從2007年發生的「金石堂、凌域事件」到2008年初誠品書店重新制訂和上游廠商的交易方式，都很明顯地顯示出國內出版業大型連鎖書店獨大的情形。另外，數位化隨著科技的進步對於產業的衝擊與影響越來越大，許多公司皆陸續推出數位化的相關服務，以滿足在這波趨勢下消費者逐漸改變的需求。像是圖書出版產業最近面臨電子書所帶來的數位閱讀風潮，正慢慢的在改變消費者的閱讀習慣。反觀音樂產業內，數位音樂的出現逐漸顯示多數消費者從以往購買實體唱片CD，轉變成直接從網路或手機下載歌曲、聆聽音樂；整體而言，兩產業內的廠商可說在先後面對產品數位化所帶來的衝擊，需要擬定轉型策略和未來發展方向。 本研究藉由蒐集圖書出版產業和音樂產業的次級資料瞭解現況，再經由相關文獻理論的探討後擬出訪談大綱，深度訪談兩產業價值鏈中的主要關鍵角色，希望融合第一手的訪談資料與理論文獻，找出存在於兩產業中的問題並加以分析解決，最後提出兩產業的未來發展模式與經營之道。 經由瞭解兩產業於產品流通時歷經的物流、金流與資訊流情況後進行比較分析，並在最後以價值鏈為基礎結合產品流通情況後發現，目前圖書出版產業內最大的問題為逆物流作業成本過高與資訊流不暢通，導致握有資訊流程度高與物流成本低的廠商，得以主導產業走向並擁有高議價力；而實體音樂產業內業者目前遭受最大的困境則為數位化下造成實體產品消費減少，以致廠商利潤降低。此外，現今在兩產業實體部份最具議價力的角色皆為下游大型連鎖零售商，而圖書出版產業中議價力最低的角色為中間商，音樂廠商則是唱片公司。 在兩產業共同面臨實體產業衰退與數位化衝擊下，由於產品本質上的差異，讓音樂產業數位化的腳步較早，因此所採取的因應措施與發展對於具有相同產業結構的圖書出版產業有很大的參考價值，經過整合歸納後，未來圖書出版產業除了物流整合與資訊流順暢的當務之急外，應掌握實體書籍本身產品本質的優勢並藉由口碑傳播效應創造更多商機，同時透過減少廠商家數或縮減價值鏈長度，讓產業內廠商的獲利空間得以提升。 關鍵字：價值鏈、交易成本、物流、金流、資訊流、圖書出版業、音樂產業 / The dispute between the Kingstone Bookstore and its distributor in 2007 and the revision of transaction with upstream firm made by the Eslite Bookstore in the value chain of the industry revised at beginning in 2008 represented the situation that huge chain bookstores obviously had great bargaining power in the book publisher industry. Furthermore, with progressing technology, digitization brought about a big impact and influence on industries. One after another, many companies continually provide services related to digitalization to satisfy the consumers’ changing needs. For instance, the book publisher industry faces the challenge of gradually changing reading habits resulting from the digitalized reading trend brought about by electronic books. Similarly, the music industry is experiencing a comparable situation in which the flourish of digitalized music resulted in consumers directly downloading and listening to music through the Internet or cell phones. These consumers originally bought material music products, e.g. CDs. Overall, firms in the two industries are sequentially confronted with the impact of digitalized products, and they need to make reform strategies and think about the future development. This research collected secondary data to understand the current situation of the book publisher industry and music industry and through relevant literature reviews, interview outlines were drafted so as to capture information on the key roles of the value chain of these two industries. In addition to combining the primary data and literatures to discover and solve the problems in the two industries, this research also suggests the ways of development and business models of the two industries in the future. After understanding and comparing the logistic, cash, and information flow related to product flow in the two industries, this research, based on the value chain theory, discovered that the present most serious problem in the book publisher industry is that the high cost of adverse-logistic and block of information flow result in the situation in which firms who control information flow and firms that have low logistic costs hold high bargaining power and guide industry trends. On the other hand, the most difficult situation faced by the music industry faces now is the declining consumptions of material products under the digitalizing trend leading to the firms’ decreasing profits. In addition, big wholesaler chains hold the highest bargaining power in the brick-and-mortar sections of the two industries, while distributors and record companies hold the lowest bargaining powers in the book publisher industry and in the music industry. Both industries confront the decline in the material industry and the impact of digitalization. Resulting from the intrinsic product differences, the music industry digitalized early. Consequently, the developments and the measures firms took in the music industry have high reference value for the book publisher industry which shares the same industry structure as its predecessor. The conclusion is that the book publisher industry must promptly conduct logistic integration and smoothen information flow, as well as capture the advantages of the nature of material books so as to create more sales resulting from the word of mouth effect. Simultaneously, firms in the book publisher industry must raise profit by reducing the numbers of firms or by shortening the length of value chain. Keyword: value chain, transaction cost, logistic, cash flow, information flow, book publishing industry, music industry

iPad自2010年推出以來，佳績不斷，成為史上銷售最快的電子產品，蘋果公司又於2011年乘勝推出iPad2，再次贏得全球矚目，消費者不但是引頸期盼，iPad所到之處更是門庭若市、大排長龍，這不但成為電子產品銷售奇蹟，更為人類閱讀歷史帶來了革命性的改變，為現代人的數位閱讀生活掀起浪潮，iPad影響之大，由此可見一斑。本研究聚焦於iPad進行深入研究，嘗試找到iPad之於此波數位閱讀浪潮，之所以能脫穎而出之原因，以及iPad之於此波數位閱讀浪潮，其所扮演的角色為何？iPad之於數位閱讀浪潮，未來發展趨勢為何？ 本研究採用質化研究法，包括文獻分析法、線上資料整理法，以及深度訪談法，研究整理之後，得到以下結論： iPad之所以能掀起數位閱讀浪潮，究其原因，可分內在與外在因素來看： 一、內在因素：iPad能提供使用者難忘的經驗，以體驗經濟理論來看，這的確符合了Pine & Gilmore的理論：體驗就是創造難忘的經驗，成為消費者美好的回憶，讓其體會到娛樂性、教育性、逃避現實以及一種美學的感受。 二、外在因素：長久以來電子書閱讀器或平板電腦市場已經累積了許多失敗的教訓，這些都成為iPad推出前可供參考的重要資訊，最後是環境的成熟，網際網路的普及、資訊環境的便利、雲端技術的進步等等，正像Malcolm Gladwell所觀察到的，許多變化來得又快又急，就在於觀念、行為、訊息及產品等，像傳染病一般突然間發作蔓延，一旦達到「引爆點」，就會忽然間將時代潮流一口氣往前邁進。 以上內外因素使得iPad具備了天時地利人和的關鍵因素，因此，當iPad一出，立刻造成全球搶購風潮，進而帶來數位閱讀之新氣象。 本研究發現如下： 一、iPad擴大了閱讀的族群，發揮其引導功能 過去不看書，或是過去不碰電子書的人，很可能因為對iPad的好奇，而開始接觸數位閱讀，可以說，iPad擴大了閱讀的人口，許多人隨時隨地瀏覽新聞、雜誌、網頁、書籍，無形之中鼓勵了閱讀風氣，增加了讀書的人口。 二、iPad豐富了閱讀內容：影音加文字、動態與互動 iPad使得閱讀這件事變得廣義而豐富，閱讀不再限於靜態的、文字的、黑白的，而是彩色的、動態的影音內容，甚至有互動的設計，使得閱讀內容多彩多姿。 三、iPad串起了閱讀行為，完成數位閱讀新載體架構 iPad能夠在體積小、行動力強的手機與功能強大的電腦之間，串起讀者的閱讀行為，提供所謂的無縫式閱讀，這都歸因於iPad能提供隨時隨地、隨開隨用的閱讀優勢，讓讀者可以在不同情境下取用資訊，串起現代人的數位閱讀行為，完成了數位閱讀的新載體架構。 iPad使得繁忙的現代人得以運用更簡便、更有效率的方式管理個人的閱讀生活。以數位閱讀的角度來看，iPad可以刺激學習者的動機，提高閱讀者的興趣，單一紙本閱讀的時代已經過去了，現在的人們可以用iPad體驗更豐富更精采的閱讀生活。 本研究建議如下： 一、iPad對閱讀的影響：iPad之於數位閱讀，由於其畫面亮麗、功能豐富，使用者可能會傾向於淺層理解、容易分心，收收E-mail、玩一下遊戲、看一段新聞等，閱讀可能會淪為片段式的所謂的「輕閱讀」，若要深入做學術研究，或是專題報告等，效果如何，不得而知。總之，iPad的確引起了使用者的閱讀興趣，但效果究竟如何，值得後續觀察。 二、iPad對人際關係的影響：iPad之問世，許多人愛不釋手，尤其是App Store，天天都有新玩意兒，人與機器互動的時間增加許多，如此以往，會不會造成人與人之間的疏離感，而且iPad2還有Facetime功能，人對機器講話的機會也增加了，這會不會使人與人相處的臨場感逐漸消失，至終引起社會問題，值得注意。 / iPad, since its launch in 2010, becomes the fastest-selling electronic product in history. Followed by iPad2 in 2011, iPad once again won the global attentions. Wherever iPad goes, numerous consumers wait in long lines. Sales of this electronic product, not only become a miracle, but also brought a revolutionary change into the reading history of mankind. The influence of iPad, is evident. This thesis focused on iPad, trying to find the reason why iPad is so outstanding among all the e-readers? What role is iPad palying in the wave of digital reading? And how iPad will lead the trends in the future of digital reading life of modern people? This study used qualitative research methods, including document analysis, online data compilation method, and depth interviews The important research results are as follows: Why iPad is able to set off a wave of digital reading? The answer can be divided into internal and external factors: (A) Internal factors: iPad offers users a memorable experience. From the experience economic theory point of view, it is indeed in line with the Pine & Gilmore’s theory: to create a memorable experience is the key to satisfy consumers. Let consumers feel entertainment, education, escapism, and an aesthetic experience. (B) external factors: For a long time, e-book readers or tablet PC have ended in failures. All these failures become important informations for iPad’s design. Meanwhile, the maturity of the environment, including the popularity of the Internet, information environment to facilitate the clouds and technological progress, etc., just like Malcolm Gladwell observed that, many changes came too fast and urgent, such as concept, behavior, messages and products. all of a sudden, everything reach the “tipping point”, and it will suddenly move forward the trend of the times in one breath. With internal and external factors, iPad causes a global phenomenon, brings the new digital reading era. What iPad brought into the reading history of mankind?: (A) iPad expanded reading population People who do not read books in the past, or people do not touch e-books before, probably because of the curiosity about iPad, they will start to read books with iPad.In another word, iPad has expanded reading population. More and more people start to read news, magazines, books with iPad, because it is so convenient. (B) iPad enriches the reading content: including audio, video and interactive design iPad makes reading broad and rich. Reading is no longer limited to static, text, black and white, but colorful, filled with video and even interactive. iPad enriches the content-of reading. (C) iPad brought the completion of digital reading behavior of modern people iPad, between the small, mobile cellphones and strong and powerful computers, plays the key role of the readers’ reading behavior, providing the so-called seamless reading, which offer the iPad users to read anytime, anywhere, so that the readers can access informations in different situations. iPad brought the completion of digital reading behavior of people. iPad offers modern people to build a efficient management of individual reading life. iPad can stimulate the readers’ motivation, improve their interest. With iPad, people can experience richer and more exciting reading life. The recommendations are as follows: (A) iPad and Reading: iPad, because of its bright screen, feature-rich, the users might be inclined to shallow understanding. They are easily distracted by collecting E-mail, playing games, and watching a piece of news. This kind of reading become so-called “light reading”. If people want to do further academic research or special reports, iPad is useful or not still remain unknown. It is worth follow-up observation. (B) iPad and interpersonal relationships: iPad is so amazing that many people enjoy using the device, especially the App new stuffs coming up every day. In the future, iPad will cause alienation between people or even cause social problems, we still need to observe it.

台灣少年小說的起步相較歐美各國遲緩，晚至1960年代才出現首批本土少年小說單行本，1990年代質量均佳的作品相繼出版，少年小說才深獲肯定。本研究旨在探討1960到2010年台灣地區少年小說出版發展的歷程，以及影響台灣少年小說出版發展的重要事件與因素，並且進一步探析少年小說書目歷年成長的變化情形。 本研究以歷史研究法為主，根據文獻史料分析，台灣地區少年小說出版發展可區分為四個階段：1960－1973年孕育萌芽期；1974－1987年成長茁壯期；1988－1996年交流拓展期；1997年迄今蓬勃發展期。台灣少年小說的出版發展與政治開放、經濟繁榮、社會多元化以及文化與教育水準的提升等社會變遷有密切的關係。最後挑選出台灣少年小說出版歷程中具有指標性意義的16件大事。 本研究兼採書目計量法，對台灣地區出版的少年小說創作出版品之出版年代、出版社、作者等書目資料進行統計分析，以供未來相關研究參考之用。研究結果歸納：(1)台灣少年小說出版量在1990年代急速成長；(2)1990年代以來大陸少年小說作品數呈現穩定的成長；(3)前十名重要的少年小說出版社：依序為九歌、文房、民生報社、幼獅、小魯、福地、小兵、台灣省政府教育廳、富春以及聯經出版社；(4)前五名重要的大陸少年小說出版社：依序為民生報社、九歌、聯經、風雲時代、小魯以及麥田出版社；(5)前十三名重要的少年小說作者：依序為李潼、沈石溪、管家琪、郭妮、李光福、溫小平、張之路、曹文軒、李淑真、黃海、鄭宗弦、周姚萍以及張友漁；(6)前六名重要的大陸少年小說作者：依序為沈石溪、郭妮、張之路、曹文軒、周銳以及秦文君；(7)少年小說作者生產力與80/20 定律驗證並不相符；(8)台灣少年小說出版發展歷程與出版年代的書目成長變化二者可相互呼應。 綜合研究結果，歸納建議：(1)對兒童書目資料庫的建議：早日成立一座國家兒童圖書館，專門負責建置兒童讀物書目資料庫；(2)對兒童圖書編目的建議：應將少年小說與故事書分開獨立編目，便於兒和童少年選讀適合自己的作品；(3)對出版社的建議：應採計畫出版；鼓勵作家展現本土風情的創作，培植寫作新秀；創作和翻譯作品並重，既可觀摩優秀作品又可滿足讀者需求；(4)對作者的建議：多閱讀優良中外少年小說作品，拓展國際視野；從歷史鄉土中尋找題材，持續不斷磨練寫作技巧，提升作品的品質；(5)對圖書館的建議：圖書館應竭盡所能搜羅優良的本土少年小說作品，並且定期舉辦閱讀推廣活動；(6)對相關研究者的建議：研究結果可供兒童文學界、出版社或圖書資訊服務單位作為參考。 / The start of Taiwan juvenile novels was comparably slower than European and American countries. It was as late as the 1960s when the first batch of local single-volume juvenile novels came out. Juvenile novels started to gain recognition until the 1990s when novels of high quality and high volume have been published. The study aims to discuss the process of publishing development for Taiwan juvenile novels between 1960 and 2010, and the important events and influence factors of the publishing development in Taiwan juvenile novels. The study further analyzed the changes in the growth of bibliography for juvenile novels over the years. The study is based on historical research. According to literature review and historical data, the development of Taiwan juvenile novel publication is divided into four periods: Nurturing Period from 1960-1973. Growing Period from 1974-1987. Exchange and Expansion Period from 1988-1996. Booming Period from 1997-current. The publishing development of Taiwan juvenile novels is closely related to the social changes in political opening, economic prosperity, social diversity, and enhancement in the cultural and educational level of the overall environment. The resercher Picked up 16 major events with indicators of significance in the developing process of publication in Taiwan juvenile novels. The study also employs Bibliometrics to conduct statistical analysis on bibliographical data including the year of publication, publisher and authors of juvenile novels published in Taiwan. The result will be used for reference in related studies in the future and is inferred below: 1.The amount of publication for Taiwan juvenile novels showed rapid growth in the 1990s. 2.The number of Chinese juvenile novels appeared in steady growth since 1990. 3.The top ten important juvenile novel publishers include the followings: namely Chiuko, Winfortune Co., Ltd. , Min Sheng Newspaper, Youth, Tien-Wei Publishing Company, Winfortune Co., Ltd., Xiaobin Publishing Company, The Department of Education, Taiwan Provincial Government, Fu Chun Publishing Company Limited, and Linking Books. 4.The top five important Chinese juvenile novel publishers include the followings: namely Min Sheng Newspaper, Chiuko, Linking Books, Storm and Stress Publishing, Tien-Wei Publishing Company, and Rye Field Publishing Company. 5.Top ten important juvenile novelists include the followings: namely Tong Li, Shixi Sheng, Jiaqi Guang, Ni Guo, Guangfu Li, Xiaoping Wen, Zhilu Zhang, Wenxuen Cao, Shuzhen Li, Hai Huang, Zhongxuen Zheng, Yaoping Zhou, and Youyu Zhang. 6.Top ten important Chinese juvenile novelists include the followings: Shixi Sheng, Ni Guo, Zhilu Zhang, Wenxuen Cao, Rui Zhou, and Wenjun Tai. 7.80/20 Rule is inapplicable to the distribution of juvenile novelists’ productivity. 8.The process of publication in Taiwan juvenile novels correspond with the changes in growth for the year of publication in bibliography. The proposed guidelines are summarized as follows. 1.Recommendation for children’s bibliographical database： Establish a national children’s library soon possible which bears the major responsibility of building the bibliographical database for children’s books. 2.Recommendation for children’s library cataloguing： Juvenile novels and story books are recommended for separate and independent cataloguing so that children and youths could select the books suitable for their own reading requirement. 3.Recommendations for publishers: Publication should be planned and authors are encouraged to exhibit the creativity of local style while incubating the new talents in writing. Emphasize both on creativity and translated works that could offer observation of excellent works as well as satisfying reader needs. 4.Recommendations for authors： Read more excellent Chinese or foreign juvenile novels, expand international horizon, search for materials from history of localness, continue to discipline on writing skills, and improve work quality. 5.Recommendation for libraries：Libraries should do the best they could to collect outstanding local juvenile novels and hold reading promotional activities on a regular basis. 6.Recommendations for relevant researchers： The research results could be offered as reference to children’s literary circle, publishing companies or library information service units.

電子書興起，改變了讀者的閱讀方式，紙本書不再是唯一的選擇。電子書的供應鏈由上而下可分為：作者、出版社、DRM業者、網路通路平台、電信業者、硬體載具製造商。隨著科技創新，新的供應鏈創造了參與者新的競合模式，各參與者的商業模式也隨之創新，相較於過去的紙本書市場出版商擁有較大的議價能力之情況，在新的競合模式中，掌握客源的網路平台通路商對於上游的出版商之議價能力大幅提升。另一方面，越來越多作者跳過出版社，直接將電子書的版權賣給網路平台通路商，導致出版商原有的掌握版權之優勢減弱，長期下可能會致使出版社在電子書供應鏈中的議價能力進一步降低。未來隨著科技進步，彩色電子書閱器與結合其他功能的設備將是發展趨勢，但光靠硬體端難以建立他人無法輕易突破的進入障礙，而許多參與者在供應鏈上並非具單一角色，像是Amazon與Apple兼具網路平台通路商與硬體載具供應商之角色，亦即「平台+硬體載具」的雙重獲利模式，而這兩間公司皆掌握了主要的「客源」，是其重要優勢。而Amazon更是透過支援的應用程式，讓非自家載具之消費者也能至自己的電子書店下載電子書，像是iPad、iPhone、藍莓機等等。因此以未來電子書成長後議價能力與賺取現金流之能力的消長預期來看，相較於其他參與者，Amazon與Apple會是較佳的長期投資標的。 / The emergence of e-books changes the reading habit, and the paper-book is not the only one medium of reading anymore. The supply chain of e-books comprises diversified industries, including authors, publishers, DRM providers, online retailers who operate digital bookstores and manage accounts of customers, telecommunications, technology-side players. When technology advances, the new supply chain creates new co-competition model, the business models of players begins to innovate. Compared to paper-book market in which the publishers have stronger bargaining power, in new co-competition models, the online retailers have a huge customer base and therefore have stronger bargaining power over publishers. Furthermore, there are more and more authors who skip publishers and sell the digital right to online retailers directly. That is, the content resources controlled by publishers reduce, and the bargaining power of publishers deteriorates. In the future, producing colorful e-readers will not be a difficulty anymore, but the technology-side players will have difficulty in establishing entrance barrier. However, some participants play various roles across the supply chain, such as Amazon and Apple. Both of two companies play the roles of online retailers and technology-side players, and have double sales resources from plate form and hardware. Beside, both of these companies have large customer base, and it is the critical competitive advantage of Amazon and Apple. Especially, Amazon supports some hardware tools like iPad, iPhone, and Blackberry. As long as the customers download the application programs, the customers can purchase e-books on Amazon.com. From the aspects of potential of growing bargaining power and future discounted cashflows, Amazon and Apple would be better choices for long-term investors.

由於目前台灣圖書出版業受到各種因素的影響，像是景氣持續衰退、原物料上漲、新書出版量增加但同時退書率卻也升高、出版業家數眾多、替代品的威脅、網路科技帶來的閱讀習慣改變等等因素，讓業者的經營陷入更困難的環境之中。而高退書率與高暢銷書銷售數字，讓圖書的銷售也朝向兩極化的發展。 本研究以圖書出版業為中心，暢銷書本身的價值流程作為研究對象，試圖透過資料收集、訪談、歸納整理、分析等等方式與步驟，找出價值鏈中暢銷書之關鍵成功因素(key success factor)。同時，也以實際的《藍海策略》一書為個案，透過深度訪談來了解該書從「市場調查」、「選書與作者」、「圖書編務」、「印務工作」、「行銷活動」及「物流/資訊流」等價值鏈活動中，運用了哪些關鍵成功因素讓個案本身成為暢銷書。 暢銷書的關鍵成功因素大致分為評估方式與行銷手法兩大類。 (一) 評估方式 一本書是否能具有成為暢銷書的潛力，可以從以下的四個方面來進行評估與衡量：一是目標市場；二是作者與書；三是與環境和需求的連結程度；四是與出版社屬性的關聯性。 1. 目標市場：包含目標市場規模、競爭品的供應量、價格和型式為主要的評估依據。 2. 作者與書：作者的知名度、書名和主題、封面設計、推薦人的知名度、內容特色與扎實、國外暢銷程度，以及特殊榮譽的加持等則為考量能否為暢銷書的重要因素。 3. 與環境和需求連結：包含要能滿足實質或心理需求以及打造說服主題。 4. 出版社本身的屬性：以出版社本身的目標策略、條件與資源作為選擇暢銷書內容物的依據。 (二) 行銷手法 暢銷書的行銷手法，以話題性書籍為主要考量的前提下，可以透過：製造話題來引發報導、密集曝光用來刺激購買意願、舉辦系列論壇演講、異業結盟藉此擴大市場規模，還有藉由慎選通路將資源集中在多數目標客源聚集的管道上等等方式來做。 透過對個案《藍海策略》一書的研究後發現，該書在書名和主題、封面設計、內容特色與扎實，以及國外暢銷程度上面具有一定的優勢；該書的主題獨特，作者寫的內容簡潔有條理，並且在國外出版後造成熱銷。而在行銷手法上面，則是具備強有力的行銷活動，讓書本身在上市後短時間內能夠引起很多人以及企業主的注意；透過雜誌、報紙還有電視等媒體做宣傳，結合國內產業的實際個案以及當時的社會現況，把該書的主要論述加以結合起來，作為一個報導的題材，能夠引發顧客的注意與引起顧客的共鳴，進而產生想要購買的慾望。也就是說，在價值鏈上，個案在「行銷活動」上產生極高的暢銷價值，再來就是在「選書與作者」這價值活動上也有不錯的表現。

本研究旨在探討海峽兩岸中文電子期刊系統之現況、系統構面與功能，以及發展動機與成功因素，藉由比較研究之描述、解釋、併排與比較四步驟，研究台灣與大陸電子期刊系統的發展現況、中文期刊與電子期刊發展之優勢與面臨之問題、電子期刊系統發展歷史，並歸納兩岸電子期刊系統建置動機與成功因素，以及藉由實證研究以建構中文電子期刊系統的構面與功能，以提出中文電子期刊系統發展之具體模式與建議。 研究結果確立中文電子期刊系統包含出版管理、使用者服務、營運管理三構面，以及19項功能，並加以歸類。出版管理之功能包含：1.論文徵集；2.數位化作業；3.期刊分類與Metadata建置；4.建置資料庫；5.電子全文管理；6.詞彙權威控制；7.論文篩選標準。使用者服務之功能包含：8.資訊檢索與取用；9.引文分析；10.行銷推廣與客戶服務；11.個人化服務；12.電子期刊永久取用；13.加值服務；14.知識社群。營運管理之功能包含：15.收費與帳務管理；16.權利金給付與查核；17.著作權徵集與管理；18.統計報表；19.營運模式。 本論文結論歸納：1.中文電子期刊系統構面與功能；2.台灣電子期刊系統之特色；3.大陸電子期刊系統之特色;4.台灣中文電子期刊系統發展動機；5.大陸中文電子期刊系統發展動機；6.台灣中文電子期刊系統發展成功因素；7.大陸中文電子期刊系統發展成功因素；8.兩岸中文電子期刊系統發展面臨之問題；9.目前大陸在整體中文電子期刊系統之發展居領先地位。 最後建議：1.依據本論文所提出之電子期刊構面與功能改善台灣中文電子期刊系統。2.建議未來國家圖書館與資料庫廠商合作發展台灣全文電子期刊系統。3.建議我國政府擬定全文電子期刊系統建置之長期重點發展計畫。4.建議台灣電子期刊系統建置期刊採編系統平台。5.建議台灣中文電子期刊系統建置引用文獻連結及引文數據分析功能。6.建議台灣中文電子期刊系統建置知識社群功能。7.建議華藝公司中文電子期刊服務系統以收錄台灣期刊為優先考量。 / The purpose of the study was to research the current status, system dimensions and function, as well as the motivation and success factors of Chinese journal systems. Through description, interpretation, juxtaposition, and comparison, this study research the current status of Chinese journal systems, the advantages of development and the problems of Chinese journals and electronic journals, the history of electronic journal systems, summarized the motivation and success factors of Chinese electronic journal systems, and construct Chinese electronic journal systems dimensions and functions by empirical research. Finally come up with the specific model and suggestions of Chinese electronic journal systems. The results of this study established the Chinese electronic journal systems includes 3 dimensions: management of publication, user services, and management of operation, as well as 19 features. management of publication includes: 1. Collection of journal; 2. Digital operations; 3. Journal classification and Metadata construction; 4. Database construction; 5. Electronic full-text management; 6.Vocabulary authority control; 7. Standard of journal selections. User services include: 8. Information retrieval and access; 9.Citation analysis; 10. Marketing and customer services; 11.Personal services; 12.Permanent access of electronic journals; 13.Value-added services; 14.Knowledge Community. Management of the operation includes: 15.Charges and account management; 16.Premium payments and check; 17. Copyright collection and management; 18. Statistics; 19. Mode of operation. The conclusions of the study are: 1. The dimensions and functions of Chinese electronic journal systems; 2. The characteristics of electronic journal systems in Taiwan; 3. The characteristics of electronic journal systems in China; 4. The motivation of Chinese electronic journal system in Taiwan ; 5. The motivation of Chinese electronic journal system in China; 6.The success factors of Chinese electronic journal systems in Taiwan; 7. The success factors of Chinese electronic journal systems in China; 8. The problems of Chinese electronic journal systems in Taiwan and China; 9. At present, China is on the leading position in overall development of Chinese electronic journal systems.. The study make final suggestions as follows: 1. Pursuant the dimensions and function of electronic journals to improve the Chinese electronic journal systems in Taiwan; 2. National Central Library and database vendors can cooperate to develop full-text electronic journal systems in Taiwan; 3. Government can build long-term development plan of full-text electronic journal systems; 4. The proposed system of electronic journals in Taiwan Journal reporters and editors to build system platform; 5. Construct reference links and citation analysis functions to Chinese electronic journal systems in Taiwan; 6. Build knowledge group functions to Chinese electronic journal systems in Taiwan; 7. CEPS should put the first priority on Taiwan Journal collections.

台灣圖書出版業者為了增加競爭優勢、降低成本，將物流業務利用外包處理的方式已經相當普遍。為實現使用第三方物流業者之物流服務所帶來之效益，選擇適當的第三方物流公司作為合作夥伴是成功的關鍵之ㄧ，因此如何評選第三方物流公司，就顯得格外重要。 有鑒於圖書出版業者以往易根據供應商的印象或交情，抑或僅憑自己主觀的認定評選物流供應商，比較缺乏系統性的評選；又考量的因素往往難以完全獨立，為解決此一問題，本研究提供一第三方物流供應商評選方法，其包括： 1. 篩選第三方物流供應商評選指標；以及 2. 利用分析網路程序法（ANP）確立評選指標之相對權重。 在參考過去相關研究，並透過專家訪談，歸納出適用於圖書出版業對於第三方物流業者之評選指標，其分為服務品質、履約能力、服務品質、價格條件、資訊管理能力、經營績效五大構面以及17個評選指標；並利用ANP將評選指標之間的相依回饋關係納入考量，找出各指標的權重，以作為企業評選第三方物流業者之評選參考。 之後，本研究以使用第三方物流之圖書出版業者為實例進行說明。研究中發現，圖書出版業者間在評選第三方物流供應商時，所重視的指標會有所不同，業者會根據過去與物流供應商實際合作情況，回饋於選擇第三方物流供應商的系統中，修正評選指標，調整權重認定，以找到適合的物流供應商。以個案公司來說，於第三方物流供應商評選時，對於訂單履行準確性及準時將貨物送達顧客是最重要的考量因素，其反映個案公司過去與第三方物流供應商合作之經驗。 最後，本研究所提供之方法亦可提供決策者充分的資訊與系統化的思考，有利企業做為最終決策的參考。 / As book publishing firms are looking to increase competitiveness, strengthen core competencies and lower overall costs, outsourcing logistics to third party logistics (3PL) service providers have become common practice. To ensure the success and to maximize the benefits of such practice, the selection of the 3PL becomes particularly crucial. This study provides a comprehensive methodology to the selection of a 3PL provider, consisting of two parts: 1. Screening criteria to employ during the selection of a provider；and 2. Determining the relative importance of each screening criterion by the analytic network process (ANP) approach. A total of seventeen criteria have been identified by experts in the book publishing industry with respect to service quality, capabilities, price, information technology management and operational performance of the 3PL providers. As interdependencies exist between each criterion and cannot be captured by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), to solve such types of problems, this study utilizes ANP to determine the relative weighting in the selection of a 3PL provider. Thereafter, the application of ANP for the selection of a 3PL provider is demonstrated through an illustrative example. The result of the example provided indicates that the criteria of shipment error rates and on-time shipment and deliveries are the most important, and this reflects the influence of the experiences from past cooperation between the case company and 3PL providers. This approach also enables the decision-makers to better understand the complex relationship between the relevant attributes during the decision-making process, which may subsequently improve the outcome of the decision.

2000年以來，台灣出版社大量引進翻譯推理小說，日本及美國籍推理作家相繼來台舉辦簽書會，顯現推理小說在台灣有一定市場版圖。相對之下本土推理作品卻寥寥可數，本土推理創作者也鮮為人知。本研究以Bourdieu提出的文化場域理論為研究架構，探討創作者與文化中介者的資本組合與美學標準，如何影響本土推理小說的生產機制、交換條件與流通過程，並形成台灣推理市場以翻譯為主的現象。 本研究先以次級文獻分析法調查彙整近年推理小說市場概況，再透過半結構式深度訪談法相關行動者15位。研究發現2000年後歐美與日本推理小說出版產業成熟，相對於1980年代後才重新起步的本土創作，使台灣出版業者傾向引進翻譯作品，其中文化中介者的特定品味扮演了關鍵影響力。本土創作則以文學獎為生產關鍵。創作者不僅能透過文學獎獲得象徵價值，也能獲得出版社與其他創作者的社會資本，是進入本土推理創作文化生產場域的管道。 本研究也發現，這些本土創作者儘管部分堅持推理小說獨特的美學，但主要是受到翻譯書市場排擠，只能以文學獎獲得出版機會，被迫形成小眾市場。本土推理創作因此在台灣形成「小眾」的「通俗文學」。 / Since 2000 A.D, lots of translated detective novels have being published in Taiwan, and noted American and Japanese novelists come to Taiwan to do signing for new books, which demonstrates that detective novel is popular in Taiwan. Nevertheless, there are seldom local detective novels to be published compared to the large market. The paper quoted the theory of field of cultural production by Pierre Bourdieu, and analyzed how the creators and cultural intermediaries’ form of capitals and aesthetic standards have constructing the production mechanism and logistics process of local and foreign novels in order to understand how the market of detective novels in Taiwan are dominated by foreign products. As for the research method, the paper adopts second documentary analysis and in-depth interview. The former is to calculate the published detective novels from 2001 to Sep. 2015 sold in the dominant on-line bookstore, “Books”, in Taiwan, while the latter is to interview 15 related agencies included writers, editors, translators, and manager of bookstore to understand how the whole market of detective novels has changed in recent 15 years and the process of every agency interact with each other through their own capitals and form the production mechanism. The results contain 3 following issues. First, local production has re-started since 1980’s after a long-time decline, while the publishers in west and Japanese have developed into matured system and produced well-known novelist every years. In contrast with spending large costs to cultivate local writers on their own, Taiwanese publishers prefer to produce noted foreign works, while their taste have an influence on the judgement of works. Secondly, literary awards are the vital way in the production of local works, served as the way that the local creators enter into the field of cultural production. The creators receive symbolic capital through awards, and even obtain more opportunities to publish their works or cooperate with other related organization, which means the acquirement of social capital. Nevertheless, the publishers mainly promote those local works through the reputation of awards, so the novelists are still little-known in the popular market, and they still cannot survive through the creation of detective novels. Finally, the market of local detective novels is forced to be the field of restricted production as a result of supplanted by translated novels. There the local works can only be published through literary awards. As a consequence, the production of local detective novels becomes popular literature of niche market.

資訊科技的發展，不僅是技術的改進，更重要的是，它深切地改變了企業組織運作模式、個人工作經驗與社會活動。新科技的使用，使得企業組織架構、生產流程產生變革，經營者也增加了許多人力資源管理的作法；非典型工作型態的產生，上班不再是固定職場、朝九晚五的例行工作，傳統的勞動關係受到衝擊，勞資關係互動有別以往；此外，新科技引進、工作型態變化、勞動彈性化運用，在員工心理與人際關係互動也產生了影響。 　　因此，本研究針對資訊科技發展對組織、人力資源管理、勞資關係三個層面進行探討，在選擇研究對象時，鑑於網路發展，電子書是未來出版的趨勢，在出版流程數位電子化下，整個圖書出版活動都受到影響，因此，本研究以圖書出版業為研究對象，整理歸納出資訊科技發展對圖書出版業的影響。 　　經由本研究比較分析五家個案出版社後，得出如下研究結果： 　　（一） 圖書出版業運用資訊科技的能力與圖書出版類別有關 　　（二） 資訊科技發展對圖書出版業組織的出版作業流程影響最為顯著 　　（三） 資訊科技發展下，圖書出版業朝典型的「酢醬草組織」型態發展 　　（四） 具有電傳勞動性質的圖書出版工作，出版社傾向將其外包，與承包商（或個人）的溝通、合作關係將是外包成效的主因 　　（五） 工作壓力大、工作有效率是員工面對資訊科技發展最主要的心理反應 　　（六） 圖書出版業的績效評估著重於員工的創造力與溝通能力 　　（七） 圖書出版業的薪資報酬著重於員工的個人績效表現 　　（八） 圖書出版業勞資關係互動屬於「非集體協商型」模式 　　雖然出版社規模普遍不大，在人力資源管理與勞資關係行使上並不像大企業般經驗豐富，但資訊科技運用促使非典型工作型態的發展，則在出版業得到印證，對於非典型工作型態的影響、及相關勞動法令的修訂，將是勞資政三方面今後所要正視的議題。

網際網路的快速發展，加上 WWW 所具備的多媒體呈現與連結能力，全球資訊網 WWW 迅速成為一項新興的媒體。傳統媒體業者紛紛投入人力、物力成立網站，提供網路上的服務。本研究的主要目的即在探討網路媒體出版事業的經營要素，並釐清網路特性對於媒體經營之影響。 本研究根據媒體經營要素之整理，及對網路出版實際案例之觀察、與比較分析，歸納出網路媒體出版事業經營要素之研究發現：1.網路出版的產品定位明確，且其市場關聯性極高。2.網路出版極為強調資訊之即時性或累積性。3.網路出版可打破地理區域限制，網站提供較多的國際性資訊漸成為趨勢。4.網路出版極為重視網站使用之方便性，以各種網路工具設計來提高網站使用的方便性。5.網路出版都很重視與讀者之互動，設計各種能照顧深度或廣度的互動機制，亦即可看出都很用心經營網站讀者社群。6.網路出版非常重視人力資源。7.網路出版都擁有極佳之媒體資源，並善加利用。8.網路出版都有極佳科技應用能力，亦即擁有強大的電子資料庫，以及數位化生產能力。9.網路出版需建立事業合作網路，利用外部資源彌補內部資源之不足。 比較傳統媒體經營要素與網路出版經營要素，可以發現在產品定位、人力資源、媒體資源、外部資源等方面並沒有改變；而在資訊即時性或累積性、地理區域範圍、科技應用能力方面稍有調整；而社群經營、使用方便性則屬網路出版獨特之經營要素。 在資訊即時性方面，網路出版受到網路特性即時性之影響，能以最快的時間完成資訊的傳輸、溝通，加上網路生產價值鍊重組，因此可達到更高的即時性。在資訊累積性方面，由於網路數位式資料庫更易於資訊之累積，且能打破平面媒體篇幅、版面的限制，使得網路出版之資訊累積性更為提高。在地理區域範圍方面，網路出版在網路無遠弗屆、即時性特性的影響下，發行傳送不再受到地理限制。在科技應用方面，在數位化、資訊價值特性之影響下，網路出版必須強調數位化的生產能力，以及擁有數位化之資產。在網路出版所獨有的經營要素方面，由於網路特性即時性、互動性、價值鍊重組、網路外部性之發揮，讀者社群的經營成為網路出版的重要工作。另外一項新的網路出版經營要素--使用方便性，則與媒體呈現之特性較有關聯。 / The study of key factors of Internet publishing management-By Yuan-lung Tsai-Advisor: Dr. Chao-Tung Wen1.MotivationBesides the emergence and rapid growth of Internet, the multimedia display and linking talent of WWW have made it a booming media. Traditional media enterprises invested their resources to build up web site and provide online services.To the traditional media enterprises, such as Time-Warner and Dow Jones, the Internet is a new arena. Entering the Internet market with their successive experience in traditional media market, could they open the Internet publishing market successfully? How did they transfer t2.Research QuestionsIn this thesis, I will find out the key factors of Internet publishing management, and distinguish the key factors of the Internet publishing management from the key factors of traditional media, the questions of this research include:(1) What are the key factors of Internet publishing management?(2) What is the difference of the key factors of Internet publishing management between the ones of traditional media management?(3) How do the characteristics of the Internet influence the key factors of media management?3. MethodologyStarting with the key factors of media management, and concerning the effects of the characteristics of Internet, I studied several current Internet publishing site, then derived the conclusion.The research objects I chose include three different business types, one is online newspaper, another is online magazine, and the other one is online Encyclopaedia.4. ConclusionThe key factors of Internet publishing management include:(1) Find a definite niche of product, and serve the needs of target readers.(2) Stress the real time or accumulation of information even more(3) Internet publishing could break through the geographical boundary, offering more international information is the trend of Internet publishing.(4) Internet publishing site should design various tools, such as front page, site map, search engine, personal page, to make the site user-friendly.(5) Internet publishing site should design various interactive mechanisms, such as E-mail, online chat, online discussing board, member service, to communicate with the readers, and manage the reader community aggressively.(6) Human resources, especially Internet professionals, matter. Web site should employ full-time workers, include editors, authors, web site producers, web site designers, and computer professionals.(7) The resources of media group can support the Internet publishing, such as content sharing, financial support, brand name, promotion, and reputation.(8) Digital database and digital production capability are core competence of the Internet publishing.(9) Internet publishing should build up the network of collaboration. There are three kind of companions, one is content provider, another is ISP or Internet channel, the other is technology support.Comparing the key factors of media management and the ones of Internet publishing management, there are three different states. Some factors, include product niche, human resources, media resources, and outer resources, are consistent. Some factors, include real time and accumulation of information, market boundary, and technology, are modified. Some factors, include community and user-friendly, are specific for Internet publishing.