Notion faisant l’objet de nombreuses occurrences dans les textes des différents ordres juridiques, le développement durable est difficilement saisissable en droit. Son sens même est hétérogène. D’une part, ce terme peut se référer à la recherche d’une finalité de solidarité mettant l’accent sur les droits des générations futures, et par conséquent, sur la protection de l’environnement en tant que patrimoine commun. D’autre part, le développement durable est aussi défini comme un objectif de conciliation dans le cadre duquel l’exigence environnementale doit s’articuler avec d’autres piliers relatifs au développement économique et au progrès social. Le droit résultant de l’organisation institutionnelle territoriale n’échappe pas au problème de l’appréhension et de la définition de cette notion à contenu variable, qu’il s’agisse de l’encadrement l’action administrative, ou de la réforme des collectivités et de leurs groupements.Pour autant, le développement durable est incontestablement en voie de consolidation juridique, tant sur le plan de sa finalité que sur le plan de la méthode pour y parvenir. À ce propos, on peut relever le renforcement du principe de responsabilité environnementale ou l’émergence d’un principe de non-régression de la protection de l’environnement.Les différents principes relatifs au développement durable ont une influence certaine sur le fonctionnement même des collectivités territoriales. La démocratie environnementale est significative d’une certaine autonomisation juridique de la démocratie par rapport au concept classique de la représentation. Réciproquement, les mutations relatives à la recompositionterritoriale posent la question de leurs influences sur les politiques publiques promouvant cette notion-clé de la Charte de l’environnement. / Despite its numerous uses in many juridical orders : sustainable development has differents meanings. On one hand, it means that the environment needs to be protected in order to guarantee rights of future generations. On the other hand, sustainable development is equally defined as the conciliation between environmental policies, economical development and social progress. Territorial restructuring drafts are confronted at this polysemous concept.In spite of this difficulty, sustainable development is consolidated by french public law in his finality as far as its means. About that, standstill principle and environmental responsability enhance this theory.Other principles contibute to sustainable development realization. Environmental democracy takes an independence compared to the classical reprensentative democracy’s concept. In reciprocity, territorial restructuring keeps an influence on public policies about this constitutionnalized notion since the 2005’s Environnemental Carta.

Depuis les travaux de Pinel à la fin du XVIIIème, l'orientation du malade mental criminel s'est faite dans la recherche d'un juste équilibre entre soin et peine, plaçant l'expertise psychiatrique pénale au centre du dispositif judiciaire. Ces dernières années, de nombreuses critiques ont émergé à l'encontre de l'expert psychiatre et de l'institution psychiatrique, tandis que de nouvelles préoccupations sécuritaires envahissaient nos sociétés. Dès lors, la tentation de criminaliser le malade mental, marqué du sceau de la dangerosité, grandit, tandis que l'article 122-1 révèle davantage l'ambiguïté de son second alinéa. Afin de mieux appréhender cette population de malades mentaux criminels, cette thèse s'articule sur deux démarches complémentaires. L'une détermine le cadre socio-historique de la recherche, l'autre est une étude descriptive rétrospective sur l'application de l'article 122-1 second alinéa. L'analyse des résultats à l'aune de cette double lecture permet de tracer plusieurs pistes de réflexions pour une réactualisation intégrative dynamique et cohérente de l'articulation santé-justice. / Since the works of Pinel, The orientation of the criminal mentally ill person was made in the search for a just balance between care and punishment, placing the penal psychiatric expertise in the center of the judicial device. These last years, numerous criticisms appeared against the expert psychiatrist and from the psychiatric institution, whereas new security concerns invaded our societies. From then on, the temptation to criminalize the mentally ill person, marked with the seal of the dangerosité, grows , whereas the article 122-1 reveals more the ambiguity of its second paragraph. To dread better this population of criminal mental patients, this thesis articulates on two additional steps. The one determines the socio-historic frame of the research, the other one is a retrospective descriptive study on the application of the article 122-1 second paragraph. The analysis of the results in the alder of this double reading allows to emit several tracks of reflections for an updating dynamic and coherent intégrative of the articulation health-justice.

Nous abordons le problème de la gestion des chaînes logistiques dans le cadre d’une démarche RSE (Responsabilité Sociale des Entreprises). Nous proposons une approche intégrée qui permet d’opérationnaliser l’évaluation de la performance suivant les dimensions économique, environnementale et sociale aux niveaux de décisions stratégique, tactique et opérationnel. Nous déclinons notre approche aux niveaux stratégique et tactique, pour le problème d’internalisation/externalisation « durable » des activités de la chaîne de valeur d’une part (décision stratégique), et pour le problème de la planification stratégique-tactique durable de la chaîne logistique, d’autre part. Nous réalisons dans le premier cas une analyse de la valeur que nous couplons à l’évaluation de la performance en utilisant une méthode d’aide à la décision multicritères agrégative : l’AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). Dans le second cas, nous formulons le problème comme un programme mathématique multi-objectifs que nous résolvons sur la base d’un cas réaliste issu de l’industrie canadienne du bois d’œuvre. Nous obtenons, à l’issue de la résolution mathématique, plusieurs solutions de compromis (optimums de Pareto) présentant différents niveaux de performances économique, environnementale et sociale, permettant au décideur de choisir la solution qui correspond le mieux à sa stratégie RSE. Cette application illustre la méthode proposée et met en avant la valeur pratique de notre approche. / We address the problem of supply chain management in the context of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility). We propose an integrated approach allowing the operationalization of the economic, environmental and social performances at the strategic, tactical and operational decision levels of the supply chain. In particular, we apply our approach to the strategic and tactical levels, for the problem of sustainable insourcing/outsourcing of the activities of the value chain on the one hand (strategic decision), and for the problem of the strategic-tactical planning of a sustainable supply chain on the other hand. In the former case, we combine value analysis with performance measurement using AHP method (Analytical Hierarchy Process), an aggregative multi-criteria technique. In the latter, we develop a multi-objective mathematical program that we apply to a realistic case inspired by the Canadian lumber industry. After solving the problem, we obtain a multitude of compromise solutions (Pareto optimums) presenting different performance levels following the economic, environmental and social dimensions, allowing the decision maker to choose the solution that reflects best his/her CSR strategy. This application illustrates the proposed method and allows us to assess the practical value of our approach.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:27:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 sergio.pdf: 998078 bytes, checksum: b0b30a5fca7c959a029391b52b1da046 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-05-23 / Pontificia Universidade de São Paulo / This work aimed at bringing together two seminal aspects regarding the defense of personal rights (i) the responsability of the mass media and (ii) the adoption of speedy judicial action when illegal behaivor by the media has been verified. / Aplicação da tutela do artigo 461 na defesa dos direitos da personalidade e responsabilidade dos meios de comunicação formas de reparação critérios para concessão da tutela antecipada

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:27:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernando Gaburri.pdf: 896349 bytes, checksum: 8240718575f856405ce1843813db8213 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-27 / The objectives of this research is trying to analyse the legal, academic and lawful decisions situations in which are embended the civil responsability criteria of fundamentation and imputation. The blame as a major source of responsability has become, undoubtedly, unworthy facing the industrial and tecnological advances experimented all over the world. The accidents happened in railroads, people been swallowed by machines, air crashes, among many other factors, made become adopted the teory of the responsability based on the risc, without previous analysis of blame. The idea of risc has spread during the last century, however there are many situations in which this idea is insuficient. That is why there is the need of researching a new criteria to imput de civil responsability, beyond de blame and objective casuistics. It all concerns searching for a sistem of general clauses of objectiv responsability that can co-exist with the existent sistem of responsability by blame. Trying to get rid from the legal casuism prision, facing a optimized profile of what would be a criteria to the formation of a legal precept as a general rule, a big general system of objectiv responsability to live together with the general system of subjectiv responsability. It is important to give attention that only objective and subjective criteria are no longer enough to fullfill all the need of adjustment, in one or other teory, the cases of indenization from tecnological and industrial development of the early days / O escopo do presente trabalho é analisar a situação legal, jurisprudencial e doutrinária em que se encontram os critérios de fundamentação e imputação da responsabilidade civil extracontratual. A culpa como principal fonte de responsabilidade tornou-se, indiscutivelmente, insuficiente frente aos avanços industriais e tecnológicos experimentados em todo o mundo. Os acidentes causados em estradas de ferro, pessoas engolidas por máquinas, acidentes aéreos, dentre outros fatores, fizeram com que, em certos casos viesse a ser adotada a teoria da responsabilidade fundada no risco, sem verificação de culpa. Alargou-se a idéia de risco no século passado, no entanto há situações nas quais esta já se vê insuficiente. Daí falar-se em procura de um novo critério de imputação de responsabilidade civil, além da culpa e do casuísmo objetivo. Trata-se de se buscar a realização de um sistema de cláusulas gerais de responsabilidade objetiva para conviver junto ao já existente sistema de responsabilidade por culpa. Tenta-se desprender-se das algemas do casuísmo legal, propugnando-se por um perfil otimizado daquilo que seria um critério para a realização de um preceito legal como uma regra geral, um grande sistema geral de responsabilidade objetiva para conviver ao lado do sistema geral de responsabilidade subjetiva. É válido ressaltar que apenas os critérios objetivos e subjetivos não mais são suficientes para suprir toda uma necessidade de enquadramento, numa ou noutra teoria, os casos de reparação oriundos da evolução tecnológico-industrial contemporânea

[pt] Este trabalho propõe um modelo de gestão universitária sob a ótica da sustentabilidade de Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES), baseado em quatro pilares: Excelência em Ensino e Pesquisa, Gestão Financeira, Responsabilidade Social e Responsabilidade Ambiental, apoiados por Tecnologia da Informação. Inicialmente o modelo proposto foi validado e aplicado ao caso da PUC-Rio, com o foco na Gestão Universitária. Posteriormente um questionário foi aplicado em onze IES da América Latina e Europa para avaliar o grau de desenvolvimento destas instituições face aos quatro pilares do modelo de sustentabilidade proposto. A partir deste questionário foi possível identificaras melhores práticas de sustentabilidade em IES e confrontá-las com os resultados da PUC-Rio. / [en] This work proposes a model of university management from the perspective of sustainability, based on four pillars: Excellence in Education and Research, Financial Management, Social Responsibility and Environmental Responsibility, supported by information technology. Initially the model was validated and applied to the case study of PUC-Rio, with focus on University Management. Subsequently, a questionnaire was administered in eleven Latin American and European Universities to assess the degree of development of these institutions, based on the four pillars of sustainability proposed by the model. With the results of this survey, it was possible to identify some of the best practices of sustainability in those Universities and confront them with the results of PUC-Rio.

Si le principe de précaution a pour berceau la sphère environnementale, il s'est détaché de cette dernière pour assez vite investir le domaine de la santé humaine et acquérir une certaine autonomie. Son histoire reste très liée à la jurisprudence communautaire quant à sa définition et à son régime juridique. Si de nombreux pays l'ont plus ou moins bien inséré au sein de leurs droits nationaux, il occupe une place de choix en France depuis 2005 où, inscrit dans la Constitution grâce à la Charte de l'environnement, il est devenu une norme ayant le rang le plus élevé. Permettant de prendre des mesures de précaution quand une activité est susceptible de causer un dommage grave pour l'environnement et la santé humaine, il semble être la réponse la plus adaptée à l'impossibilité de consentir à l'incertitude de la science. C'est au niveau de la conception du médicament que la philosophie du principe de précaution se trouve le plus en harmonie. Afin de mieux le caractériser, le principe de précaution peut être rapproché de la notion de précaution qui est présente depuis la nuit des temps en santé. "Primum non nocere" est la règle de conduite des professionnels de santé. Le principe de précaution, qui est une sorte d'outils dans la gestion des risques hypothétiques, renferme deux obligations: une obligation d'évaluation du risque et une obligation de prévention. S'il est doté d'une fonction préventive face au risque incertain, il n'est pas dépourvu d'une mission réparatrice.Son régime juridique concerne tant le droit public que le droit privé, et les juges ne peuvent plus ignorer ce principe perçu comme une clé pour l'avenir. / If the principle of precaution has its roots in the sphere of the environment, it has more recently found relevance, indeed a certain independence, within the domain of human health. With regards to its definition and to its legal regime, its history remains closely linked to community jurisprudence. Many countries have, to a greater or lesser extent, included it within their national rights, and since the environmental Charter of 2005 it enjoys à "special place" in France, where it is now written into the Constitution and has become one of the mostly highly valued norms. When an activity could cause serious harm to the environment or to human health it would appear that the most suitable response, while not directly admitting to the uncertainty of science, would be to ensure that precautionary measures are taken. Philosophically, the principle of precaution finds itself most in harmony when applied to the development of new medicines. To characterise best the principle of precaution, it can be likened to the notion of precaution present in health care since time immemorial. "primum non nocere" is the first rule of health care professionals. The principle of precaution, a useful tool for the management of hypothetical risk, encompasses two imperatives: that of evaluating risk and that of prevention. If on the one hand it is charged with a preventive function in the face of uncertain risk, that is not to say that it is deprived on the other of a reparatory mission. Its legal regime concerns as well public law as private law, and judges can no longer ignore this principle, now seen as "a key for the future".

Submitted by Patrícia Valim Labres de Freitas (patricial) on 2016-03-16T14:57:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Vinicius de Melo Lima_.pdf: 2893899 bytes, checksum: 2b276ce182bdaa8ca701404a102a50e6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-16T14:57:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vinicius de Melo Lima_.pdf: 2893899 bytes, checksum: 2b276ce182bdaa8ca701404a102a50e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-11 / Ministério Público do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / A presente tese de doutoramento tem como objeto da pesquisa os fundamentos da responsabilidade política do intérprete na produção do sentido normativo, em observância aos ideais de coerência e de integridade decisória, na perspectiva de uma exploração hermenêutica das dimensões da resposta constitucionalmente adequada à concretização dos direitos sociais, tanto em nível procedural, quanto no plano substancial. Os problemas a serem investigados são os seguintes: Como controlar o poder e ampliar as liberdades fundamentais dos cidadãos, em especial os direitos sociais? Quais os limites e as possibilidades de concretização judicial dos direitos sociais no Estado Democrático de Direito Brasileiro? A investigação científica, alicerçada no método fenomenológico-hermenêutico, tendo como referencial teórico a filosofia hermenêutica e a hermenêutica filosófica (Martin Heidegger-Hans-Georg Gadamer), o Direito como Integridade, de Ronald Dworkin, em uma interlocução com o Constitucionalismo Garantista, de Luigi Ferrajoli, à luz da filtragem da Crítica Hermenêutica do Direito, de Lenio Luiz Streck, procura identificar parâmetros hermenêuticos para o controle judicial e a eficácia dos direitos sociais, a partir do desenvolvimento de uma Teoria Hermenêutica da Responsabilidade. O trabalho insere-se na linha 1 de pesquisa do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito da UNISINOS, cuja pertinência temática amolda-se à disciplina de Hermenêutica Jurídica e Concretização de Direitos, ministrada pelo Professor Doutor Lenio Luiz Streck. O objetivo da tese consiste, pois, na reconstrução hermenêutica dos direitos sociais, tendo como fundamento estruturante uma compreensão adequada da responsabilidade decisória como garantia constitucional de efetivação da democracia substancial. As hipóteses trabalhadas possuem as seguintes perspectivas de compreensão: 1) A legitimidade da jurisdição na concretização dos direitos sociais, à luz da concepção dos direitos fundamentais como trunfos (Ronald Dworkin), havendo uma complementaridade entre direitos individuais e direitos sociais, os quais preexistem à decisão judicial. A ideia da responsabilidade hermenêutica é condição de possibilidade para a inserção da decisão jurídica no mundo prático, afastando a noção de “escolha”, cuja tradução jurídica encontra ressonância na concepção de discricionariedade; 2) A resposta hermeneuticamente adequada em matéria de direitos sociais reclama a adoção de um construtivismo decisório, em atenção à igual consideração e respeito que balizam a convivência comunitária, evitando-se as “razões de Estado”; 3) As dimensões de garantia da decisão jurídica democrática, em nível procedimental e substancial, tendo como foco o conteúdo que emana da resposta adequada à Constituição, podem ser divididas, para fins didáticos, em temporal, político-jurídica, socioeconômica, moral, cultural e integrativa; 4) A construção de uma Teoria Hermenêutica da Responsabilidade procura identificar determinados parâmetros hermenêuticos para a concretização judicial dos direitos sociais, quais sejam, a diferença ontológica entre os direitos fundamentais e a compreensão das dimensões da decisão jurídica democrática, o “romance em cadeia”, o círculo hermenêutico e a garantia de fundamentação, a tradição, a coerência e a integridade, a unidade do valor, a faticidade e a igual liberdade. A exigibilidade dos direitos sociais e os limites e as possibilidades de atuação da jurisdição têm preocupado comunidade em geral, razão pela qual se impõe a diferenciação entre judicialização da política e ativismo, além de uma crítica ao modelo do neoconstitucionalismo recepcionado no Brasil, nas fronteiras entre o Direito e a Política. Na sequência, a leitura do fenômeno da corrupção como um problema de direitos fundamentais decorre da necessidade de se denunciar o patrimonialismo e o estamento, os quais, associados à lógica do free rider, contribuem para o incremento das desigualdades sociais. A raiz do dilema está na discricionariedade e na eventual construção, por intermédio do discurso jurídico, de uma verdadeira zona de imunidade, a qual se contrapõe à intensa danosidade social e quebra da confiança legítima em decorrência das práticas corruptivas. Por sua vez, a ideia dos direitos sociais revela a importância de uma perspectiva holística, fundada na unidade do valor (Dworkin) e no giro ontológico-linguístico, para a compreensão do dilema entre procedimentalismo e substancialismo, das omissões inconstitucionais e do controle jurisdicional de políticas públicas. Desenvolvem-se, enfim, os fundamentos de uma teoria da responsabilidade decisória, propondo-se uma autêntica reviravolta hermenêutica em relação à efetivação dos direitos sociais, com realce para a justiciabilidade no Supremo Tribunal Federal. O recorte quantitativo e qualitativo levou em consideração as decisões proferidas entre 1º de maio de 1996 e 30 de agosto de 2015, mormente em razão da evolução jurisprudencial em torno da eficácia e da aplicabilidade das normas de direitos fundamentais sociais no referido período. / This doctoral thesis has the purpose of research the foundations of the political responsibility of the interpreters in the production of normative sense, in compliance with the ideals of coherence and operative integrity, the perspective of a hermeneutic exploration of the dimensions of constitutionally adequate response to the realization of rights social, both in procedural level, and in the substantial plan. The problems to be investigated are: How to control the power and extend the fundamental freedoms of citizens, in particular the social rights? What are the limits and possibilities of judicial realization of social rights in a Brazilian Law Democratic State of Brazilian Law? Scientific research, based on the phenomenological-hermeneutical method, theoretically based hermeneutics philosophy and philosophical hermeneutics (Martin Heidegger, Hans-Georg Gadamer), Law as Integrity, of Ronald Dworkin, in a dialogue with the Constitutionalism Guarantees of Luigi Ferrajoli in the light of filtration Critical Hermeneutics of Law of Lenio Luiz Streck, seeks to identify hermeneutical parameters for judicial review and the effectiveness of social rights, from the development of Hermeneutics Theory of Responsability. The work is part of the first line of research of the Pos-Graduate Program in Law UNISINOS, whose thematic relevance conforms to the discipline of Legal Hermeneutics and Implementation of Rights, taught by Professor Lenio Luiz Streck. The aim of the thesis is therefore the hermeneutic reconstruction of social rights, with the structuring based on a proper understanding of the decision-making responsibility as constitutional guarantee of realization of substantial democracy. The hypotheses worked have the following perspectives of understanding: 1) The legitimacy of the jurisdiction in realization of social rights in the light of the concept of fundamental rights as trumps (Ronald Dworkin) and there is a complementarity between individual rights and social rights, which pre-exist the judicial decision. The idea of hermeneutics responsibility is the condition of possibility for the inclusion of the legal decision in the practical world, away from the notion of “choice” whose legal translation resonates in the design of discretion; 2) The hermeneutically appropriate response in terms of social rights calls for the adoption of a decision constructivism, in keeping with equal concern and respect that guide the community life, avoiding the “reasons of state”; 3) The dimensions guarantee the democratic legal decision on procedural and substantive level, focusing on content emanating from the appropriate response to the Constitution, can be divided, for didactic purposes, in temporal, political-legal, socio-economic, moral, cultural and integrative; 4) The construction of a Hermeneutics Theory of Responsability seeks to identify certain hermeneutical parameters for the judicial realization of social rights, namely, the ontological difference between the fundamental rights and the understanding of the dimensions of democratic legal ruling, the "romance chain", the hermeneutical circle and the statement of assurance, tradition, consistency and integrity, the value of the unit, the facticity and the same freedom. The enforceability of social rights and the limits and jurisdiction possibilities of action have worried community at large, which is why is necessary to differentiate between legalization of politics and activism, as well as a critique of neoconstitutionalism the type approved in Brazil, on the borders between Law and Policy. Following the reading of the phenomenon of corruption as a fundamental rights problem stems from the need to report patrimonial and estate, which, combined with the logic of the free rider, contribute to the increase in social inequalities. The root of the dilemma is at the discretion and the eventual construction, through the legal discourse, a true zone of immunity, which is opposed to the intense social danosidade and breach of legitimate expectations as a result of corrupting practices. In turn, the idea of social rights reveals the importance of a holistic approach, based on the value of the unit (Dworkin) and ontological-linguistic turn, to understanding the dilemma between proceduralism and substantialism, the unconstitutional omissions and judicial control public policy. Are developed, finally, the foundations of a theory of decision-making responsibility, proposing an authentic hermeneutic turn in relation to the effectiveness of social rights, with emphasis on the justiciability of the Supreme Court of Brazil. The quantitative and qualitative fragment took into account decisions taken between 1 May 1996 and 30 August 2015, especially given the jurisprudential developments around the effectiveness and applicability of fundamental social rights standards in the period.

No description available.

Les enfants constituent un groupe vulnérable de la société et à ce titre ils nécessitent une protection spécifique, en particulier en temps de conflits armés où leurs droits peuvent être violés, qu'ils appartiennent à la population civile ou qu’ils soient impliqués militairement dans des conflits. Cette protection relève d’une problématique récente et qui demeure plus que jamais actuelle. Elle pose la question de savoir quel est le but de la spécificité annoncée dans la mesure où existe déjà une protection générale des civils. Faut-il entendre alors que cette dernière est insuffisante à protéger les enfants dans les situations de guerre ? Également, la protection tant générale que spécifique appliquée aux enfants, varie-t-elle selon que le conflit armé est de type international ou non-international ? L’ensemble de ces questions fera l’objet de la première partie de la thèse, intitulée : « La protection des enfants civils en temps de conflits armés ». La seconde partie de la thèse portant sur « La protection des enfants soldats en temps de conflits armés » se penche sur les conséquences juridiques de la participation des enfants à des hostilités. Et, dans ce cadre, savoir si ces enfants capturés par l’ennemi obtiendront le statut de prisonnier de guerre et s’ils seront poursuivis pénalement en cas de commission de crimes de guerre. L’autre question soulevée dans cette partie est celle de la responsabilité de l’État, du groupe, de l’individu, qui recrute des enfants aux fins de les utiliser dans des conflits armés, en dépit de leur engagement à ne pas le faire. Le cas de la Libye apparaît ici le plus indiqué ; en effet, le pays a traité de ces questions dans sa législation qui présente cependant des failles que nous mettons en exergue, d’autant que dans cet État a éclaté en février 2011 une guerre où sont recrutés et utilisés des enfants. / The protection of children during armed conflict - Comparative study between international law and Libyan lawChildren are a vulnerable group in society and as such they require special protection, especially in times of armed conflict where their rights may be violated, whether they belong to the civilian population or they are militarily involved in armed conflict. This protection is a recent problem and remains more than ever current. It raises the question of what is the purpose of the specificity announced to the extent that there is already a general protection of civilians. Must we then understand that the latter is insufficient to protect children in war situations? Also, does the general as well as the specific protection applied to children vary according to whether the armed conflict is international or non-international? All of these questions will be the subject of the first part of the thesis entitled: « The protection of civilian children in times of armed conflict ».The second part of the thesis on « The protection of child soldiers in times of armed conflict » examines the legal consequences of the participation of children in hostilities. And in this context, whether these children captured by the enemy will get the status of prisoner of war and whether they will be criminally prosecuted in case of commission of war crimes. The other issue raised in this section is the responsibility of the State, the group, the individual, who recruits children for use in armed conflict, despite their commitment not to do so. . The case of Libya appears here the most indicated; indeed, the country has dealt with these issues in its legislation which however presents flaws that we highlight, especially since in that state broke out in February 2011 a war where are recruited and used children.