In today's increasingly competitive business environment, the use of knowledge to gain a competitive advantage has become a serious concern for all organisations. However, some industries have been affected more acutely than others in the transition to a knowledge-based economy. Despite the increasing number of studies relating to Knowledge Management (KM), few have explored this concept within the Airline Industry (AI). As all the studies and model of this research have built on the relationship between KM and organisational performance (OP), the AI is the context of the study within the area of Gulf Cooperative Countries (GCC). This area has been chosen as it provides a good airlines-based industry which is mature. A comprehensive and critical assessment of different KM models was made through a review of the available studies in order to evaluate KM and to identify the processes that affect OP. This research proposes a conceptual model that represents KM processes and OP measurements. This research adopts a qualitative research approach through a case study strategy to identify and test a conceptual model proposed from the literature review. Four international airlines companies were investigated through extensive face-to-face semi-structure interviews, followed by observations, and documentation with managers, senior managers, general managers (GMs) and vice presidents (VPs) to produce accurate results. Data findings were then reported and analysed. The main finding revealed that most studies relating to knowledge management processes and their effect on organisational performance took place in different sectors other than the AI. Also, KM processes and their effect on OP appear to be neglected, leading to conflicts in KM adoption. However, KM processes are applicable in the AI and these processes are not only used and implemented, but are also perceived as important in influencing positive OP. The only KM processes that generally received less support from the participants in terms of perceived effectiveness in affecting positive OP were knowledge translation/repurposing and knowledge disposal. The main contribution of this research is a novel model for KM processes and OP. This model serves as a guideline for the stakeholder and decision maker to be adopted in organisations to lead to more effective implementation and adoption of KM disciplines. It also provides a practical guideline for future KM research which at present seems fragmented within the AI. The suggestion for future research is to further validate and improve the generalisability of the KM processes model to the entire AI in the world and across other industries. Moreover, due to the time constraints and lack of funding, there were no attempts made in this research to assemble a sample that is representative of all the airlines in the world. In order to increase the generalisability of the results of this study, the sample size needs to be expanded and quantitative research might be considered.

Syftet i denna studie är att utifrån ett sociokulturellt perspektiv utforska pianolärares syn på kreativt skapande inom pianoundervisning. Detta görs med forskningsfrågorna: Hur ser pianolärare på kreativt skapande i pianoundervisning? Hur beskriver de att de arbetar med kreativt skapande i sin undervisning? Vilka förutsättningar anser de behövs för att kunna arbeta med kreativt skapande i pianoundervisning? Studien är kvalitativ och ett sociokulturellt perspektiv används som teoretisk utgångspunkt. Den forskningsmetod som använts är kvalitativa intervjuer där fyra pianolärare har intervjuats. Intervjuerna har transkriberats och analyserats genom tematisk analys. I resultatet framgår de olika lärarnas synsätt och arbetssätt, uppdelat i tre huvudteman: Pianolärares syn på kreativt skapande, att arbeta kreativt i pianoundervisning, samt förutsättningar för en kreativ miljö. I studiens avslutande kapitel diskuteras resultatets teman med studiens teoretiska perspektiv samt tidigare litteratur och forskning. / The purpose of this study is to explore what creativity means to piano teachers at schools of culture and music, and how they consider themselves working creatively when teaching. This is performed by the following research questions: How do piano teachers see creativity in piano teaching? In what ways do they describe how they work with creativity in their teaching? What conditions do they consider is necessary to be able to work with creativity in piano teaching? This study is qualitative and a sociocultural perspective is used as a theoretical perspective. Qualitative interviews are used as research method, and four piano teachers have been interviewed.  The interviews has been transcribed and analysed through thematic analyse. In the result, the four teachers approach and working are being presented and divided into three main subjects: Piano teachers view of creativity, to work creatively in piano teaching, and conditions for a creative environment. The final chapter discusses the result, the theoretical perspective, the literature and the previous research.

En utgångspunkt för arbetslivet bör vara att skapa en arbetsmiljö som ger individer förutsättningar att ingå, kvarstå och utvecklas i arbetet. Arbetsmiljön är betydande för både individers hälsa och verksamheters utveckling samt förutsättningar för tillväxt. Arbetsplatsen betonas därmed vara en betydande arena för förebyggande insatser. Det är arbetsgivaren som har huvudsakligt ansvar för arbetsmiljön. Ingen arbetstagare ska riskera att skadas eller drabbas av ohälsa i arbetet. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur psykosocial arbetsmiljö och stress upplevs hos arbetstagare inom restaurangbranschen. För att besvara syftet användes en kvalitativ metod och fem semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes. Intervjupersonerna för studien var serviceanställda inom restaurangbranschen. Analys av datamaterial utfördes med en manifest kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Det resultat som framkom visar att arbetstagarna främst har negativa upplevelser av sin psykosociala arbetsmiljö och stress, dock framkommer några variationer gällande nivå av problematik. Deras arbete beskrivs innebära ständig stress och omfattar ett flertal arbetsmiljöbrister. Obalans råder mellan höga krav i arbetet och bristande resurser som påverkar arbetstagarnas hälsa negativt både psykiskt och fysiskt. Arbetstagarna betonar faktorer som överbelastande arbete, bristande återhämtning och ledarskap som påfrestande vilka resulterar i arbetsmiljöproblem. / A starting point for working life should be to create a work environment that gives individuals the ability to enter, remain and progress in work. The work is significant both for individual health and development activities as well as opportunities for growth. Workplace therefore constitutes to be an important setting for preventive interventions. It is the employer who has the principal responsibility for the work. No employee should risk being injured or suffer ill health at work. The purpose of the study was to investigate the psychosocial work environment and stress experienced by workers in the restaurant industry. To answer the purpose a qualitative approach been used and five semi-structured interviews were conducted. Those interviewed for the study were service employees in the restaurant industry. Analysis of the data was performed with a manifest content analysis. The results obtained show that works mostly have negative experiences of their psychosocial work environment and stress, however, is any variations regarding the level of problems. Their work is described involve constant stress and includes a number of work deficiencies. There is an imbalance between the demands of work and lack of resources that affect the health negatively both mentally and physically. Workers emphasize factors of stressful work, a lack of recovery and leadership resulting in health and safety problems.

Cultural activities have in recent years started to be acknowledged in health promotion. The concept can include a various kind of activities such as dance, art, and theatre. Läget is a project which has junior high school- and high school students as a target group and the project use cultural activities to illustrate health issues of young people in Västmanlands County. The health issues that are contained within the project is based on data from the survey Liv och Hälsa Ung which is responded by junior high students in 7th and 9th grade and high school students in 2 grade. Liv och Hälsa Ung is carried out every third year in Västmanlands County. The aim of this study was to examine the experiences of participants of the project in terms of their participation and whether their participation gained knowledge about health. Furthermore the study aimed to inquire their thoughts about the project as a method for illuminating health issues. A qualitative approach was used and four participants who had been involved in the art exhibition in the project were interviewed.  The material from the interviews were analysed using a manifest content analysis. The result showed that high school students experienced that the projected had been satisfying working with and that their knowledge in health issues had increased. They also considered the art exhibition in Läget as a suitable method for mediating knowledge about health. The theoretical framework of the study were empowerment and health literary. The result of this study can be useful for gaining knowledge about how a project in art can be related to health among high school students. / På senare år har kulturaktiviteter börjat att erkännas allt mer i det hälsofrämjande arbetet. Kulturaktivitet är ett vidsträckt begrepp som bland annat kan innefatta dans, konst, och teater för att ge några exempel. Projektet Läget tillämpar kultur i olika uttrycksformer för att uppmärksamma hälsofrågor och har högstadie- och gymnasieelever som sin målgrupp. Hälsofrågorna som lyfts fram i projektet har sin grund från enkätundersökningen Liv och Hälsa Ung. Det är en enkätstudie som genomförs i Västmanlands län var tredje år och besvaras av elever i årskurs sju och nio samt årskurs 2 på gymnasiet. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka gymnasieungdomars upplevelser av att delta i projektet och om de ansåg att projektet ökat deras kunskaper i hälsofrågor. Vidare undersöktes deras tankar om projektet som metod för att uppmärksamma hälsofrågor. Studiens metod var kvalitativ och datainsamlingen genomfördes genom intervjuer med fyra personer som varit delaktiga i projektets konstutställning. Intervjumaterialet analyserades sedan genom en manifest innehållsanalys. I resultatet framkom att gymnasieungdomarna upplevde att projektet varit tillfredsställande att arbeta med och att de fått ökade kunskaper i hälsofrågor. Lägets delprojekt om konst ansågs även vara en bra metod för att förmedla kunskap om hälsa. Det teoretiska perspektivet i studien är teorierna empowerment och health literacy. Resultatet av studien kan bidra till att få kunskap om hur ett projekt om konst kan relateras till hälsa hos gymnasieelever.

Denna studies syfte är undersöka hur elevhälsoteamet på en gymnasieskola inom Västmanlands Län arbetar med att främja gymnasieelevernas psykiska hälsa. För att möjliggöra studien tillämpades en kvalitativ metod för att få ta del av personers erfarenheter och upplevelser kring ämnesområdet. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med ett antal intervjupersoner som identifierades genom ett målinriktat urval där alla deltagare arbetar inom elevhälsoteamet på en gymnasieskola inom Västmanlands Län. Det insamlade materialet analyserade med en manifest innehållsanalys där ett resultat kunde uttolkas.   Intervjupersonerna upplevde att det den psykiska hälsan påverkades av den fysiska hälsan. För att kunna vara nöjd med sig själv beskrev intervjupersonerna att det krävdes att uppnå ett stabilt och positivt hälsotillstånd. I det praktiska arbetet upplevdes en avsaknad av en handlingsplan eller tydliga riktlinjer trots att intervjupersonerna arbetade aktivt med att främja gymnasieelevernas psykiska hälsa. Intervjupersonerna betonade att det var bristande fokus på psykisk hälsa och främjande arbete. Hur intervjupersonerna uppskattade sitt hälsofrämjande arbete var främst genom betyg, gymnasieelevernas skolutveckling och förändring i närvaro, engagemang och humör. Det föreligger utvecklingsmöjligheter där implementering av handlingsplan eller arbetsmodell skulle förbättra det hälsofrämjande arbetet på gymnasieskolan. Denna studie tar slutligen upp SESAME arbetsmodell som ett förslag att tillämpa för elevhälsoteamet och deras arbete med att främja gymnasieelevernas psykiska hälsa. / The purpose of this study is to examine how the school health unit at a high school in Vastmanlands County is working to promote mental health among the students. To enable the study a qualitative method was applied in order to understand how the health unit works around the subject. Semistructured interviews was carried out with a number of persons who were identified through a targeted selection. Where all were working as a part of the school health unit at a high school in Vastmanlands County. With a manifest content analysis the collected material could show a result from those interviewed.  The result demonstrated that there was a connection between how the mental health was affected by the physical health. In order to achieve a stable and positive health condition it required a person to be satisfied with oneself. The practical work lacked a plan of action or guidelines although personel were working actively to promote the mental health among the students. It was underlined that there was a lack of attention specifically regarding the mental health and the health promotion. The results of the health promotion work were estimated mainly via grades, students school development and changes in attending school, commitment and mood. There are development possibilities in which implementation of a plan of action or a working model could improve the health promotion work in high school. Finally this study suggests applying SESAME as a working model in the health promotion work for the health school unit in order to promote the mental health among the students.

The purpose of this study was to describe how mirrors affect contemporary dance pedagogy students’experiences of themselves. Empirical material was collected through semi-structured interviews with four dance pedagogy students at the School of Dance and Circus, and analyzed with the help of post-humanistic perspective and Lacanian mirror stage theory. The results suggest that mirrors are active agents that participate in several things, for example they create an evaluating gaze, objectification, alienation from the subject as a unity, experience of two-dimensional bodies and distraction. The results also suggest that the mirrors actively create afront and direction, and therefore they shield dancers from sensing their ‘inner selves’ as well as others in theroom, time and space. The feeling of success and mood affect the way dancers feel about their mirror images and themselves. In summary, this study stresses that the mirror, an object, is active and agentic, instead of thinking that the dancer is the only active part in the dancer-mirror relationship.

Many people with autism are excluded from the labour market. Support from social actors through job activities and higher education, have become important for this group when striving for a sustainable working life. Even though an increase in the number of people with autism in higher education has occurred, very little is known about their work outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to examine what circumstances that prevented and promoted a successful transition from higher education to working life, from the perspectives of four individuals with autism. The study also examined how these four study participants coped with their transition. The interviews were analysed on the basis of thematic analysis. During the study, Schlossberg’s transition theory was used as a theoretical framework. The result highlights that jobs that met the needs of the participants, contributed to their ability to maintain at work. Colleagues and managers also played significant roles, both for having one’s needs respected and for choosing to talk about individual difficulties. On the other hand, negative attitudes from managers, resulted in disappointment and lower self-esteem. The result also shows that the dilemma of finding balance between private issues and work, might have an impact on the transition outcomes.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att utifrån sociokulturellt perspektiv utforska tre lärares syn på hur musikundervisning kan bidra till elevers välbefinnande. Forskningsfrågorna är: På vilka sätt anser musiklärarna att de skapar ett gynnsamt intersubjektivt rum? Hur arbetar musiklärarna för att stärka elevernas identitet? Vad anser lärarna att de gör för att eleverna ska utvecklas? Som bakgrund presenteras musik som ämne i skolan, grupper i skolan samt forskning kring musikens påverkan på det intersubjektiva rummet och elevers välbefinnande. Den teoretiska bakgrunden ger en bild av det sociokulturella perspektivet innan en genomgång av metodvalet görs. I resultatdelen redovisas analysen av intervjuerna där tre stora teman framträder, relationers betydelse för välbefinnandet, prövande av roller i grupp samt personlig utveckling. Uppsatsen avslutas med en diskussion av resultatet i relation till den presenterade bakgrunden och det teoretiska perspektivet under rubrikerna Musik och rörelse som medierande redskap, Personlig identitet och gruppidentitet samt Sammanhållning och välbefinnande. / The purpose of this essay is to explore, from a socio-cultural perspective, three teachers' views on how music education can contribute to students' well-being. The research questions are: In what ways does music teachers consider that they create a favorable intersubjective room? How does music teachers work to strengthen students' identity? What does the teachers think they do to help students develop? As a background, music is presented as a subject in school, groups in school and research on the influence of music on the intersubjective room and pupils' well-being. The theoretical background gives a picture of the sociocultural perspective before a review of the method is made. The results section presents the analysis of the interviews where three major themes appear;the importance of relationships for well-being, testing of roles in groups andpersonal development. In the last chapter the result are discussed in relation to the presented background as well as the theoretical perspective; Music and movement as mediating tools, Personal and group identity as well as Cohesion and well- being.

<p>The aim of this study was to examine the possibilities to enter the regular labour market for pupils and young adults with intellectual disabilities. The method used is tape-recorded qualitative interviews with; Two pupils with intellectual disabilities, studying the last year at a special school. Two young adults with intellectual disabilities, former pupils at a special school and at the moment in search of work at a Public Employment Service office for young adults with disabilities. Furthermore were interviews made with two professionals, one student counsellor at a special school and one representative at a Public Employment Service office for young adults with disabilities. For analysing the empirical data, Iris Marion Young's theory about Five Faces of Oppression, Crip theory and Dalrymple and Burkes theory about empowerment was used. The results showed difficulties in enter the labour market for these young adults and wishes to be able to support themselves financially by a regular work. The aim of the welfare system is to help people with intellectual disabilities through for example special schools, vocational training and wages benefits. These efforts are not really helping but are rather increasing the disabilities and the following discrimination on the labour market.</p>

<p>Syftet med den här studien var att se vilka uppfattningar lärare har om att eleverna i en klass befinner sig på olika kunskapsnivåer kopplat till matematik. Studien bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer med lärare som arbetar i årskurs 6. </p><p>Litteraturen tydliggör vikten av att alla elever får möjligheter att utvecklas utifrån sina egna förutsättningar och behov. Hur undervisningen läggs upp och hur grupperna ser ut varierar, men dialogen mellan lärare och elev samt en varierande pedagogik är två betydelsefulla inslag som lyfts fram. </p><p>Resultatet visar att lärarna ser stora fördelar med att ha elever som är på en jämn kunskapsnivå, men de vänder också skillnaderna till något positivt och utnyttjar det i undervisningen. Lärarna har en önskan om att variera undervisningen mer för att ge alla elever möjlighet att lära sig matematik utifrån sina egna förutsättningar. </p><p>Min slutsats är att lärarna trots stora skillnader i klasserna anstränger sig för att kunna möta varje elev på elevens egen nivå och att de skapar sitt eget arbetssätt för att uppnå detta. Dock finns tendensen att de högpresterande eleverna ofta inte får chansen att utvecklas utifrån sina egna förutsättningar, eftersom lärarna lägger mycket kraft och tid på att hjälpa de lågpresterande eleverna.</p>