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污染技術發展歷程的專利分析—以氟氯碳化物(CFC)為例 / The Developing Process of Pollution Technology – Patent Analysis of CFC Technology after Montreal Protocol柯玉佳, Ko, Yu Chia Unknown Date (has links)
全球日益嚴重的環境問題多為科技進步所帶來的副作用,科技發展確實為人們帶來許多好處,但同時也破壞了人們所居住的環境。當某些科技被發現對人類和自然環境為有害時,通常原採用此科技的企業會在消費大眾的輿論、政府法規或國際公約的規範壓力之下,停止使用此污染的科技和停止生產相關的產品。另一方面,企業、學術或研究單位也會積極研發相關的替代科技和產品。但污染技術的發展是否就如我們所想像的,會終結於政府法令或國際公約的規範、管制之下?本研究試圖以CFC(氟氯碳化物)破壞臭氧層的例子透過相關專利的分析來觀察此技術和替代技術的發展歷程。
就CFC技術的發展過程,加以相關文獻回顧,提出三項研究問題:
一、當CFC初步被發現會對臭氧層造成破壞,但尚無實際科學證據時,其相關的應用技術是否不再發展?同時,是否會有相關的替代技術開始發展?
二、當政府頒布法令以禁止CFC的製造和使用時,其相關應用技術是否不再發展?同時,其相關的替代技術是否會增加?
三、當1987年「蒙特婁議定書」國際公約規範形成,並開始管制CFC之生產和使用後,其相關應用技術是否不再發展?同時,其相關的替代技術是否會大增?
根據本研究專利分析之驗證,獲得以下結論:
1.當污染的因果關係被發現時,若原科技具污染性的科學證據仍不足、大量原設備仍有很長的使用壽命、替代品的價格相對較為昂貴,則企業為維持既有市場利益,污染技術繼續被使用、相關應用技術仍繼續發展,而替代技術發展開始起步,但開發的情形並不積極。
2.當政府頒布法規來管制污染科技的製造和使用,但若管制範圍僅限於單一國家區域內,企業仍可在其他非管制的國家區域進行製造和使用原污染科技,則污染科技會繼續發展,且替代技術開發的壓力不大,以致成效不彰。
3.當國際間有公約規範形成,並開始管制污染科技的生產和消費時,因為國際公約為世界全面性的管制,且管制的時程具有階段性,則污染技術之發展隨即轉為衰退,且為「逐漸」的減少、衰退。迫使企業必須逐漸停止使用污染技術及其應用之開發,轉而積極投入研發新的替代技術,使替代技術有蓬勃的發展,因此國際公約為影響污染技術和替代技術發展非常重要的因素。
4.在專利審查制度對污染技術發展的影響方面,於政府頒布禁令、國際公約簽署開始管制污染技術的生產和使用之後,仍有使用污染技術專利出現的情形。此係企業為了保有技術的完整性、盡量擴大其專利範圍,於專利範圍中列出該技術所有可使用的化學物質,其中含有已被管制之污染物質。然而專利審查制度中,實用性只考慮該技術是否「能夠」被實施,並未考慮到是否「被允許」實施。因此,雖然新技術的實施並不「必然」要使用舊技術,但新技術專利範圍中含有可使用舊技術的情形,仍可能增加舊技術的需求,因為其價格較低,在開發中或落後國家繼續被使用而造成環境的危害。而專利具有擴散技術知識的功能,因此專利的實用性應考量應用的原料是否環保,為減少污染物質被使用的機會,應除去其中之污染物質。
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國家決策輔助諮詢系統之研究--以國際科技政策觀策系統為例 / National Consultation System for Facilitating Decision-making— Exemplified by the International Observation System for Science / technology Policy戴元峰, Dai,Edison Unknown Date (has links)
科技政策是國家競爭力的發動機,一國之決策領導者對科技「競爭情報」之掌握及重視程度與國家核心競爭力直接相關,攸關競爭賽局的勝負。因此掌握競爭優勢的國家「決策輔助諮詢系統」實是公共政策領域應注目之焦點。
「國際科技政策觀測系統」為政府首次針對科技政策決策需求所推行的環境偵測與諮詢系統,是政府推動環境預測、科技前瞻等工作的基礎。期望藉由本研究一窺科技政策形成體系中「決策輔助諮詢系統」及「國際科技政策觀測系統」運作之現況,對國家政策推動、決策運行、決策變革、科技經濟發展有助益與貢獻。
為能確實的紀錄整個專案產生與運作過程,增進信度與效度,本研究決定採取參與觀察法、深度訪談法、次級資料分析法等三種研究方法以深入故事現場。本研究所探討的問題聚焦在科技決策幕僚的輔助諮詢工作的科學化與加值效益,能開啟研究新世紀政府決策輔助科學化的序幕,豐富我國政府決策研究文獻,促進我國科技政策情報研究之成長與發展。
本研究發現「國際科技政策觀測系統」確實具備環境偵測與智囊諮詢的功能,一方面對於去除決策者的「工作環境不確定」產生極大效能,提升我國科技決策的科學化,另一方面對於提高智庫與決策系統間的鏈結產生重大效益,在提供智囊諮詢上使得觀測能量轉為對策能量。為因應多變的世界賽局,我國政府應立即進行以提升國家競爭力為思考的「決策輔助系統」改革,建立全方位的「政府競爭情報系統」,進行長遠的「決策輔助」人才培育計劃,強化決策效能提昇政策效果,以天下為師求勝於天下。
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以一整合性架構探討台灣行動商務科技接受度之研究 / Exploring the Technology Acceptance of Mobile Commerce in Taiwan under an Integrated Framework陳盈妘, Chen,Ying Yun Unknown Date (has links)
當今行動裝置愈來愈普及,人們在接收和處理資訊、消費、娛樂以及種種生活便利服務的需求不減反增,衍生出的行動加值性服務也愈來愈多元,造就了行動商務的蓬勃發展。由於台灣行動電話持有率與全民上網普及率均在全球市場上名列前矛,然而消費者對行動商務的接受度普遍仍不高,因此本研究目的在找出影響台灣地區使用者採用行動商務的因素,並探索這些因素之間如何相互影響,最後如何影響使用者的採用意願。
本研究將以Sally& Indrit所提出的概念性整合性行動商務採用模型為基礎,加以修正後利用結構方程式進行假說驗證,並以不同類型的行動商務服務如功利型與享樂型作為調節變數,探討使用者在使用不同類型的服務時,影響其採用該服務的因素會對其採用態度有何種程度的影響,試圖解釋台灣地區使用者的採用行動商務之行為。
本研究結果發現:
(1)使用者愈認為該行動商務的服務是有用的、有娛樂性的、使用過程是安全的和能維護隱私的,以及價格愈合理,使用者採用該行動商務服務的態度即愈正向。
(2)價格因素除了直接影響採用態度之外,還會對採用意願有直接影響。
(3)當使用者覺得該服務容易使用時,同時也較會認為該服務是有用的。
(4)當使用者認為該行動商務之服務為有用時,同時則認為該服務的娛樂性是較低的。
(5)使用者先前的使用知識與經驗及其所能掌控該服務的能力愈高,會增加其認知易用性,進而透過認知有用性的提升,其採用態度愈正向。
(6)使用者認為該服務有用與否及是否具有娛樂性,易受同儕或廠商的行銷活動影響,進而影響其採用態度,外部影響力與廠商的行銷活動對採用態度有間接的影響。
(7)使用者在使用功利型服務時,相較於使用享樂型的服務時,其對服務的認知有用性這項因素對其採用該服務的態度會有較大的影響。
(8)使用者所認知的易用性這項因素在使用者採用享樂型服務時更顯重要。 / With the higher availability of mobile devices, people’s needs in receiving information, consuming, pursuing entertainment, and other convenient services in life have augmented, resulting in the increase the variety of mobile services and attributing to the prosperity of mobile commerce. Both the possession rate of mobile phones and the penetration rate of the access to the Internet in Taiwan occupied the leading positions in global market, yet the consumers’ acceptance for mobile commerce is comparatively low. Thus, the purpose of the research is to discover possible factors that influence users’ adoption of mobile commerce in Taiwan, and to explore how these factors affect one another and further make impact on the users’ intention to use.
This research, based on the conceptual framework for the acceptance of mobile commerce proposed by Sally & Indrit (2007), underwent the revision of the model and validated the hypotheses, including using different kinds of mobile services such as utilitarian and hedonic types as moderators to explore how these factors can influence the users’ attitude toward use differently when adopting different types of mobile services. The research intends to explicate the users’ adoption behavior of mobile commerce in Taiwan.
The research induces the following findings:
(1)The higher degree the users perceive that the mobile services are useful, joyful, secure, and that the price of the services is reasonable, the more positive the users’ attitude toward adoption for mobile services is.
(2)The factor of price not merely influences the users’ attitude toward use, but also influences their intention to use.
(3)When the users find the mobile services easy to use, they tend to feel that the services are useful.
(4)When the users find the mobile services very useful, they tend to perceive less enjoyment of the services.
(5)When the users possess more prior knowledge, experience, and behavior control for the mobile services, they tend to perceive higher degree of ease of use, which results in higher perceived usefulness, and their attitude toward use for mobile services will be more positive.
(6)Peer influence and promotion from the enterprises can easily affect the users’ perception of usefulness and enjoyment for mobile services, which further influences their attitude toward use. External influence and promotion from the enterprises will make indirect impact on users’ attitude toward use.
(7)The users’ perceived enjoyment makes greater influence to their attitude toward use when using utilitarian services than hedonic services.
(8)The users’ perceived ease of use makes greater influence to their attitude toward use when using hedonic services than utilitarian services.
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跨文類網絡與媒體整合:以狄更斯及其作品為例 / Transgeneric Network and Media Hybridization: A Case Study of Charles Dickens and His Works陳徵蔚, Chen, Zheng wei Unknown Date (has links)
科技媒體看似創新,實際上卻不斷重拾基本人性與感官習慣,人類文明演進因而呈現永恆回歸的螺旋。十九世紀末的電影發明似乎新穎,但實際上卻是利用新技術來重現人們眼中的「自然」。電腦網絡彷彿是嶄新概念;然而虛擬空間卻源自對現實空間的複製、強化與變形。網絡文化日新月異,最後脫穎而出的卻是部落格、影像分享或播客。高度複雜的媒體演化,最後竟整合了各種傳統媒體的特色,並且重拾了最簡單的表達與溝通模式。媒體重建視聽感官,不斷貼近符合自然的環境。
文學創作的演進,也與媒體科技共同演化,而走向「回歸」之路。看似以線性發展的文類,其實不斷環繞著「口語回歸」的中心,以螺旋方式演進。在這樣的螺旋中,經典內容不斷被吸納進入新的媒體,形成文化演進的動力。從戲劇、詩詞到小說,似乎從口語推進至書寫與印刷;但二十世紀的廣播、電影與電視,乃至於電腦網絡,卻將文學重新帶回口語場域。這不禁讓人思考,創新並非進步的真正動力;反倒是新舊混雜、多元流動的媒體整合,才能在跨越文類疆界後,重新尋回最貼近人性的藝術表現形式。
類似的跨文類與媒體整合現象,可從狄更斯作品在不同媒體的流動中見到端倪。狄更斯不但是位傑出的小說家,同時也是出色的演員以及雜誌經營者。他那跨越文類的創作活力,使其作品於媒體演進的過程中,不斷被吸納更新。狄更斯的跨文類網絡提供了一個具體而微的模型,足以檢視媒體整合的歷史演進,以及科技重拾人類自然溝通模式的不同階段。本論文旨在研究狄更斯小說與媒體整合之間的微妙關係,藉此觀察媒體整合感官的進程。論文將分為四大部分。
首先,狄更斯深受劇場傳統影響,而他的小說也經常被改編成為維多利亞通俗劇,這反映了經典內容於書寫(小說)與口語(戲劇)間擺盪的流動性。在小說興起的時代,書寫作品經常被搬上舞台,回歸最直覺的視聽環境,而一般大眾不但熱衷劇場,同時也習慣以劇場經驗來閱讀小說。這種「書寫」與「口語」相互滲透的現象,證明了口語文化的強韌性,也反映出「口語回歸」的趨勢。
其次,狄更斯大眾說書的空前成功,不但說明了觀眾對於視聽表演的熱愛,也暗示著作者試圖從書寫形式外尋求更多創作可能的嘗試。更重要的是,這代表了作者從十九世紀書寫印刷技術回歸吟遊詩人傳統的潛在慾望。透過反覆刪編與練習,狄更斯無須像史詩吟唱者般口頭記頌,而得以藉文字幫助強化表演的變化性與靈活度。透過舞台符號的暗示,狄更斯同時又策略性維護了自身「文化菁英」的形象,在口語與書寫間,取得了策略性的平衡。
第三,狄更斯小說被改編成為電影的過程,顯示了文字被搬上螢幕時所產生的複雜文類互動與媒體間的交互滲透,而作者的敘述技法,則直接影響了許多電影先驅的運鏡與影像語言。攝影機實現了文字藝術所無法表達的事物,然而文字卻馳騁想像,啟發了電影場面調度的概念。本文將觀察狄更斯小說於十九世紀連載時,小說與插圖間的微妙關係,以及小說敘述中的視覺元素,檢視其對於二十世紀電影改編的影響。然而,文字述刺激想像;但電影卻直接將影像呈現於眼前。倘若文字的「留白」是意猶未盡的空間,那麼過於露骨的影像,卻可能剝奪想像的彈性,這是媒體創作必須省思的課題。
最後,本文將研究狄更斯於網際網絡上以不同形式出現的現象,並解讀其在媒體整合中所代表的意義。除提供狄更斯資源的學術網站外,網絡上的電子書與有聲書也同時可見於網絡資源中,甚至許多部落格也提供個人製作的狄更斯改編影片。邇來盛行的「播客」,將數位科技帶往了口語表達的方向,傳統的文字創作開始成為有聲媒體的重要內容,經典作品被數位化、有聲化、影像化,朝更加貼近人性以及自然溝通環境的方向發展。。
狄更斯小說的跨文類網絡提供了一個具體而微的跨媒體網絡模型,透過此模型,我們可以更清楚地觀察媒體整合與演進的歷程,並觀察其不斷回歸的螺懸。近年來文學研究日漸偏向科際整合、媒體整合的文化研究發展,然而也因此不免陷入了自我定義的危機。狄更斯的跨媒體現象足以提供文學研究者一個未來文學與文類發展的可能方向,並於此機械複製的時代,為文學的發展提出可能的解答。 / Media never really innovate; they actually restore the natural balance of human eyesight and earshot with the hybridization of various perceptive elements. For instance, cinema was regarded as an invention in the late nineteenth century, but it only reflected the natural environment people observed with their pre-wired biological perceptions. Cyberspace may appear innovative to us, yet the “Virtual Reality” is still the duplication, amplification or transformation of the nature. The Internet optimists had once dreamt about immense possibilities; the real application of blog, video sharing and podcast, however, merely hybridizes the existent audio and video media. The most sophisticated technologies always aim to approximate the natural mode of human perception, which makes the evolution of media more a spiral that constantly returns to the natural habits than a linear progress into the future.
Similarly, literature co-evolves with media to restore the most natural elements — the oral tradition, primary or secondary as it may be, is thus perennial in all literary genres. The evolution seems to advance in a linear pattern; it, nevertheless, revolves around the center of orality and progresses in an anthropotropic spiral, where the classic motifs in various works are sucked and hybridized. Although the canonical transition from drama, poetry to novel sacrifices the natural oral-aural environment to the stable storage in words, the twentieth-century literary representation on radio, film, television and the Internet eventually restore the classic contents in the audio-visual environment. Such a spiral invites us to speculate an essential question: the technological innovation may not be the only dynamic to propel the evolution; instead, it is the restoration of the human-friendly environment that validates the value of the new media.
Similar restoration and hybridization can also be observed in the transformation of Charles Dickens’s works into various genres. Dickens is not only an outstanding novelist but also a brilliant performer and an influential magazine entrepreneur. The vitality of his works transcends varieties of literary genres and is absorbed into innumerable modern media as the technology advances. Dickens’s transgeneric network provides a model to observe the transition of media hybridization when the modern technology restores the human natural communication. This dissertation aims to analyze the delicate relationship between Dickens’s novels and the continuous consolidation of human sensory perceptions in various media. My research will be divided into four main categories:
First, it will study Dickens’s indebtedness to the tradition of theater and the nineteenth-century melodramatic adaptation of his works to see how the contents of the classic literature oscillate between the pure written form (novels) and the residual of the oral performance (melodrama). The study of such a complicated relationship helps clarify Dickens’s transgeneric metamorphosis profoundly influenced by the social milieu and the mass entertainment in the Victorian period.
Second, the success of Dickens’s Public Readings not only epitomizes the audience’s craze for the audio-visual performance but also suggests the author’s endeavors to seek more creative possibilities besides the writing format. More importantly, this singular phenomenon represents the social collective unconsciousness, though repressed by the dominant culture of typography, to return to the ancient tradition of minstrels and bards. Through meticulous editing and intensive rehearsal, Dickens was able to perform with more improvisation and higher accuracy. Furthermore, with a series of symbols onstage, he strategically maintained his identity as a cultural elite and meanwhile enjoyed the ecstasy of orality. Dickens’s unique strategy to reach the equilibrium between orality and literacy will also be analyzed in the dissertation.
Third, several film and television adaptations of Dickens’s works will be examined to show the modern transition of his stories from the written genre to the audio-visual media. Dickens directly influenced many cinematic forerunners, and the film fulfills the imagination of the author, which could not be realized on the written page. Furthermore, the cooperation of the novelist and the illustrators in the Victorian magazine serialization will also be analyzed to see how the illustrations inspire the later design of movies on screen. However, the “un-represented” may more often than not be more pregnant with meanings than the explicit representation on screen. Therefore, it will be an important issue to re-consider the meaning of recollecting the natural environment in the literary creation.
The final analysis concentrates upon Dickens’s works in the cyberspace, monitoring his afterlife in this cutting-edge medium. Besides the websites that contain the scholarly resources, the old radio clips that recite Dickens’s works and the hypertext reproduction of the novels are all juxtaposed in the virtual space. Moreover, many personal blogs provide their own video adaptations, and the other productions such as the podcast become popular on the Internet. The reincarnation of Dickens’s works in the cyberspace represents the novelist’s unique status as the “cultural modem” that bridges the gaps separation the past, present and future. His works epitomize a clear lineage of the technological transition that endeavors to recollect the most instinctive pattern of human cognition.
The transformation of Dickens’s works into so many genres forms a transgeneric network that could help envision the hybridization of media in the literary history. When literature tends to include all media into its field of study, it sometimes undergoes a severe crisis of self-definition. Dickens’s model may provide some clues to envisage the future development of the literary genres in the age of mechanic reproduction.
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手機、青少女與日常生活:手機使用對外在結構的抗衡 / Mobile phone, teenage girls and everyday life:the use of mobile as the resistance to social structure羅紓筠, Lo, Shu Yun Unknown Date (has links)
本研究關注「手機使用」與「青少女日常生活脈絡」交互作用之下,編織出的文化意義,企圖理解手機這項媒體科技,如何嵌入青少女受制的文化結構裡,甚至成為無形的武器,被青少女挪用來與成人所建立的結構抗衡。
本研究首先探索青少女在日常生活中使用、挪用、與棄用手機的方式,並收集青少女手機內外的各種文本,進一步探究這些實踐與文本背後的動機與對青少女的意義,以找尋青少女在成人制定的結構中所處的位置。再以Lefebvre與de Certeau的日常生活理論,探討青少女藉由手機使用,展現出的能動性與抵抗結構的意涵。
本研究採質化研究取向,使用深度訪談法,並現場記錄蒐集青少女手機實踐的相關實物文本,最後輔以受訪者的一週手機使用日誌,將此三類資料交互分析論證。
研究發現,手機一方面型塑青少女日常生活在結構中循環的秩序與過程,另一方面卻也成為青少女與結構相抗衡、擾動秩序的資源。青少女藉由手機的集體使用,在分享與認同中形成與結構抗衡的基礎,並發展出在限制中游擊的戰術。此外,青少女也經由手機的使用,自行定義生命中的重要事件與場景,突破預先被結構設定的意義,讓詮釋、定義生活的權力,下放至青少女手中。 / Based on the theories about “everyday life” suggested by Lefebvre and de Certeau, this study aims at explicating how teenage girls appropriate mobile phones to overcome the limitations in their everyday lives. Rather than disrupting the norms, teenage girls establish the full-time intimate community with their peer group by mobile practice to form a concealed, local “tactic” to undermine the adult-controlled structures that govern their lives. For teenage girls, the characteristics of mobile phones and mobile communication are not inherent in the device, but are determined by social and cultural context and power relations in everyday life.
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評估成功的破壞性創新的關鍵構面-以VoIP為例陳又慈, Chen, Yu Tzu Unknown Date (has links)
歷史上出現許多既有領導企業被新興企業取代的例子,其背後的原因一直引起高度興趣。Christensen (1997)提出的破壞性科技 (disruptive technology)觀念為此現象提供一個解釋的方向。自破壞性創新的提出以來,已有眾多學者投入相關研究探討,但至今尚無一個廣泛被學界所接受且可適用於不同產業的模型,因此仍迫切需要更多的研究投入和實務驗證。評估破壞性創新的困難,就如預測未來般充滿著不確定性。對既有企業而言,藉由評估破壞性創新,可以對即將面對的衝擊早一步採取因應措施,使競爭優勢得以維持;對新興企業而言,評估破壞性創新即是找出成長的利基,並可依此進入主流市場甚至擊倒既有領導企業。
有鑑於評估破壞性創新的重要性和困難度,本研究提出評估成功的破壞性創新時應考量的關鍵構面,包含創新提供的性能對應於主流市場的需求、低價格或創造新的價值、市場擴散速度、以及社會環境。本研究以VoIP產業為破壞性創新個案來驗證各項構面。研究結果顯示PSTN的通話品質和功能已超過既有需求,讓VoIP有進入低階市場的機會。同時現階段VoIP的通話品質已可滿足大眾主流市場的需求,並提供較便宜的解決方案。尤其對既有網路人口而言,VoIP不僅是便宜且簡易的解決方案,更提供了多項應用服務的整合。VoIP破壞性創新正在市場上快速擴散,尤其在美國與歐洲等地區。透過評估構面的提出,使評估成功的破壞性創新能以更系統化的方式進行。評估構面的提出可為未來完整模型的建立提供一個發展方向,同時提供一個分析創新潛力的方法,產業界可以依據分析後的結果擬定相關策略。
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數位時代科技保護措施對著作權的影響與因應--從利益平衡出發蔡馨惠 Unknown Date (has links)
數位網路環境創造了流通發達的數位傳輸,促進公眾使用資訊的便利,但相反的也大開不法侵害著作權的途徑,直接或間接影響著作人權益甚為鉅大。
近年來,著作權人為求自救,在著作權法還不及全面性修正前,只能嘗試利用科技的方式設置科技保護措施,防止其著作於數位網路環境下被不法接觸、重製與散布。然而科技中立性,各類型之科技保護措施卻因科技的進步,產生惡性之科技競賽,紛紛遭受破解與規避,根本無法達到著作權人實質保護著作之目的。著作權人所面臨之困境最終引起國際間的重視,各國紛紛在爭議中修法將科技保護措施納入著作權法的保護範圍。
然而從立法中可知,迫於著作輸出大國等壓力,各國之反規避條款似有越發過度保障著作權人利益之趨勢,繼而使憲法、著作權法所要保障公眾、使用人之權益萎縮至零,嚴重破壞著作權法之基本原則—利益平衡,不但對使用人之合理使用範圍產生影響,亦可能被利用作為限制競爭之工具,對自由競爭甚至產業創新產生影響,反而有害於文化、科技之傳延與發展。
本文針對科技保護措施之相關立法議題上著重在以利益平衡的焦點出發,站在法律經濟學之角度,以成本與效益分析方法論述應如何進行公益與私益間之平衡,並且探討影響數位科技時代著作權法演變及科技保護措施納入著作權法保護之成本與效益因素。並參酌諸多爭議,提出些許修改方向之建議,以期能平衡著作權人權益與促進文化科技發展,達到均贏局面。
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影音分享網站使用者意圖之研究 / A study of user intention on video sharing website張書勳, Chang, Shu Hsun Unknown Date (has links)
網路科技不斷進步,服務創新與商業模式陸續推出。線上影音分享網站為目前當紅的領域,但對於網站該如何設計以及使用者為何使用影音分享網站都未有明確準則。因此本研究藉由科技接受行為相關理論的回顧,配合影音分享網站之特性,以Davis(1989)的科技接受模式為基礎,結合相關重要變數,提出概念性架構。目的為找出可能影響網站使用者的相關變數、並瞭解Web2.0影音網站使用者之使用意圖。
實驗方法採用線上問卷方式,在回收的501份問卷中,得到492份有效問卷,以結構方程模式進行研究模式分析。分析結果顯示,研究模式之適配度均達到應有標準。
研究結論章節中會說明本研究之管理意涵,並將研究結果提供給未來欲設立Web2.0影音分享網站的設計者,在網站建立初期,將有限資源投注在重要的變數上,使網站可達到最大效益。 / As the advance of Internet technology continues new business models are emerging in the market. Online video sharing website is the hottest application nowadays, but there is little study on designing the website and why the users using the website. In this research, we propose a conceptual model based on the technology acceptance model developed by Davis (1989) and this model integrating the important variables due to the extant research of relevant theory of technology acceptance and characteristics of video sharing website. The data collection was used the online survey, and we got the 492 eligible data and the analysis was used the Structural Equation Model (SEM). According to the result, the model fit was qualified. This research will give some management implication for designers who want to set up a video sharing website, this research provides the information on how to invest the limited resource on the critical variables in order to maximize the service value in the conclusion section in this paper.
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提升台灣競爭力:加台資訊科技產業合作 / Enhancing Taiwan's Competitiveness through Canada-Taiwan ICT Industry Cooperation李艾, Ashley Stead Unknown Date (has links)
台灣是一個健全的資訊傳播科技產品代工樞紐,而加拿大正試圖推動資訊傳播科技的創新同時也是台灣的一個主要貿易夥伴與合作者,兩國有機會增進在資訊傳播科技的合作。本論文將評估兩國資訊傳播科技在產業、企業、政府三個層次合作的現況,目的是要發掘台灣如何能夠透過與加拿大進一步的合作,以確保台灣在資訊傳播科技產業的競爭力。論文探討下述研究問題:加拿大與台灣的進一步合作,是如何可以增進台灣在資訊傳播科技產業的創新以確保台灣的競爭力。論文以質化分析兩國的資訊傳播科技產業,來查明優勢與限制和雙方合作的現況。研究結果顯示加拿大與台灣在資訊傳播科技產業是有互補性的夥伴,並有堅實的基礎推動合作、研發與加強創新,而透過開發新的產品、服務與技術,政府與企業合作可以加強台灣資訊傳播科技產業的競爭力。 / Taiwan is an established contract hub for the manufacturing of information and communication technologies (ICT). As Canada aims to promote innovation in its ICT industry and as a major trading partner and collaborator with Taiwan, there is opportunity for both countries to increase cooperation in this industry. This thesis will assess the current level of cooperation between the two countries’ ICT industries, ICT companies and governments. The purpose is to determine how Taiwan can maintain its ICT competitiveness through enhanced Canada-Taiwan ICT industry cooperation. The following research question will be analyzed: How can enhanced ICT cooperation and collaboration in research and development between Canada and Taiwan improve innovation in Taiwan’s ICT industry in order to remain competitive? The thesis will use a qualitative analysis of both industries to determine strengths and weaknesses. Current cooperation in bilateral relations between them will be examined. Findings demonstrate that Canada and Taiwan have complementary ICT industries for partnerships and strong foundations which can promote further cooperation, research and development, and bolster innovation. Strong government level and company level cooperation will enhance Taiwan’s ICT competitiveness by creating new products, services and technologies.
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台灣法人科專計畫與科技部計畫之資源錯置研究:以專利價值指標為研發產出 / Misallocation of technology development programs and ministry of science and Technology’s programs: using patent value index as the R&D output王郁棋, Wang, Yu Chi Unknown Date (has links)
近年創新研發相關文獻指出創新政策可能因政策不一致性及資源被不適任者所佔有等因素而宣告失敗。其中「資源錯置」此議題乃最為大眾所關注,因此本研究採用Hsieh and Klenow(2009)的資源配置效率模型以檢視台灣兩大科技計畫─「法人科專計畫」與「科技部計畫」是否有資源錯置之情事,以確保我國科技計畫之成效。結果指出,科技部計畫之資源配置效率相對於法人科專計畫較為不穩定,主因為科技部計畫執行機構多為學術型機構,其專利產值較易浮動。研究後續進一步分析兩大計畫底下各機構之扭曲程度。法人科專部份,工研院長期為正向扭曲,中科院則長期為負向扭曲,其正負之差異源自於機構的研發屬性不同;科技部計畫部份,各機構扭曲程度波動較大,乃受到機構研究目的與發表形式差異所導致。本文受限於利用專利作為產出衡量,無法提供科技部計畫全面性的評估觀點。未來若能納入人文社會科學領域且綜合其他學術指標做為產出衡量,將能提供更完整的科技部計畫資源配置效率分析,提供更精確之政策建議。 / Past literature has sounded an alarm to the failure of innovation and warned that policy inconsistency and misallocated innovation inputs as two major reasons to fail innovation. Since Taiwanese government had consistent support over research and development via policy support, this research has focused on the issues of innovation input distortions. In this thesis, the "Technology Development Program (TDP)" supported by Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA) as well as endowment projects financed by Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) are utilized as the research target to investigate the innovation efficiency. The results in this research suggest that TDP has stably higher performance than the MOST-financed projects. TDP projects are executed as more business-related uses while MOST-financed projects usually focus more on the fundamental technological breakthroughs. Besides, the results also suggest that the innovation objectives set by different institutions are crucial to the current innovation efficiency measure. For example, the TDP projects executed by Industrial Technology Research Institute, a commercial technology developer, record less distortions than other TDP projects granted to other institutions responsible for national defense development. This would shed light on the more aligned innovation objective setup and the following innovation resource allocation.
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