連接器的應用範圍廣泛，幾乎所有電子產品與設備都少不了連接器的存在，在越來越多變、變化越來越快的商業環境中，面對台灣電子產業的發展與轉型，連接器已逐漸擺脫原先傳統電腦應用領域的主要重心，而走入多元化應用時代，連接器產品逐漸跨入了網路通訊、智慧型行動電話以及平板電腦等非個人電腦的行業中，也從傳統簡單連接傳輸應用朝向高精度技術本位的產品方向發展。面臨市場需求改變，連接器廠商如何轉型及運用行銷策略以維持或提升營運成效，是值得深入探討的課題。 本研究將利用個案公司所提供之客戶訂單交易資料，其中，交易資料包含客戶名稱、商品種類、商品名稱、出貨數量、出貨單價、外幣含稅金額、本幣未稅金額及及銷售模式等資料，據以透過集群分析及平均數檢定等方法的應用，探討連接器行銷策略對其營運成效的影響，研究發現概述如下： 一、 A科技公司在行銷策略前、後的營運成效沒有顯著差異。 二、 DDR為A科技公司之訂單多數的商品種類。 三、 商品種類RF在行銷策略後的營運成效較佳。 四、 行銷策略前、後之二階段集群分析的分類結果不同。

本研究旨在探討以中文為母語之四歲兒童其表現在故事敘述中之連接性。研究語料來自兒童語言資料交換系統（CHILDES）。根據Trabasso and Sperry (1985)、Chang (2004)等學者提出之分析方法，對四歲兒童的故事連接性及因果關係的語言標記進行分析之後，本研究發現在四歲的孩子的故事敘述中，往往包含了約35.89個事件，而每一個事件常有與其他僅一個事件有相互的因果關係，最常出現的事件關係類型是賦予能力關係（enablement）及動機關係（motivation）；最常被使用的語言標記是時序連接詞（temporal connectives）及零連接詞（zero connectives）。本研究之發現為兒童敘事連接性議題提供了中文的研究結果及證據。 / This study investigates Mandarin-speaking four-year-old preschoolers’ performance of story narrating by examining narrative connectivity. Thirty pieces of Mandarin Chinese data provided by children aged 4;0 to 4;11 were collected from the Child Language Data Exchange System (CHILDES). Data was analyzed following several frameworks (e.g., Trabasso and Sperry, 1985; Chang, 2004). Results show that the four-year-old children tended to produce 35.89 events when depicting a story, and each narrative event usually had one connection to or from other events. Among the events, the most frequently found connection types were enablement and motivation; the most frequently observed linguistic devices marking connectivity were temporal connectives and zero connectives. The findings provide Mandarin Chinese results and evidence under the topic of children’s narrative connectivity.

本篇論文的主旨在研究「也」「又」「還」三個連接詞在漢語敘述文中的 篇章功能。過去對於這三個連接詞的研究，多半偏向句法和語意關係的探 討，而事實上，我們還可以從另一個角度來分析這三個連接詞，那就是探 討它們的篇章功能。研究這三個連接詞的篇章功能之前，我們首先根據 Matthiessen 和 Thompson 的模式分析了漢語句群間的凝聚關係(text relations among combined clauses)。 此一分析不僅進一步證明「也」 「又」「還」確實可以作為連接詞使用，同時更清楚地呈現出「也」「又 」「還」所連接的子句之間的關係，以及這些子句本身與其前後子句所形 成的凝聚關係。「也」「又」「還」作連接詞用時，是用來連接一組語意 相關的子句。它們都可以用來表示聯合關係；不過，「也」和「又」還可 以用來表示對照關係。表示聯合關係時，「也」連接二個或二個以上平列 的子句；「又」也是連接平列的子句，然而「又」進一步加強這些子句所 呈現的聯合關係；「還」連接帶有輕重之別的子句。至於如何知道「又」 所加強的是什麼，以及如何決定那個子句比較重，這都得依上下文而定。 表示對照關係時，「也」和「又」都是用來連接二個看似相反，而實質上 卻相輔相成的子句，差別是「又」所連接的二個子句呈現出說話者矛盾的 心理狀態。上文所提出的假設，經由我們分析書寫的語料而獲得驗證。除 此之外，我們還做了一項問卷調查，目的在測試中國人如何使用這三個連 接詞，這項問卷的結果顯示我們的假設大致正確。最後，我們依據語料的 分析及問卷結果的討論，將上文所提的假設做了小幅度的修正，使其更能 明確地說明這三個連接詞的篇章功能。

本研究旨在探討漢語母子對話中兒童「然後」的使用與其功能。研究語料來自於八位年齡介於兩歲七個月到五歲四個月的兒童，並分成兩組：年紀較小之兒童(平均兩歲十一個月)與年紀較大之兒童(平均四歲十個月)。本研究主要根據Su (1998)的分類，把兒童「然後」分為連接詞(connective)及言談標記(discourse marker)的使用。連接詞的使用有時間性(temporal)、遞增性(additive)、因果性(causal)及轉折性(contrast)四項功能。言談標記的使用有填補語(verbal filler)、主題接續(topic succession)及主題再開(resumptive opener)三項功能。研究結果顯示年紀較大之組的兒童使用「然後」的次數較多。隨著兒童年齡增長，言談標記使用的增加比連接詞的增加還多。「然後」當連接詞時，時間性功能使用得最多。與Yeh (2011)「然後」在敘述文中的研究比較，其顯示出「然後」在敘述文中出現得比在對話中還多。另外，時間性功能隨著年紀減少，而遞增性及因果性隨著年齡增加，可用Winskel (2003)的「概念複雜性」(conceptual complexity)來解釋。「然後」當言談標記時，兒童填補語使用得最多，其隨著年紀增加而減少使用。主題再開兩組都使用得少，而主題接續只出現在年紀較大之組別。總結，兒童在「然後」的使用上有發展上的不同。 / The study investigated Mandarin-speaking children’s different use of ranhou at different ages in mother-child conversations. Eight subjects aged from 2;7 to 5;4 were divided into two groups; a younger group (mean age: 2;11) and an older group (mean age: 4;10). In this study, the children’s use of ranhou was categorized into connective use and discourse marker use, mainly based on Su’s (1998) classification. The connective use of ranhou includes temporal, additive, causal, and contrast functions. The discourse marker use of ranhou contains verbal filler, topic succession, and resumptive opener functions. The results showed that older children used more tokens of ranhou than younger children. As children got older, the discourse marker use of ranhou increased much more than the connective use of ranhou. In the connective use of ranhou, temporal ranhou was the most frequent function. Compared with Yeh’s (2011) study of ranhou in narratives, it may be suggested that ranhou occurs more in narratives and less in conversations. Additionally, the temporal function decreased with age whereas the additive and causal functions increased with age, which could be explained by Winskel’s (2003) conceptual complexity. In the discourse marker use of ranhou, the verbal filler function was used the most and decreased with age. The tokens of the resumptive opener function were few in both groups, and the topic succession function only occurred in the older group. To conclude, the results suggest that there is a developmental difference in children’s use of ranhou.

全球電子產業發展日趨快速，產值日益增加，連接器亦屬於電子產品中的關鍵零組件，台灣連接器產業中，產品範疇廣大、種類繁多，各家公司規模大小差距甚大，各自發展屬於自己的利基型市場，經營模式也大不相同。所以，此研究將以電子連接器產業為研究調查之對象，以個案公司為例，利用SWOT分析法，描述三種不同經營模式-代理(Agency)、委外(Outsourcing)與自製(In-House Production)，所遇到的優勢、劣勢與機會、威脅。 本研究並歸納出，三種不同的經營模式，在經營模式上的優點與缺點，以個案公司在各階段經營模式內遇到的決策議題與經營方針來說明，本研究最後發現，個案公司是連接器產業中同時存在三種經營模式的特殊案例，三種經營模式互補，利用各經營模式優勢輔以個案公司業務推展能力，發揮三種經營模式之综效，讓個案公司有突破性的經營成長績效。 / In the rapidly developing global electronic industry with ever increasing output, the connectors are key components of all electronic products. Taiwan’s connector industry has been providing the global electronic market with varieties of products covering a comprehensive spectrum of applications, with providers differing vastly in their sizes, market niches and business models. This research aims to study the electronic connector industry by conducting SWOT analysis on a case company, to examine the strength/weakness and opportunity/threat faced by the company when taking each of three possible business models: agency, outsourcing and in-house production. This research is summarized by describing the pros and cons of three business models using decision issues and business policies which the case company encounters at each stage of business model. This research also discovers that the case company is special in the connector industry being the sole company operating simultaneously on three models that mutually complement one another with individual advantage boosted by the company’s business promotion capability to gain synergy of the three models. Through the synergy, the company is able to achieve breakthrough in business growth.

No description available.

都市土地遠距連接概念在國際間提出，核心概念為一地之土地使用變遷可能來自於遠距地區之影響，與過去認為土地使用變遷係受周遭地區之影響有所差異。國際上探討其相關主題的文章有日漸增加的趨勢，且多數文章皆提到交通設施於都市土地遠距連接扮演重要角色。然而目前對於都市土地遠距連接多處於概念性探討階段，國內外並未曾出現實證研究來對此概念進行驗證，因此本研究嘗試從交通與土地使用的概念切入，針對都市土地遠距連接進行實證分析。 本研究選擇台灣本島地區349個鄉鎮市區作為研究對象，應用多階層線性模型（Hierarchical Linear Modeling, HLM）分析民國95年至105間高速公路與都市土地遠距連接的關係。模型變數包含建成地面積變化、可及性相關指標及吸引力相關指標。 實證模型顯示，高速公路興建增加之可及性與都市土地遠距連接間呈現負向關係，但其係數趨近於0，表示影響極小，而地方吸引力與都市土地遠距連接間呈現正向關係，且係數大於0。根據模型得到以下結論，高速公路的興建對於都市土地遠距連接之影響程度有限，而地方吸引力對於都市土地遠距連接具有較大的影響。 / The concept of urban land teleconnection has been proposed internationally, and the core concept is that land use change may come from the impact of remote areas, which is different from the existing theory that land use change results from the influence of surrounding areas. There is an increasing amount of articles talking about urban land teleconnection in recent years and most of these articles refer to the important role of transport facilities in urban land teleconnection. However, at present, there are no empirical studies to verify the urban land teleconnection. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to conduct an empirical research to analyze the urban land teleconnection from the transportation and land use point of view. In this study, hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), which uses the dataset collected in Taiwan’s 349 townships from 2006 to 2016, is applied to analyze the relationship between the highway and urban land teleconnection. In hierarchical linear modeling, the variables include the variation of the built environment, the variation of accessibility caused by the highway construction and the attraction factors. The empirical model shows that the variation of accessibility caused by the highway construction has a negative relationship with the urban land teleconnection, but the influence is negligible. Nevertheless, there is an obvious positive relationship between the attraction factors and the urban land teleconnection. According to the model, the construction of highways has a limited influence on the urban land teleconnection, but the attraction factors have a great influence on the urban land teleconnection.

本文主要討論組可分處理集區設計當同一集區內漏失ｔ個對照處理時之連接穩健性，以及當漏失整個集區時之連接穩健性並且（１）令屬於同組別之試驗處理於同集區內一起出現之次數於零的條件下，分別將組可分處裡集區設計當同一集區內漏失ｔ個對照處理以及當漏失整個集區時之效率值確實解出。（２）令屬於不同組別之試驗處理於同集區內一起出現之次數為零的條件下，分別將組可分處裡集區設計當同一集區內漏失ｔ個對照處理以及當漏失整個集區時之效率值確實解出。

某些字彙可預告句子間的關係及文章架構。這些特殊的預測性字彙包含了連接詞及一部份的名詞、動詞、形容詞及副詞。本研究的目的是探討學習這類預測性字彙在提昇學生閱讀能力的成效。 研究對象是桃園縣某所高中104位三年級學生。研究主要工具包括一份評估學生閱讀能力的全民英檢考題；兩份問卷用來調查學生對於預測性字彙及文章架構的認知；及最後進行的訪談以了解教學成效。研究過程分為三個步驟: (1)前測--- 閱讀能力測驗及問卷。以測驗成績將分數高於平均的學生分至A組而分數低於平均的學生分至B組，來調查不同程度的學生對此教學的回應有無任何差異。而問卷則是調查學生對所要教授的預測性字彙及文章架構有無任何背景知識 (2)教學實驗---為期四個月的預測性字彙與文章結構教學 (3)後測--- 問卷及個別訪談，以瞭解學生在學過預測性字彙與文章結構後，在提昇閱讀能力方面有無任何成效。 研究結果發現，此教學實驗對學生的英文閱讀能力有正面影響。學生回應在閱讀時的速度及在興趣和信心這兩方面都比在接受教學之前提升。A組的學生在有關篇章結構的閱讀測驗題目中表現較B組學生好。同時A組的學生也比較知道如何使用預測性字彙來解析文章結構。至於學生常用的字彙為連接詞。 / Certain lexical items are strongly associated with identifiable clause and textual patterns. In other words, they represent the organization of discourse. These words include connectives and a set of open-system vocabulary with similar properties like connectives. The purpose of the study is to investigate how the instruction in lexical signals and pattern may facilitate reading comprehension. The researcher also examines what kind of predictive words are used most frequently in the process. One hundred and four students, from a senior high school in Taoyuan, were the participants of the study. The reading comprehension test of GEPT, intermediate level (LTTC, 2002), was used to classify the subjects into two sub-groups before the instruction. Group A was the one with the scores above the mean of the test scores. Group B was the one with the scores below the mean. The researcher classified the two groups so as to examine if the subjects in the two groups had any different feedback or response to the instruction. A questionnaire was applied to investigate if the subjects had any idea about the use of signals and patterns before the instruction. Then, a four-month signal and pattern instruction was conducted on all the participants in the study. After the instruction, the second questionnaire was applied to the subjects to gather their feedbacks and responses to the instruction. Furthermore, 30 subjects were randomly selected for interview to get in-depth information for qualitative analysis. The results show the instruction had a positive effect on the subjects when they read English texts. Their reading speed, interests and confidence increased after the teaching of organizing signals and text patterns. And they were confident in using signals to spell out clause patterns. However, some of the subjects had problems of identifying textual patterns, which usually involve several clause patterns combined together to form a text. The signals they used most frequently were connectives, the most overt signals in texts. And the subjects in Group A performed better than those in Group B when making use of predictive signals to spell out patterns. The result shows a strong relationship between the subjects’ English proficiency level and their manipulation of discourse-organizing words and textual patterns.

本研究的研究目的，主要在討論台商赴大陸投資究竟對其經營績效產生如何的影響。在本研究中，將台商對大陸投資定義為台商將主要的經營據點設在大陸。本研究依據研究目的設計問卷，所設計的問卷總計14項問題，在進行問卷調查的過程中，共有103家台灣連接器廠商願意參與本研究的問卷調查。經過排除一些填寫資料不全與資料謬誤的樣本後，本研究最後利用99家台灣連接器廠商的問卷結果進行分析。 利用DEA方法估算台灣99家連接器廠商的技術效率（TE）、純技術效率（PTE）、規模效率（SE），再利用此TE、PTE與SE做為被解釋變數的Tobit-Censoring模型進行估計，藉以瞭解台灣連接器廠商赴大陸投資對其經營績效的影響。每一個效率指標都進行兩個模型估計，其一是以將主要營運地點設立在中國大陸的虛擬變數表示對大陸投資，其二是進一步將是主要營運地點設立在中國大陸的虛擬變數以六個大陸城市的虛擬變數來取代，分別為上海市、昆山市、東莞市、深圳市、廣州市、蘇州市。 本研究的主要發現為，台灣連接器廠商是否將主要的營運地點設在中國大陸對其技術效率TE與純技術效率PTE並無影響，但對其規模效率SE的水準有提升的效果。但是，台灣連接器廠商將主要的營運地點設在大陸的東莞市，將有利於其技術效率TE水準；若將主要的營運地點設在大陸的廣州市，有利於其技術效率PTE水準。若將主要的營運地點設在大陸的上海市、東莞市、以及蘇州市，將有利於其規模效率SE的提升。因此，本研究建議，若台灣連接器廠商欲將主要的營運地點也設在中國大陸，政府應該以正面的態度視之。但必須注意的是，如何必免廠商因為將主要的營運地點也設在中國大陸，而將生產技術外溢至中國大陸，造成未來大陸的連接器廠商成為台灣連接器廠商在國際市場上的強競對手。