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Showing 11 to 19 of 19 (0.009 seconds)| 11 |
國際財務報導準則第四號對國內產險公司精算之影響 / The effect of IFRS 4 on domestic insurance company of actuarial林金淵, Lin, Chin Yuan Unknown Date (has links)
IFRS 的準則，對於未來想國際化的國內保險公司及面對國際投資人，是使用相同一套會計準則，不需再調整財報，有助提升國際競爭力及國際形象，若海外發行有價證券也不需再重編財報，可節省籌資成本。依目前國際發展情勢，IFRS 4 已廣泛為全球保險市場之採用準則，直接採用(adoption)IFRS 4 亦成為國際保險市場之趨勢，我國亦於2011 年1 月1 日公佈IFRS 4 第一階段生效，期與世界接軌，IFRS 4 未來對我國保險業將會有更重大之影響。為未雨綢繆，遂引起本文對此議題研究之動機。壽險業為長年期保險合約，須採用要素衡量法評估。為符合IFRS 4 第二階段規定之要素衡量法及保費分配法之評估，採個案產險公司為研究對象，祈予在IFRS 4 第二階段實施前，台灣產險業能提早做準備，並以充足時間瞭解並完善規劃準備執行配合，以符合未來主管機關之相關規定。
本論文以個案公司為例，評估國際財務報導準則第四號對保險公司精算規範與目前保險局規範保險公司相關精算試算之差異，特選用一般自用汽車財產損失險及傷害險採用保費分配法，工程險採用要素衡量法試算，並分析差異之內容，以了解個案公司未來因IFRS4 實施對該公司財務之影響。
以目前資料推估實施當年採用保費分配法會對盈餘報導較為有利，採用要素衡量法當年度會有對盈餘報導不利的衝擊，整體而言，對個案公司未來營運應無重大影響。 / The principles of IFRS ,which is using the same set of accounting standards, is conducive to enhance the international competitiveness and image for domestic insurance companies who scheme to internationalization and contact with international investors. In addition, companies can also saving the cost of issuance of foreign securities since they do not need to restate the financial statements.
Taiwan also announced the IFRS 4 phase I be effective in January 1, 2011, hoping to connect with the world. In the future, IFRS 4 will have a more significant influence on Taiwan's Insurance Industry. In order to thinking ahead, which bring in my motivation to researching on this topic.
Life insurance industry is major in long term insurance contracts, has to use the Building Block Approach. To comply the IFRS 4 Phase II which using the Building Block Approach and Premium Allocation Approach, I adopt the case of property Insurance as the research objectives. In order to fit with the relevant provisions of the competent authority in the future, Expecting Taiwan’s property Insurance can prepare in advance, well understanding and scheduling, before the implement of IFRS 4 phase II.
In this paper, which use the property insurance case, evaluation the actuarial valuation difference of IFRS 4 and relevant norms of Insurance Bureau. I use Premium Allocation Approach to value the usually own car property damage insurance and casualty Insurance, and use Building Block Approach to evaluate Engineering Insurance. Through analysis of the content, to understanding the influence of IFRS 4 for the study company in the future.
Based on the current data, adopting Building Block Approach is beneficial for the study company. Comparatively, Premium Allocation Approach is disadvantage for the study company. In conclusion, the implement of IFRS 4 should have no significant influence to the study company in the future.
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銀行保險行銷通路對於汽車保險經營績效之研究- 個案公司實證分析 / BANKING AND INSURANCE MARKETINGCHANNELS FOR MOTOR INSURANCE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE STUDY郭榮棠 Unknown Date (has links)
我國財產保險業之簽單總保費收入為新台幣1,141.05億元，其中汽車保險之簽單保險費收入為新台幣573.34億元，佔我國財產保險業簽單總保費收入的50.25%，故汽車保險之簽單保險費收入於九十五年仍居財產保險市場各險種之冠。同時汽車保險業務量占全體產險業務量的比重，近十年來一直維持在45%～55%之間，由於汽車險業務量之消長與品質關係著保險公司經營的績效。而業務消長與品質良窳又跟行銷通路緊密相關。現今如能掌握住通路即能掌握業務，然而如何選擇良好通路及經營，對保險公司而言，是非常大的考驗與挑戰。
金融控股公司法於2001年六月二十七日經立法院三讀通過後，並於同年十一月一日起正式實施，自此台灣金融相關產業正式邁入戰國時代，大型金融控股公司紛紛成立。各金控業者藉由本身銀行、證券、產險及壽險等子公司在資源整合下，冀能發揮綜效，以達到較佳的經營糢式。
台灣汽車保險保費成長在經歷2005年達到近十年來的高峰後，2006年受到銀行雙卡壞帳緊縮消費金融的影響下，汽車經銷商新車銷售呈現大幅衰退，直接衝擊到汽車保險保費的收入與成長，因而導致2006年汽車保險保費首次呈現衰退。若高度依賴車商保代的業者，將受到同樣衰退命運，然而若業者能提前佈局多元化行銷通路，其受到衰退的影響就相對輕微，甚至部份業者的業績仍然能夠逆勢成長。有鑑於此，產險業者如何透過加入金控或開拓與壽險、銀行等合作，藉以提升業務成長，益顯重要。
本研究係以個案公司加入金控後銀行通路經營績效加以分析，確實發現產險公司若能充份發揮自身優勢與定位，爭取加入金控，藉由金控所屬子公司廣大的銷售人力及通路據點，對汽車險業務的經營績效有很大的綜效。 / Motor insurance business has played an important role in the Taiwan non-life insurance industry. The total written premium income for Motor insurance in 2006 amounted to NT$57.334 billion, which accounts for 50.25% of the overall premium income of non-life insurance industry in Taiwan. In the meantime, the business portfolio of Motor insurance to that of non-life insurance has been maintained at 45% - 55% over the past ten years. The quality of Motor business is significantly related to the business performance and is also closely linked to the marketing channels of the non-life insurance companies. As such, the selection of appropriate marketing channels, which is certainly a great challenge, will have predominant influence to the business performance of a non-life insurance company in Taiwan.
Since the Financial Holding Company Law went into effect officially in November 2001, there are quite a number of mega financial holding companies were established afterwards. The aim of financial holding company is to integrate their respective resource among their banking sector, securities sector, non-life insurance sector, and life insurance sector, so as to achieve the synergy and to build up better business operation model as well.
The premium growth for the motor insurance in 2005 has achieved the highest record nearly a decade. In 2006, the new car sales were serious impacted by the dual cards crisis (credit cards and cash cards). This certainly led to the motor premium income was first time ever reduced in the past five years. Non-life insurance companies will suffer the same of the recession as mentioned for their motor business if they highly rely on the marketing channel through the car dealers. However, the impact on the motor business could be mitigated for non-life insurance companies if they are able to explore new multi-marketing channels along with good results. The premium growth can be also anticipated for those non-life companies if they can make good use of these channels. In view of this, it will be very important for non-life insurance companies to achieve better performance by way of joining financial holding company as a subsidiary and establishing a strategic alliance with life insurance companies or banks from now on.
This research is focusing on the case studies of the banking and financial holding maketing channels, for the Motor insurance business performance of the non-life insurance company. With the findings of this case study after detailed analysis, we come to conclusion that after joining the holding company, non-life insurance company can improve the business performance of synergy to a great extent for their motor insurance business by way of making full use of the sales force as well as point of sales among the subsidiaries of holding companies.
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可加性模型保險之應用：壽險保費收入與總體經濟指標美、日、中、英、德之模型比較 / An Application of Insurance in Additive Model：United States's, Japan's,Taiwan's,England's and germnany's Life Insurance Model between Premiums and Macro-variables comparison.許光宏, Ellit G. Sheu Unknown Date (has links)
在線性模型中以計算容易，解釋方便為著稱，但是比須加入許多嚴格限制
，而對於事後之模型檢測亦要花費番功夫。，而可加性模型只要函數給定
，backfitting 演算法收歛即可。可加性模型除了保留線性模型的加法性
及解釋能力外，尚且提高了估計準度。在美、日、中、英、德五個國家的
保險市場中，雖然判定係數的提升亦大有斬獲 (0.85->0.9957)，然而在
台灣我們根據實證 一、提升統計應用水準，大幅提高模型變數的解釋能
力，模型內MSE(Me Square Error)大幅降低。(見表5-1、表5-2、表5-3、
表5-4、表5-5、表5-6、二、維持了線性模型方便的解釋能力。三、提升
估計水準，用以比較二種模型之優劣時，採1991年保費收入之實際值與估
計值之比較(見表 5-3，表 5-6，表 5-9，表 5-12，表 5- 15)，可發現
線性模型誤差率與可加性模型誤差率的比值美國為2倍、日本為12倍、臺
灣為4.55倍、英國為2.95倍、德國為2.95倍。四、函數以圖形方式表示顯
而易見。可加性模型所做的保費收入估計模型 / An Application of Insurance in Additive Model：United States's,
Japan's,Taiwan's,England's and germnany's Life Insurance Model
between Premiums and Macro-variables comparison.
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論費率自由化下之車險通路行銷(以個案公司為例) / The marketing channels of motor insurance under the Taiwan's non-life rate deregulation plan(with case study)陳銘德, Chen, Min Te Unknown Date (has links)
我國自91年4月1日推動「產險市場費率自由化時程計畫」且分三階段實施，
在第一階段允許產險公司「附加費用」自由化，產險公司若簡化行政流程、降低人事成本，就能調降附加費用率。第二階段費率自由化，產險公司除了「附加費用」自由化外，更允許「危險保費」有限度的偏離；也就是說「危險保費」是有條件自由化。自98年4月1日起正式實施第三階段，也就是意味著各產險公司均應在第一階段及第二階段之緩衝時期做好萬全之調適與配套措施，產險業進入全面競爭之時代。
費率自由化第三階段正式的實施，其相關的監理配套措施及內容，遷動著未來汽車保險市場之發展，而汽車保險業務一直都是產險市場的最大宗業務。但在核保、理賠及行銷等方面處處受到車商保代通路的限制、影響，若能進一步在車險通路行銷制度問題上加以改善，對我國未來汽車保險市場將有很大的發展空間。
本篇論文主要目的係探討我國費率自由化相關議題。透過98年4月1日費率自由化第三階段的正式實施，我國產險市場邁入全面自由化階段，除了對費率自由化第三階段的相關監理配套措施內容作深入瞭解外，並針對費率自由化第一、二階段實施過程中所產生的諸多相關議題作深入研究，且借鏡鄰國日本產險費率自由化之經驗作為參考，並搭配我國汽車保險市場的實際現況，提出費率自由化第三階段實施對未來汽車保險市場的預期影響，並藉由個案公司的研究分析，提出個案公司未來車險通路最適行銷策略，以期盼產險業在面臨全面費率自由化之際，提出個人的幾點因應淺見，能提供給產險業者作為參考，並亟盼未來我國汽車保險市場運作能更佳健全蓬勃發展。 / Taiwan’s Non-life Rate Deregulation Plan has put into practice since April 1, 2002 with three phases. The first phase is to liberalize the restrictions of the loading expense. The non-life insurers can flexibly reduce the loading expenses by way of a more simplified administration process and lower personnel costs. The second phase further allows for a limited deviation rate applicable for the risk premium, namely, a conditioned deregulation for the risk premium. The third and last phase begun from Apr. 1, 2009 is to entirely liberalize all relevant expenses and premium rates. It also means that all non-life insurers should have worked out a set of comprehensive measures in preparation for a completely competitive market.
The future development of motor insurance, which ranks largest among all lines of business, is subject to the corresponding supervisory measures to be taken at the third stage. However, the agents of motor companies regularly dominate the non-life insurers’ operations in the aspects of underwriting, claim and market strategy. Hence, if the existing problems related to the marketing channels encountered by the non-life insurers can be resolved, a more prosper development for motor insurance market is anticipated.
The thesis mainly studies the relevant topics in relation to the rate deregulation in Taiwan. In line with the rate deregulation implemented in the third stage, the thesis not only has an in-depth study of the corresponding supervisory measures, but also discusses many related subject matters arising from the implementation process between the first and second phases. Meanwhile, the expected effects resulting from the third phase has been submitted based on Japanese same experiences in the past and domestic motor insurance market. Furthermore, by means of a specific case study, the thesis also proposes some optimal marketing strategies, which might be helpful to insurers as well as to develop a sound and stable motor insurance market in the future.
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死亡壓縮與長壽風險之研究 / A Study of Mortality Compression and Longevity Risk謝佩文, Hsieh, Pei Wen Unknown Date (has links)
醫療技術的進步以及生活品質的提升，預計人類平均壽命將持續延長，以臺灣為例，男、女性平均壽命將從2011年的75.98歲、82.65歲，增加到2060年的82.0歲、88.0歲（資料來源：行政院經濟建設委員會2012年推估）。壽命延長意謂更長的退休生活，世界各國在21世紀均面對需求日殷的老年生活照顧，包括退休金制度以及老人醫療等，這些社會福利及保險勢必增加國家財務負擔，因此壽命是否繼續延長或存有極限成為大家關心的議題。近年來，不少研究透過死亡壓縮(Mortality Compression)連結壽命議題，亦即探討死亡年齡是否將集中至更窄的範圍，但因為資料及研究方法的限制，死亡壓縮是否成立仍無定論。
本研究以統計方法、分配假設、資料品質，三個面向來探討死亡壓縮與延壽之間的關係。本研究提出三種數值優化方法：加權最小平方法(Weighted Least Squares；WLS)、非線性極值法(Nonlinear-Maximization；NM)及最大概似估計法(Maximal Likelihood Estimation；MLE)，透過電腦模擬衡量方法優劣，與過去常見的方法比較（Kannisto的SD(M+)），探討何者具有較小的均方誤差(Mean Squared Error；MSE)。其次若死亡年齡之真實死亡分配為t分配時，探討以常態假設代入計算所產生的偏誤；最後則是套入各國實際死亡資料，使用上述較佳的估計方法，檢視死亡壓縮是否存在。
研究結果顯示，NM具有不偏性質且具有較小的均方誤差，過去研究常用的SD(M+)反而有明顯偏誤，且隨著觀察值越多變異數反而增加。而若真實死亡分配若為t分配時，以原先利用常態假設所計算的年金險保費皆有低估的情形，分配的重要性可見一斑，進而探討在實務上常態分配之假設，發現與仍與實際情形有明顯之差異，不論是NM及SD(M+)在死亡壓縮的探討下，皆受到資料的限制而有待商榷。 / Due to the advance in medical technology and the change of life style, the human life expectancy has been increasing since the end of the Second World War II and it is expected to continue the pace of increment. Longer life expectancy also means a longer life after retirement. People living in the 21st century are faced with growing demand for the retirement life, such as the pension funds and medical needs to the individuals, as well as the social welfare and insurance for the elderly to the government. Thus, the issue whether the lifespan has a limit receives a lot of attention. In particular, many studies focus on the topic of mortality compression, which means that the expectancy of lifespan has a limit and variance of lifespan converge. However, due to the availability of elderly data, there is still no consensus if the mortality compression is true.
In this study, we propose estimation methods to estimate modal age and variance of the age-at-death. Three types of methods are involved: weighted least squares (WLS) method, nonlinear maximization (NM) method, and maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method, and they are compared to the method proposed by Kannisto, namely SD(M+), in 2000. We found that the NM method has a smaller MSE, and we cannot decide the mortality compression is true based on the data from Human Mortality Database. We also applied the normality and t distribution assumption to the age-at-death and compute the pure premiums for annuity products. We found that normality distribution would produce larger premiums than using the empirical mortality rates. Similarity, the bankruptcy probability would be higher if the t distribution is used.
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肺癌之研究及保單設計 / Study and price insurance for the lung cancer葉步釩, Ye, Bu Fan Unknown Date (has links)
本次研究使用全民健康保險研究資料庫2005承保抽樣歸人檔(LHID2005)，共40萬人的承保資料，針對肺癌患者的特徵進行分析，並與美國國家癌症研究所的肺癌資料作比較，罹患肺癌的人數都呈現男性多於女性，罹癌年齡的最高峰同樣落在65歲至74歲。
接著，將門診處方及治療明細檔和住院醫療費用清單明細檔進行彙整，整理出肺癌患者在2005年至2012年之間的門診費用以及住院費用，並比較不同項目的差距及特徵，門診費用以用藥明細點數最高，住院花費前五名的項目為葯費、病房費、放射線診療費、檢查費以及治療處置費。
最後，建構肺癌治療的多重型態模型，治療方式包含手術治療、放射線治療、化學治療，估計不同狀態之間的轉換力，進而算出五年定期躉繳肺癌保單之純保費。 / This study used Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005 (LHID2005) from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Screening the 400,000 insured of NHIRD to select the lung and bronchus cancer patients. This study analyzed and described their characteristics. Furthermore, it compared Taiwan’s lung and bronchus cancer data with the data in the United States derived from National Cancer Institute of the USA. The results revealed that the number of male patients is more than female patients and lung cancer is most frequently diagnosed among people aged 65-74 in both countries.
Another aim was to sum up the lung cancer medical cost in 2005 to 2012 from NHIRD database, including ambulatory care expenditures by visits and inpatient expenditures by admissions. The highest cost of outpatients was medicine fee. The top five inpatient expenditures were medicine fee, ward fee, radiation therapy fee, inspection fee and therapeutic treatment fee.
Finally, this study constructed a multiple state model of lung cancer treatment, including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy. Estimating the transition intensities from multiple state model to calculate the pure premium of a five-year lung cancer policy.
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台灣全民健保被保險人保費負擔與其醫療費用支出之公平性研究 / Equity between the Insurees' premium Burden and Their Medical Care Expenditures in Taiwan's National Health Insurance Scheme黃子溦, Huang, Tzu-Wei Unknown Date (has links)
通常在談論健康照護的公平性時，主要分成垂直公平與水平公平兩種。在健康照護財務面的垂直公平意指有較高所得或經濟能力者，應支付較高的保費；水平公平意指，有相同所得或經濟能力者，應支付相同的保費。在健康照護提供面的垂直公平意為有不同需要者，應有不同的治療；水平公意為有相同需要者，應有相同的治療。然而由於提供面的垂直公平較難界定其程度，故多數學者在提供面僅談水平面，而本研究亦採相同的論點來分析被保險人在保費負擔與其醫療費用支出之公平性問題。
本研究資料係採用鄭文輝教授等在1996、1997年研究之原始資料，包括85年度的健保承保檔、醫療利用紀錄檔及財稅資料中心之綜合所得稅檔。利用逐步迴歸或probit二分法迴歸方式進行保險對象自付保費負擔與其醫療費用支出之間的公平性探討。
本研究實證結果簡述如下：
一、在被保險人自付保費負擔公平性方面，存在違反垂直公平或水平公平的情況，可能之原因如下：
1.投保金額分級表的上下限差距過小，使所得愈高，其保費增加的比例形成累退。
2.在投保金額分級表中每一等級仍有上下限之規定。
3.三類投保金額過低，與其所得分配差異過大。
4.眷口數計費採論口計費，而通常所得愈低，眷口數有愈多的現象，故論口計費將使得所得較低者之保費負擔加重或同樣所得水準者，負擔不相同的保費情形。
5.各類目均適用同一費率，且同一類目之自付比率均相同，無法有效發揮所得重分配效果。
二、個人醫療費用支出的差異及其與保費或所得高低之間的公平性
1.門診費用受到所得因素影響，個人所得愈高，門診費用有愈高的現象；且因為重症而就醫者仍為少數，以其他一般症狀就醫者仍占多數。
2.重症患者或罹患十大死因患者，多以所得較低或保費較低者居多，顯示全民健保的開辦，確實為較低收入者或較弱勢族群減輕就醫上之財務負擔。
3.由於男性罹患重症之比率較女性高，故雖然女性的門診次數與費用較男性高，但在個人總醫療費用上均以男性較高，可能與其生活、就醫習慣有關；而隨著年齡的增加，個人醫療利用情形與費用均逐漸增加，但對於中壯年人口之男性而言，個人醫療費用有逐漸上升趨勢，值得注意。
故對我國全民健保之政策性建議，為使所得重分配的效果得以發揮，在保費負擔方面，建議提高投保金額分級的上下限差距，且縮短等級之間的上下限，分級數愈多，愈能表現出公平性；眷口數計費改採論被保險人計費；三類投保金額與自付比率應調高。在醫療費用分配方面，為抑制所得較高或保費負擔較多者對醫療資源的不當利用，本文建議改採定率部分負擔、改善城鄉醫療資源分配，保障內容改採保大不保小，抑制不必要及小額的醫療支出，讓社會保險的自助、互助及他助精神得以發揮。
未來期能利用數年的歷年資料，來分析個人或家戶在時間上之所得、保費負擔與醫療費用支出三者之間的分配情形，以更能深入瞭解政策之改變，帶來之效果。 / Equity is widely acknowledged to be an important policy objective in the health care field. The principle comes in two versions: a horizontal version (persons in equal need should be treated the same) and a vertical version (persons with greater needs should be treated more favourably the those with lesser needs).
The purpose of this study is to investigate the equity between the insurees’ premium burden and their medical care expenditures in Taiwan's National Health Insurance Scheme. The sample combines two sets of data, which are data for the insured and their dependents’ premiums and medical expenditures of utilization obtained from the Bureau of NHI ; individual income tax return data obtained from the Data Processing Center of the Ministry of Finance. According the data, we will be able to use the regression model of stepwise and probit methods to analysis the purpose of this study.
The major findings are twofold: First, at present the regulations in the premium exists the horizontal and vertical the inequity, so the system can't bring the income replaecment, About medical dilvery, NHI is favorable person lower-income. To achieve ability to pay, the gap between the upper and bottom of insured payroll-related amount class should be lengthened. And to lighten the burden of insuree with dependents. Second, in the medical delivery deductible amounts paid by beneficiaries will be changed from fixed amounts to fixed rate to control the wasting medical resource.
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競爭市場下汽車險業務經營管理策略之研究 / Operating Management and Strategy forAutomobile Insurance in Taiwan's Competitive Market沈順卿, Shen,Shun-Ching Unknown Date (has links)
九十四年我國財產保險業之簽單總保費收入為新台幣1,185.02億元，其中汽車保險之簽單保險費收入為新台幣588.62億元，占我國財產保險業簽單總保費收入的49.67%，故汽車保險之簽單保險費收入於九十四年居財產保險市場各險種之冠。同時汽車保險業務量占全體產險業務量的比重，一直維持在45%-50%之間，由於汽車險業務量之消長連帶影響各產物保險公司的現金流量及公司在市場的排名，故汽車保險業務的經營深受各產險公司老闆的重視。
我國汽車保險業務的來源可分直接通路及間接通路兩種，間接通路來源的業務量占全部汽車險業務量的40%，其中汽車經銷商保險代理人(簡稱車商保代)及經紀人的業務來源就占有30%。
台灣汽車險市場各保險公司的市場占有率，經過產險同業大家多年的努力經營，已大致固定。由於車商保代及經紀人的業務大都屬新車業務，故其業務量占汽車險市場新車業務量的比重甚大，因此遂為每家保險公司業務經營極力爭取的對象。再者必須注意的是汽車險商品因受到過往規章費率的影響，同質性很高，在無法明顯區隔市場的情形下，保險公司如欲增加業務量，最迅速有效的方式就是提高佣金及配合車商保代的要求，搭配一定比率的回廠維修率。此種「蠟燭兩頭燒」的業務經營，在社會經濟景氣時，保險公司尚可依靠投資收益來挹注增加的成本，但景氣不好時，保險公司的負擔將會超過其所能承受的部份，導致經營產生虧損或發生危機。此由寶來證券集團在中央產物的經營汽車險業務，因經營結果與其預期不一致時，最後轉手美商AIG集團，即是最佳寫照。
本篇論文主要係在探討競爭市場下汽車險業務經營管理策略，並以寶來證券集團在中央產物經營汽車險業務的結果為個案研究。首先介紹台灣汽車險市場的現況，接著並就費率自由化的實施，探討其對台灣汽車險市場的影響，同時也針對汽車險市場經營的瓶頸加以瞭解及提出解決之道，筆者也藉此提供個人的些微建議，希望能對政府擬訂監理政策及產險同業透過汽車險業務經營策略的再思考，藉由創新商品的開發及行銷通路的多元化等多方的努力，以對開創台灣汽車險業務經營的藍海策略有所助益，是本篇論文提出的最主要目的。 / In 2005, the written premium of automobile insurance was NT$ 58.87 billion, occupied 49.67% and the majority part of the written premium of non-life insurance in Taiwan（the written premium of non-life insurance was NT$ 118.5 billion in 2005）. In the meantime, the business portfolio of automobile insurance to non-life insurance remain at 45%-50% steadily. Because the growth and decrease of business portfolio of automobile insurance will significantly influent the ranking and the cash flow of non-life insurance companies, the owners of non-life insurance companies pay highly attention on the operation of automobile insurance.
In Taiwan, the source of automobile insurance can be divided into two parts: direct market approach and indirect market approach. Indirect market approach contributed 40% business income, and the automobile insurance agents contributed 30% premium income.
The market share of non-life insurance business is approximately fixed. Due to the business scope of automobile insurance agents and brokers are selling the new cars, the non-life insurance companies give ultimate efforts to attract them. Moreover, we must pay attention on the fact that the automobile insurance commodities is homogeneous, the reason is affected by the tariff of regulator, therefore, under the premise that the market can’t be obviously divided, if the insurance companies still intend to raise its’business portfolio, the most rapid and efficient way is to lift up commission to match the commission requirement of automobile insurance agents, and to collocate with certain ratio of damaged car requiring and/or regular maintence. This kind of operation mode makes insurance company can cover the cost by its investing profit while economic boom, but will overload while economic depression, then causing operating crisis. The most conspicuous case is that the Polaris Securities Group sold Central Insurance Company（CIC）to AIG Group while Polaris Securities Group found the operating results of automobile insurance business in CIC was inconsistent with its anticipation.
This thesis mainly discusses the operating and management strategy of automobile insurance in a competitive market, and give an example by Polaris Securities Group’s running automobile insurance business in CIC for case study. The thesis first introduces the current condition of Taiwan automobile insurance market, then probe into the influence of rate liberalization to the said market. Simultaneously, to understand the predicament of automobile insurance market and bring up the possible solution. The author provides some suggestions for government agency to draw up supervisory policy and for non-life insurance companies to set up operating strategy. By the way of innovating insurance commodities and diversifying marketing routes, the author hopes that it will helpful to jointly inaugurate the“Blue Ocean Strategy”of the operation of Taiwan automobile insurance. It’s the main goal of this thesis.
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論全民健康保險法上之公共安全事故代位求償制度陳介然 Unknown Date (has links)
全民健康保險法自民國83年8月9日公告並自民國84年3月1日施行，此一社會保險制度迄今已成為我國醫療保健系統重要支幹，然而，醫療費用每年約上漲8~10%，致使民國87年3月開始，財務已有入不敷出的情形，因此中央健康保險局（保險人）有一連串開源節流的政策
民國94年2月25日全民健康保險監理委員會第117次會議，委員發言多傾向支持擴大代位求償範圍。此外，全民健保公民共識會議之與會人員，一致認為保險事故如果係可明確歸責於第三人之事由所導致，全民健保之保險人於給付後，應該向第三人代位求償，以符公平正義原則，立法院爰於民國94年5月18日修正全民健康保險法第82條，增訂公共安全事故及重大之交通事故、公害或食品中毒事件為代位求償範圍，修正後條文為：「保險對象因發生保險事故，而對第三人有損害賠償請求權者，本保險之保險人於提供保險給付後，得依下列規定，代位行使損害賠償請求權：
一、汽車交通事故：向強制汽車責任保險保險人請求。
二、公共安全事故：向第三人依法規應強制投保之責任保險保險人請求。
三、其他重大之交通事故、公害或食品中毒事件：第三人已投保責任保險
者，向其保險人請求；未投保者，向第三人請求。
前項第三款所定重大交通事故、公害及食品中毒事件之求償範圍、方式及
程序等事項之辦法，由主管機關定之。」
修法之後，雖然擴大了健保局代位求償範圍，但限制仍多，且此次修法亦未明確釐清健保局在其他領域是否亦有代位求償權
本文首先敘述我國自民國84年正式實施全民健康保險時，尚有盈餘，然而自民國87年起首見保險支出超過保險收入，至民國96年時差額更高達新台幣136億元，除了繼續開發新財源與減少支出外，有無可能利用現有的制度切實實施，消除多數國民有「中央健康保險局將全國人民當成提款機的看法」，以及使實現加害者負其責任之公平正義，故本文針對於全民健康保險法第82條第1項第2款中中央健康保險局對公共安全事故強制投保之責任保險保險人代位權之相關問題加以探討，希望對於日益惡化瀕於破產邊緣之財務有所助益，接者大略簡介我國社會保險制度的演進，包括勞工保險、公務人員保險及其相關保險、退休公務人員保險、公務人員眷屬疾病保險、退休公務人員疾病保險、退休公務人員配偶疾病保險、私立學校教職員保險及其相關保險、農民健康保險與全民健康保險之演進與概況，之後於第三章再藉由歐、美等主要國家保險理論探討保險代位求償權之理論基礎以及人身保險適用代位求償權之理由，復接者討論保險代位求償權之性質、民法上行使代位權之限制、保險法上保險人代位權之性質與全民健康保險保險人之代位求償權；於第四章則討論目前我國中央與地方法規中有哪些場所或行業係屬須強制投保公共意外責任保險以及公共安全事故中全民健康保險保險人代位求償權之構成要件；於第五章則討論全民健康保險保險人可代位求償之金額尚須受到中央健康保險局實際所支出之醫療給付與強制責任保險之保險金額限制；於第六章則討論保險對象對於中央健康保險局代位求償權之保全有協助義務以及節妨礙代位之事由與代位求償權之消滅時效；第七章則是探討中央健康保險局行使代位求償權應注意事項；最後於第八章則是結論與建議。
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