This thesis examines how the Swedish newspapers Aftonbladet and Expressen portrays heroes in the aftermath of the sinking of the M/S Estonia in September of 1994. Our research questions are 1) How is heroism portrayed in the news reports about the Estonia disaster in the newspapers Expressen and Aftonbladet? 2) Are there similarities and distinctions between female and male heroes?   We have approached our material from a qualitative perspective analyzing 12 articles using critical discourse analysis.   Upon completion of our research we found that both men and women can be heroes, but regardless of gender heroes are all portrayed with traditionally male attributes, such as being aggressive, rational and courageous. To find and understand the hero in news context, the victim plays a periphery but important role. Our result also shows that the victim is needed in order for the hero to perform his or her actions. The victim can be both male or female, but are all described with female attributes as being weak, dependent and fragile.   The results of our study may be of use to understand how the journalistic practice actively uses stories about heroes to 1. personify a disaster, 2. summarize a fragmented chain of events and 3. project a distinction between the contemporary aspect of male and female.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive and morphogenesis in pastures sudan grass or millet, on the behavioral aspects and performance of cull cows. Were used 22 cull cows from the cross between Charolais and Nellore, age and average initial live weight of 8 years and 448 kg, kept under continuous grazing pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke) or sudan grass (Sorghum bicolor cv. sudanense). The experimental period was 63 days, divided into 3 periods (21 days each). The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments and five repetitions (area) for the variables related to the productive pastures; ten replicates (animals) to behavioral parameters, and three replications (area) for the morphogenesis of grasses. There were no differences (P<0.05) for the productive and behavioral function in animal treatments. Pastures millet showed higher (P<0.10) canopy height (32.69cm vs 20.29 cm), number of leaves per tiller (4.74 vs 3.06), number of green leaves (4.26 vs 2.55), number of adult leaves (2.34 vs 1.08), number of young leaves (1.92 vs 1.47) and leaf appearance rate (0.147 vs 0.080), compared to pastures sudan grass. The rates of dry matter, crude protein and supply of leaf blade, were higher in the first 21 days of use of pastures (130.77 kg/ha of dry matter (DM), 170.4 g / kg DM and 3.63%; respectively). The stocking was similar in the first two periods (2329.2 and 1843.5 kg / ha PV), and over the last experimental period (1261.5 kg / ha of PV). Average daily gain and gain body condition score were similar across periods (mean of 1.00 kg/day and 0.23 points, respectively). The time devoted to grazing (613 minutes), number of steps per minute (8.8) and number of feeding stations per minute (10.9) were higher in the first experimental period, while the rate of bites per minute (47.41) was higher in the third trial. Sudan grass pastures are similar regarding the parameters of productive grazing millet with similar reflections on the performance and behavior of animals. However, the present potential of millet pastures above the vegetative sudan grass. With the advance of the growing season pastures for significant changes in the structures of pastures, which reflect the performance and behavior of animals. / O objetivo desse trabalho foi de avaliar os parâmetros produtivos e morfogênicos de pastagens de milheto ou capim sudão, sobre os aspectos comportamentais e de desempenho de vacas de descarte. Foram utilizadas 22 vacas de descarte oriundas do cruzamento entre as raças Charolês e Nelore, de idade e peso vivo médios iniciais de 8 anos e 448 kg, mantidas sob pastejo contínuo em pastagem de milheto (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke) ou capim sudão (Sorghum bicolor cv. sudanense). O período experimental foi de 63 dias, divididos em 3 períodos (21 dias cada). O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos e cinco repetições (área) para as variáveis relacionadas aos parâmetros produtivos das pastagens; dez repetições (animais) aos parâmetros comportamentais e três repetições (área) para as características morfogênicas das gramíneas. Não houve diferenças (P<0,05) para os parâmetros produtivos e comportamentais dos animais em função dos tratamentos. Os perfilhos de milheto demonstraram maiores (P<0,10) altura de dossel (32,69 cm vs 20,29 cm), número de folhas por perfilho (4,74 vs 3,06), número de folhas vivas (4,26 vs 2,55), número de folhas adultas (2,34 vs 1,08), número de folhas jovens (1,92 vs 1,47) e taxa de aparecimento foliar (0,147 vs 0,080), em relação as pastagens de capim sudão. As taxas de acúmulo de matéria seca (130,77 kg de matéria seca (MS)/ha), proteína bruta (170,4 g/kg de MS) e oferta de lâminas foliares (3,63%), foram maiores nos primeiros 21 dias de utilização das pastagens. A carga animal foi semelhante nos dois primeiros períodos experimentais (2329,2 e 1843,5 kg/ha de PV), sendo essas superiores a do último período de utilização das pastagens (1261,5 kg/ha de PV). O ganho médio diário de peso vivo não alterou com o avançar do ciclo vegetativo das pastagens (média de 1,00 kg/dia). O tempo destinado ao pastejo (613 minutos), número de passos por minuto (8,8) e número de estações alimentares por minuto (10,9), foram maiores no primeiro período experimental; enquanto a taxa de bocados por minuto (47,41) foi maior no terceiro período experimental. Pastagens de capim sudão são semelhantes quanto aos parâmetros produtivos em relação a pastagens de milheto condicionando igualdade no desempenho e comportamento dos animais. Entretanto, as pastagens de milheto apresentam potenciais forrageiro superiores ao capim sudão. Com o avançar o ciclo vegetativo das gramíneas há mudanças expressivas nas estruturas das pastagens, as quais refletem no desempenho e comportamento dos animais.

Syftet med vår studie var att ur ett genusperspektiv undersöka ungdomars konstruktioner och föreställningar kring gärningspersoner och offer vid sexualbrott. Vi gjorde tre fokusgruppsintervjuer med totalt 18 ungdomar i gymnasieåldern. Ungdomarna benämnde genomgående gärningspersoner som män och hade generellt svårt att se kvinnor som gärningspersoner vid sexualbrott. Manliga gärningspersoner konstruerades främst som alfahannar som begår sexualbrott för att få utlopp för sin sexualitet medan kvinnliga gärningspersoner främst konstruerades som sjuka, konstiga och utan självrespekt. Ungdomarna hade lättare att se kvinnor som offer vid sexualbrott, samtidigt framhölls flertalet omständigheter som påverkar kvinnors offerstatus negativt. Att som kvinna utsättas för sexualbrott ansågs resultera i psykiska men och en kränkt sexualitet. Män beskrevs alltid vara okej och tycktes inte påverkas av utsatthet för sexuella övergrepp. Ungdomarna menade att kvinnor som berättar om övergrepp riskerar att betraktas som slampor och förstörda medan män som berättar om övergrepp riskerar att betraktas som homosexuella och omanliga. / Deep down, maybe she wanted it An essay based on qualitative focus group interviews with adolescents in a Swedish high school, regarding their thoughts on and constructions of perpetrators and victims of sexual offenses. The aim of our study was to examine adolescents perceptions and constructions of perpetrators and victims of sexual offenses from a gender perspective. We conducted three focus group interviews with a total of 18 adolescents between the age of 16 and 19. The adolescents consistently referred to perpetrators as men and generally had difficulties seeing women as perpetrators of sexual offenses. Male offenders were primarily depicted as alpha males who commit sexual offenses in order to get a sexual release, while female offenders were primarily depicted as sick, strange and without self-respect. The adolescents more easily perceived women as victims of sexual offenses, still, some circumstances seemed to affect the possibility for a woman to be viewed as an ideal victim, in a negative way. Being a woman subjected to a sexual offense was thought to result in mental issues and breached sexuality, while men were thought not to be as affected by sexual abuse. The adolescents believed that women who reported abuse risked being looked at as sluts and as tainted while men who reported abuse where at risk of being considered as unmanly and as homosexuals.

我國公開收購之審議委員會制度，已實施約5年，規定審議委員會應審議收購案，並建議股東是否應賣。迄今（民國106年6月5日）應設置審議委員會之案件共計55起，其中有36起揭露股份轉讓合約，合約記載與該次收購相關之合約條款，為審議委員會於審議過程可得之資訊。合約約定之內容，將影響簽約雙方承擔之風險，過去亦有案例，顯示合約內容之重要性。透過分析36份股份轉讓合約及5起發生於國內之個案，本研究試圖瞭解合約之違約賠償條款如何影響審議委員會做成建議，以及標的公司之審議委員會及股東於收購案應注意之風險。本研究之結論有二：第一，當股份轉讓合約之違約賠償條款，能夠對風險做出因應時，審議委員會應表示正面意見。第二，標的公司之審議委員會及股東應注意之風險事項，計10項： 1. 公開收購說明書是否有揭露股份轉讓合約。 2. 股份轉讓合約是否有約定違約賠償條款。 3. 違約賠償條款之約定，是否能因應風險。 4. 標的公司之股權結構，是否過於分散或集中。 5. 公開收購人之真實身分，以及其是否與具爭議性人物有關係。 6. 公開收購人與標的公司經營理念之差異。 7. 若收購案牽涉其他主管機關核准，應考量主管機關核准時程。 8. 外界對於收購案之傳聞。 9. 公開收購案之性質，係水平、垂直或多角化經營；是否為跨國案件。 10. 公司過去營運事項及管理階層所作決策或提案，是否有不合理情事。 / The new system of review committee of every public company shall under takes the responsibility to recommend to shareholders about whether to sell their shares in a tender offer has been implemented in Taiwan for five years. The review committee is comprise of all independent directors, they should investigate and review the tender offer before they make their suggestions: positive, negative, or netural. Up to now (June 5, 2017), 55 tender offer cases involve the suggestion from review committee. Among these 55 cases, 36 cases have disclosured share transfer contracts, the terms of the contract were available for the review committee and this research. The terms of the contract affect heavily the risks taken and return awarded by both parties, merit a thorough research but seldom done by previous research.The purpose of this thesis is to find out how the terms of contract affect the review committee’s recommendations. The term studied is damage for breach, this term is selected because its importance, it impact seriously the risks of the acquired company and its shareholders’ wealth.This study starts from analyzing 36 share transfer contracts and 5 tender offer cases in Taiwan, two observations obtain. First, the review committee should express positive recommedation when the terms of damage for breach of contract could response the risk. Second, the 10 risks the acquired company’s review committee and shareholders should pay attention are: 1. Whether the tender offer prospectus disclose the share transfer contract. 2. Whether the share transfer contracts have the terms of damage for breach of contract. 3. Whether the terms of damage for breach of contract could response the risks. 4. Whether the acquired company’s ownership structure is too fragmented or concentrated. 5. Whether the tender offeror is related to a controversial person and its real identity. 6. The different business philosophy between the tender offeror and the acquired company. 7. If the tender offer involves the approval of relevant competent authorities, the processing time of the approval should be concerned. 8. The rumors of the tender offer. 9. The nature of the tender offer is horizontal, vertical or diversified; whether it is a transnational case. 10. Whether both company's past operations and management decisions are unreasonable.

全球併購浪潮下，敵意併購向來是併購議題中備受矚目的焦點，許多國家均針對敵意併購設有明確的法規範，而我國自2002年通過企業併購法以來，已歷經十五年，在敵意併購相關法制的建構上卻顯有不足，導致實務上面臨許多問題。蓋我國近年來引發高度關注的敵意併購案件，幾乎皆以失敗收場，且雙方攻擊防禦的過程中往往演變為經營權惡鬥，不僅兩敗俱傷，亦使公司及股東利益蒙受損失。 有鑑於前述情況，本文擬從實證觀點探討我國企業環境與文化脈絡對於敵意併購之影響，並透過國內曾發生過的案例、主管機關的態度與法院見解，對我國現行法制進行反思。另外，本文亦藉由美國、英國、德國、歐盟和日本之比較法研究，從目標公司採行防禦措施之相關規範、對於股東之資訊揭露以及少數股東權益保障等面向，討論出可能且適合用於我國之規範方向，以作為建構我國敵意併購法制之參考。 / In the wave of global mergers and acquisitions, hostile takeover has long been a focal point on the issues relating to mergers and acquisitions. Many countries have already built up more transparent regulatory regimes specifically for hostile takeover activities. However, since Taiwan promulgated the Business Mergers and Acquisitions Act in 2002, the relevant laws and regulations were not sufficient to govern hostile takeover activities during the past fifteen years and a number of issues arose in practice. In recent years, the well-known hostile takeover cases in Taiwan all ended up in failure. The actions taken by the party initiating hostile takeover and the target company often led to corporate control contests, making both parties and the shareholders suffer losses. This thesis examines the influences of Taiwanese culture and corporate environment on hostile takeover. It also marks the deficiencies of the current regulatory regime in Taiwan by reviewing the hostile takeover cases, the opinions of the competent authority and the judicial judgements. In addition, this thesis introduces the legislations of the United States, England, Germany, European Union, and Japan on anti-takeover tactics, information disclosure as well as the protection of minority shareholders’ rights and interests. The thesis then analyzes whether these legal systems are suitable as a reference for Taiwan to establish relevant laws and regulations in the future.

The thesis deals with air cargo transport and its use by a chosen company. The theoretical part gives detailed information on air cargo transport and its providers. The practical part focuses on the use of air cargo transport by a specific company. It describes a system for orders processing and dispatching. The system is demonstrated on an example of a consignment transported by air to Bolivia. The possible improvements of the system are suggested. The practical part also analyses the transport of all consignments within the specific period. The data are used for introducing the company to several transport companies aiming to enter cooperation. The offers received from the transport companies are compared and evaluated.

The subject of this thesis focuses on Public Procurement, precisely on the structure of legal regulations. This thesis broaches certain issues of the law, imperfections in the law and how the law is interpreted in practice. The aim is to understand the deeper issues of these legal regulations. The backbone of this legal regulation is the law 137/2006 Coll. on public procurement. This law is one of the preventive legal standards; among other purposes it prevents wastage of public funds. However, ensuring flawless application of The Act is not as easy a task as it would seem at first sight and the second part of this thesis is therefore devoted to identifying the most common errors in application of this law. Decisions of the Office for Protection of Competition, consultations with experts, and case studies were used for identification of these errors and common types of misconduct are also presented. The conclusion will deal with the amendment to the Public Procurement Act.

The purpose of this study is to examine the media coverage of a police shooting in Bagarmossen, Stockholm. According to the news the police claimed it was an act of self-defense as a man fired a gun at them which is why the man was shot to death, but a month later stated that the man had not even been armed. The following study seeks to analyze the differences and similarities between articles published before and after the modified information. It also examines social actors present and how the media portrays them. We applied discourse analysis on sixteen news articles to answer our research questions. The prominent differences we found were in the portrayals of the incident and the most protrusive social actors in­volved. Before the police changed their state­ment, the man shot dead was portrayed as a criminal with deviant behavior. After the changed statement, the media portrayed him as a family man with strong ties to his hometown. The police were another social actor in our study, portrayed before the changed statements as efficient with a strong work ethic. After, the police were por­trayed as dishonest and lacking severely in their communica­tion as a legitimate authori­ty. One of the similarities found before and after the changed statement was the pres­ence of the local community as a social actor and its significance for the news media's portrayal of the incident.

The aim of this study was to examine how two different newspapers covered the disappearance and murder of Wilma Andersson. The research questions were: How are the victim and perpetrator portrayed? What differences and similarities can we see in national news media versus local news media, and how did the image of the victim and perpetrator change over the course of the coverage?   The method used was critical discourse analyses of 14 articles in the local newspaper Bohusläningen and the national tabloid Aftonbladet. By analysing the assigned characteristics from each source, it was determined that the victim, Wilma Andersson, was portrayed to the reader as a young and innocent girl. She was described as caring, responsible and ambitious. She was depicted as a girl with a bright future and love of life. The local newspaper labeled her as a part of the community, while the national tabloid focused on describing her character through family members. The perpetrator, Tishko Ahmed, was portrayed as a cold and sinister man who was indifferent to Wilma Andersson’s disappearance and death. However, early on in the national tabloid’s coverage he was also described as an everyday man. The local newspaper was more prone to cover the story in a neutral manner, while the national tabloid dramatized the event to a greater extent. Our study shows that the geographical distance between the newspaper and the place of the crime scene is the main factor in the differences between the portrayals of the people involved. The closer the newspaper is to the crime scene, the closer they are to people who knew the victim and perpetrator. This results in the newspaper being more cautious in how they cover the story.

The thesis statement is focused on construction order planning and management from investor point of view. The theoretical part consists of particular project phases including financing and public orders problematics. The theoretical knowledge is applied on specific public order. The town Nové Město na Moravě was asked for cooperation as an investor and the town provided the project Community retirement home for this thesis purposes. Whole practical part is focused on this public order preparation and management. All documentation related to this topic is contained in the thesis and the investor can use this documentation as a background for further projects. Last part of the practical part concerns the order funding, the financial plan is attached.