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The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers
to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is
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Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
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Showing 41 to 50 of 51 (0.023 seconds)| 41 |
Egskeidingsbemiddeling in Suid-Afrika : 'n vergelykende studieDe Jong, Madelene, 1963- 11 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans, abstract in Afrikaans and English / Egskeiding is baie jare lank as 'n regsprobleem beskou wat in ons adversatiewe stelsel van
litigasie uitsluitlik deur die howe uitgestryk moes word. Egskeiding behels egter ook
maatskaplike probleme wat nie deur ons regstelsel ondervang word nie. Ons adversatiewe
regstelsel verskerp boonop die teenstrydige belange van individuele gesinslede by
egskeiding en moedig verbittering en onversoenlikheid aan.
Weens die probleme wat die skuldbeginsel en die adversatiewe stelsel vir gades met
huweliksprobleme en vir die egskeidingsproses in die algemeen veroorsaak het, is twee
skuldlose egskeidingsgronde in 1979 ingevoer wat aan gades wat wil skei, groter inspraak
en seggenskap in die hele proses gegee het. Hierdie groter vryheid wat skuldlose
egskeiding meegebring het, het spoedig 'n behoefte aan 'n nuwe stelsel van
dispuutbeslegting by egskeiding geskep. Die Hoexterkommissie het gevolglik aanbeveel
dat 'n gesinshof met 'n maatskaplike komponent ingestel word waarby onder andere
bemiddelingsdienste beskikbaar moet wees. In sowel Australie as Nieu-Seeland het die
invoering van skuldlose egskeiding inderdaad gepaardgegaan met die instelling van
gesinshowe waar bemiddelingsdienste beskikbaar is. In die bemiddelingsproses kan
mense self, maar met die bystand van 'n onpartydige derde, al hulle probleme by
egskeiding uitsorteer en oplos. Dit blyk verder dat bemiddeling nog altyd 'n prominente rol
by die beslegting van gesinsgeskille in inheems regtelike gemeenskappe in Suid-Afrika
gespeel het. Weens finansiele beperkings is Suid-Afrika nog steeds sonder 'n gesinshof. Al wat tot
dusver uit die Hoexterkommissie se aanbevelings voortgevloei het, is die Wet op
Bemiddeling in Sekere Egskeidingsaangeleenthede 24 van 1987 wat daarvoor voorsiening
maak dat die kantoor van die gesinsadvokaat by egskeiding ondersoeke na die beste
belange van kinders kan instel. Alhoewel die titel van die Wet voorgee om vir bemiddeling
as 'n alternatiewe stelsel van dispuutbeslegting by egskeidng voorsiening te maak, blyk dit
uit die inhoud van die Wet dat dit bloot vir 'n baie beperkte vorm van bemiddeling voorsiening maak. Dit is gevolglik nodig dat hierdie Wet gewysig word om by alle
familieregtelike kwessies vir ware, omvattende en toeganklike bemiddelingsdienste aan
die publiek voorsiening te maak. Die geskikste wyse waarop dit bewerkstellig kan word, is
om bestaande private en gemeenskapsbemiddelingsdienste te reguleer en in die formate
regsproses te integreer. / For many years divorce has been viewed exclusively as a legal problem that had to be
addressed by the courts in our adversarial system of litigation. Divorce, however, also
entails social problems which are not addressed in our legal system. It appears further that
our adversarial legal system tends to heighten the conflicting interests of individual family
members at divorce and to encourage animosity and irreconcilability.
In an attempt to ameliorate the harsh consequences of the adversarial legal system at
divorce, two no-fault grounds for divorce were introduced to enable divorcing spouses to
make the decision about the termination of their marriage themselves. This greater
freedom that no-fault divorce afforded parties quickly led to a demand for a new system
of dispute resolution at divorce. The Hoexter Commission consequently, recommended the
establishment of a family court with a social component where mediation services are
offered. In both Australia and New Zealand the introduction of no-fault divorce was
attended by the establishment of family courts where mediation services are offered. In
mediation the parties involved, with the assistance of an impartial third, may sort out and
find solutions to all their divorce-related problems. It also appears that mediation has
always played a prominent role in the resolution of family disputes in the indigenous
communities of South Africa. Owing to financial restrictions, South Africa is still without a family court. So far, only the
Mediation in Certain Divorce Matters Act 24 van 1987 has emanated from the
recommendations of the Hoexter Commission. This Act, which provides for the institution
of enquiries by the office of the family advocate to determine the best interests of children
at divorce, professes in its title to have introduced mediation as an alternative system of
dispute resolution at divorce. From the contents of the Act it is apparent, however, that it
provides for mediation only in a very limited sense. Consequently, it is necessary to amend
this Act to make provision for real, comprehensive and accessible mediation services for
the public in all family law disputes. This amendment could best be achieved by regulating
existing private and community mediation services and integrating them into the formal
legal process. / LL. D. (Private Law) / Private Law
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Vývoj a limity autorskoprávní ochrany v globální informační společnosti / The Evolution and the Limits of the Copyright Protection in the Global Information SocietyAndruško, Alena January 2017 (has links)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE Faculty of Law Institute of Copyright, Industrial Property Rights and Competition Law DOCTORAL DISSERTATION The Evolution and the Limits of the Copyright Protection in the Global Information Society ABSTRACT Author: Mgr. Alena Andruško Supervisor: Prof. JUDr. Dr. iur. h. c. Jan Kříž, CSc. Field of Study: Civil Law Theoretical Legal Science Year: 2015 ABSTRACT Copyright law is one of the branches of law that has become, with the development of the Internet, the center of interest for different types of stakeholders in the global information society. With the evolution of "Web 2.0", sometimes called the "Participative Web", represented by user-generated content (UGC), and also with the evolution of peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing and recently cyberlockers, the effectiveness of copyright protection online has become a problem where solutions can be found only with difficulty. Online copyright infringement is a complex phenomenon with a multiplicity of contributing factors. To see and understand these factors one must not only know and understand the territorial and international legal rules governing copyright, but also know and understand the online ecosystem in which copyright infringement takes place, which is impossible without knowing the history, evolution and technical...
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Alternativní způsoby řešení sporů v obchodních závazkových vztazích / Alternative dispute resolution methods in business relationshipsŠteflová, Iva January 2010 (has links)
The diploma thesis is focused on alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in business relationships. The goal of thesis is to determine the term of alternative dispute resolution and to compare different approaches to regulation of mini-trial and mediation. The first part of thesis presents the term ADR and identifies its key characteristics. It points out the advantages and disadvantages of ADR and introduces institutions which concern with ADR. The attention is also aimed on arbitration and its relation to ADR. The second part of thesis deals with mini-trial. The description of its features is based on comparison of model rules provided by institutions which concern with ADR. The third part of thesis is focused on the most expanded method of ADR -- mediation. The attention is aimed at regulation trend within the European Union, legislation in the Czech Republic and Mediation Act Proposal. Closing part compares regulation of mini-trial and mediation and points out some of the debatable provisions of the Mediation Act Proposal.
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Egskeidingsbemiddeling in Suid-Afrika : 'n vergelykende studieDe Jong, Madelene, 1963- 30 November 2002 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans with summaries in Afrikaans and English / For many years divorce has been viewed exclusively as a legal problem that had to be addressed by the courts in our adversarial system of litigation. Divorce, however, also entails social problems which are not addressed in our legal system. It appears further that our adversarial legal system tends to heighten the conflicting interests of individual family members at divorce and to encourage animosity and irreconcilability.
In an attempt to ameliorate the harsh consequences of the adversarial legal system at divorce, two no-fault grounds for divorce were introduced to enable divorcing spouses to make the decision about the termination of their marriage themselves. This greater freedom that no-fault divorce afforded parties quickly led to a demand for a new system of dispute resolution at divorce. The Hoexter Commission consequently, recommended the establishment of a family court with a social component where mediation services are offered. In both Australia and New Zealand the introduction of no-fault divorce was attended by the establishment of family courts where mediation services are offered. In mediation the parties involved, with the assistance of an impartial third, may sort out and find solutions to all their divorce-related problems. It also appears that mediation has always played a prominent role in the resolution of family disputes in the indigenous communities of South Africa.
Owing to financial restrictions, South Africa is still without a family court. So far, only the Mediation in Certain Divorce Matters Act 24 of 1987 has emanated from the recommendations of the Hoexter Commission. This Act, which provides for the institution of enquiries by the office of the family advocate to determine the best interests of children at divorce, professes in its title to have introduced mediation as an alternative system of dispute resolution at divorce. From the contents of the Act it is apparent, however, that it provides for mediation only in a very limited sense. Consequently, it is necessary to amend this Act to make provision for real, comprehensive and accessible mediation services for the public in all family law disputes. This amendment could best be achieved by regulating existing private and community mediation services and integrating them into the formal legal process. / Egskeiding is baie jare lank as 'n regsprobleem beskou wat in ons adversatiewe stelsel van
litigasie uitsluitlik deur die howe uitgestryk moes word. Egskeiding behels egter ook
maatskaplike probleme wat nie deur ens regstelsel ondervang word nie. Ons adversatiewe
regstelsel verskerp boonop die teenstrydige belange van individuele gesinslede by
egskeiding en moedig verbittering en onversoenlikheid aan.
Weens die probleme wat die skuldbeginsel en die adversatiewe stelsel vir gades met
huweliksprobleme en vir die egskeidingsproses in die algemeen veroorsaak het, is twee
skuldlose egskeidingsgronde in 1979 ingevoer wat aan gades wat wil skei, groter inspraak
en seggenskap in die hele proses gegee het. Hierdie groter vryheid wat skuldlose
egskeiding meegebring het, het spoedig 'n behoefte aan 'n nuwe stelsel van
dispuutbeslegting by egskeiding geskep. Die Hoexterkommissie het gevolglik aanbeveel
dat 'n gesinshof met 'n maatskaplike komponent ingestel word waarby onder andere
bemiddelingsdienste beskikbaar meet wees. In sowel Australie as Nieu-Seeland het die
invoering van skuldlose egskeiding inderdaad gepaardgegaan met die instelling van
gesinshowe waar bemiddelingsdienste beskikbaar is. In die bemiddelingsproses kan
mense self, maar met die bystand van 'n onpartydige derde, al hulle probleme by
egskeiding uitsorteer en oplos. Dit blyk verder dat bemiddeling nog altyd 'n prominente rol
by die beslegting van gesinsgeskille in inheemsregtelike gemeenskappe in Suid-Afrika
gespeel het.
Weens finansiele beperkings is Suid-Afrika nog steeds sonder 'n gesinshof. Al wat tot
dusver uit die Hoexterkommissie se aanbevelings voortgevloei het, is die Wet op
Bemiddeling in Sekere Egskeidingsaangeleenthede 24 van 1987 wat daarvoor voorsiening
maak dat die kantoor van die gesinsadvokaat by egskeiding ondersoeke na die beste
belange van kinders kan instel. Alhoewel die titel van die Wet voorgee om vir bemiddeling
as 'n alternatiewe stelsel van dispuutbeslegting by egskeidng voorsiening te maak, blyk dit
uit die inhoud van die Wet dat dit bloot vir 'n baie beperkte vorm van bemiddeling voorsiening maak. Dit is gevolglik nodig dat hierdie Wet gewysig word om by alle
familieregtelike kwessies vir ware, omvattende en toeganklike bemiddelingsdienste aan die
publiek voorsiening te maak. Die geskikste wyse waarop dit bewerkstellig kan word, is om
bestaande private en gemeenskapsbemiddelingsdienste te reguleer en in die formele
regsproses te integreer. / Private Law / LL.D.
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Analýza mluvených projevů / Analysis of Speech StandardNOVÁKOVÁ, Lucie January 2013 (has links)
The aim of the diploma thesis is to give a partial characterization of speech of several age groups: ninth grade students, people aged 19-24 years, people aged 44-50 years and people aged 65 or more years and also draw a comparison between them in certain areas. The thesis contains the theoretical part, which focuses on simple functional communication style in general, non-verbal communication elements, symptoms suprasegmental speech marks and vocabulary range. The practical part is divided into two chapters. The first one describes necessities and areas of research. The second one provides a summary of speech specifics of individual age groups and mutual comparison of them. The practical part focuses on expression quality, ie., accuracy and linguistic correctness. It is also focused on the periphery of the vocabulary range.
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An evaluation of the use of testamentary and Inter vivos trusts as estate-planning vehicles and the development of holistic estate-planning models involving the use of these trustsNaidoo, Loganathan January 2013 (has links)
Trusts are subject to multiple fOl1lls of legislative regulation dealing with taxation and governance. Trusts were widely used by planners as taxavoidance shelters. Tax legislation was amended to subject trusts, other than special trusts as defined, to the highest income tax rate of forty percent, in tel1llS of section 5(2) of the Income Tax Act, 58 of 1962. The inter vivos trust is also subject to a wide range of anti-avoidance measures, including those contained in sub-sections (3) to (8) of section 7 of the Income Tax Act and Part X of the Eighth Schedule to the Act, as well as the general anti -avoidance measures in section 103. These measures impact negatively on the use of trusts for estate-planning purposes. The research objective was to evaluate the use of testamentary and inter vivos trusts for estate-planning purposes and to develop a holistic estate-planniD.g model incorporating these planning instruments. Both the testamentary trust and the inter vivos trust were evaluated against broad principles of effective estate planning and the taxes and duties applicable to them. The research also reviewed the writings of financial planners on various techniques and models used for estate planning, as wells as case studies documented in the literature. The research developed and evaluated holistic estate-planning models incorporating testamentary trusts and inter vivos trusts, respectively. By neutralizing the effects of various taxes and duties, it was demonstrated that it is possible to develop an estate plan that satisfies most of the requirements of effective estate planning.
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"Varför är vi här egentligen och för vems skull är vi här?” : En kvalitativ studie om hur enhetschefer inom LSS-området arbetar med brukarinflytande / "Why are we here anyway and for whose sake are we here?" : A qualitative study of how unit managers in the LSS area work with user influenceGustavsson, Gabriella, Berg, Sara January 2023 (has links)
This is a qualitative study based on interviews with unit managers working by the entitlement law LSS, Act concerning Support and Service for Persons with Certain Functional Impairments. The purpose of this study is to get an understanding of how unit managers in the LSS area perceive, work with and have experience of user influence in their organizations. The implementation of previous research makes an easier understanding of what the professional role means for both the organization and the user of welfare services. The main result of the study shows that the unit managers have a significant role for the user influence and that user influence needs further development in their organizations. Unit managers work to equalize social differences and compensate for the user's care needs. User influence is therefore needed for users to be able to become as independent as possible. The unit manager works according to organizational conditions and creates strategies while using their professional discretion. Which promotes participation and self-determination for the user and their way of life. The result fills a knowledge gap regarding the unit manager's professional role and work for and with user influence in practice within the law of LSS. The study's theoretical approach is based on the theories of human-treating organizations, social citizenship and a model that explains society views different levels of disability and the user's personal autonomy.
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Propojení tepelného manekýna s termofyziologickým modelem člověka / Coupling of Thermal Manikin with Human Thermophysiological ModelDoležalová, Veronika January 2019 (has links)
thermal manikin, thermophysiological model, thermal comfort, climatic chamber, clothing thermal resistence
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De grundläggande rättsprinciperna vid direktupphandling : HFD 2018 ref. 60 och EU-rätten / The General Principles of Swedish Direct Awards : HFD 2018 ref. 60 and EU LawLignell, Elias January 2022 (has links)
This thesis examines the general principles in European Union (EU) public procurement law, as they apply to Swedish direct awards of low value, outside the scope of the EU procurement directives. A combination of Swedish and EU legal methodology is used to investigate two overarching themes. Firstly, the two different legal bases of the general principles, in the light of the Court of Justice of the EU’s definition of cross-border interest, as well as the Swedish implementation. Secondly, the central substantive consequences imposed by the principles on direct awards. The only national precedent on the subject, HFD 2018 ref. 60 of the Supreme Administrative Court, is both utilised and criticised against the backdrop of EU law to paint a picture of the principles’ inner workings in a direct award context. Pertaining to the first theme, an analysis of the applicability of EU primary law on direct awards is undertaken in order to distinguish the legal bases of the principles. If a contract is of certain cross-border interest, the general principles flow directly from EU law. In the absence of such an interest, the principles are exclusively based in Swedish law, which nationally extends the EU principles to all procurement (gold-plating). Overall, contracts valued below a quarter of the applicable EU directive threshold usually lack certain cross-border interest, unless there are concrete indications of the opposite. As a result, most direct awards fall outside the scope of EU law. An awareness of the legal bases of the principles is relevant to avoid breaches of EU primary law. It is argued that the Swedish gold-plated implementation of the general principles causes unnecessary uncertainty, and that separate national principles should be introduced outside the scope of EU primary law. As for the second theme, a thorough analysis concludes that the principles do not prohibit direct awards given without any exposure to competition, as long as the contracts are of low enough value. Direct awards can therefore be conducted through direct contact with a single supplier, in accordance with the legislative aims of the procedure. This may not be the case for social and other specific services of relatively high value. Nonetheless, the principles still affect direct awards, for instance in prohibiting flagrant cases of differential treatment without objective justification, based in arbitrary or corrupt decision-making. Unfortunately, these requirements are able to be circumvented due to the wide discretion given to procuring entities. On the other hand, if a direct award procedure is voluntarily advertised, the principles have greater practical significance. Still, the requirements in such cases are more lenient than in ordinary procurement procedures.
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Evaluation of Target Tracking Using Multiple Sensors and Non-Causal AlgorithmsVestin, Albin, Strandberg, Gustav January 2019 (has links)
Today, the main research field for the automotive industry is to find solutions for active safety. In order to perceive the surrounding environment, tracking nearby traffic objects plays an important role. Validation of the tracking performance is often done in staged traffic scenarios, where additional sensors, mounted on the vehicles, are used to obtain their true positions and velocities. The difficulty of evaluating the tracking performance complicates its development. An alternative approach studied in this thesis, is to record sequences and use non-causal algorithms, such as smoothing, instead of filtering to estimate the true target states. With this method, validation data for online, causal, target tracking algorithms can be obtained for all traffic scenarios without the need of extra sensors. We investigate how non-causal algorithms affects the target tracking performance using multiple sensors and dynamic models of different complexity. This is done to evaluate real-time methods against estimates obtained from non-causal filtering. Two different measurement units, a monocular camera and a LIDAR sensor, and two dynamic models are evaluated and compared using both causal and non-causal methods. The system is tested in two single object scenarios where ground truth is available and in three multi object scenarios without ground truth. Results from the two single object scenarios shows that tracking using only a monocular camera performs poorly since it is unable to measure the distance to objects. Here, a complementary LIDAR sensor improves the tracking performance significantly. The dynamic models are shown to have a small impact on the tracking performance, while the non-causal application gives a distinct improvement when tracking objects at large distances. Since the sequence can be reversed, the non-causal estimates are propagated from more certain states when the target is closer to the ego vehicle. For multiple object tracking, we find that correct associations between measurements and tracks are crucial for improving the tracking performance with non-causal algorithms.
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