El presente proyecto responde a la necesidad de mantener, conservar y sostener en el tiempo, uno de los destinos naturales de nuestro país, como son las dunas del Desierto de Paracas, cuyo valor se trata de potenciar al crear un Ecolodge con énfasis en la Arquitectura Bioclimática. Paracas, a pesar de ser uno de los destinos preferidos por los turistas nacionales y extranjeros, no cuenta con una capacidad hotelera que pueda satisfacer los nuevos requerimientos en cuanto a hoteles con principios ecológicos. En tal sentido, se plantea un Ecolodge, donde el diseño y elementos constructivos a utilizarse estarán básicamente en función del clima de Paracas que se muestra soleado durante todo el año y acompañado de fuertes vientos. Esta nueva modalidad de hospedaje, se sustenta en principios de conservación y protección del medio ambiente, así como en el mejor aprovechamiento de la energía solar cuyos pilares son la captación, acumulación y distribución eficiente de la energía generada. Se toma en cuenta también el manejo de residuos, y el consumo responsable del agua con la finalidad de poderla reutilizar a través del sistema de riego por goteo, y generando además programas que beneficien directamente al desarrollo de la localidad y sus comunidades. / The purpose of this project is to maintain, preserve, and sustain throughout time, one of the main ecotourism destinations in our country, such as the Paracas Desert dunes. We aim to increase the value of this location through the development of an Ecolodge, with a focus on Bioclimatic Architecture. Given that Paracas is one of the preferred destinations by both foreign and local tourists, its main issue revolves around the lack of hotels that can satisfy new requirements in terms of ecological principles. In this context, raices the idea of an Ecolodge, where the design and building materials used will be selected in accordance with the Paracas climate, which is comprised of year-long sunshine accompanied by strong winds. The new hospitality approach is based upon conservation and environmental protection principles, as well as an improved use of solar energy, whose pillars include the collection, accumulation, and efficient distribution of energy. Waste management and responsible consumption of water is taken into account as well, with the purpose of re-utilizing water via a drip irrigation system. Finally, the strategy will ultimately generate programs that will directly benefit the development of local communities. / Tesis

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:51:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LizRC_DISSERT.pdf: 4677127 bytes, checksum: 6c4dcd06c105dcf6dfd1ee295d119df9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Being available as a tourist destination is a necessary condition but not enough for the expansion and success of tourism activity. To be successful, tourism requires investment, inputs, appropriate planning and management, like any other economic activity. A fundamental goal of the destination management is to understand how the competitiveness of a tourist destination can be improved and sustained. Competitive position of tourism can be measured and assessed by various models. Evaluating the indicators of competitiveness of a tourist destination involves a multivariate analysis, ranging from issues directly related to tourism activity itself to the indirect factors. These are elements that are interrelated and that together will point out the competitive condition of this destination. From the definition and characterization of competitiveness, sustainability and management in the context of tourist destinations, understood as the main concepts of this study, we present the main theoretical and methodological models of assessment of competitiveness of tourist destinations in the literature and represent the state of the issue in the scientific treatment of the subject. These models, designed by researchers from several countries and applied in different tourist destinations, are confronted about their structure, indicators considered and localities in which they were applied. The aim of this study was to know and evaluate the condition of tourist competitiveness of the destination P?lo Costa das Dunas, from the constraints attributes of superior performance of the evaluation model of tourist competitiveness of destinations Competenible, suggested by Mazaro, and that suit the requirements of international market aware of the strength and importance of sustainability. The condition of competitiveness of tourist destination in Rio Grande do Norte P?lo Costa das Dunas was moderate. The competitive strengths and weaknesses of the destination P?lo Costa das Dunas revealed through the dozens of sustainable attributes of the model Competenible showed guidelines and initiatives that can be taken to guide strategic decisions related to their planning and management. Thus, this study should serve as support for strategic planning and long-term management of the sector and as a crucial tool for making decisions related to public policies, sectoral investments, monitor processes, strategic planning, direction and control of the local and regional tourism development of destinations / Estar dispon?vel como destino tur?stico ? uma condi??o necess?ria, mas n?o suficiente para a expans?o e ?xito da atividade do turismo. Para ser bem-sucedido, o turismo requer investimentos, insumos, planejamento e gest?o adequados, como qualquer outra atividade econ?mica. Um dos objetivos fundamentais da gest?o de destino ? entender como a competitividade de um destino tur?stico pode ser melhorada e sustentada. A posi??o competitiva do turismo pode ser mensurada, medida e avaliada por diversos modelos. Avaliar os indicadores da competitividade de um destino tur?stico envolve uma an?lise multivariada, que vai desde aspectos ligados diretamente a atividade do turismo em si a fatores indiretos. Trata-se de elementos que se inter-relacionam e que, juntos, v?o apontar a condi??o competitiva desse destino. A partir da defini??o e caracteriza??o da competitividade, sustentabilidade e gest?o no ?mbito dos destinos tur?sticos, entendidos como os principais conceitos deste estudo, s?o apresentados os principais modelos te?ricos e metodol?gicos de avalia??o de competitividade de destinos tur?sticos da literatura atual e representam o estado da quest?o no tratamento cient?fico do tema. Tais modelos, concebidos por pesquisadores de diversos pa?ses e aplicados em diferentes destinos tur?sticos, s?o confrontados quanto a sua estrutura, indicadores considerados e localidades em que foram aplicados. O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer e avaliar a condi??o de competitividade tur?stica do destino P?lo Costa das Dunas, a partir dos atributos condicionantes de desempenho superior do modelo de avalia??o da competitividade tur?stica de destinos Competenible, proposto por Mazaro, e que se ad?quam ?s exig?ncias do mercado internacional consciente da for?a e import?ncia da sustentabilidade. A condi??o de competitividade do destino tur?stico potiguar P?lo Costa das Dunas foi moderada. As potencialidades e debilidades competitivas do destino P?lo Costa das Dunas reveladas atrav?s das dezenas de atributos sustent?veis do modelo Competenible apontaram lineamentos e iniciativas que podem ser tomadas no sentido de orientar decis?es estrat?gicas relacionadas ao seu planejamento e gest?o. Nesse sentido, este estudo deve servir como suporte ao planejamento estrat?gico e de gest?o a longo prazo do setor e como instrumento determinante para a tomada de decis?es relacionadas ?s pol?ticas p?blicas, investimentos setorial, monitoramento dos processos, planejamento estrat?gico, direcionamento e controle do desenvolvimento tur?stico local e regional de destinos

The aim of the thesis was a proposal to form a tourist information center and its location in the village of Tři Studně. Based on the analysis of supply and demand of the tourist destination offers a service that will provide visitors information center. For tourist information center have been proposed two alternatives. The first draft took advantage of the current meeting room of the Municipal Office at Tři Studně without modification, and it only added new equipment and technology . The second proposal is already associated with structural modifications of the room. Tři Studně are due to its abundant natural potential tourists visited in the summer and winter months. It forms one of the most Important Recreational Areas in Vysočina. Tři Studně in the TIC will be one of the most important elements of marketing communication of the village and its vicinity.

The diploma thesis deals with methods for evaluation of the cultural and environmental potential of the tourism destination. The theoretical part defines the professional terms that need to be understood for processing. In the practical part are implemented selected methods, which were applied on the regions of the Czech Republic. Subsequently, these methods were compared by results and their strengths and weaknesses were defined. The design part deals with innovation and improvement of current methods.

Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur företag inom besöksnäringen i Stockholms skärgård samarbetar och om samarbete kan leda till längre säsonger. Samt huruvida de statligt finansierade utvecklingsprojekten i skärgården bidragit till längre säsonger enligt de undersökta företagen. Metod: I denna studie har en kvalitativ metod i form av semi-strukturerade intervjuer används för insamling av empiri. Sex företag på två skärgårdsöar har intervjuats och används som empiriskt huvudmaterial men även en intervju som gjorts med Värmdö kommun har fått ligga till grund för en del av det empiriska materialet. Slutsatser: Det har under studien framkommit att samarbete mellan lokala aktörer är en viktig del i utvecklingen av destinationen. Samarbetet är inte bara en del i utvecklingen utan kan också vara en hjälp till att förlänga säsongerna. Utvecklingsprojekten har enligt företagarna som intervjuats ej gynnat dem. Det framgår att företagarna anser att det är de själva som måste jobba hårt om de ska se någon förändring. / Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate how companies in the tourism industry in the Stockholm archipelago cooperate and whether cooperation can lead to longer seasons. As well as if the state-funded development projects in the archipelago have contributed to longer seasons according to the investigated companies. Methodology: In this study, a qualitative method in the form of semi-structured interviews has been used for the gathering of empirical data. Six companies on two archipelago islands have been interviewed and used as main empirical material, but an interview with Värmdö municipality has also formed the basis for some of the empirical material. Conclusions: During this study, it has been found that cooperation between local actors is an important part of the development of the destination. Not only is the cooperation a part of the destination development, it can also help extend the season. According to the interviewees, the development projects have not benefited them. It is apparent that the entrepreneurs believe that they themselves that must work hard for any change to happen.

Ce travail contribue à la définition des mesures de l'efficacité et de la productivité dans la théorie microéconomique. Il présente des apports théoriques et empiriques. En premier lieu, cette thèse élabore une critique sur certaines mesures classiques de l’efficacité et de la productivité. Il est montré que la mesure directionnelle, sous l'hypothèse de rendements d'échelle constants, pose un certain nombre de problèmes quant à l’évaluation des variations de la productivité. De plus, il est établi que la « slacks-based » et la directionnelle « slack-based » mesures (ou mesures de Färe-Lovell) ne permettent pas de caractériser la technologie de production. Il résulte que ce type de mesure ne permet pas d’évaluer l'efficacité et les variations de productivité. Une approche alternative est proposée qui permet de contourner cette difficulté. Ensuite, cette thèse introduit deux nouveaux indicateurs: un indicateur social de Luenberger-Hicks-Moorsteen et un indicateur de productivité généralisé. Le premier permet d'évaluer l'effet des politiques sur les capabilités au sens d'A. Sen. Il consiste en une transposition des indicateurs de Hicks-Moorsteen en considérant le rôle spécifique d’un sous-vecteur prenant en compte les facteurs sociaux. Le second indicateur généralise les indicateurs standards de productivité. Il permet de retrouver à la fois les indicateurs de Luenberger et le Luenberger Hicks-Moortsteen comme cas spéciaux de cet indicateur généralisé. En considérant la version multiplicative de l’indicateur généralisé, on retrouve comme cas particuliers, les indicateurs de Malmquist et le Hicks-Moorsteen. Enfin, cette thèse présente des applications empiriques qui illustrent la méthodologie. Ces études évaluent et comparent la performance des régions touristiques et plus précisément celle du Languedoc-Roussillon, qui mobilise un cadre d'analyse transfrontalier. / This phd contributes to the definition of efficiency measures and productivity indicator, in the microeconomic theory. It presents theoretical and empirical contributions. Firstly, this phd develops a review on standard measures of efficiency and productivity. It is shown that the directional measure, under the assumption of constant returns to scale, raises some problems in the assessment of productivity changes. Moreover, it is established that the "slacks-based" and directional "slack-based" measures (or Färe-Lovell measures) do not allow to characterize technology. It follows that such measures do not allow to evaluate efficiency and productivity changes. An alternative approach is proposed which overcomes this difficulty. Then, this phd introduces two new indicators: a social Luenberger-Hicks-Moorsteen indicator and a generalized indicator of productivity. The first mesure the impact of publics policies in the line of the capability theory introduce by A. Sen. This indicator consists on a transposition of the Hicks-Moorsteen indicator by considering a sub-vector of social factors. The second indicator generalizes standards productivity indicators. It allows to find the Luenberger and the Luenberger Hicks-Moortsteen as special cases of this general indicator. Considering the multiplicative version of the generalized indicator, on can find the Malmquist and Hicks-Moorsteen indicators, as special cases. Finally, this phd presents some empirical applications to illustrate the methodology. These studies evaluate and compare the performance of the tourist destination, and specifically for the Languedoc-Roussillon, which involves a cross-border analysis framework

The study is an investigation into the pathways of out-of-school youth and their re-entrance into the Education Training and Development (ETD) system or the labour market. In the study the pathways of youth who dropped out of school between grades 1 and 11 are traced as they seek re-entrance to the ETD system, or entrance into the labour market. Particular attention was given to the factors that determine the choices that dropouts make either in re-entering the ETD system or entering the labour market. An analysis of the experiences of the interviewed sample of dropouts is presented. The study employs a qualitative research methodology using interviews to elicit the experiences of dropouts and school managers. The participants (young people and three school principals) were selected through snowballing from a township south of Durban. Individual and focus group interviews were held. The findings provide evidence of the value of investing in education, as suggested by the youth. This is in line with the human capital theory framework that suggests that there are major benefits to investing in education. The study is concluded by suggesting the need for second chance education in South Africa. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

Remote communities stay vulnerable in the face of major socioeconomic challenges. Tourism is often seen as a way to stimulate local economies and increase attractiveness of peripheral destinations, while events are considered to be one of the tools to promote tourism. In this regard, local collaboration is deemed to be crucial for facilitating development in spatially remote areas, where social context plays an important role in formation of entrepreneurial networks. By using the case of a local community festival Aldrei fór ég suður (AFS) in Ísafjörður, Iceland, I investigate relationship between the festival and local tourism entrepreneurs and define opportunities that the festival might provide for sustainable development of the area. Based on data collected from 24 interviews, findings suggest that the impact of AFS on local businesses varies depending on the category of business, its location, seasonality and target group, whereas the festival also contributes to enhancement of destination image, extension of tourist season and attraction of new categories of visitors. Following theoretical framework of social capital and social embeddedness, the main role of the festival is found to be related to enhancement of community pride and contribution to social change within community. On the other hand, results demonstrate general lack of willingness to collaborate and suggest an increased risk of overembeddedness given the self-reliant nature of the festival and its reluctance to commercialization. Discussed suggestions for sustainable destination development include co-branding, packaging for extended stay, transportation options and usage of empty housing for temporary accommodation.

<p>Our world is becoming increasingly complex, and is rapidly changingwith distances being reduced. Societies today are also in atransition from traditional production industries to increasingreliance on communication, consumption, services and experience. Asone of these emerging ‘new industries’, tourism is part of thismovement. Globalisation also makes further development of tourismpossible through, amongst other things, the spreading of languages;the development of low-cost carriers; international monetary systems;telecommunications and other technological innovations. Tourismcontributes to the globalisation of society and at the same time is aproduct of it. This is confirmed by complexity theories that stressthe systematic and dynamic nature of globalisation and theinterdependence of the global and the local. Hence, in this thesis,it is argued that acknowledging the complexity of tourism isnecessary for understanding tourism development, and more knowledgeabout tourism also leads to greater knowledge of our society.</p><p>The main aim of this thesis is to understand the complexity of localand regional tourist destination development, by exploring social andcultural factors that influence this development. In order to fulfilthis aim, analysis has been conducted at three different levels:places, projects and people. More specifically, by examining placesand how they develop as destinations; investigating the structure of,and processes within, groups and networks important for destinationdevelopment and by exploring the roles, resources and attitudes ofenterprising people who are seen as key for development. The thesisis based on a research project including three studies of tourismdestinations and projects in Northern Sweden and Scotland.</p><p>The social and cultural factors connected to tourism development arein turn part of learning processes, which in this thesis are seen asfundamental mechanisms for processes of development. A frameworkcalled ‘Learning Destinations’ is introduced that demonstrates howimportant social and cultural factors manifest themselves at each ofthe three levels: places, projects and people. History and heritageand rationales are the main cultural factors discussed, whilstinteraction and boundaries are prominent social factors found toinfluence tourism development. It is suggested that the framework of‘Learning Destinations’ may serve as a tool for understanding thecomplexity of local and regional tourism development.</p>

Our world is becoming increasingly complex, and is rapidly changingwith distances being reduced. Societies today are also in atransition from traditional production industries to increasingreliance on communication, consumption, services and experience. Asone of these emerging ‘new industries’, tourism is part of thismovement. Globalisation also makes further development of tourismpossible through, amongst other things, the spreading of languages;the development of low-cost carriers; international monetary systems;telecommunications and other technological innovations. Tourismcontributes to the globalisation of society and at the same time is aproduct of it. This is confirmed by complexity theories that stressthe systematic and dynamic nature of globalisation and theinterdependence of the global and the local. Hence, in this thesis,it is argued that acknowledging the complexity of tourism isnecessary for understanding tourism development, and more knowledgeabout tourism also leads to greater knowledge of our society. The main aim of this thesis is to understand the complexity of localand regional tourist destination development, by exploring social andcultural factors that influence this development. In order to fulfilthis aim, analysis has been conducted at three different levels:places, projects and people. More specifically, by examining placesand how they develop as destinations; investigating the structure of,and processes within, groups and networks important for destinationdevelopment and by exploring the roles, resources and attitudes ofenterprising people who are seen as key for development. The thesisis based on a research project including three studies of tourismdestinations and projects in Northern Sweden and Scotland. The social and cultural factors connected to tourism development arein turn part of learning processes, which in this thesis are seen asfundamental mechanisms for processes of development. A frameworkcalled ‘Learning Destinations’ is introduced that demonstrates howimportant social and cultural factors manifest themselves at each ofthe three levels: places, projects and people. History and heritageand rationales are the main cultural factors discussed, whilstinteraction and boundaries are prominent social factors found toinfluence tourism development. It is suggested that the framework of‘Learning Destinations’ may serve as a tool for understanding thecomplexity of local and regional tourism development.