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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

沿岸砂浜域におけるニホンハマアミOrientomysis japonicaの個体群動態に関する研究

秋山, 諭 23 March 2016 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(農学) / 甲第19772号 / 農博第2168号 / 新制||農||1040(附属図書館) / 学位論文||H28||N4988(農学部図書室) / 32808 / 京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻 / (主査)教授 山下 洋, 教授 荒井 修亮, 准教授 益田 玲爾 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
32

生態学的実在論に基づく意味論に関する研究―理論的考察と実践的言語記述―

井上, 拓也 23 March 2023 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 甲第24700号 / 人博第1073号 / 新制||人||251(附属図書館) / 2022||人博||1073(吉田南総合図書館) / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科共生人間学専攻 / (主査)教授 谷口 一美, 教授 藤田 耕司, 准教授 守田 貴弘, 教授 山梨 正明 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM
33

我國政務官甄選之研究-民國三十九年至七十五年

張家惠, ZHANG, JIA-HUI Unknown Date (has links)
無良好之決策,難有高效益之執;決策之良窳,則決定於參與決策之人選、相關資訊 及制度。又民主國家制定政策的主要層級在於政務體系,因此,政務官之人選與政府 效能實有密切關係。基於上述之理念,本人擬擇我國政務官之研究為論文主題。 文中之分析架構,將綜合系統、精英及人才甄選等三種模式,作為分析之基礎;政務 官之甄選,個人認為深受當時生態環境之影響;在甄選過程中,甄選主體首先考慮被 甄選者之社會背景及其資歷,因此本文將以政務官之社會背景及其經歷為探討之重心 ;另將分析政務官之任期及其離職後出路,以期對政務官之甄選有全盤之瞭解。此外 ,內閣制與總統制之兩個代表國家--英、美,其甄選政務官之經驗,實可作為本文 檢視我國政務官甄選之立論根據。 因此,本文之章節安排,共分為六章,第一章緒論,介紹本文之分析架構及政府遷台 後生態環境之變遷及其對政務官甄選之影響;第二章介紹英、美兩國政務官之甄選制 度;第三章分析我國政務官之社會背景,分任職年齡、地域關係、教育程度及所屬政 黨四項來探討;第四章分析我國政務官任職前之經歷,分任職前之最後職業及主要經 歷來探討,以瞭解我國政務官多歸屬於何類政治精英。第五章分析我國政務官之任期 及其離職後之出路;第六章結論,擬對中、英、美三國之甄選經驗作一比較,並提出 研究發現與心得,全文約計十三萬字。
34

組織文化之研究--理論與應用之探討

吳焰修, WU, YAN-XIU Unknown Date (has links)
日本經濟的奇蹟,在國際市場上的強力競爭,引起了美國的震撼,美國管理界乃紛紛 去探討其原因所在,並思謀本身的檢討改進。他們認為文化的差異會造成管理思想與 經營理念的不同,而組織本身是社會環境的次級系統,一方面受外界文化的影響,另 一方面由於組織內部成員的互動,及因應外界挑戰的措施,長期下來會形成組織本身 獨有的文化,故研究組織文化,更能了解組織行為的根本原因,予組織較妥善管理。 本文共一冊,分為五章十四節,計約八萬字 第一章:緒論。為研究動機、目的、方法、架構、限制的說明。及對基本概念的釐清 。 第二章:組織文化之理論基礎。為從組織理論上探討組織文化的形成,內容及變革。 第三章:組織文化對組織成長過程之影響。為探討組織文化在組織每個成長階段所發 生之功能及與變革之關係。 第四章:我國行政機關組織文化之分析,為探討我國行政機關之生態環境、組織行為 及變革之道。 第五章:結論。為對組織文化的檢討與展望。
35

3C零售連鎖通路產業經營策略之研究--以法雅客為例--

范信壹 Unknown Date (has links)
摘要 由於科技的進步,帶領3C產品的需求市場快速成長,也促使各3C零售連鎖通路商急遽的擴展店數,在目前大者恆大的情況下,對已達採購經濟規模的企業,其早已佔有一定市場,並已立於不敗之地,然對於其他後起的公司或屬於中小型之企業,因規模較小,如欲在這競爭激烈的產業中,創造屬於自己的一片生存空間,就必須有一套不同於其他競爭者的經營策略,以與其他競爭者做區隔,同時如何想辦法保持原有的優勢,才不至於被其他競爭者所取代;本研究以法雅客之個案做分析,描述其發展歷程與其獨特的經營策略及未來的發展方向,期待能以此個案研究帶給專業經理人對企業經營策略有更深層的體會。 本研究之主要結論如下: 1.以經營上的採購規模經濟所帶來的策略效益(低價促銷),雖暫時突破僵局, 擺脫競爭者。然而,低價策略並非萬靈丹,也非長久的經營之道,低價策略隨時容易會被跟進。 2.規模小的3C零售連鎖通路商,必須清楚界定企業客層,擬定目標族群的經營策略,強化與顧客間的關係與服務,提升其對企業的滿意度,要善用自我經營特色與優勢,創造出更多的價值,那麼小的通路平台亦可在小而美的狀態下,經營屬於企業的一片小藍海。 3.由於3C零售連鎖通路產業競爭愈來愈激烈,通路開始思考多角化經營開創新範疇。當擴展到一定規模時,如何善用自己現有門市的實體通路與規模經濟,朝多角化商品策略規劃(即所謂範疇經濟),藉由複合式經營,讓行銷手法更靈活(彼此商品可以互相搭配,以高毛利商品來協助促銷),同時聚焦目標對象,有策略地去分級與分類經營,並結合3C商品的促銷活動,讓消費者能接受其多角化商品經營策略,將更能提升整體經營綜效。
36

以生態博物館觀點推動社區總體營造之影響研究-以「十三行博物館」為例 / Research on the Influence of Integrated Community Construction from an Eco-Museum Perspective-A Case Study of Shihsanhang Museum

黃麟惠, Huang, Lin-Huei Unknown Date (has links)
本研究基於博物館的演進與歷程、生態博物館的理念發展演進與對十三行博物館與八里地區的現況調查分析,透過主動參與以及對相關人士進行訪談,分析十三行博物館以生態博物館理念推動地區總體營造時,對地方競爭力與文化觀光產業的影響。 十三行博物館身兼公部門、專業者、在地者等多重角色,使其擁有良好的溝通管道,整合各參與角色的資源;多重角色亦使其得以擴大本身的博物館功能,成為公部門間整合監督的角色以及政府與居民間的對口單位。雖於計劃推廣初期,無法落實生態博物館由下而上的基本理念,但居民主動參與的程度的確在潛移默化中提高,各項具文化意涵的觀光資源,如:歷史文化資產、自然生態資源、地方人力資源等,亦在過程中不斷累積,回饋地方。在協助地方產業發展部分則是過程中努力較少之處,十三行博物館應繼續發展過去的地方產業園區計畫,成為地方產業與文化結合的觸媒。 八里文化觀光的發展現況為觀光資源豐富,卻缺乏有力推廣整合單位,使得區域內觀光推廣效益過於分散;而整體環境亦有改善空間。十三行博物館希望藉由八里左岸身生態博物館化以推動地方觀光,達到博物館永續營運的目標,因此應主動協同相關觀光推廣單位,形成共同合作的模式,讓觀光推廣能有全面性的觀點與整合效益。一旦促成觀光推廣整合單位,該單位應立即為八里觀光進行短、中、長期的整體規劃,短期針對目標客群設計整套行程,增加留客率;中期則針對相關行程進行發現小徑的規劃,促使相關行程中的路徑更符合觀光需求;長期則為整體環境進行完善規劃,並輔導地方產業朝高附加價值方向發展。 關鍵字:生態博物館、文化觀光產業、十三行博物館 / The primary focus of this thesis is to provide a thorough investigation and understanding of Shihsanghang Museum and its surrounding community, the town of Bali. As an eco-musuem, Shihsanghang utilizes “integrated community construction,” a model based on a local community’s competency to increase cultural tourism for their area. To better understand this topic, an explanation of the evolution and history of the concept of museum is presented, with special focus on the concept of the eco-museum. As a museum, Shihsanghang has access to multiple channels of communication, including the government, experts and specialists of the field, and the local community. Not only does this give Shihsanghang access to many different resources, but it also puts the museum in a position to expand its function, becoming a coordinator and mediator of government bureaus involved in Bali and a communication window between government and local residents. Being in such a position is vital to the success of an eco-museum, as it allows the museum the opportunity to develop from the “bottom up.” The idea behind such a process is that the museum, by interacting with the community, can utilize resident input to guide government action, versus the traditional notion of the government having complete say over the development of a museum. At first, Shihsanghang was not particularly effective in employing such a process. Gradually however, through influencing and interacting with the public and allowing the local community to slowly gain appreciation for the region, the museum was able to gather more and more feedback and participation from the residents. This in turn also opened up more resources to support local tourism. As for helping to develop the local cultural industry however, Shihsanhang has had limited success so far, and should continue to develop and become an agent between local industry and culture. Although Bali currently has many tourism channels and resources, it lacks a powerful unit to integrate all these promoting units. Furthermore, the surrounding environment still requires much improvement. For example, Shihsanhang hopes to improve tourism by “eco-museumising” Bali’s Left Bank and making it more attractive. Shisanhang has the ability and should begin integrating all the relevant promoting units, opening up opportunities for cooperation and creating a holistic approach to Bali’s tourism industry. If Shisanhang is able to achieve this, then it should proceed with a short-term, middle-term, and long-term plan. For the short-term, it should design tourism packages that target specific demographics as to increase a tourist’s visiting length. For the middle-term, it should develop “pathways” (themed-routes of Bali), as to make the sites visited by tourists in Bali more relevant to their interests. And for the long-term, it should make an entire development plan for Bali, helping to create high-value added local industries. Keywords: Eco-Museum, Cultural Tourism, Shihsanhang Museum
37

生態傾銷下最適關稅協定之研究

吳吟咨 Unknown Date (has links)
在世界及地區性貿易組織的努力下, 近來關稅等貿易障礙已經普遍降低。但與此同時, 環境品質向下沉淪的疑慮也隨之而來。儘管相關的討論不在少數, 但大部分著重於外生貿易障礙調降下的策略性環境政策, 以及其對應之福利變動; 或是在合作與非合作環境政策下, 同時決定環境與貿易政策, 然而也相對較少將環境階段的扭曲納入貿易政策制定的考量中。因此, 本文旨在探討若將生態傾銷的誘因納入考量,並改採序列賽局分別決定最適環境稅與關稅時, 貿易政策合作下所制定之最適關稅協定為何? 另一方面, 我們也觀察生產性跨國污染的大小對最適關稅的影響, 並發現當污染不具跨國外溢效果時, 此時不論環境政策合作與否, 最適關稅應對該污染性財貨提供進口補貼。相對地, 若跨國污染超過一定程度時, 除非環境政策能夠合作, 否則此時應對其課徵關稅, 以避免過度生產減損社會福利。 / By constructing a reciprocal-dumping model, we investigate a second-best tariff agreement when considering the linkage between the trade and the environmental policy. Though there has been much discussion about the linkage, most existing literature rarely considers the distortion when setting a trade agreement. We also take the transboundary strength of production pollution into account. Our results show that: (1) in the absence of transboundary pollution, the optimal tariff should be an import subsidy. Thus, whether both countries coordinate on their environmental policies or not, a bilateral reduction in tariffs will enhance the global welfare. (2) On the contrary, if the transboundary pollution is sufficiently strong, then the second-best tariff should be positive, while the first-best level is negative. In this situation, trade liberalization might decrease global welfare.
38

中等學校輔導教師對師生諮商雙重關係的經驗探究 / A study on the teacher-student dual relationships of middle school counselors

康家華 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在探討中等學校輔導教師在校園中同時擔任個案的任課教師和諮商員的雙重關係經驗,以訪談法蒐集資料,經由立意取樣邀請四名任教國中、高中且面臨師生諮商雙重關係的新手和資深輔導教師參與研究訪談,呈現其工作樣貌,並輔以生態系統觀點探討面對雙重關係一事的考量。  四名輔導教師皆曾聽過師生諮商雙重關係一詞且理解其意涵,但在何時聽聞以及考量原因等則印象不一。受訪教師認為雙重關係的優點包含提供學生觀察老師的機會、較易建立關係,可看到學生不同面向的表現並滿足教師本身對親近感的需求,此外亦可連結資源改善學生環境並推廣輔導工作;而其困擾多為內在感受,如擔心個人身為教師的價值觀介入或需要不時思考此議題的煩惱,至於其他負面影響則因皆可處理而未感困擾。 在師生諮商雙重關係的經驗中,受訪者因學校制度而進入雙重關係,並提及同事期待輔導教師協助個案輔導所給予的壓力,然而受訪者也利用自身教師角色連結校內資源提供學生協助。在外圍系統的決策考量上,因受訪老師選擇接受校園中輔導教師同時授課和個案輔導的限制且忘記當初的矛盾,故無法探究各老師的思考過程。在鉅視系統層面,受訪教師認同自身教師角色,皆有責任崇高或需要更主動付出的自我期待屬之。   整體而言,受訪教師接受師生諮商雙重關係的存在,然則不受限制而在此情況下依各自期許盡力而為是其主要因應方式。 / / / To explore the teacher-student dual relationships of middle school counselors, four study participants facing dual-relationships in junior and senior high schools including novice and veteran teachers were interviewed through purposive sampling. The results show their work appearances, assist with the discussion of the consideration facing dual relationships in eco-systems perspective.   The four participants all have heard the teacher-student dual relationships and understand its meaning, but have different impressions of when they heard, and the reasons of consideration. Interviewed teachers think the advantages of dual relationships include providing students the opportunity to observe the teachers, being able to build relationships easier, understanding students’ different performance, and meeting the teachers’ own needs of the close feelings, they also can link resources in order to improve the students’ environment, and promote counseling works. However, the distresses are their inner feelings, such as teachers worry about the personal values involving, or the need for thinking of this topic from time to time. Otherwise, they aren’t troubled with the solvable negative effects.   From the interviewees’ experiences, their duel relationship with students resulted from the system of school environment. They were under the pressure of student individual counseling from their colleagues’ expectations. However, they were able to provide more resources in the school under their role as a teacher. In terms of the decision making of exosystem, how the interviewees processed their conflicts of duel relationship is hard to explore since they have already accepted the reality of teaching and counseling in the same time as guidance counselor (guidance teacher), and forgot about their first thought. When we look at the macrosystem, interviewees’ identified their roles as teachers, and considered it as a high responsibility career, and expected themselves devoted to their career more.   Generally speaking, the interviewees accept the teacher-student dual relationships. Their way to deal with this inner conflict is trying their best according to their own expectation without other limitation.
39

都市生態旅遊資源非市場價值之研究 – 以貓空地區為例 / The non-market value of urban ecotourism resources - a case study of MaoKong area

劉匡英, Liu, Kuang Ying Unknown Date (has links)
20世紀60年代以降,在強調自然環境護與觀光地區永續利用理念的潮流之下,世界上許多關注於生態保育的學者與民間團體,紛紛提出並推廣了兼顧自然保育與遊憩發展目的—生態旅遊(ecotourism)。 台灣地狹人稠且都市擴張迅速,使得許多自然環境資源已逐漸成為都市的一部分,加上近年來國人休閒意識的覺醒與親近自然環境的需求增加,更讓自然環境地區成為都市人們不可或缺的紓壓與渡假場所。位於台北市文山區南端的貓空地區,便是在過去20~30年間休閒遊憩發展蓬勃的景點,以鄰近都會區、特色茶產與宗教聖地—指南宮為名。貓空地區大多屬於農業保護區。海拔在七百公尺以下,雖不甚陡峭但地貌複雜多變、雨量豐沛,植物林相及生物資源豐富。加上貓空地區規劃完善之登山步道系統、遠近馳名的宗教聖地指南宮以及著名的茶產文化,提供了發展生態旅遊的生態動植物資源、休閒遊憩資源、宗教文化資源以及產業文化資源,且因為位於台北市都會區,與近年國際興起的「都市型生態旅遊」之型態不謀而合。 都市型生態旅遊地區除了提供與一般遊憩區皆有的遊憩、休閒、教育等使用價值外,尚有生態環境保育效益的非使用價值存在,為評估都市生態旅遊地區所具有的完整環境價值,本研究運用條件評估法(Contingent Valuation Method, CVM),以支付卡法(payment card method)之詢價方式獲得遊客的願付價格(willing to pay, WTP),並採用負二元名義(negative binomial)模式建立迴歸模型,獲得主要結果為:存在價值每年約3,693,065,610元,遺贈價值約每年5,368,737,520元,非市場價值高達約每年9,061,803,130元。 / From 1960s, due to the rise of environment protecting concepts and sustainable use of tourist spots, there are more and more non-government organizations and scholars, who care about ecological conversation, propose the importance of ecotourism, which aim at both the conversation of natural and recreation development. Taiwan is densely populated and has rapidly urban expansion, which has caused natural environmental resources gradually becoming a important part of city. Moreover, the awareness of leisure consciousness and increasing need for accessing to the natural have made it an indispensable relaxing and vacation location for Taipei people. Maokong, located at the south of Wen-Shan district in Taipei, is a famous spot with burgeoning creation activities over the past twenty-five years. It is well-known for its convenience, characteristic tea industry and the sacred place-Zhinan Temple. Mostly parts of Maokong belong to agricultural reservation. The altitude is 700 meters below, although not as steep as others, it has a diversity of terrain features, abundant in rainfall, botanical life-form and organism resources. Those plentiful ecological resources above, the great location near the urban, old-line religious history and culture, plus perfect planning of mountain climbing trail. With all the inborn conditions make Maokong perfect for developing the international-popular leisure style - urban ecotourism. Urban ecotourism place provides not only the use value of recreation, leisure and education, but also the non-use value of preservation benefits. In order to evaluate the total value, I used Contingent Valuation Method with Payment Card Method to get the Willing to Pay of tourists, and further I used the Negative Binomial to establish the model. The main result: the Existence Value is about $3,693,065,610(TWD) per year, the Bequest Value is about $5,368,737,520(TWD) per year, finally the Non-market value is about $9,061,803,130 (TWD).
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公共組織變遷理論之建構-行政院組織法修正案分析 / The Theory of Public Organizational Change -- The Analysis for the Modification of Administrative Yuan's Organizational Law

聶文娟, Nieh, Wen Chuan Unknown Date (has links)
民國七十六年七月三十日這一天,行政院決定研修行政院組織法,這項行動相當特殊,因為行政院自從民國三十八年第四次修訂組織法以來,維持其八部二會的組織架構已歷經近四十年未曾更動,此一議題因而引起各方注目與關心。然而研議工作並沒有預期中順利,行政院提出的修正草案版本被立法院大幅刪改。因此,僅管該修正草案已經二讀通過,行政院還是主動撤回該草案,致使行政院從民國七十六年開始修法至今(民國八十三年八月)已經過了七年,該法仍未修正完成。以此為個案研究的相關論文自然不少,然多從組織變革的角度出發,探討草案內容是否妥適、研議程序是否週延、以及提供許多實務方面的改善建議。本文的研究旨趣與上述論文不同,主要從組織變遷的觀點理解此一個案的發展情形,探究行政院在研議修法的過程中,其相關行動者如何詮釋問題的情境?隨著時間的演進,個人認知理解上發生了哪些變化?在推動變革過程中,對組織內外相關成員以及整個政治系絡造成哪些影響?作者以為這些問題非常值得探究,因為即使這是一個失敗的組織變革案例,卻已產生了組織變遷現象,而研究過去的變遷現象是通往了解現況的橋樑。為了分析此一個案,作者擬從組織理論的理解開始,比較、歸納、整合理性模式、生態理論以及制度理論之異同,參考組織學習理論、組織重組等諸多論點,並輔以公共組織的特性,建構一觀察公共組織變遷情形的分析架構,然後以此架構詮釋、分析行政院組織法修正案。研究結果發現,該法研議雖長達七年,且議而不決,但在這段期間,打破八部二會舊制的共識逐漸凝聚,成立哪些部會的焦點與爭論越來越集中,事件的意義已不再停滯於七年前的理解上。因此,並非一事無成,平心論之,反而是一個相當有趣的組織變遷過程,並且也部分印證了J.G.March及J.P.Olsen的看法:歷史無效率的可能性,意義與象徵行動對瞭解政治的重要性,或許為我們提供了另一種「觀看之道」。

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