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台灣類比IC 設計新創企業經營發展策略之研究—以個案F 公司為例 / Taiwan Analog IC Design House’s Start-Up BusinessStrategies – F Company Case Study陳耀昌, Chen, Angus Unknown Date (has links)
根據經濟部出版「2005 年中小企業白皮書」中提到:過去10 年,台灣每年
平均新成立之中小企業公司約有10 萬家,而台灣每年平均倒閉之中小企業約有
8 萬2 千家,也就是說未來每年這些新創業公司會經營不善而倒閉之平均機率為
82%。可見新創企業之經營管理風險非常大,隨時可能因為任何經營策略錯誤而
造成公司不可彌補之危機問題,最後可能就被會迫倒閉關廠。而且關廠又會資遣
公司之員工,更會連帶影響很多家庭面臨失業之危機與社會問題。因此一個新創
企業如何能經營良好,渡過公司的經營問題之重重關卡,各種經營策略施政正確
有效能,並且創造更高之經營績效而能永續經營是非常重要且值得研究之課題。
本研究以台灣類比IC 產業之新創企業來作經營策略與經營績效探討與分析
之對象。另外,本研究首先利用歷史文獻探討法,依據楊光立(2001)創業家的
十四個歷程之經營策略分析、Poter(1980)五力分析之競爭策略、Weihrich(1982)
「SWOT 分析法」、個案F 公司之各種財務比率分析及幾個重要經營策略及經
營策略分析為藍圖,後再以企業深度訪談法進行研究探討與分析,彙整個案F
公司所面臨經營上之問題,回溯經營團隊擬定之實際經營策略,最後再探討個案
F 公司真正實施這些經營策略後與實際經營績效來作理論與實務間之比較分析
探討,再歸納出本研究之結論。最後以個案F 公司之七位高階主管之認知統計總
結經營策略與經營績效相關性之結論:合計61 項經營策略實施後,發現有59
項與經營績效為正相關,其餘有2 項無關。另外還有其他方面之經營策略與經營
績效相關性:正相關有10 項。
關鍵字:類比IC、新創企業、經營策略、經營績效 / Ministry of Economic affair R.O.C published the “ Midle & Small Enterprises
Wite Book in 2005 ” said that there were 100,000 new start-up companies in every
year in Taiwan, and they will close 82% in a year. So, the management risk is huge in
a new start-up company. It will close by any mistake of management decision, and
bring about irrecoverable crisis. It will make the employee lose their job, and add
many problems in families and society. Therefore, How to manage a company and
solve their problems and crisis? How to ensure their business strategy are correct and
effective? How to create the high performance in a start-up company in the future and
forever? It is an important and worthy research subject.
In this thesis, I’m researching into the start-up company of Taiwan analog IC
design House, and to find the relationship with business strategy and business
operation performance. First, I found and read many theses from history or books or
others documents, such as Poter (1980), Weihrich (1982), Finacial repot of F
company etc.. Then, I used the interview method with F company, to find their
business strategy when they facing problems and crisis. Finally, I analyzed the
business operation performance in F Company when they implement the business
strategies. There are 59 items have the positive relationship of 61 business strategies
compare with business operation performance, the other 2 items are none.
Keywords: Analog IC, Start-Up, Business Strategy, Business Operation Performance.
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新興科技事業規劃發展之研究黃廷愷, Huang, Ting-Kai Unknown Date (has links)
在創業風氣鼎盛的現代,本研究試圖了解並培養一比較嚴謹的方法,作為一植基在新興科技的新創事業進行事業規劃時可以依循的參考架構,尤其在面對技術與市場的不確定下,藉由本研究的方法幫助決策者以全面性的角度進行新事業的策略規劃,以提昇決策品質。本研究主要的研究發現如下:
• 在新事業規劃發展的過程中,資訊情報蒐集的深度與廣度決定了情境規劃與STP策略的合理性與嚴謹度。
• 資訊來源除了市場資訊外,產業、學界專家的意見也是重要的一環。創業團隊的網絡關係決定能接觸到何種層級的專家與能蒐集到多深入的資訊。
• 市場資料通常有正確性與時效性的問題,因此多元化的資料來源蒐集,重複驗證資料的正確性,並由專家顧問獲得訊息求證是必須的。
• 影響一新事業發展的構面包括產業環境、技術能力、市場顧客、互補性資產與競爭者。
• 完整的思考邏輯是將情境規劃的構面導入STP的決策模式。市場區隔化的影響因素包括技術能力、市場顧客、與競爭者構面;選擇目標市場由產業環境、市場顧客、互補性資產、與競爭者構面所影響;市場定位由技術能力、市場顧客、互補性資產與競爭者構面所影響。
• 傳統的STP策略注重在市場顧客構面資料的取得與分析。因此當新技術出現,發生市場不確定高、消費者需求不明確的情形,則傳統的STP策略將無法有效為一新事業進行策略分析。
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高科技新創企業合作網絡模式之研究巫立宇 Unknown Date (has links)
儘管實務上創業活動屢見不鮮,但是有關創業的範疇在學術上之研究仍有待開拓。本研究建構出一高科技新創企業之合作網絡模式,一方面期能突破現有理論的藩籬,另一方面希望對實務現象提供有效的描繪和詮釋。此模式共區分成三部分,第一部分說明高科技企業在草創期之合作網絡模式,第二部分說明高科技企業在成長期之合作網絡模式,第三部分說明草創期和成長期合作網絡模式的關聯性。此外,本研究也發展出衡量高科技新創企業競爭力的方式,並對高科技創業實務提供具體建議。
本研究發現,高科技企業於草創期,可透過創業家個人的人際網絡,吸引如創業團隊成員及其他廠商的投入合作(如供應商、經銷商、創投),以獲得重要或互補資源。這些草創期合作夥伴的「合作意願」主要與「信任」創業家有關,而與創業家個人擁有的資源多寡無關,這顯示「關係和情感」是主導草創期夥伴投入合作的一項最重要考量因素。這同時也說明,在草創期合作網絡的關係內涵中,「情感信任」的比重較「經濟利益」重要。
在成長期合作網絡中,本研究發現,透過「信任」可吸引新的高階主管及其他新的廠商投入合作(如新的供應商、經銷商、創投等),據以取得重要或互補資源,顯示處於成長期的高科技企業,運用人脈關係仍是企業營運的一項重要策略。此外,成長期之「夥伴合作意願」會受到「信任」、「企業草創期競爭力」的影響,而與「企業資源」的多寡無關。這表示在成長期才加入的合作夥伴,除因信任創業家而強化合作的投入,新創企業在草創期所展現的競爭力,同樣也是引發夥伴合作意願的主因。因此,在成長期的合作網絡關係內涵中,「情感信任」與「經濟利益」皆重要,不可偏廢。
在高科技企業草創期與成長期的關聯性部分,本研究發現「創業家資源」會影響「企業資源」、「企業草創期競爭力」會影響「企業資源」、「企業草創期競爭力」會影響「企業成長期競爭力」、「企業草創期競爭力」會影響成長期之「夥伴合作意願」。因此,根據路徑相依理論,高科技新創企業可透過學習,累積資源與競爭力,藉以獲取與維繫競爭優勢。
針對高科技新創企業競爭力的衡量,本研究發現,「企業草創期競爭力」可使用「創業方向」、「研發能力」和「創新能力」等三項指標加以衡量;「企業成長期競爭力」可利用「創新速度」、「迅速回應市場能力」、「產品品質」、「研發能力」和「組織成員凝聚力」等五項指標加以衡量。使用此種方式衡量高科技新創企業的競爭力,較能區別出不同高科技新創企業的實際績效。
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電腦週邊事業行銷策略之研究-以G公司為例 / The study of business marketing strategy of computer peripheral industry: in case of G co.陳清賢, Chen, Ching Hsien Unknown Date (has links)
台灣電腦週邊設備製造業的發展,一直以來與 PC 產業發展具有高度關聯性。本產業大約從1980 年代開始,國內廠商大多以代工模式興起。自1990 年起,產業進入快速成長階段,產能規模持續成長,台灣亦成為電腦週邊設備的製造重鎮。而近年來隨著科技產業的蓬勃發展,電腦週邊設備更是越來越複雜,產品種類不僅繁多、汰換率高且產品生命週期日趨縮短。再加上產業集中化與微利化的情形下,彼此之間的競爭更是激烈。
本論文研究是以台灣電腦週邊設備製造領導廠商G公司為個案,研究其將近三十年之行銷實務經驗,以提供未來台灣新創中小事業行銷組合策略之參考依據。在藉由本次行銷組合策略的分析過程中,讓我們更加了解電腦週邊設備製造業的現況及未來發展趨勢,以及如何面對產業的快速變化和不確定性。
文中是以訪談G公司經營高層,以及蒐集其他相關文件資料的方式,來探討國內電腦週邊設備製造商行銷組合策略,並將所獲得之成果進行衡量,其中研究之影響變數有市場區隔、目標市場、市場定位、產品定位、研發創新能力、行銷通路布建等等。透過本個案研究之結果,提供下列數點建議,以供台灣新創中小事業之借鏡:
1.透過明確的市場區隔,可穩定成長並避免與市場既有廠商競爭及攻擊。
2.要能掌握通路布局並與經銷商保持良好關係。
3.妥善運用區域彈性定價,以保持公司競爭強度及獲利。
4.發展品牌,以避免落入價格競爭。
5.技術領先與創新產品,保持公司競爭力。
6.積極參與國內、外產品展,藉以快速打開知名度。
關鍵字:新創事業,市場區隔,行銷組合策略。 / In Taiwan, computer peripheral equipment manufacturing industry has been highly associated with the PC industry. About the industry from the 1980s began, most domestic manufacturers rise to the OEM model. Since 1990, the industry entered a rapid growth stage, the capacity continued to grow; Taiwan has become the manufacturing center for computer peripherals. In recent years, the rapid development of the technology industry, computer peripheral equipment is more complex, not only the range of product categories, replacement rate and increasingly shorter product life cycles. Coupled with industry concentration and the case of shrinking profit margins, more competition between them is intense.
This thesis is based on Taiwan's leading computer peripheral equipment G Co., as a case study of marketing practices for nearly three decades of experience, to provide for Taiwan's future small new ventures marketing mix strategy of reference. By this time in the marketing mix strategy analysis process, our understanding of computer peripheral equipment manufacturing industry development status and future trends, and how to deal with the rapid industry change and uncertainty.
The article is based on interviews with the senior management of G co., and to collect other relevant documents, to explore the domestic manufacturer of computer peripherals marketing mix strategies, and measure the results obtained, which studies the impact of variables there is market segmentation, target market, market positioning, product positioning, R & D innovation, marketing channels, and so on. Through the case study results, the following points provide suggestions for the new ventures:
1.Through the market segmentation, we can stable growth and to avoid competition with existing companies and the victims of its attacks.
2.We should be able to master channel and maintain good relations with retailers.
3.Good use of flexible pricing strategy to maintain ours competitive and profitability.
4.To develop the brand in order to avoid falling into the price competition.
5.Technological leadership and innovative products, to keep the competitiveness of company.
6.Involved in domestic and international electronics show, in order to build brand awareness quickly.
Keywords: New Ventures, market segmentation, marketing mix strategies.
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新創事業的口碑管理-以木酢家為例 / Word of Mouth Management of Startup Business - A Case Study of Mujohome Pet Supplies黃楷評 Unknown Date (has links)
台灣有很多的新創公司,產業結構以中小企業為主, 2013年台灣中小企業佔全體企業的97.64%;不可否認的是中小企業是台灣經濟的中流砥柱,也是幫助就業與平均分配所得的要角。然而,有超過三成的新設企業在五年以內結束營業,而經濟部2013年所出版的全球創業觀察台灣年報中的調查表示,新設企業在資金周轉不靈或是資源缺乏的情況下,將難以持續營運企業。
當人們再購買產品或是服務之前,多半傾向會去詢問親友或是熟人的意見,有93%的消費者會上網搜尋口碑意見,且有近53%的消費者會上網評論、分享他們的經驗,而當對於商品或服務滿意時,評論的意願會增加。國內外對於口碑效應的研究不在少數,但研究本身多集中在口碑效應的行程以及消費者行為,較少從企業的觀點出發研究口碑管理,如果能夠深入研究口碑管理的操作細節並能夠為新創事業所運用的話,將能夠大大提升資源效率與公司的存活率。
本研究欲探討的問題有三,1. 新創事業在達到穩定期之前如何促進口碑傳播?再者,促進口碑傳播的行為與其成長階段的關係為何?2. 新創事業在達到穩定期之前如何監視口碑?再者,監視口碑的行為與其成長階段的關係為何?3. 新創事業在達到穩定期之前如何回應口碑?再者,回應口碑的行為與其成長階段的關係為何?
透過深入訪談新創事業-木酢家,並配合相關次級資料的蒐集與整理,本研究獲得以下結論1.新創事業會透過接觸虛擬和實體世界中不同的人際網絡促進口碑傳播。2. 新創事業口碑監視的重點在於,更詳細的了解消費者行為,以及顧客真正想要的產品。3. 口碑回應是對消費者傳達理念的途徑,新創事業再塑造形象時會納入策略的一部分。 / There are many start-up companies in Taiwan, and therefore made the industrial structure full of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In the year of 2013, SMEs account for 97.64% of all the enterprises,and are the mainstay of the employment market andthe economy system in Taiwan. However, the data shows that over 30% of SMEs end up in 5 years, the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) from the Ministry of Economic Affairs said that the lack of money and resources are the biggest challenge of running a start-up company.
When making the decision of buying products and services, people incline to ask for the opinions from friends or acquaintances. The data shows that 93% of the respondents search word-of-mouth informations on the internet, and 53% of them shared their experiences. The more satisfaction they perceived, the more likely they would share the experience. There were abundance of researches in the past studying word-of-mouth, much of them gave discussions on word-of-mouth effects and consumer behaviors, while only a few studying about word-of-mouth management from the enterprise view of point. Despite the power that word-of-mouth contains, if it can be apply by some of the SMEs, it might enhance the efficiency of utilizing resources.
This thesis is going to study three questions: 1. How does a start-up company foster word-of-mouth before the company comes to a stabilizing phase? Moreover, what is the relationship between the word-of-mouth foster activity and the growing phases? 2. How does a start-up company monitor word-of-mouth before the company comes to a stabilizing phase? Moreover, what is the relationship between the word-of-mouth monitor activity and the growing phases? 3. How does a start-up company responds to word-of-mouth before the company comes to a stabilizing phase? Moreover, what is the relationship between the word-of-mouth responding activity and the growing phases?
The research findings are describe as following:1. A Start-up company foster word-of-mouth by attaching different virtual and physical social networks. 2. The word-of-mouth monitor activity of a start-up company focuses on the comprehension of consumer behaviors and the consumer needs. 3. The word-of-mouth responding activity is a way to convey the belief of the company, it would be a part of the strategy when a start-up company is shaping its image.
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台灣新創公司O2O經營策略之研究 - 以食我、百迪爾與呼叫師傅為例秦嘉興, Chin, Chia Hsin Unknown Date (has links)
繼網路創業後,近年來可以看到以行動應用創業的案例越來越多,而之中又以整合虛實通路的O2O (Online to Offline,線上至線下的通路模式)模式更為熱門。過去由於虛擬通路的盛行,造就了電子商務的快速發展,也因而使得消費資訊傳遞得更加快速。在這樣的情況下,企業的策略與經營模式也不斷地調整,電子商務方面則產生了很大的變化,原本只著重於經營虛擬通路的企業,開始反向經營實體通路,而原本只經營實體通路的企業,則開始經營起虛擬通路。
本論文研究主要的目的在於探討台灣新創公司如何經營O2O的模式,本研究以核心資源、營運範疇、事業網路等三構面,探討三家新創公司(食我餐飲顧問公司、百迪爾資訊公司、呼叫師傅公司)O2O方面的經營策略,並藉由第四構面-價值創造,探究該等公司在O2O服務上所創造的價值。
本研究所得到的主要結論包括:(1)新創公司在O2O的初期經營上,會著重於需求端。(2)新創公司在經營O2O的業務推廣上,會尋求外部資源的協助。(3)新創公司在經營O2O的服務品質控管上,會透過廠商篩選機制的建立以及與廠商的合約來加以強化。(4)新創公司在O2O的經營上,會透過在地資訊的即時提供來提高使用者採用O2O平台的意願。本文最後並提出實務上的意涵與後續研究的建議。 / Since the trend of running businesses on the Internet started to foster, we could see that there are more and more cases taking portable devices as the core of their business. Besides, the Online to Offline (O2O) business model of using the clicks-and-mortar channel might be one of the most popular choices. In the past, due to the prevailing of virtual channel, it did make e-commerce to be in vogue, and also help consuming information to transact more rapidly. In this kind of situations, the business strategies and business models of enterprises also kept on making adjustments to follow the flow. As for e-commerce, it did resulted in huge changes. For those enterprises who used to concentrate on virtual channels, they started the business of physical channels; those enterprises who only aiming at running physical channels started to explore the area of virtual channels.
The main purpose of the study is to discuss about how those Taiwanese start-up companies operate O2O business. Moreover, the study takes core resources, operating area and business networks to view the O2O business strategies of three start-up companies. Also, by using value creation, the study wants to understand the value created by the O2O business of those companies.
After the research of the issues above, the study came up with four main conclusions:
1. Start-up companies would concentrate on the demand side in the beginning of their business.
2. Start-up companies would seek for the help of outer resources when they were promoting their business.
3. In the aspect of controlling the quality of their services, start-up companies would choose to build the filtering system of target companies and signing contracts.
4. In running O2O business, start-up companies would offer local information immediately to raise consumers’ will of using their O2O platform.
With those four main point provided by the study, it also brings up the meaning the practical meaning of the study and suggestions of following researches.
Keywords: Start-up Company, O2O (Online to Offline), Business Strategy, Value Creation
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影響新創公司長期表現之因素 - 以教育網絡為例 / What factors affect new ventures' long-term performance? A case of educational network項柏維 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究提出了影響新創公司長期表現的架構,並以教育網絡連結作為衡量
社群網絡連結的依據,探討其解決資訊不對稱問題的效果。本論文透過建構台灣的新創公司、創業投資基金和國家發展基金三個群體的經理人資料,計算出各教育網絡間的連結關係;依此可衡量各教育網絡關係對新創公司長期表現的影響。
實證結果顯示,新創公司和創業投資基金間的雙向教育網絡連結對新創公
司的長期表現有正向影響;然而當教育網絡連結和政府部門(本研究定義為國發基金)有關係時,其效果則延伸出許多議題,其一為政府部門與被投資公司產生教育連結時,其對被投資公司的長期績效表現效果為負向,顯示出產生政治連結時政府部門的投資行為會受到影響。另一方面,當創業投資基金和政府部門產生教育連結時,其對被投資公司的長期績效表現為正,解釋了政府單位在選擇創業投資基金時是以長期績效表現作為選擇依據。 / In this research, educational links are hypothesized as the key factors for solving
the information asymmetry problem. By using the uniquely constructed dataset with
key information of invested companies, venture capital firms and National
Development Fund (NDF) in Taiwan, we quantify the effect of network linkages on
invested companies’ long-term performance. Our empirical results show that a linkage
between invested companies and VCs positively affects invested companies’ long-term
performance. However, the political linkage formed with NDF has non-trivial two-fold
effects. While an educational link formed between invested companies and NDF impact
long-term performance adversely, the educational link between venture capital firms
and NDF in turn has positive effects on the long-term performance. We thus confirm
the existence of inappropriate investment decisions frequently taken because of the
political link between invested companies and National Development Fund.
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新創事業體之競爭與挑戰–以宏碁自建雲數位看板為例 / Challenges of New Business Venture: A Case Study of Acer Being Signage施嵐, Shih, Lan Unknown Date (has links)
數位時代來臨,過去在戶外見到的傳統招牌廣告、商店內張貼的紙本海報,或是速食店(Quick Service Restaurant)的菜單,現在都漸漸由數位看板取代。根據Global Industry Analysts的預測,2017年全球數位看板市場規模約為138億美元。宏碁自建雲部門於2012年起致力於發展雲端相關之產品,看好數位看板的高成長性,宏碁將數位看板與自身雲端系統結合,在德國成功銷售了8,000台數位看板解決方案。2017年,宏碁取得前線媒體的影像辨識感應器技術,並將其應用到宏碁智雲看板解決方案上,讓「眼球經濟」商業化,成為創新的商業模式。透過積極的入股和策略聯盟,宏碁不斷優化自身的銷售組合以及商業模式,希望將營運宏碁智雲看板的Acer Being Signage Gmbh德國子公司成為宏碁自建雲第一個上市的事業體。
本研究將探討宏碁智雲看板的商業模式,同時,給予其建議,使其能與競爭者差異化以達到目標所需之銷售量。 / Digital transformation age has come. Digital Signage replaced the traditional out-of-home media such as plastic advertising signs, posters in stores and paper menus in quick service restaurants. According to the estimation by Global Industry Analysts, Digital Signage Market value in 2017 is about 13.8 billion USD. Acer BYOC department focused on developing cloud-based related products. Considering the high potential of digital signage, Acer BYOC combined cloud technology with signage, and successfully sold 8,000 digital signage solution in Germany by its subsidiary Acer Being Signage GmbH. In 2017, Acer BYOC acquired the technique of Behavior Tracking System from Pilot TV and applied it on the digital signage solution. Acer commercialize “eye economy” into its business model for innovation. By altering and fine-tuning its product mix and business model, Acer hope that Acer Being Signage GmbH could be the first listing business unit in BYOC.
This thesis will discuss about Acer ‘s current business model, as well as offering suggestions so that Acer can be differentiated from its competitors and increase the sales volume.
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原鄉隨創:由服務設計辨識創業歷程 / Indigenous bricolage: identifying entrepreneurial opportunities from service design方維熙, Fang, Wei Hsi Unknown Date (has links)
創業之目的是突破現狀,追求創新,創業家必須擁有資源才能創新產品與服務,但他們卻因資源受限而有志難伸。新創企業如何以拼湊有限資源來翻轉劣勢,是隨創(bricolage)所提倡的主導做法。可是,拼湊資源是透過怎樣的時機,當今文獻卻討論有限,因此,時機辨識成為是當前亟需探索之重點。本研究選取三個原住民族新創企業個案,分析他們的經營歷程、挑戰與如何透過辨識時機進行資源拼湊。本研究發現,原住民族文化是重要的資源,這些在地資源成為識別機會、突破資源稀缺的服務創新關鍵。在學術意涵上,本研究提出三個議題。第一,辨識時機需要觀察資源轉換脈絡;第二,辨識時機需要設定資源使用情境;第三,辨識時機需找出資源調合方式。在實務啟示上,本研究提出辨識時機的各種可能,並歸納多樣的隨創原則。進行隨創時,若能掌握在地文化便可以找出適當時機,讓有限的資源拼湊出無限的創新。 / The objective of entrepreneurship is to seek breakthrough innovation within status quo. Entrepreneurs must obtain resources in order to innovate new products or services. But their aspirations often are frustrated due to resource constraints. The dominant approach to entrepreneurial bricolage is to advise new ventures to turnaround adversities by making-do with resources. But, when could entrepreneurs identify opportunity for tinkering limited resources? This is an inquiry worth further investigation. This research selects three case studies of indigenous start-ups while analyzes their entrepreneurial process and challenges within; and examines how they recognize opportunities in creative resource tinkering. This study found that indigenous culture is a kind of critical local resource, which may trigger opportunity recognition in order to guide resource making-do and achieve service innovation. Theoretically, this study suggests that (1) opportunity recognition must understand the context that is suitable for the transformation of resource quality; (2) opportunity recognition must pay attention to resource deployment in situ; (3) opportunity recognition should identify methods of resource blending. Practically, this study proposes several possibilities of opportunity recognition and summarizes a variety of bricolage principles. When engaging entrepreneurial bricolage, if we could get a grip with local culture, it increases our chance to identify the right moment and allow limited resources to enact unlimited innovation.
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台灣國際新創事業績效影響因素之研究-國際化、廠商優勢、市場進入策略與成長策略楊國彬, Yang, Kuo-Pin Unknown Date (has links)
80年代末期,全球經濟中出現一種特殊的國際企業,其在創業初期或在創業很短的時間內就開始涉入國際市場,而且國際化的程度相當高。文獻將這種類型的國際企業稱之為「國際新創事業」 (International New Venture),同時證實這種新出現的國際企業類型非但不是特例,甚至越來越為普及。由於這類廠商通常規模較小,但卻能成功的在國際市場中與設立已久的大型廠商成功競爭,顯示現象背後必然存在相當值得探討的管理意涵。台灣廠商整體而言具備了兩大特色-高度的國際化及旺盛的創業精神-此二特色正符合學界對國際新創事業的概念性定義。另外由於「國際化」與「創業」領域結合的研究議題在學界正方興未艾,在學界對國際新創事業的認識仍存有落差的情況下,針對台灣國際新創事業之現象,具體描繪這些廠商的輪廓、瞭解這些廠商國際化的績效意涵、探討這些廠商的優勢策略、市場策略及後續成長等議題,在理論及實務上都具有相當重要之意義與價值。
本研究在國際新創事業日益普及,但文獻研究卻相對缺乏的研究背景下,嘗試探討影響國際新創事業績效之因素。本研究先以國際化理論之觀點,發展國際化程度、研發投資及廣告投資對國際新創事業績效影響之相關假說;同時另以創業觀點對台灣國際新創事業進行市場進入策略之分類,發展各種策略型態的報酬與風險關係之假說,並針對廠商脫離創業期之後的策略演化進行描繪。
假說驗證上,本研究以行政院主計處1986、1991及1996年針對製造業抽查的資料庫之資料,進行各項假說驗證。統計實證結果大致支持本研究各項假說,即台灣國際新創事業:(1)國際化程度與績效間,呈先增後減的∩型曲線關係;(2) 研發密集度高於低度國際化廠商的研發密集度;(3) 研發密集度與其績效間,呈先減後增的∪型曲線關係;(4) 採取不同市場進入策略,在績效上無顯著之差異;(5) 採取不同市場進入策略在事業風險上有顯著之差異,「技術創業」廠商的風險最高,「後進模仿創業」廠商的風險最低;然而,有關台灣國際新創事業的廣告密集度與其績效間呈負向線性關係之假說,並未能獲得支持。
除以量化統計方式進行分析外,為進一步瞭解國際新創事業國際化的動態歷程及市場策略的演化軌跡,本研究另以個案研究方式進行相關問題之探討。針對四家個案廠商深度訪談的研究結果,除大致呼應量化分析中的各項假說關係外,另亦呈現部分台灣國際新創事業異於西方文獻所預測及描繪的特點,包括海外投資地理範疇的高度集中、國際化與績效關係轉折點跟海外直接投資 (FDI) 有密切關係、利基能力的建構與台灣產業環境間的配適,以及國際化因素對創業廠商績效的調節作用等。
在理論貢獻上,本研究具體完成影響台灣國際新創事業績效的各項因素之探討,補充過去國際新創事業相關文獻中較為缺乏的規範性意涵。此外,透過橫跨1986-1996年的縱斷面分析,本研究具體呈現台灣國際新創事業在特徵屬性、市場進入方式及成長策略上的演化動態,並據以檢驗這些因素的演化型態與廠商績效間之關係,提供學界一個關於國際新創事業更加完整的形態 (posture) 與勢態 (strategic move) 之描繪。最後,本論文以台灣國際新創事業做為研究樣本,也有助於相關理論外部效度之拓展。在實務意涵上,由於本研究跳脫描述性的研究架構,實證結果證實各項策略因素對國際新創事業具有重要之意涵,因此研究結果可做為台灣國際新創事業在制訂國際化策略、優勢策略、市場進入策略及後續成長策略上之參考。
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