1942 was because 1902 was when he started the American Baptist College of Recife in 1942 and that ends the cycle of managing directors of Americans. Understand the functionality of time a school is justified when we realize that the history of education is the story of a work of self and formation within a framework that has the school as the main support that can enable a reading of reality. We also intend to examine the school culture brought to Brazil by American missionaries and their applicability in the Brazilian cultural-historical context. And just to demonstrate the hypothesis that the educational contribution of Baptists added to the participation of other Protestants promoted advances in Brazilian society. Possibly taking for granted that the Baptists were in possession of the democratic ideals of religious freedom, taken by many representatives and religious version of the republican regime. In addition to promoting a model in Brazil to make different methodological schools, based on the ideals of new school and ethics of the Bible. Our proposed research aims at understanding how North American missionaries settled in Brazil and what were the purposes of adding to the efforts of evangelization to formal education, binomial that justified the establishment of schools. A vision of saving men for evangelization and education of the Devil attack victims over the ethics of Christ / Devido ? aus?ncia de trabalhos sobre a hist?ria das escolas batistas na regi?o Nordeste do Brasil, se faz importante compreender a reconstitui??o hist?rica da educa??o protestante batista. Embarcamos nessa empreitada como possibilidade de compreender a presen?a das escolas protestantes e seu ide?rio em solo brasileiro. O nosso objetivo ? o de promover uma reflex?o que tenha como dimens?o axial a educa??o protestante dos batistas, no tempo, situaremos o debate entre 1902-1942. A escolha da delimita??o temporal (1902-1942) se deu porque 1902 foi o ano de funda??o do Col?gio Americano Batista do Recife e 1942 o ano do t?rmino do ciclo da gest?o dos diretores norte-americanos. Compreender a funcionalidade temporal de uma institui??o escolar se justifica quando entendemos que a hist?ria da educa??o ? a hist?ria de um trabalho de auto e heteroforma??o, num quadro que tem a institui??o escolar como principal suporte que pode possibilitar uma leitura da realidade. Tamb?m pretendemos analisar a cultura escolar trazida ao Brasil pelos mission?rios norte-americanos e sua aplicabilidade no contexto hist?rico-cultural brasileiro, e assim demonstrar a hip?tese de que a contribui??o educacional dos batistas somada ? participa??o dos demais protestantes hist?ricos promoveu avan?os na sociedade brasileira. Possivelmente tendo como pressuposto que os batistas foram portadores dos ideais democr?ticos da liberdade religiosa, tidos por muitos como representantes e vers?o religiosa do regime republicano. Al?m de promover no Brasil um modelo metodol?gico diferenciado de fazer escola, pautado nos ideais da Escola Nova e na ?tica da B?blia. Nossa proposta de pesquisa busca o entendimento de como os mission?rios norte-americanos se fixaram no Brasil e quais foram os prop?sitos de adicionarem aos esfor?os da evangeliza??o a educa??o formal, bin?mio que fundamentou a cria??o de escolas. Uma vis?o de salvar, pela evangeliza??o e educa??o, os homens que sofreram ataques do Diabo em detrimento da ?tica de Cristo

The problem of the existence of a devil is important, since it relates to other beliefs which a person or his religion may uphold. The orthodox Christian concepts of the divinity of Christ, the Fall of man, the Atonement, and the inspiration of the Bible are altered when a belief in Satan is discarded.The prophets of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormon) take a very definite stand concerning the existence of Satan. They declare that the devil and his angels exist and that they tempt and try to deceive men. L.D.S. scriptures, given through modern revelation, not only show that Satan exists and tempts men but also confirm the authenticity of the Old and New Testaments. However, these scriptures indicate that many passages relating to Satan are missing from the Old Testament. Therefore, on the testimony of modern scripture, the Latter-day Saints maintain that the concept of Satan did not evolve into Jewish thinking and literature by natural means. Rather, the prophets of God since the days of Adam have declard that Satan exists, and some of these prophets have come fact to face with him.Through modern scripture and latter-day prophets, the Latter-day Saints believe that Satan and his angels are spirits, in the image of men, who rebelled against God and were cast down to the earth and have been here since men were upon the earth. These evil spirits have been denied the privilege of obtaining mortal bodies; therefore, they sometimes seek to possess bodies of people living upon the earth. However, they are often detected by Elders holding the Priesthood and are cast out. On occasions they have attacked mortals and in every way tried to destroy the Kingdom of God on earth.The question of Satan's existence is interrelated with many L.D.S. doctrines. The Mormon concepts concerning opposition, the Fall, the Atonement, the divinity of Jesus Christ, and the inspiration of The Book of Mormon and other modern scripture, would of necessity be changed if Satan were to be denied as real person. The Latter-day Saints state that it is through their belief in modern revelation--scripture, the prophets, and personal revelation through the power of the Holy Ghost--that they know Satan exists, that they know many things concerning his origin and career, and that they are able in many cases to expose his deceptions.

This thesis addresses devil beliefs in Karlstad diocese during the years ca. 1870-1950. The aim of thethesis is to shed light on devil tales that were told during the above-mentioned timeframe with thetheoretical framework of Ulrika Wolf-Knuts’s devil genres. Moreover, the thesis attempts todistinguish a folklore-devil affected by the Christian revival in Sweden during the 19th century. Thethesis thus contributes to a deeper understanding of devil tales in Karlstad diocese, the revival’ssignificance over folklore and comprehension of the Värmlandic and Dalslandic peoples’ culturalhistorical heritage. A hermeneutic as well as comparative methodology was used to navigate the source materialwhich consists of 20th century records of folk belief from The Institute for Language and Folklore(Isof) archives; these consists of stories told by people born during the second half of the 19th century.Furthermore, the records are complimented by a printed work by Carl-Martin Bergstrand,Värmlandssägner, wherein additional stories where analysed. The analysis shows that the source material fits well together with Wolf-Knuts’s devil genres,moreover, four new genres could be identified within Karlstad diocese. These contain mostlyinformative storytelling but are also complementary to Wolf-Knuts’s non-necessary devil genres.Wolf-Knuts’s theoretical framework can thereby receive an update considering these findings.Furthermore, the results determine that the peoples’ understanding of the devil is uniform in itsmultifaceted nature. The thesis puts out a hypothesis; the terminology when referring to the dark lorddiffers in places wherein the Christian revival had a greater hold. There, it was commonplace to usebiblical names for the devil. If the Christian revival is definitively responsible for this occurrence ornot could not be determined.

No description available.

No description available.

Uppsatsens syfte är att analysera hur djävulsgestalten används som visuell metafor för depression i den animerade kortfilmen How Have You Been? (2020) skapad av Polly Nor och Adam Baker. Detta med målet att skapa bredare förståelse för hur visuella metaforer kan användas inom visuell kommunikation för att gestalta känslor. Studien utförs med hjälp av en semiotisk analys samt metaforanalys med teoretisk utgångspunkt i semiotik och metaforteori. Uppsatsen resulterade i kunskap kring hur den visuella metaforen förstärks genom personifiering av depression samt en stark relation mellan protagonist o antagonist. Även förvandling av djävulsgestalten har stor betydelse för hur den visuella metaforen tolkas. Ytterligare framkom det att filmskaparna använder symboler samt ickeverbal kommunikation för att förstärka den visuella metaforen. / The purpose of this thesis is to analyze how the devil figure is used as a visual metaphor for depression in the animated short film How Have You Been? (2020) made by Polly Nor and Adam Baker. This with the goal to create a wider understanding about how visual metaphor can be used in the field of visual communication to portray emotions. The study is carried out with the help of a semiotic analysis as well as a metaphor analysis with a theoretical basis in semiotics and metaphor theory. The thesis resulted in knowledge about how the visual metaphor is enhanced through the personification of depression and a strong relationship between the protagonist and the antagonist. The transformation of the devil figure is also of great importance for how the visual metaphor is interpreted. Furthermore, it became clear that the filmmakers use symbols and non-verbal communication to enhance the visual metaphor.

I denna uppsats genomför jag en närläsning av Lauren Weisbergers roman The Devil Wears Prada. Syftet är att undersöka kulturella paradigm och koder; hur de upprätthålls eller bryts genom betydelsebildande handlingar samt hur de manifesteras i huvudkaraktärens kläder. Min utgångspunkt är att det i moderna berättelser finns moraliserande och fostrande budskap till kvinnor där den kvinnliga identiteten genomgående kopplas samman med det yttre, såsom kropp och kläder. Dessa förhållanden analyseras och synliggörs med hjälp av semiologiska verktyg och performativitetsteorin. Jag finner att huvudkaraktärens utveckling på jobbet och dess konsekvenser i privatlivet följs av en yttre förvandling, där kläderna fungerar symboliskt för rådande paradigm och huvudkaraktärens position till det feminina. Huvudkaraktärens utveckling slutar i en ”gyllene medelväg” där hon representerar ”den gyllene medelkvinnan”. Romanen skildrar fostrande både inom paradigmens ramar och mot skapandet av det egna subjektet, och rymmer därför inläsning av flera olika budskap.

[ES] Los péptidos DEVIL/ROTUNDIFOLIA (DVL/RTFL) constituyen una familia de péptidos de pequeño tamaño codificados por la familia génica DVL/RTFL de 24 miembros en A. thaliana. Estos genes fueron caracterizados por los fenotipos que confiere su sobreexpresión, que provoca cambios pronunciados en la morfología de la planta con hojas de roseta más redondeadas, plantas de menor estatura, peciolos cortos e inflorescencias compactas. Estos fenotipos afectan de un modo fascinante a la morfología de los frutos, que varía según qué miembro de la familia se sobreexprese, demostrando tener un papel en el desarrollo de múltiples órganos de la planta. Se ha visto que los péptidos DVL/RTFL se localizan en la membrana plasmática y que comparten homología en sus secuencias, con un dominio conservado en el extremo C-terminal, estando además ampliamente conservados en el mundo vegetal. Tanto su localización como dominio funcional conservado resultan ser esenciales para su actividad. Sin embargo y, a pesar de los fenotipos sorprendentes causados por la sobreexpresión de diferentes genes DVL/RTFL, las líneas de pérdida de función no aportan información sobre la función biológica de la familia DVL/RTFL. En el laboratorio donde se ha realizado este trabajo, se ha avanzado en los últimos años en la caracterización de estos péptidos, su modo de interacción con la membrana celular y la determinación de sus patrones de expresión, así como en la identificación de mutantes de pérdida de función. Para continuar en estas direcciones, en este proyecto se generaron combinaciones de mutantes múltiples estables en diferentes genes DVL/RTFL combinando mutantes de inserción de T-DNA con mutantes generados por CRISPR/Cas9 (dvl3dvl5dvl6dvl1dvl4rtfl9dvl8dvl11rtfl11dvl19). A pesar de que la pérdida de función de múltiples genes DVL/RTFL no mostró fenotipos morfológicos evidentes, análisis transcriptómicos y proteómicos apoyaron la hipótesis de la elevada redundancia génica entre los miembros de esta familia y de que podrían tener un papel en la regulación de procesos como el crecimiento y desarrollo del tubo polínico o el crecimiento distal de la célula. Experimentos donde analizamos la germinación de polen, el crecimiento de tubo polínico o el desarrollo de pelos radiculares no mostraron que los péptidos DVL/RTFL afectaran de un modo significativo estos procesos , pero sí sugirieron que tienen un rol generalizado aportando estabilidad o robustez al proceso de morfogénesis vía elongación celular. Adicionalmente se llevaron a cabo estudios de topología de membrana que permitieron confirmar su localización en la membrana plasmática, de tal manera que estos péptidos no se integraban en la membrana, sino que estarían asociados a su interfase. La posibilidad de que la asociación se llevase a cabo a través de otras proteínas hizo que se comprobasen in planta interacciones de los péptidos DVL1 y DVL11 con proteínas candidatas identificadas en un escrutinio de doble híbrido de levadura y relacionadas con procesos de tráfico intra e intercelular, división y elongación celular. Su interacción confirmada con proteínas como SRC2, BSK6 o CDC48 llevó a estudiar la posible relación funcional con éstas y en especial con CDC48 por su implicación en procesos de división, expansión y diferenciación celular, sin obtener resultados concluyentes. Los escasos resultados obtenidos en Arabidopsis nos condujo a estudiar el papel del único homólogo DVL/RTFL en M. polymorpha. Tras generar y caracterizar líneas de pérdida de función y sobreexpresoras MpDVL, hemos podido confirmar la conservación funcional de los péptidos DVL/RTFL en especies de plantas tan alejadas evolutivamente, así como determinar que no se trata de péptidos esenciales para el desarrollo de la planta pero que sí parecen tener un papel en los procesos de morfogénesis vía elongación celular aportando robustez al sistema. Este trabajo pone de manifiesto que la necesidad de profundizar en el estudio de los péptidos DVL/RTFL. / [CA] Els pèptids DEVIL/ROTUNDIFOLIA (DVL/DVL) constitueixen una família de pèptids de xicoteta grandària codificats per la família gènica DVL/RTFL de 24 membres en A. thaliana. Aquests gens van ser caracteritzats pels fenotips que confereix la seua sobreexpressió, que provoca canvis pronunciats en la morfologia de la planta amb fulles de roseta més arredonides, plantes de menor alçada, pecíols curts i inflorescències compactes. A més, aquests fenotips afecten d'una manera fascinant a la morfologia dels fruits, que varia segons quin membre de la família es sobreexprese, demostrant tindre un paper en el desenvolupament de múltiples òrgans de la planta. També s'ha vist que els pèptids DVL/RTFL es localitzen en la membrana plasmàtica i que comparteixen homologia en les seues seqüències, amb un domini conservat en l'extrem C-terminal, estant a més àmpliament conservats en el món vegetal. Tant la seua localització com domini funcional conservat resulten ser essencials per a la seua activitat gènica adequada. No obstant això i, malgrat els fenotips sorprenents observats en la sobreexpressió de diferents gens DVL/RTFL, les línies de pèrdua de funció no aporten informació sobre la funció biològica de la família DVL/RTFL. En el laboratori on s'ha fet aquest treball, s'ha avançat en els últims anys en la caracterització d'aquests pèptids, la seua manera d'interacció amb la membrana cel·lular i la determinació dels seus patrons d'expressió, així com en la identificació de mutants de pèrdua de funció. Per a continuar en aquestes direccions, en aquest projecte es van generar combinacions de mutants múltiples estables en diferents gens DVL/RTFL combinant mutants d'inserció de T-DNA amb mutants generats per CRISPR/Cas9 (dvl3dvl5dvl6dvl1dvl4rtfl9dvl8dvl11rtfl11dvl19). A pesar que la pèrdua de funció de múltiples gens DVL/RTFL no va mostrar fenotips morfològics evidents, anàlisis transcriptòmics i proteòmics van donar suport a la hipòtesi de l'elevada redundància gènica entre els membres d'aquesta família i que a més tenen un paper en la regulació de processos com són la morfogènesi, el creixement i desenvolupament del tub pol·línic o el creixement distal de la cèl·lula. Experiments de germinació de pol·len, creixement de tub pol·línic o desenvolupament de pèls radiculars duts a terme van demostrar que els pèptids DVL/RTFL no tenien un paper significatiu en aquests processos, però sí que van suggerir que tenen un rol generalitzat aportant estabilitat o robustesa al procés de morfogènesi via elongació cel·lular. Addicionalment es van dur a terme estudis de topologia de membrana que van permetre confirmar la seua localització en la membrana plasmàtica, de tal manera que aquests pèptids no s'integraven en la membrana si no que estarien associats a la seua interfase. La possibilitat que aquesta associació es duguera a terme a través d'altres proteïnes va fer que es comprovaren in planta interaccions dels pèptids DVL1 i DVL11 amb proteïnes candidates extretes d'un escrutini de doble híbrid de llevat i relacionades amb processos de trànsit intra i intercel·lular, divisió i elongació cel·lular. La seua interacció confirmada amb proteïnes com SRC2, BSK6 o CDC48 va portar a estudiar la possible relació funcional amb aquests i especialment amb CDC48 per la seua implicació en processos de divisió, expansió i diferenciació cel·lular, sense obtindre resultats concloents. Els escassos resultats obtinguts en Arabidopsis ens va conduir a estudiar el paper de l'únic homòleg DVL/RTFL en M. polymorpha. Després de generar i caracteritzar línies de pèrdua de funció i de sobreexpressió MpDVL, hem pogut confirmar la conservació funcional dels pèptids DVL/RTFL en espècies de plantes tan allunyades evolutivament, així com determinar que no es tracta de pèptids essencials per al desenvolupament de la planta però que sí que semblen tindre un paper en els processos de morfogènesis via elongació cel·lular aportant robustesa al sistema. / [EN] DEVIL/ROTUNDIFOLIA (DVL/DVL) peptides constitute a family of small peptides encoded by the 24-member DEVIL/ROTUNDIFOLIA (DVL/RTFL) gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana. These genes were characterized by the phenotypes conferred by their overexpression, which causes pronounced changes in plant morphology with round rosette leaves, shorter plants, short petioles, and compact inflorescences. In addition, these phenotypes dramatically affect fruit morphology, which varies depending on which family member is overexpressed, proving to play a role in the development of multiple plant organs. It has also been shown that DVL/RTFL peptides are located in the plasma membrane, that they share sequence homology, mostly in a conserved C-terminal domain, and that they are also widely conserved among land plants. Both the localization at the membrane and conserved functional domain are essential for proper gene activity. However, despite the surprising overexpression phenotypes observed, the loss-of-function mutants do not provide information on the DVL/RTFL biological function. In the lab where this work has been carried out, progress has been made in the characterization of these peptides, determining how they interact with the plasma membrane, how they are expressed and accumulated, as well as identifying loss-of-function mutants. To continue in these directions, in this project we have generated combinations of multiple stable DVL/RTFL mutants by combining T-DNA insertion mutants with mutants generated by CRISPR/Cas9 (dvl3 dvl5 dvl6 dvl1 dvl4 rtfl9 dvl8 dvl11 rtfl11 dvl19). Even though the loss of function of multiple DVL/RTFL genes did not show evident morphological phenotypes, transcriptomic and proteomic analyzes supported the hypothesis of a high gene redundancy among the members of this family and suggested that they might have a role in the regulation of processes such as pollen tube growth and development or cell tip growth. However, pollen germination, pollen tube growth or root hair development experiments did not demostrate that DVL/RTFL peptides had a significant role in these processes, but they suggested that they may have a general role in providing stability or robustness to the morphogenesis process via cell elongation. Additionally, membrane topology studies were carried out to confirm their location in the plasma membrane, in such a way that these peptides were not integrated but would be associated with the membrane interface. The possibility that this association was carried out through other proteins led to the in planta verification of DVL1 and DVL11 peptide interactions with candidate proteins identified in a previous yeast two-hybrid screening and related to intracellular and intercellular trafficking processes cell division and elongation. The confirmed interaction with proteins such as SRC2, BSK6 or CDC48 led us to study the possible functional relationship with these, and especially with CDC48 due to its involvement in cell division, expansion, and differentiation processes, but unfortunately, we did not obtain conclusive results. The unconclussive results obtained in Arabidopsis led us to study the role of the unique DVL/RTFL homologue in Marchantia polymorpha. After generating and characterizing MpDVL loss-of-function and overexpression lines, we have been able to confirm the functional conservation of the DVL/RTFL peptides in so evolutionarily distant plant species, as well as to determine that they are not essential for plant development, but they seem to have a role in the morphogenesis processes via cell elongation, providing robustness to the system. This work highlights the need of furthering the study of DVL/RTFL peptides to discover the mechanism by which they participate in plant development processes and to determine their biological function in depth. / Esta Tesis Doctoral ha sido financiada por la Generalitat Valenciana con una Subvención para la Contratación de Personal Investigador Predoctoral (ACIF/2018/260), el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (proyectos BIO2015-64531-R y RTI2018-099239-B-I00), la Generalitat Valenciana (proyecto PROMETEU/2019/004) y el ExpoSeed H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015-691109 / Alarcia García, A. (2024). Los péptidos DEVIL: estudio de su papel en el control de la proliferación celular y la morfogénesis de las plantas [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/202903

What composes an Evangelical demonology? This dissertation aims to provide a fresh Evangelical demonology, reflecting and systematizing the biblical material on the demonic. To begin the process, Byang Kato’s background and demonology is examined, since Kato himself has a unique relationship to demonic practices by virtue of his upbringing. His demonological efforts are headlined by a booklet on the spirits, and throughout the rest of Kato’s theological output, Satan and his wicked comrades are frequently mentioned. Overall, Kato’s work presents timely contributions for our demonological goals, especially considering the multicultural context. In an increasingly intermingled world, with many backgrounds being represented in multicultural Christian communities, Kato’s demonology is a superior model. Human perceptions concerning the demonic are often inseparable from prevailing cultural attitudes, and the temptation to exalt one’s own culture must be avoided, especially due to the new norm of multicultural churches, para-church organizations, and seminaries. Kato’s demonology gravitates to the biblical material, and thus it delivers both challenges and affirmations to every party. Furthermore, Kato’s writings on the demonic are inherently linked to soteriology. After discerning some of the major themes of Kato’s soteriology, his exclusivism (and how it relates to demonology) is specifically discussed. Since Kato views the world outside of Christ as the dominion of Satan and the demonic, he advocates that one must turn to Christ for redemption. Then an Evangelical demonology itself is constructed. After highlighting particular contributions from Kato, criteria are outlined for the project before launching into the primary content. Demonic activity throughout the Bible is surveyed, and the argument is offered that demons do act as malevolent personal beings intent on instigating evil in the created order. Through this study of the demonic, the assertion that “demonology matters” is presented, as the doctrine of the demonic relates to the reliability of the Bible and the quality of our salvation. A biblical, Evangelical demonology also rises to modern challenges, including skepticism and speculation. Christians are planted on the sure ground of the Scriptures, prepared for the spiritual realities of the world in which we live. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / D. Th. (Systematic Theology)