Les amours de l’ombre et de la lumière ont depuis longtemps hanté l’imaginaire chinois grâce à l’art des lanternes magique et bien avant, à celui des ombres chinoises. Dès la fin du XIXème siècle, le cinéma français est présent en Chine où ce « divertissement occidental nouveau-né » aux particularités techniques et artistiques inédites s’est fait accepter. La présente étude tente de découvrir, classer, analyser et synthétiser des documents historiques peu connus afin de montrer le processus de développement du cinéma en Chine et plus particulièrement la diffusion du cinéma français et son acceptation par les spectateurs chinois. Cette analyse sera menée ici jusqu’à l’éclatement de la guerre sino-japonaise en 1937. Comment, en tant que production artistique et ambassadeur culturel aux séductions multiples, le cinéma français a-t-il dépassé ses frontières nationales et influencé le cinéma chinois - voire la société chinoise ? Ce questionnement impliquera une étude approfondie de l’histoire du cinéma chinois des origines et abordera quelques spécificités des cultures chinoises. / In Chinese cinema, shadow puppetry theatre and magic lantern have long been their ancient form of storytelling and entertainment. By the late 19th century French cinema was present in China, whereby their 'new born occidental entertainment' with their particular techniques and artistic characteristics was accepted. The following study attempts to discover, classify, analyze and unify little-known historical documents; in order to demonstrate the developmental process of cinema in China, especially the diffusion of the French cinema, and its reception by the Chinese public. This analysis is conducted from between 1897 up to the end of the Manchurian war in 1937 - How, as an artistic production and a cultural ambassador pass beyond his national borders influencing the Chinese cinema, as well as the Chinese society? This question involves a thorough study of the origins of the Chinese cinema, exploring some specific features of the Chinese culture. / 对光与影的迷恋，让中国人自古就有了“灯影”，“皮影戏”等娱乐艺术形式。自19世纪末法国电影传到中国, 中国开始接纳“西洋影戏”这个带着科技与艺术特性的“新生儿”。本文试图发掘，梳理，辨析，整合历史文献资料, 结合中国电影从无到有的发展进程, 来考察1937年中日战争全面爆发以前法国早期电影如何在中国大陆进行传播，以及它们如何一步步被中国人接受。作为一种文化艺术的产物，法国电影又是如何在它跨国的旅行中，施展着它作为文化使者的魅力和影响, 并以此细化对中国早期电影史的认识。

本研究對象為夜市利害關係人與消費者，欲探討夜市科技導入之使用者需求，以找出夜市科技需求為目的。本研究的研究方法，第一階段透過學理基礎分析為基礎，將夜市各領域文獻與產業現況進行整合，且實地走訪夜市，進行環境掃描，並透過質化的深度訪談，探討夜市利害關係人的需求，嘗試以不同使用者角度與參與治理觀點角度切入，找出目前產業現象所知的使用者需求之外，再找出其他潛在的使用者需求。 第二階段以質化深度訪談結果建立量化的網路問卷，以統計數據分析消費者心理，在相關分析中顯示影響夜市的科技應用與使用科技的知覺價值互為顯著正相關；而在多元迴歸分析中顯示影響夜市的科技應用對影響夜市消費者使用科技的行為態度、使用科技的知覺價值對影響夜市消費者使用科技的行為態度、夜市消費者使用科技的行為態度對夜市消費者使用科技的意願等三個路徑結果中皆有變數為顯著正相關，透過分析結果驗證消費者對於科技使用需求的心理特質，以提供符合夜市供需雙方之使用者需求設計。 第三階段彙整出夜市科技使用者動機與需求結果，提出對夜市具參考性的科技使用需求機制與功能規劃，並進行數位內容應用建置與規劃，設計夜市APP數位內容，呈現系統架構、流程規劃與介面建置，改善夜市遭遇之問題，供未來其他研究者參考或應用於數位內容應用開發與實務上。 總結，本研究成果為：（1）彙整出夜市產業對於數位科技應用的需求與想像。（2）依據使用者需求規劃出夜市科技的系統架構與流程，並設計出夜市數位內容應用介面。（3）最終，解決夜市產業面臨的困境，增加整體對於夜市發展的參與度，提昇夜市競爭能力，供未來研究者與開發設計者能參考。 / The subjects of this study are night market stakeholders and consumers; the study aims to explore user demand for the introduction of technology to night markets, and to determine the demand for night market technology. The research methods employed by this study are as follows: the first part of this study is based upon theoretical foundation analysis, and combines literature related to a variety of fields related to night markets with the current state of the industry. Furthermore, on-site interviews were conducted at night markets, and surveys of the night market environment were conducted; in addition, qualitative in-depth interviews were used to determine the demands of night-market stakeholders. These methods also attempt to determine known user demands according to current industry conditions, in addition to determining other potential user demands from different user and administrative perspectives. In the second part, the results of in-depth qualitative interviews are used to establish a quantitative online questionnaire; statistical data analysis of consumer psychology and correlation analysis reveal that there is a significant and positive correlation between night-market-influencing technology applications and the perceived value of technology use; furthermore, multivariate regression analysis shows the following: according to three pathway results, variables with positive and significant correlations exist for the effect of night-market-influencing technology applications on the behavioral attitudes of night market consumers to using technology, the effect of the perceived value of technology use on behavioral attitudes that influence technology use by night market consumers, and the effect of behavioral attitudes of night market consumers towards technology use on the willingness of night market consumers to use technology. An analysis of these results was used to verify the psychological characteristics of demand for consumer technology use, and to provide a user demand design that is compatible with supply and demand conditions of night markets. The third section of this paper summarizes results related to the motivations and demands of night market technology users, and proposes technology user demand mechanisms and functional plans with referential value for night markets. Furthermore, this section describes the establishment and planning of a digital content application, design of digital content for the night market app, the system framework, and conduction of process planning and interface set-up. In addition, it addresses how the issues encountered by night markets can be resolved, and provides reference for future researchers, which can be applied to digital content application development and practice. The results of this study are as follows: it summarizes the demands and vision of the night market industry with regard to digital technology applications. According to the demands of users, it plans a system framework and process for night market technology, and designs a digital content application interface for night markets. Finally, it resolves difficulties encountered by the night market industry, and improves the overall level of participation in night market development, in addition to improving the competitiveness of night markets. Furthermore, it provides a reference for future researchers.

本研究由科技接受度模型為出發點，探討台灣50歲以上國民對於網路購物平台的使用習慣及態度，加入不同的外部因素分析，包含人群接觸偏好、自我實踐、認知有用、認知易用、購物動機、知覺風險及關係品質，目的在於了解不同的外部因素對此一族群最後是否會回到同一個購物平台購買商品之影響，意即對網路購物平台產生忠誠度，並且加入寂寞感作為使用者態度與忠誠度之間的調節變數。採用問卷調查法隨機抽樣，同時發放紙本及網路問卷，有效回收173份，網路回收效果較佳，佔有效問卷的84%。 透過研究結果得知，自我實踐與人群接觸偏好皆對於科技接受模型當中的認知有用有直接的影響，顯示出50歲以上的國民在使用網路時，會受到過去的購物經驗（與人購買商品）的影響，不過對於新科技保持積極學習心態的個體會有意願嘗試使用網路購物。而當個體感受到網路購物是省時或是省錢的（認知有用）、認為操作是簡單明瞭的（認知易用）都會提高消費者使用網路購物的意願。 此外，消費者對於在網路購物平台上付費是否安全以及付費之後是否真的能拿到符合期待的商品有疑慮時，會降低網路購物的意願，因此網路購物平台業者要重視並且消弭這樣的知覺風險，這同時也將會提升消費者在網路購物的動機；如同實體商店，消費者也重視與網路購物平台業者之間的關係，也就是說，當有網路購物平台業者提供的客服是良善的，在購物前、中、後都重視消費者的感受、照顧消費者，建立一個良好的顧客關係，不僅提升消費者使用網路購物平台的意願，更能夠加深消費者對該網路購物平台的忠誠度。 然而，在調節項寂寞感的作用之下，並無明顯的調節效果，本研究建議後續相關研究者可以針對此項因素的影響力進行質化研究，例如深度訪談法。實務貢獻提供網路購物平台業者對於50歲以上國民的行銷策略上，除了以折扣優惠吸引此一族群的消費者之外，也應重視消費者心理層面上的感受、並且提供完整的資訊及即時有效的客服幫助消費者解決購物問題，建立消費者在網路購物平台上的專屬資產成本，達到良好的顧客關係循環。 / The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of various external factors, including preference of human contact, self-actualization, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, shopping motivation, perceived risk, relationship quality and loneliness on consumer attitude toward online shopping and customer loyalty to the particular online shopping platform. We studied the relationship among the variations by using paper-based survey and the online survey. Our target participants were the people who over 50 years old in Taiwan. The data supports the following findings: if the consumer who has higher self-actualization would more likely agree that using online shopping platform to buy goods is useful. However, if the consumer has a higher preference for human contact will have a negative impact on perceived usefulness. Besides, to increase consumer's desire to use online shopping, we should notice that decreasing consumer’s perceived risk such as secure payment service and clear return rules and build a reliable customer relationship are crucial. That means, in addition to giving discounts to attract this group of consumers, online shopping platform company should also pay attention to consumer feelings. In the end, limitations and suggestions to future studies were provided.

本文主要試圖回應傳統經學史論述中鄭王之辨此一議題。傳統經學史書寫中，或是以學派競爭的立場，或是採取鄭學中心角度，對王肅多予以負面評價。本文受到現象學思維啟發，試圖通過歷史性的追溯，重新梳理王肅形象的建構歷程。其次，透過重新閱讀目前傳世之王肅著述，以說明王肅個人的吉禮與凶禮主張，進而分析具體的禮文儀節，歸納出王肅禮學義體系的義理內涵與特質。第三、藉由中古禮家徵引王肅禮說的相關記載，以觀察王肅禮說在中古禮家進行禮學實踐時，造成了哪些短期影響及長期效應。 全文共分五章：〈第一章：緒論〉主在介紹本研究相關背景資訊、研究目的與研究方法；〈第二章：現代經學意義下王肅形象的建構與反省〉主要透過統計《皇清經解》中對於王肅的評議情形，以說明乾嘉學者對於王肅的總體觀感；其次以「教科書經典效應」的立場，分析清季皮錫瑞《經學歷史》對於現代經學研究環境所造成的影響。透過上述二者的討論，藉此說明現代經學研究者視野下王肅形象的建構過程。〈第三章：王肅禮學義理及其時代意義〉透過整理歸納，以說明王肅吉禮凶禮的具體主張，藉以呈現王肅禮學體系的人間屬性。此外，透過重建曹魏皇權語境的脈絡化處理方式，說明王肅禮學與明帝皇權的互動過程。〈第四章：王肅禮學體系的擴散與傳播〉藉由中古禮家明引王肅禮說的表現，以試圖說明王肅禮說對於中古禮制發展與禮學實踐的影響情形。並進而勾勒後世徵引行為如何反饋王肅禮說內涵。〈第五章：結論〉除了總結各章所得、研究缺失外，更試圖彰顯「擴散與傳播」的研究立場對中國古代（經）禮學研究具有哪些價值與意義。