Submitted by Rafael Prado Guerra (rafaelpradoguerra@hotmail.com) on 2018-01-10T02:07:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 4. Dissertação - Dinâmicas de Mudança - RAFAEL GUERRA_v5.5.pdf: 3556474 bytes, checksum: 43308ba3310a430b0013913be13a52e8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2018-01-24T12:06:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 4. Dissertação - Dinâmicas de Mudança - RAFAEL GUERRA_v5.5.pdf: 3556474 bytes, checksum: 43308ba3310a430b0013913be13a52e8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-29T16:41:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4. Dissertação - Dinâmicas de Mudança - RAFAEL GUERRA_v5.5.pdf: 3556474 bytes, checksum: 43308ba3310a430b0013913be13a52e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-07 / The present study intends to analyze dynamics of change and continuity in crisis contexts, through a case study of a hybrid organization of the energy sector in an emerging country. It is investigated the recent creation process of the Controlling area (until then formally nonexistent), from a historical perspective of agency-structure, trying to identify hybrid dynamics and strategies of resistance-acceptance to the imposition of a new order, resulting from the exchange of management and organizational restructuring. Qualitative research methods were used, using in-depth interviews with the company high-level executives, through a semi-structured and open questions script, as well as documentary and bibliographic analysis of primary and secondary sources. It can be observed that the scenario of institutional and economic crisis through which the organization, the sector and the country were passing made possible the emergence of managerialist logics and financial perspectives, accelerating the processes of changes that were already underway. However, we observed resistance actions that reshaped the initially proposed design for organizational restructuring referenced to market benchmarks, in which interaction and negotiation between agents promoted hybridization processes of structures and strategies that re-adjusted the final configuration. The work approach can be characterized as a limiting factor in hindering a more active and prolific participation of the interviewees, since in addressing sensitive issues such as restructuring, strategy, changes, acceptance, resistance, among others, they may worry about preserving information secrecy, strategic data or specific knowledge for the organization, and in certain cases there may be a selectivity criterion regarding the responses granted. It contributes to the practice because it allows the understanding of acceptance-resistance dynamics to organizational change and the resolutions arising from the social interaction of agents in the corporate environment, as a way of providing subsidies to managers of hybrid organizations belonging to this and other sectors and countries. It also adds to the theory evidence regarding research linked to the critical perspective, in that it brings important elements and field data to academic discussion. / O presente trabalho pretende analisar dinâmicas de mudança e continuidade em contextos de crise, por meio de um estudo de caso de uma organização híbrida do setor de energia em um país emergente. Investiga-se o processo recente de criação da área de Controladoria (até então formalmente inexistente), sob uma perspectiva histórica de agência- estrutura, procurando identificar dinâmicas e estratégias híbridas de resistência-aceitação à imposição de uma nova ordem, advinda da troca de gestão e reestruturação organizacional. Metodologia – Os métodos de pesquisa utilizados foram qualitativos, através da realização de entrevistas em profundidade com executivos de alto nível gerencial da companhia, por meio de um roteiro semi-estruturado com questões abertas, bem como análise documental e bibliográfica de fontes primárias e secundárias. Constata-se que o cenário de crise institucional e econômica pela qual passavam a organização, o setor e o país possibilitaram a emergência de lógicas gerencialistas e perspectivas financistas, acelerando processos de mudanças que já se encontravam anteriormente em curso. No entanto, observaram-se ações de resistência que remodelaram o desenho inicialmente proposto para a reestruturação organizacional referenciada a benckmarks de mercado, em que a interação e negociação entre os agentes promoveu processos de hibridização de estruturas e estratégias que readequaram a configuração final. O enfoque do trabalho pode ser caracterizado como um fator de limitação ao dificultar uma participação mais ativa e prolífica dos entrevistados, já que ao abordar temas sensíveis como reestruturação, estratégia, mudanças, aceitação, resistência, dentre outros, podem preocupar-se em preservar informações sigilosas, dados estratégicos ou conhecimentos específicos para a organização, podendo haver em certos casos um critério de seletividade quanto às respostas concedidas. Contribui para a prática pois permite o entendimento de dinâmicas de aceitação-resistência à mudança organizacional e as resoluções advindas da interação social dos agentes no ambiente corporativo, como forma de fornecer subsídios a gestores de organizações híbridas pertencentes a este e outros setores e países. Também acrescenta à teoria evidências em relação às pesquisas vinculadas à perspectiva crítica, na medida em que traz elementos importantes e dados de campo à discussão acadêmica.

This thesis describes a research investigation into the implementation of the Last Planner System (LPS) in Nigeria, to improve construction processes within the Nigerian construction industry. LPS is known to be the most developed practical use of Lean Construction. It focuses on minimising the negative impacts of variability, uncertainties, buffers, making projects more predictable, creating reliable work plans and convalescing collaborative planning. However, the Nigerian construction industry is associated with a number of challenges which impair its performance. These challenges were grouped and classified into six major barriers: these include: supervision and quality control, fluctuation and variations, subcontractor involvement, resistance to change, cultural issues, and lengthy approvals. Consequently, a Design Science Research (DSR) approach is adopted to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing LPS in construction projects in Nigeria. In order to achieve this aim, an Action Research strategy is adopted and three case studies are reported; two of these cases describe how LPS was successfully implemented in construction projects within Nigeria. While the third case involved an investigation into the state of production plan reliability, of a successful project in Nigeria. These projects were selected based on non-probabilistic sampling from different geographical locations in Nigeria to represent different kinds of construction projects within the country. The first and second cases involved the implementation of LPS within the construction of a prototype student’s hostel and the construction a 4 Kilometre single carriageway road respectively. The third on the other hand involved the construction of a multipurpose hydro-power dam project; where comparisons were made between typical LPS projects and the project management techniques applied within the project. Data was collected through observation site activities, interviews, documentary analysis and questionnaire survey. The data generated was subsequently analysed by means of content analysis and evaluated in terms of its reliability, validity, representativeness, flexibility, rigour and reflexivity. In view of the LPS implementation within the two case studies, six barriers were identified and classified together with the six barriers associated with the Nigerian Construction industry. These barriers were linked, measured and ranked in averages of their degrees of occurrences. It was revealed that the major barriers were cultural issues and resistance to change, while the others include; lengthy approval, subcontractor’s involvement, poor supervision and quality, fluctuations and variations. Hence, a framework was developed to mitigate these barriers, when implementing LPS in construction projects in Nigeria. The main steps of the framework include: the need to identify purpose; the need to identify stakeholders impact; the need to obtain Sponsorship; the need to build a cross functional team; the need to create measurement indices; the need for training on Lean techniques and LPS; and finally the need to create a right working climate. Furthermore a focus group between construction practitioners was organised to test and evaluate the framework developed. It was revealed from the focus group that the framework has the potential to facilitate the implementation process as proposed.

Submitted by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2017-03-29T14:36:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2095880 bytes, checksum: 7df9cd0956f3bcaeef228a8765869a71 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-29T14:36:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2095880 bytes, checksum: 7df9cd0956f3bcaeef228a8765869a71 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-09 / This research emphasizes that the labor market is increasingly demanding and competitive, given that digital technologies change with significant speed, leading organizations to implement Information Systems that fit this reality. It emphasizes that the organizations when entering this technological scenario are faced with resistance to changes by human resources. I the present research aims to analyze factors that cause resistance to technological changes in the Division of Auxiliary Activities of the Federal University of Paraíba, aiming to provide means of overcoming this resistance, particularly, the Integrated System of Patrimony, Administration and Contracts. It points out that 12 servers, including two managers, constitute the sample of the research. The research is characterized as a case study which makes use of questionnaires and participant observation. As a research technique, it relies on Content Analysis. It concludes that the lack of planning, training, communication, organizational culture, digital limitations, service time and age of the servers are factors that cause resistance to change, and consequently, the implementation of Information System. It suggests that the higher levels of the University implement policies aimed at servers motivation, in the effective use of the Information System, through training and training courses capable of sensitizing them to the importance of technologies in the daily life of the organization and its human capital. / Esta pesquisa enfatiza que o mercado de trabalho está cada vez mais exigente e competitivo, haja vista que as tecnologias digitais mudam com uma velocidade significativa, levando as organizações a implementar sistemas de informação que se alinhem a essa realidade. Ressaltase que as organizações, ao adentrarem nesse cenário tecnológico, deparam-se com a resistência a mudanças por parte dos recursos humanos. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar fatores que causam resistência a mudanças tecnológicas na Divisão de Atividades Auxiliares da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, visando a proporcionar meios de superação a essa resistência, particularmente ao Sistema Integrado de Patrimônio, Administração e Contratos. A amostra da pesquisa está constituída por 12 servidores, incluindo dois gestores. A pesquisa se caracteriza como um estudo de caso que faz uso de questionários e observação participante. Como técnica de pesquisa, apoia-se na análise de conteúdo. Conclui-se que a falta de planejamento, capacitação, comunicação, cultura organizacional, limitações digitais, tempo de serviço e idade dos servidores são fatores que causam resistência à mudança, e consequentemente, a implementação de sistema de informação. Sugere-se que as instâncias superiores da Universidade implementem políticas voltadas para a motivação dos servidores, no uso efetivo do sistema de informação, por meio de treinamentos e cursos de capacitação capazes de sensibilizá-los para a importância das tecnologias no cotidiano da organização e do seu capital humano.

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo central investigar fatores que moderam a relação entre satisfação pós-recuperação e intenção de recompra no varejo online. Mais especificamente, esta pesquisa visa analisar se os construtos qualidade do relacionamento, resistência à mudança e motivo inferido moderam a relação entre satisfação com o gerenciamento de reclamações e intenção de recompra no varejo online. Para verificar tais moderações, inicialmente foi realizada a etapa exploratória de pesquisa, na qual, por meio de entrevistas em profundidade, evidenciou-se que as variáveis propostas poderiam moderar a relação entre a variável independente e dependente desta dissertação, bem como foi adicionado o construto valor econômico como possível moderador da relação entre satisfação pós-reclamação e intenção de recompra. Em seguida, para testar as hipóteses propostas foi aplicada uma survey junto a consumidores norte-americanos (N=500), operacionalizada com auxílio do Qualtrics, via Mechanical Turk. Como resultado dos testes, tem-se que a qualidade do relacionamento, o motivo inferido e a percepção de valor econômico moderam a relação entre satisfação pós-recuperação e intenção de recompra no varejo online, ou seja, podem explicar, em partes, a não linearidade da relação entre a variável independente e dependente desta pesquisa. Destaca-se ainda que as dimensões da qualidade do relacionamento (a saber: satisfação, confiança e comprometimento) sugeridas neste estudo também moderaram, individualmente, a relação entre a variável independente e dependente desta pesquisa. Sendo assim, esta dissertação contribuiu para a literatura de Marketing e comércio eletrônico ao evidenciar que tanto a qualidade do relacionamento, bem como as dimensões de satisfação, confiança e comprometimento moderam a relação entre satisfação com o gerenciamento de reclamações e intenção de recompra. Além disso, evidencia-se que a elevada percepção de valor econômico, e os motivos inferidos pelos clientes (se positivos), diante da falha inicial ocorrida, também podem sinalizar intenções de recompra dos consumidores junto a sites varejistas. / This dissertation aims to investigate factors that moderate the relationship between satisfaction with complaint handling and repurchase intention in online retail. More specifically, this research aims to examine whether the quality of the relationship constructs, resistance to change and inferred motive moderate the relationship between satisfaction with complaint handling and repurchase intention in online retail. To test such moderations, was taken an exploratory research stage through in-depth interviews in which it became clear that the proposed constructs could moderate the relationship between the independent and dependent variables of this dissertation, as well as the variable economic value was added as a possible moderator of the relationships between satisfaction with complaint handling and repurchase intention. Then, to test the hypotheses was applied a survey with online consumers (N=500) from United States, through Qualtrics and Mechanical Turk. The results indicate that the relationship quality, the inferred motive and the perceived economic value moderated the relationship between satisfaction with complaint handling and repurchase intention in online retail. It is emphasized that the dimensions of relationship quality (satisfaction, trust and commitment) suggested in this study also moderated, in an individual way, the relationship between the independent and dependent variables of this study. Thus, this dissertation has contributed to the literature of marketing and e-commerce by showing that both the relationship quality as well as the dimensions (satisfaction, trust and commitment) moderate the relationship between satisfaction with complaint handling and repurchase intention. Furthermore, it is evident that the high perceived economic value, and the motive inferred by customers (if positive), facing the initial failure occurred, can also indicate repurchase intentions of consumers with online retailers.

Orientador: Olga Rodrigues de Moraes Von Simson / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T05:39:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alvisi_LiliandeCassia_D.pdf: 30004664 bytes, checksum: b54afa3ad994381852133d6f55239e05 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Este projeto teve como objetivo discutir as implicações políticas no processo de organização de um memorial escolar, que resultou em um movimento de empoderamento de diferentes indivíduos ou grupos de uma determinada comunidade. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa ação que foi desenvolvida com o apoio de especialistas do Centro de Memória - Unicamp. As relações entre memória compartilhada, resistência política e empoderamento foram abordadas na pesquisa buscando promover debates e gerar contribuições tanto sobre atitudes já concretizadas ou ainda para orientar aquelas que serão tomadas coletivamente, no futuro. A iniciativa de organização de um memorial escolar partiu e está sendo executada por um grupo significativo e representativo da comunidade local, com ação participativa dos pesquisadores/técnicos do CM - Unicamp. Todo o processo de organização do Memorial Padre Carlos se valeu de táticas de resistência ante uma situação indesejada, que pudesse desvirtuar as propostas político-educativas da Escola Profissional Dom Bosco de Poços de Caldas, devido à inserção de membros da Congregação dos Salesianos nas atividades didático ¿ administrativas, após a morte de seus fundadores / Abstract: This project aimed to discuss the political implications during the process of organising a memorial of a school, which resulted in a movement of empowerment of different persons or groups of a particular community. This research was an engaged one, being developed with the assistance of specialists of the Centro de Memória ¿ Unicamp (Center of Memory - Unicamp). The relations between shared memory, resistance and political empowerment, in the research, tried to promote debates and generate contributions on attitudes already implemented and to guide those that will be taken collectively in the future. The initiative to organise a memorial in a school started and is being run by an important and representative group of the local community, with the participation of the researchers/ technicians from CM - Unicamp. The whole process of organising the ¿Memorial Padre Carlos¿ made use of tactics of resistance before an undesirable situation that could distort the political-educational proposals of the Escola Profissional Dom Bosco de Poços de Caldas (Dom Bosco Vocational School - Poços de Caldas) due to the inclusion of members of the Salesian Congregation in didactic - administrative activities, after the decease of its founders / Doutorado / Ciencias Sociais na Educação / Doutor em Educação

E-services are becoming increasingly prevalent in various contexts. Organizations in the public sector have also embraced this trend and today provide e-services with different purposes, e.g. various e-health services. Although there are advantages of e-services compared to traditional channels, they are not free of problems; a public organization must, among other things, provide an availability that private organizations may not need. This in turn means that the business needs to adapt its internal IT systems to handle incoming cases, which affects both the organization’s business and its employees. As today’s demands exceeds the resources, and that the population in Sweden is growing older, demands increase on the health care’s business. Citizens have to take greater responsibility for their own healthcare, which involves changes in working methods through effective e-services. Therefore, we examined the consequences this has within the business, as well as how the use of e-services affects the employees’ working routines and administrative work. The study aims to identify and analyze consequences, opportunities and obstacles with e-health and e-services within a public health care organization. In this way, we see that the study may help with possible explanations to the challenges that arise from the use of e-services in the public health care. The intention is also to identify and describe possible gaps between expected effects of strategies and the outcome in the operational business, which we see can contribute to greater understanding of the differences and how they might be handled. The study is based on a qualitative case study on Region Östergötland, where we have collected empirical data through interviews. The interviews have then been interpreted and analyzed to provide an illustration of how the organization strategically works with e-services in the public healthcare and how this is manifested in the business. The study results and conclusions show that there are both positive and less desirable effects of e-services within the operational level of the business. The same also applies to certain strategic decisions, particularly the decision to make patient records available through the e-service My health care contacts. We consider that an important contribution of the study is to highlight the needs from the operational health care business, as well as the importance of taking these into account in the development of e-health and e-service related strategies. We consider that another contribution of the study is the need to reflect on the business implications that may arise as a result of e-services. / E-tjänster förekommer i allt större utsträckning inom olika sammanhang. Offentliga organisationer har också anammat utvecklingen och tillhandahåller idag e-tjänster av olika slag, exempelvis diverse e-hälsotjänster. I teorin beskrivs e-tjänster kunna bidra med effektiviseringar inom verksamheten, något som även framhålls som ett mål med e-hälsa. Även om det finns fördelar med e-tjänster jämfört med traditionella kanaler, är bilden inte helt problemfri; tidigare forskning visar att en offentlig organisation bland annat måste tillhandahålla en tillgänglighet som privata organisationer inte behöver. Detta innebär i sin tur att verksamheten behöver anpassa interna IT-system för att kunna hantera inkommande ärenden, vilket påverkar både organisationens verksamhet och dess medarbetare. Då behoven idag överstiger resurserna, samt att befolkningen i Sverige blir allt äldre ställs ökade krav på vårdverksamheten. Invånare måste ta ett större ansvar för den egna vården, vilket bland annat innebär förändrade arbetssätt genom ändamålsenliga e-tjänster. Därför har vi undersökt vilka konsekvenser e-tjänster medför inom verksamheten, samt hur användningen av dessa påverkar medarbetarnas arbetsrutiner och administrativa arbete. Syftet med studien är att identifiera och analysera konsekvenser, möjligheter och hinder med e-hälsa och e-tjänster inom en offentlig vårdorganisation. På så sätt ser vi att studien kan bidra med möjliga förklaringar till de utmaningar som uppstår vid tillämpning av e-tjänster inom den offentliga vården. Avsikten är även att identifiera och beskriva eventuella gap mellan förväntade effekter av strategier och utfall i verksamheten, vilket vi ser kan bidra till ökad förståelse för skillnaderna samt hur de skulle kunna hanteras. Undersökningen är baserad på en kvalitativ fallstudie på Region Östergötland, där vi har samlat in empirisk data genom intervjuer. Intervjuerna har sedan tolkats och analyserats för ge en bild av hur regionen arbetar strategiskt kring e-tjänster inom vården, samt hur detta tar sig i uttryck i verksamheten. Studiens resultat och slutsatser visar att det finns både positiva och mindre önskvärda effekter av e-tjänster inom den operationella vårdverksamheten. Detsamma gäller även för vissa strategiska beslut, inte minst beslutet om att tillgängliggöra patientjournalen via e-tjänsten Mina vårdkontakter. Ett viktigt bidrag med studien är i vår mening att belysa de behov uttrycks från den operationella vårdverksamheten, samt vikten av att ta hänsyn till dessa vid utformning av strategier relaterat till e-hälsa och e-tjänster. Vi anser att ett annat bidrag med studien är vikten av att reflektera över verksamhetsmässiga konsekvenser som kan uppstå till följd av e-tjänster.

Instructors' use of e-learning systems in higher education institutions is a central concern of researchers, academicians, and practitioners. Higher education institutions are investing substantial resources to incorporate and maintain the infrastructure of e-learning systems; however, instructors' use of e-learning systems in two-year colleges is relatively limited. In this context, the goal of this study was to investigate the factors that may affect instructors' intention to use e-learning systems in two-year colleges. Based on literature review on technology acceptance, this study proposed a theoretical model predicting instructors' intention to use e-learning systems in two-year colleges based on their resistance to change, perceived value of e-learning systems, computer self-efficacy (CSE), and attitude toward e-learning systems. Consequently, this study investigated the effect of four independent variables on the dependent variable, intention to use e-learning systems. A Web-based survey was designed to empirically assess the effect of aforementioned constructs on instructors' intention to use e-learning systems in two-year colleges. The Web-based survey was developed as a multi-item measure using Likert-type scales. Existing validated scales were used to develop the Web-based survey. The target population of this study was instructors of public and private two-year colleges. The sample for this study was 119 (over 41% response rate) full-time, part-time, and adjunct instructors in different academic departments at a two-year college. Two statistical methods were used to formulate and test predictive models: Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Ordinal Logistic Regression (OLR). Both MLR and OLR results showed that the theoretical model was able to predict instructors' intention to use e-learning systems. All four independent variables have significant effects on the dependent variable. Results of both analyses were consistent on resistance to change as having the greatest weight on predicting instructors' intention to use e-learning systems, while CSE in both analyses was found to have the least weight. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by providing empirical results for the key constructs that affect two-year college instructors' intention to use e-learning systems. Results of this research may also help IT practitioners to concentrate their efforts on ways to address resistance to change as it was found to be the most significant factor affecting e-learning accepted by two-year college instructors.

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo central investigar fatores que moderam a relação entre satisfação pós-recuperação e intenção de recompra no varejo online. Mais especificamente, esta pesquisa visa analisar se os construtos qualidade do relacionamento, resistência à mudança e motivo inferido moderam a relação entre satisfação com o gerenciamento de reclamações e intenção de recompra no varejo online. Para verificar tais moderações, inicialmente foi realizada a etapa exploratória de pesquisa, na qual, por meio de entrevistas em profundidade, evidenciou-se que as variáveis propostas poderiam moderar a relação entre a variável independente e dependente desta dissertação, bem como foi adicionado o construto valor econômico como possível moderador da relação entre satisfação pós-reclamação e intenção de recompra. Em seguida, para testar as hipóteses propostas foi aplicada uma survey junto a consumidores norte-americanos (N=500), operacionalizada com auxílio do Qualtrics, via Mechanical Turk. Como resultado dos testes, tem-se que a qualidade do relacionamento, o motivo inferido e a percepção de valor econômico moderam a relação entre satisfação pós-recuperação e intenção de recompra no varejo online, ou seja, podem explicar, em partes, a não linearidade da relação entre a variável independente e dependente desta pesquisa. Destaca-se ainda que as dimensões da qualidade do relacionamento (a saber: satisfação, confiança e comprometimento) sugeridas neste estudo também moderaram, individualmente, a relação entre a variável independente e dependente desta pesquisa. Sendo assim, esta dissertação contribuiu para a literatura de Marketing e comércio eletrônico ao evidenciar que tanto a qualidade do relacionamento, bem como as dimensões de satisfação, confiança e comprometimento moderam a relação entre satisfação com o gerenciamento de reclamações e intenção de recompra. Além disso, evidencia-se que a elevada percepção de valor econômico, e os motivos inferidos pelos clientes (se positivos), diante da falha inicial ocorrida, também podem sinalizar intenções de recompra dos consumidores junto a sites varejistas. / This dissertation aims to investigate factors that moderate the relationship between satisfaction with complaint handling and repurchase intention in online retail. More specifically, this research aims to examine whether the quality of the relationship constructs, resistance to change and inferred motive moderate the relationship between satisfaction with complaint handling and repurchase intention in online retail. To test such moderations, was taken an exploratory research stage through in-depth interviews in which it became clear that the proposed constructs could moderate the relationship between the independent and dependent variables of this dissertation, as well as the variable economic value was added as a possible moderator of the relationships between satisfaction with complaint handling and repurchase intention. Then, to test the hypotheses was applied a survey with online consumers (N=500) from United States, through Qualtrics and Mechanical Turk. The results indicate that the relationship quality, the inferred motive and the perceived economic value moderated the relationship between satisfaction with complaint handling and repurchase intention in online retail. It is emphasized that the dimensions of relationship quality (satisfaction, trust and commitment) suggested in this study also moderated, in an individual way, the relationship between the independent and dependent variables of this study. Thus, this dissertation has contributed to the literature of marketing and e-commerce by showing that both the relationship quality as well as the dimensions (satisfaction, trust and commitment) moderate the relationship between satisfaction with complaint handling and repurchase intention. Furthermore, it is evident that the high perceived economic value, and the motive inferred by customers (if positive), facing the initial failure occurred, can also indicate repurchase intentions of consumers with online retailers.

Background: The unethical treatment of factory workers is widespread, especially in developing countries. There is no international legal body with the jurisdiction to uphold universal labor rights. Hence, the responsibility to ensure worker well-being falls upon the multinational organizations that operate the supply chain. These focal firms often use social auditing; however, recent research reveals that this approach does not incorporate workers' experiences on a consistent basis. To address these shortcomings, a new technology has enabled organizations to connect directly with factory workers, we term the technology digital reporting tools (DRT).  Problem: Even though DRT potential is supported, their adoption rate amongst multinational organizations remains minimal. The benefits of these tools cannot be leveraged without firm implementation. In fact, the estimated market size for socially sustainable tools in global supply chains significantly outweighs their investment rates. This discrepancy must be explained to advance the industry.  Purpose: This thesis intends to deepen the understanding of individual and group level resistance within the change management field by researching a phenomenon that combines technology and social sustainability: DRTs. By recognizing the internal subjective experiences of potential users of DRT technology, we ultimately hope to inform DRT-providers and focal firms of internal and unrealized bottlenecks that hinder the adoption of these tools.  Method: The thesis employs an inductive research approach with a qualitative research design based on 8 semi-structured interviews. All respondents are potential users of the technology within focal firms.  Result: Upon researching the experience of potential users, we find that their willingness to suggest DRT to upper management is the primary mechanism that impacts adoption. We partitioned willingness to suggest into two aggregate dimensions: perceived acceptance of upper management and organizational culture. We find potential users hold an internal need to pitch DRT to upper management in monetary terms. Furthermore, half of DRT utility was unknown by respondents. Lastly, we correlate the sub-theories of change management to the different factors we identified.

En anledning till att mångaförändringsinsatser misslyckas är anställdas motstånd till förändring. Dispositionellt motstånd till förändring (RTC) har beskrivits som individuella tendenser att undvika eller stå emot förändringar. Syftet med denna kvantitativa studie var att undersöka i vilken grad en individs personlighet förklarar dess motstånd till förändring. En webbaserad enkät bestående av instrumenten IPIP30, SD3 och RTC-scale besvarades av 158 deltagare (kvinnor=70%). Bivariat korrelation och multipel regressionsanalys användes för att bearbeta datamaterialet. Resultatet visade att 41% av variansen i RTC kan förklaras med hjälp av Big Five och studiens kontrollvariabler, personlighetsdragen extraversion och neuroticism stod för de signifikanta bidragen. Studien visade att Big Five har samband med samtliga RTC-faktorer, vilket inte tidigare har rapporterats. Vidare visade studien att Dark Triad tillsammans med kontrollvariablerna stod för 23% av variansen i RTC, narcissism och Machiavellism stod förde viktigaste bidragen. Studien indikerar att det kan finnas vidare användningsområden för personlighetstestning. / One reason why many change initiatives fails is becauseof the employees' resistance to change. Dispositional resistance to change (RTC) is described as individual tendencies to avoid or resist change. The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate to which extent an individual's personality explains its resistance to change. A web-based survey consisting of the IPIP30, SD3 and RTC scale instruments was answered by 158 participants (women=70%). Bivariate correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to process the data. The results showed that 41% of the variance in RTC can be explained by the Big Five and the control variables of the study, personality traits extraversion and neuroticism accounted for the significant contributions. The study showed that the Big Five is related to all RTC factors, this has not been reported before. Furthermore, the study showed that Dark Triad together with the control variables accounted for 23% of the variance in RTC, narcissism and Machiavellianism accounted for the most important contributions. The study indicates that there may be further uses for personality testing.