Bakgrund: Genus är något som engagerat och intresserat mig under hela utbildningen men även utanför skolan, i vardagen. Med denna undersökning vill jag synliggöra, inte minst för mig själv, vilka stereotyper dagens barn blir exponerade för i litteratur som riktar sig specifikt till dem. Frågor om genus, jämställdhet och könsroller är något som jag vill påstå är högaktuellt i dagens samhälle, vilket gör undersökningar av denna typ än mer angelägna. Dessutom finns det relativt få undersökningar som behandlar genus i barnlitteratur (Kåreland, 2005). Syfte: Mitt syfte är att undersöka hur genus framställs i ett urval bilderböcker skrivna på 2000-talet för barn i åldrarna 3-6 år; vilka stereotyper och normöverskridningar som blir synliga men också hur de olika karaktärerna framställs beroende på vilket kön de tillhör. Metod: Urvalet består av sju av de mest sålda bilderböckerna för barn i åldern 3-6 år på Adlibris. Böckerna är alla skrivna på 2000-talet. Varje bok lästes noggrant och analyserades ur ett genusperspektiv. Resultat: Resultatet visar att män/pojkar och flickor/kvinnor ofta framställs på ett stereotypt sätt med avseende på exempelvis karaktärsdrag och yrkesroller. Det finns dock även karaktärer som överskrider normerna på mer eller mindre tydliga sätt. Pojkar/män är överrepresenterade som huvudkaraktärer och i böckernas titlar, trots det högre antalet kvinnliga karaktärer totalt sett. Även de yrkesroller som var synliga i urvalet var nästan genomgående stereotypa, med kvinnor som omvårdare eller verksamma inom serviceyrken och med män i beskyddande yrken som vakt och polis.

Denna studie undersöker hur sexuellt utnyttjade kvinnor representeras på sociala medier. Specifikt studeras publikens kommentarer under det live-sända vittnesmålet av Dr. Christine Blasey Ford mot den nominerade domarkandidaten för högsta domstolen i USA, Brett Kavanaugh, den 27 september 2018. Syftet med studien är att bidra till teoretiseringen av representation av kvinnor på sociala medier, samt att öka förståelsen för hur kvinnor som blivit utsatta för sexuellt utnyttjande framställs. För att uppnå syftet används kritisk diskursanalys (CDA) som både teori och metod. Det teoretiska ramverket utgår även från teorier om genus, representation, stereotyper och könsstereotyper samt feministisk teori. Tillvägagångsättet av studien grundar sig i begrepp från CDA och van Leeuwens taxonomi för representationen av sociala aktörer. Tillsammans möjliggör detta för en kvalitativ kritisk studie av publikens språkanvändning under vittnesmålet. Resultatet visar att publikens reaktioner på Fords vittnesmål kan delas in i fyra diskursiva teman. Första temat är att Ford representeras utifrån sin politiska ståndpunkt som demokrat. Fortsättningsvis är två teman att hon representeras som ett offer samt som en förövare. Sista temat är hur Ford representeras utifrån sitt kön som kvinna. Dessa teman visar hur Ford representeras av online-publiken i kommentarsfältet. Representationen av Ford är grundat på stereotyper, hon generaliseras och representationen baseras inte på den enskilda individ hon är.

This bachelor's thesis is an investigation into the public libraries'actions following the debate of Stina Wirséns character LillaHjärtat, featured in picture books and films for young children.The character was accused of being racist, due to its similarity tostereotypes such as pickaninnies. Because of this, the books'existence in public libraries was questioned.The purpose of this study is to investigate how librarians havedealt with these books, and what they have based their decisionson. To explore the background of these decisions we have usedPatrick Wilson's theory of cognitive authority (1983). We haveexamined which cognitive authorities have been used in thedecision-making process of how to handle the books containingLilla Hjärtat, and why these cognitive authorities have beenchosen. The method used in the study is qualitative interviewswith seven librarians working in public libraries throughoutSweden.The results of the interviews show that the librarians’ mostprominent cognitive authorities have been authors and illustratorsof children's books. Journalists and bloggers engaged in thedebate have not been given particularly big authority, and neitherhave laws or guidelines in the library field. We believe the reasonfor this is that those working with children's culture are thoughtof to be more informed in this field than those who don't, whichfinds support in Wilson's description of the theory. The cognitiveauthorities found in the study are mainly persons that thelibrarians are familiar with and have trusted before in similarquestions. / Program: Bibliotekarie

The purpose of this Master’s thesis is to examine if there is any gender role stereotyping conveyed in recent children’s picture books. The picture books examined are the ten most popular which are selected by a combination of Bokjuryn in Sweden, 2005, and children voting. Furthermore there is a winner each year. The investigation concerns how protagonists, girls and boys, are portrayed and, moreover, if there are any breaches of traditional gender patterns. The method used consists of a qualitative text analysis and in order to be able to do this study a model of analysis is created. This model relates to gender researcher Lissa Pauls fourteen basic questions reduced to five fundamental categories and, to some extent, Gustaf Cavallius model for analyzing pictures. The five categories are the protagonist’s character traits, actions, relationship to surrounding individuals, the way she/he looks and in what settings we find the protagonists. In order to establish personal traits we use a schema consisting of a description of characters, traditionally associated with girls and boys. The result of the analysis reveals that gender role stereotyping still is common in the selected picture books. The male characters outnumber female, they are portrayed in a much more diverse way, are more in control of their life and engage more in adventurous activities further away from the home. These findings are consistent with Yvonne Hirdman’s, Ylva Elvin–Nowak’s and Heléne Thomsson’s theories about gender systems, male – female dichotomy, male domination and how we, as human beings, constantly are in the process of creating gender roles in our lives. / Uppsatsnivå: D

The aim of this Master’s thesis is to examine the librarians’ perception of the users of children’s and young people’s literature. Questions posed in this study are: How are the librarians described according to appearance, personality and interaction with the users? How are the librarians described compared to former studies on the subject? Which perception can be seen, based on Douglas Rabers’s theory which describes the role the public libraries can take in the society? The study is based on content analysis. We have examined 15 descriptions of librarians in both picture books and literature for young adults, published between 1985 and 2006. The theoretical starting-point in our study is Rabers’s theory on the three different approaches to users that a public library can take; Social activism, The conservative response and The populist initiative. The result of the analysis indicates that Raber’s Conservative response has a slight predominance in the librarians’ perceptions of the users. The all-in-all-perception that is shown in the literature for children and young adults, is that the librarians’ interactions with the users is rather tame. The librarians are often invisible and seen as part of the library inventory. However, when help is requested, most of them are kind and helpful. / Uppsatsnivå: D

The aim of this Master’s thesis is to investigate how contemporary Swedish picture-books describe ethnicity. The analysis is based upon eight books that were published during the period 1996 to 2006. The thesis is based upon a qualitative content analysis and a model of analysis that has been constructed with inspiration from Maria Nikolajeva and Pil Dahlerup and their conceptions of analyzing literature. The study’s theoretical framework is primarily based on the sociology of literature and the perspective of the society in literature. We also introduce the conception ethnicity and its connection with nationalism, race, culture, norm, “us and them” and stereotyping. The results show that contemporary Swedish picture-books describe ethnicity stereotyped on the basis of Swedish norms. The picture-books in the study separate the ethnical Swedish from ethical foreign by emphasizing contrasts between the two. These contrasts cause a negative distance between the Swedish and foreign and emphasises the concept of “us and them”. / Uppsatsnivå: D

Denna studie har för avsikt att studera romanen Hungerspelen, skriven av Suzanne Collins. Syftet är att undersöka hur karaktärerna Katniss och Peeta skildras ur ett feministiskt perspektiv där fokus ligger på att studera de båda karaktärernas genuskonstruktioner. Ett delsyfte för studien är även att undersöka vilka didaktiska implikationer ett arbete med denna roman kan leda till i undervisningen i en gymnasieklass. Den metod som använts i analysen är närläsning där fokus legat på att utifrån romanens innehåll analysera framställningen av Katniss och Peeta, främst utifrån delar av Nikolajevas motsatsschema över stereotypa kvinnliga och manliga egenskaper. Analysen visar att de båda karaktärerna skildras som normbrytande men även att de bekräftar många av de stereotyper och normer som finns när det gäller kvinnligt och manligt beteende.

Should libraries first and foremost be a source of free informationwhere the citizens can find whatever information they want, or dothe librarians have a responsibility for what kind of works theypresent to people on their shelves? A wild debate broke out inSwedish media in September 2012, after the artistic leader ofKulturhuset in Stockholm; Behrang Miri decided to weed out allthe Tintin albums from the children´s library Tiotretton. Hewanted to start a debate on stereotypes in children´s fiction, andwhat damage they do to children who face them. The purpose ofthe thesis is to carry out a discourse analysis of this media debate,and to identify the different views that are expressed on thedemocratic mission of the libraries, what media they shouldpresent. The method and theory is based on the discourse theory ofErnesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe and their concepts are used toarrange the analysis around certain themes that build up twodifferent discourses; “Freedom of information discourse” and the“Weeding out discourse”.The two main questions are: What views of the public librariesselection of works are expressed in the Tintin debate in Tiotretton,and how do the views relate to each other? What concepts arespecific for the debate, and what meanings do they get in thesedifferent views?In the concluding chapter I discuss which consequences theseopposing opinions can have for the future selection processes ofthe library. / Program: Bibliotekarie

The study is based on three Swedish novels published in 1945,1956 and 1964, and three Swedish novels published in 1998, 2008and 2009. The aim has been to investigate how librarians are portrayed in Swedish literature, as well as a comparison between the older and the newer literature. What librarian images are portrayed in the analyzed literature? Is the portrayal mostly positive, negative or neutral? Are there any clear differences in how librarians portrayed in newer and older Swedish fiction? If so, what are they? The method used has been qualitative content analysis where relevant paragraphs have been coded and divided them into categories of appearance, personality, and professional identity. The conclusion is that the librarian is often portrayed as an intellectual and somewhat high-strung bibliophile. There has been examples of librarian as colorless, middle-aged, old fashioned, nervous, sensitive, high-strung, neurotic and condescending to library visitors. Overall, the picture is quite negative. However, there are exceptions; two of the portrayed librarians have been portrayed as attractive and, for its time, modern. The fictional librarian is often portrayed as a person who feels a great need to try to get other people to read. There is no clear difference in how the librarians are portrayed in the new or old literature. / Program: Bibliotekarie

Denna studie utfördes med syfte att studera hur andra generationens invandrare i Sverige upplever representationen i västerländska TV-serier och huruvida deras verklighetsbild kring landet överstämde med det fiktiva. Studien analyseras utifrån ett postkolonialt perspektiv med teorier som inkluderar Orientalism, representation och stereotyper. Frågeställningen grundade sig i huruvida dessa intervjupersoner kände sig representerade och om bilden av kulturen och landet var rättvist gestaltad samt hur de upplevde serierna kontra verkligheten. Metoden som användes för att besvara frågeställningen var kvalitativa intervjuer där resultatet visade att intervjupersonernas verklighet upplevelser inte stämde överens med vad som visats i serierna då mycket utav det som framställt var enligt deras tolkningar konstruerade stereotyper. / This study was conducted with the purpose of studying how the second generation of immigrants in Sweden experience the representation in western television series and how their reality image of the country overlooked the fictive. The study is analyzed based on postcolonial perspectives and theories that include representation, orientalism and stereotypes. The aim was based on whether or not these interviewees felt represented and if the image of the culture and the country were fairly visualized and how they experienced the series vs reality. The method used to answer the question was qualitative interviews where the results showed that the actual experiences of the interviewees did not match with what was shown in the series. Based on their interpretations a big part of the series was constructed by stereotypes.