網際網路的出現，改變閱聽人接觸傳統媒體的習慣，廣告量逐年下滑使台灣報業面臨經營困境，加上近年來智慧型手機、平板電腦等行動載具的盛行，對台灣報業而言，既是危機也是轉機。目前已有許多報業相繼推出智慧型手機新聞應用程式，希望以新的經營型態，觸及更多閱聽人，同時拓展更多廣告收入來源。 本研究以《蘋果日報》App為例，探討使用者對該產品的知覺品質、知覺價值與滿意度、購買意願的關係。研究結果如下：加強《蘋果日報》App知覺品質的「保證與信賴」、「便利與可靠」構面以提升《蘋果日報》App的知覺價值；加強《蘋果日報》App知覺品質的「保證與信賴」、「便利與可靠」以提升《蘋果日報》App的滿意度；加強《蘋果日報》App知覺品質的「保證與信賴」、知覺價值的「貨幣與非貨幣價值」及滿意度的「產品滿意度」構面以提升《蘋果日報》App的購買意願。 此外，使用者對《蘋果日報》App的新聞分類、新聞內容跟版面設計的滿意程度較高；對個人化服務、社群分享服務、網路系統品質的滿意程度較低。目前《蘋果日報》App暫不宜採取定價策略，建議《蘋果日報》App繼續加強產品品質，包括提供更多個人化服務、添加新聞評論功能、即時新聞更新速度須更快、關鍵字查詢、新聞資料庫的建立、媒體平台間的交叉使用（多螢一雲）等，讓使用者了解「付費版」跟「免費版」的差異是什麼，以提升未來使用者的購買意願。

近年來隨著智慧型手機的興起，人們開始利用智慧型手機處理日常生活事務及社群娛樂。無形中，已逐漸的改變日常行為模式。因此，許多學者也開始進行人們使用智慧型手機狀況的研究。 若透過傳統問卷等方式蒐集分析使用記錄，受訪者可能因訪問員的外在因素而影響問卷有效性。為解決此問題，很多研究開始在智慧型手機中安裝應用程式，蒐集使用記錄，藉以分析使用行為。然現今此類應用程式，都是為特定的研究進行開發，缺乏了彈性的考量。因此，本論文設計一個是用於安卓智慧型手機的可客製化行為感測記錄器，提供研究學者依各自需需求產生實驗項目規格檔，由受測者下載至手機，透過我們的行為感測記錄器，記錄平時手機操作行為之相關記錄，並於指定之時機下將記錄上傳供研究學者統計分析，以符合個別實驗之要求。 本研究重點在於如何定義彈性且多樣化的實驗設定檔，並考量載記錄感測過程中，電力大量消耗和受測者隱私資保護的議題，提出因應的解決方法。我們設計與執行幾個實驗來驗證此行為感測記錄器，初步看來，此記錄器可以滿足我們的主要需求，但結果也導引出一些需改進的設計議題。 / In recent years, with the rise of smart phones, the public began to take advantage of smart phones in daily life and social engagements. Virtually, smart phones have gradually changed people's behavior patterns so that researchers are eager to understand the how people use smartphones in their daily life. In this thesis, we present a configurable activity logger for Android smartphones for recording a smartphone’s sensor data and the user’s operations. Instead of one Android App for each researcher’s experiment, our approach is to devise a general logger App that can be customized to collect different data items according to the needs of various researchers. Specifically, our logger App accepts experiment configuration files in which researchers specify what data items to collect and at what frequency, and then conduct the logging task accordingly for each experiment. In other words, our logger works like an interpreter on such experiment configure files. Besides customizability of logging items, our logger concerns the saving of electricity and the preservation of user privacy. Firstly, we have applied various power saving tips published in the literature to the design of our logger. Secondly, we have refrained from collecting any contents that may reveal the user’s identify or that may invade user’s privacy. To evaluate our logger, we have designed and implemented a few data collection experiments. The preliminary results show that our logger can fulfill most of the requirements we set up, though thy also reveal some improvements we need to work on in the future.

本研究旨在探討固網及行動電話業的雙網整合(Fixed-Mobile Convergence，簡稱FMC)，造就此一趨勢的市場背景及促成技術，影響此趨勢未來發展走向的因素，電信業界的實施方式，與手機製造業的機會。 為何要討論固網及行動電話的整合? 因為它是近兩、三年來全世界電信業界最重要的發展趨勢，是電信業與網際網路的碰撞及交融，電信業界的典範轉移，也是固網業與行動電話業的大競合。它會影響電信業版圖勢力的重整，電訊網路的變革，手機功能的調整，服務提供的方式，是整個「未來世代網路」(NGN: Next Generation Network)的核心議題。 什麼是固網及行動電話的整合? 簡單說來，是指在同一支手機或PDA上，既可接打一般行動電話，又可打網路電話(Mobile Voice over IP)。換言之，雙網整合的行動電話同時具備GSM與Wi-Fi兩種網路之接取能力，在Wi-Fi範圍內時打網路電話，不在時就仍用GSM打電話，由於網路電話通常免費或價錢很低，如此既得到良好通話品質，又享受最低通話費用。要做出這種產品與服務，除了需要手機製造端的技術整合外，電信業者也需整合其通訊網路技術，並更新服務模式，牽涉層面十分廣泛。 本研究發現，促成雙網整合的市場因素包括: (1) 有線電話逐漸被行動電話取代，固網業者為奪回市場佔有率，遂以雙網整合模式推出新的服務模式 (2) 行動電話電信業者希望降低客戶轉換率 (3) 電信業者增加收入的壓力 (4) 消費者簡化通訊方式的需求 而雙網整合的促成技術包括: (1) 「網路電話」(VoIP)技術的發展 (2) 無線寬頻技術的發展，固接式寬頻連線的普及 (3) 整合式手持通訊裝置的製造技術日益成熟，市場接受度高 如何實施雙網整合，固網電信業與行動電話電信業各有不同打算。純粹的固網電信業多選擇成為「虛擬行動電話業者」(Mobile Virtual Network Operator)，或與行動電話電信業策略聯盟，以取得後者在行動電話網路的接取能力。同時，它們以具備Wi-Fi接取點功能的「家用閘道」(Residential Gateway)，與Cellular/Wi-Fi雙網手機，提供家庭用戶雙網整合的服務。在未來電信網路設備的選擇上，多傾向採用符合IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem)標準的產品。 行動電話電信業者則多選擇UMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access)技術，在其基地台建設中，加入UMA網路控制器，並提供UMA雙網整合手機與服務給用戶。目前有多家行動電話電信業者在測試此技術與服務模式。如果採用UMA技術，未來如何與IMS技術接軌，會是行動電話電信業者需要考量的議題。 未來會影響雙網整合發展的因素則為: (1) 標準的採用: 雙網整合相關的標準包括SIP (Session Initiation Protocal)，UMA與IMS等。SIP與UMA目前已有產品問市，IMS則有待未來。 (2) 電信業者的經營模式是否成功，即推出的雙網整合服務的產品與價位，是否足以吸引消費者換機，與學習新的使用模式 (3) Wi-Fi/Cellular雙網手機有耗電量，通話品質，使用方法友善程度等問題，這些是消費者能否接受的關鍵因素 (4) 企業界整合語音通訊與資料通訊的意願及速度，並將辦公室交換機昇級至IP PBX的決心。企業界將會是雙網整合技術最早的採用者，其使用經驗將對一般消費者有很大影響力。 雙網整合的真正主角，是具備雙網整合能力的智慧型手機。手機製造業者在此趨勢中的市場機會包括:UMA雙網手機，SIP Wi-Fi單網手機，SIP Wi-Fi/Cellular雙網手機等。但要製造這些手機，需解決許多技術問題，包括:數位語音壓縮/解壓縮方法，回音消除處理，Wi-Fi耗電問題，Wi-Fi通訊之安全保護機制，使用者介面整合，互通性測試等等。再加上雙網整合的遊戲規則是由電信業者制定，如何使手機與電信業者的服務模式搭配完美，是一大挑戰。 雙網整合目前仍在發展階段，相關的標準、技術、產品、與服務皆未臻成熟，非常值得持續的研究與觀察。 / “Fixed-mobile convergence” (FMC) is the theme of study in this research. This research attempts to find out: 1) the “Pull” forces coming from the market demand for FMC solutions; 2) the “Push” forces of the enabling technologies that make FMC possible; 3) the factors that will impact FMC’s future; 4) how the carriers are deploying FMC; and, 5) FMC-related opportunities for the mobile phone manufacturers. FMC is about the convergence of telecommunication world and the Internet world. It is the former’s endeavor to benefit from Internet’s low cost, and richness in online services. It stems from the business battle for market share between the fixed network operators and the mobile operators, and it will affect the future power span of these operators. FMC trend includes the following aspects: terminal devices, services, business models, and network technologies. It is so crucial in forming the telecommunication industry’s future, which makes it the core subject of Next Generation Network implementation. FMC is the enablement of mobile phones to use fixed network technologies, such as Wi-Fi network, corporate LANs, IP PBXs, and so on. A Wi-Fi/Cellular dual-mode mobile phone has telephony capability on both Wi-Fi network via mobile VoIP (Voice over IP) technology, and on cellular (such as GSM) network. When the end user is within the Wi-Fi hot spot coverage, the voice communication will be on top of IP. When the user is out of Wi-Fi coverage, then the phone calls are running on cellular network. For the consumers, this technology promises “any time, any where” ubiquitous connectivity and mobility, while at the lowest possible price, since VoIP is normally free or has very low cost. To deploy such products & services, the operators have both technical & business issues to deal with. Based on the findings of this research, the market demand which accelerates converging mobile & fixed network include:  Fixed-mobile substitution (FMS), which means people are using mobile phones more often than fixed-line phones. In many Western European countries, about one third of the household do not install fixed phone lines any more. They only use mobile phones as communication vehicle. Under such circumstances, fixed-line operators are forced to fight back for their market share. FMC is one of such strategies for launching new products and services to win back the end customers.  Mobile operators need to lower the subscriber churn rate, for which they are losing customers. In the United States and some areas in Europe, mobile phone coverage in residential area is unsatisfactory, due to the high cost of building up cellular infrastructure to cover vast space. This is the main reason for the subscribers to switch operators, for the mobile operators, FMC seems a logical solution. Since household penetration rate of high-speed broadband access is high in US, Europe, and many Asian countries, with a Wi-Fi access point and Wi-Fi/cellular dual mode phone, even when the cellular signal strength is weak at home, the user is still able to make phone calls using Mobile VoIP technology on Wi-Fi. This is the origin of UMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access) technology and standard, which mobile operators are pursuing.  All network operators are under constant pressure for growing their revenue, since voice service has quickly become a commodity when flat-rate tariff model is getting prevalent. With FMC solution, mobile operators could earn back the users who are attracted away by the low cost of Internet telephony. For fixed-line operators, FMC is a mechanism for providing packaged deal of broadband access and dual-mode mobile phones. More over, they could provide “quadruple play” services to support IP TV, Video on Demand, and other Internet services to increase their revenue.  “Less is more” mentality of the consumers. Most consumers or working people nowadays have at least three telephone numbers: home phone, office phone, and mobile phone. Each one of them has its own phone bill, voice mail box, and phone book. Some people even have e-mail account, instant message account, and Internet telephony account (such as Skype screen name). The mobility or interchange between these mechanisms of communication, and to manage them is becoming complex. The consumers are asking the mobile operators to integrate their services and phone bills, which again, pulls the operator to FMC solutions. The following are the enabling technologies that facilitate the development of FMC. Without these technologies, FMC can not take root in the telecommunication industry, and generate commercial products in the future.  VoIP (Voice over IP). VoIP service, products, and PC-based software clients have flourished in the past several years along with the exponential growth of the Internet. With the success of Vonage (pure-play VoIP service provider) and Skype (peer-to-peer internet telephony network based on PC), internet telephony has entered the main stream. Network operators that seek to lower the operation cost are turning to this technology as well. Mobile VoIP over EVDO, HSDPA, Wi-Fi, & WiMAX are getting a lot of attention recently since it can help to reduce the tariff, thus attract more users. For Mobile VoIP technologies to secure its market foothold, many issues need to be tackled, such as AEC, voice codec (compression & decompression), jitter buffer handling, SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) stack and RTP (Real-time Protocal) stack handling, power consumption, telephony UI integration, and so on.  High density of wireless broadband network such as Wi-Fi and WiMAX, and wide spread availability of wired broadband access such as xDSL and FTTH in school campus, office buildings, hot spots, transportation hubs, and homes, lay the foundation of FMC. Without such infrastructure, FMC can not thrive. With the combination of both wireless and wired broadband accessibility, Wi-Fi/cellular dual mode phone becomes practical and useful to the general public.  Converged handheld devices with multiple functionalities like push e-mail, PIM (Personal Information Management), Camera, SMS/MMS, internet browsing, phone book, Calendar, and so on, are getting very popular among business professionals in the last two, three years. With the advent of 3G network, data transmission need for email and SMS, more than voice, has increased peoples’ appetite for more powerful devices. Smartphones or PDA Phones that use open operating system such as Windows Mobile, Linux, or Symbian, have become powerful productivity and connectivity tools that cater to consumers’ needs, and have gained great success. The market demand helped to increase the sales volume, and drive down the unit price, which in turns stimulate more buyers. Bluetooth and Wi-Fi capabilities are newly added functions that further facilitates mobile VoIP in an economical way. Once the phone makers have taken care of issues like AEC (Acoustic Echo Cancellation), voice codec (compression/decompression), power consumption, integrated user interface for telephony, CPU loading, GSM/Wi-Fi handover, and so on, the Wi-Fi/Cellular dual-mode phone are taking the center stage of FMC. The factors that will impact the future direction of FMC:  Uncertainty of the FMC-related standards, especially for UMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access). UMA was adopted as FMC solution mostly by the mobile operators, however, it was considered as an intermediate solution toward IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem), which so far was mainly adopted by fixed-line operators. UMA-compliant products are yet to be launched and proved by the market in the later half of year 2006, its fate uncertain at this moment. SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) is now de facto standard for VoIP, yet its implementation has many variations depending on the vendor. As for IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem), its standardization process is still undergoing, VCC (Voice Call Continuity) specification is not final yet, the commercialization of IMS could take another two to four years. With all these standards evolving, both consumers and businesses could hesitate in their purchase decisions, and this may impose negative effect on FMC.  Business model of the operators. How they are going to launch FMC service, at what price, with which handheld device, will affect the end customers’ willingness to purchase. They need to provide good incentives for the end users to switch to the new dual-mode phone, and the UI needs to be intuitive enough to shorten the learning curve, and at attractive price.  As described above, the quality of the handset itself plays a critical role on the future of FMC, and its user friendliness and benefits will define the development of FMC.  How fast the enterprises will upgrade their PBX and networking facilities to integrate outbound data and voice communication. VoIP, IP PBX/Centrex, office software, and phone vendors are working together now to provide the enterprises “premised-based” FMC solutions. These solutions promise the executives more efficient administration of the phone bills, better productivity of the employees, and better customer relationship, and so on. Enterprises are the early adopters and test beds for FMC. If they find it useful, it will be helpful for the sales and distribution to the home and personal market. FMC deployment strategy varies from one operator to the other. Pure-play wired operators tend to become MVNO (Mobile Virtual Network Operator), or at least to have alliance with the mobile operators, so that they could get access to the mobile network infrastructure. Since wireline operators in most cases are also suppliers of broadband service to the home, they will take advantage of this infrastructure, and provide residential gateway (e.g. Wi-Fi access point) and Cellular/Wi-Fi dual-mode mobile phone as the FMC solution for the home market. In preparing for future, they tend to select IMS-compliant network equipments. Mobile Operators prefer UMA technology as FMC solution. It is comparatively simple in deployment in the network. Quite a few mobile operators are now in trial run of UMA. In the future, how to migrate UMA to IMS will be a challenge for those who adopt the former. For the mobile phone makers, FMC trend indicates the market opportunity of: UMA dual-mode phone, SIP Wi-Fi single-mode phone, and SIP Wi-Fi/Cellular dual-mode phone. Yet, unlike general purpose consumer market, these FMC phones need to be tied hand-in-hand with the operators for better integration of services and tariff plans. If these solutions are targeted at the enterprises, the phone makers need to work with IP PBX vendors as well. How to work with these parties, and come out good, integrated phones, is a great challenge. Fixed-mobile convergence is still evolving in the telecommunication world, with many vendors and parties involved, and each has its unique way of FMC implementation and business model. How it will turn out takes continuous research and observation. Due to its scale and influence for the future, the effort will definitely be worthwhile.

對於企業評價通常需要採取四個重要的步驟。首先是了解公司的實質營運狀況，包括對於公司的產業、競爭地位與公司策略。這些產業的資訊會結合公司的財部報表去推斷未來的公司營運。其次是根據過去的來估公司盈收能力以及財務狀況。第三，因為在台灣缺乏夠多的相似公司來做比較所以本研究採取自由現金流量折線模式來做股東權益的評價。如果對於公司能夠有深入的了解可以幫助評價的品質。最後是根據產業分析以及企業評價作出經營或是投資的決定，以增加個案公司未來的價值。 在本論文中提出一企業評價架構，而個案公司以此一架構來驗證其正確性。共有六個關鍵的區塊來實踐此一架構，其中包含了產業分析、會計報表分析、財務分析、競爭策略分析、預測未來營運以及企業評價等。值得注意的事，這六個區塊彼此相互影響。 本研究的企業評價最主要的應用為選擇股票，股票分析師在市場中，希望根據本身公司股價或是其他相似公司的股價，找出被正確、高估或是低估的股票。企業評價的工具更可以用來評估公司的重大營運決定，例如購併、收購、部門撤資、部門分割、管理買下以及槓桿買下。此外一個關心股東權益價值最大化的公司也可以利用此一評價工具評估其他的策略替代方案。 / For business valuation, there are four necessary steps to undertake. These steps include that the underlying business of the firm must be understood comprehensively first. This involves evaluating industry prospects, competitive position, and corporate strategies. The information is used together with financial statement analysis to forecast performance. Next, company earning power will be estimated based on historical performance and adopted strategy within the competitive environment including forecasts of sales, earnings, and financial position. Third, in this study the DCF model is chosen to evaluate the equity value due to lack of similar companies available in Taiwan. An in-depth understanding of the business and an ability to forecast the performance of a company help determine the quality of valuation efforts. Finally, based on the analysis of industry and business valuation, some investment or business decisions can be undertaken to improve the future values of the case company. The architecture of implement the business valuation is proposed in this study. The case company is employed to verify the validity of this architecture. There are six major function block to construct this architecture, including industry analysis, accounting analysis, financial analysis, competitive strategy analysis, forecasting prospective performance and business valuation. It is noted that these function blocks influence one anther. Industry analysis is the beginning of valuation in this architecture. Stock selection is the primary application of the business valuation presented in this study. Equity analysts attempt to identify securities as fairly valued, overvalued, or undervalued in the market, relative to either their own market price or the prices of comparable securities. Valuation tools can be used to assess the impact of corporate events such as mergers, acquisitions, divestitures, spin-offs, MBOs, or LBOs. In addition, the company concerned with maximizing shareholder value must evaluate the impact of alternative strategies on share value.

根據Canalys公司2014年所發布的統計資料，全球智慧型手機的年出貨量由2011年的5億支，預估到了2018年將會成長到18億支，2013 – 2018的年複合成長率高達12.9%。接下來幾年市場主要的成長力道將會來自以中低階手機為主中國、印度、中東歐及東南亞等新興國家。 在此同時，聯發科以及高通等晶片供應商，採取「公版架構(Reference Design)」的策略提供Turn-key Solution，大幅降低了智慧型手機的設計與製造難度，智慧型手機發展到今，產品及業界供應鏈生態已趨於成熟，對於供應鏈以及製造成本的掌控，成為廠商獲利與否的重要關鍵因素。 個案公司曾在2011年寫下EPS 73元的台股高獲利紀錄，但在2012年驟降為EPS 20元，並於2013年產生虧損。本研究將先以Porter（1980）提出的五力分析法針對手機產業進行分析，以瞭解智慧型手機的產業特性及智慧型手機業者近幾年獲利能力分配驟變的原因，同時分析五力如何影響智慧手機業的經營策略。 隨著產業結構的更迭演進，越來越多學者嘗試採用「互補」的角度來思考「競爭」，不再執著在搶食市場固定大小的餅，而是藉由適度的競爭與合作，把市場的餅做大。本研究將採用Brandenburger與 Nalebuff（1996）所提出的競合理論及價值網(ValueNet)理論，試著探討手機產業如何依據供應者、顧客、競爭者與互補者四種角色，同時融合競爭與合作兩個層面的思維，透過改變賽局的五個要素（又稱PARTS），亦即參賽者（players）、附加價值（added value）、規則（rules）、戰術（tactics）與範圍（scope），來探討H公司的委外策略，藉以提升H公司的獲利能力。 / According to Canalys 2014 research, global smartphone shipments will grow from 500 million units in 2014 to 1.8 billion units in 2018. The CAGR from 2013 to 2018 is 12.9%. Major growth will come from mid-entry level devices in emerging countries like China, India, Middle East and South East Asia countries. At the same time, Turn-key solution from MTK or Qualcomm has lowered the barrier to smartphone industry hugely. The key profit factor for key smartphone companies rely on good control of supply chain and BOM cost. H company has created the record of EPS NT$ 73 in 2011 but dropped to NT$20 in 2012 and started to lose money in 2013. This research will start from 5-force analysis by Porter (1980) and then adopt Coopetition and Value Net theory from Brandenburger and Nalebuff (1996) to explore a better outsourcing strategy for H company in order to lift it’s profitability.

資訊科技的進步與智慧型手機的普及，使得人們通訊方式改變，生活也更加依賴智慧型手機。然而，電池技術卻未能支援智慧型手機長時間使用，因此手機使用者在電量管理上的行為就變得相對重要。欲研究探討手機使用者的電量管理行為模式，須建立一個包含軟、硬體及使用者的實驗平台，本研究採用經麻省理工學院驗證的Funf Framework開放性原始碼框架，作為蒐集使用者操作紀錄資料，以情境假設觀察這些資料，定義出各情境行為模式的特徵，並根據實驗數據進行所有資料驗證。根據實驗結果，大致歸納出電量管理行為模式，此結果可提供使用者使用手機在電量管理上參考，或發展智慧型電量管理應用程式，以最佳化電量管理。 / The innovation of information technology and the spread of smart phones are changing the way that people communicate and how their livings rely on smart-phones. However, the technology of battery nowadays is still insufficient to meet the need of heavy smart-phones users; therefore, it be-comes relatively important to observe and analyze the user behavior on power management. This research aims to study the patterns of user be-havior on power management by building an experimental platform with appropriate software, hardware and users. We use the Funf Open Sensing Framework, which is originally developed at the MIT Media Lab, to collect user logs on smart phones. We have observed collected data under contex-tual assumptions, identified characteristics within the context of each be-havior pattern, and validated with the experimental data. With the result of the experiment, several patterns of power management have been classified. The experimental result can be used as a reference for the users to manage battery life, or for developing applications on smart power management that best optimizes energy consumption.

小額付款為電信業者預設開通功能，也就是使用者不須特別提出申請，就可以直接開通使用。小額付款的美意主要是為了取代小額的現金交易，增加民眾的便利性，但卻被詐騙集團利用，成為新興的詐騙手法。有網路罪犯疑似利用惡意app誘導用戶下載，等用戶下載安裝後，網路罪犯便開始擷取用戶的手機資訊，甚至攔截「小額付款」的通知簡訊，讓手機用戶在收到次期帳單後才發現莫名被消費。本篇論文將針對利用手機APP後門攔截簡訊刷小額付款提出改善方法，利用基於身份的加密系統(Identity-Based Encryption)將簡訊加密，使用者收到簡訊時，必須使用向電信公司所申請的「簡訊解密」APP才能解密讀取簡訊，這可有效解決攔截簡訊之問題，即使攻擊者攔截到簡訊，也會因為沒有解密金鑰而無法順利讀取簡訊。另外，解密金鑰利用通行碼(password)加密，所以亦不用擔心金鑰外洩之問題。由效能分析得知，將簡訊加密， 對送信方與收信方而言，其通訊成本(communication cost)與計算成本（computation cost）並不會產生太大之影響。此研究不僅可以解決攔截簡訊刷小額付款問題，其餘的重要資料的傳輸，例如：傳送用戶密碼、傳送用戶個人資料、傳送用戶金融帳戶資訊等，只要將簡訊加密，這些資料即使被攻擊者惡意攔截，也無法輕易讀取簡訊內容。 / Micropayment is the default available function opened by the telecom operators, that is, users can directly use it without making an application specially. The micropayment is mainly to replace cash transaction involving a small sum of money, so as to bring more convenience to users. However, it may be utilized by frauds, which becomes a new scam means. Some cyber-criminals are suspected to induce users to download malicious APPs. After the users download and install them, the cyber-criminals will start to retrieve users’ mobile phone information, even intercept notification SMS sent from micropayment. Consequently, until the mobile phone users receive the bill in the next term do they find the unknown payments. This paper will put forward a method to prevent intercepting the micropayment notification SMS by using the malicious APP installed on the mobile phone. It encrypts the SMS by Identity-based Public Key Cryptosystem. After the users receive the SMS, they must decrypt to read the message by using the “SMS Decryption” APP applied from the telecom company. In this way, it can effectively solve the problem of SMS interception. The attackers cannot successfully read the content without the decryption key even if they intercept the text messages. In addition, the decryption key is encrypted by password, thus users do not need to worry about the information leakage. The performance analysis shows that encrypting the text messages will not have a big effect on communication cost and computation cost of senders and receivers. This research cannot only solve the problem of swiping micropayment by SMS interception, but also protect the transmission of other important data.

智慧型手機時代來臨後，華人手機品牌廠有如雨後春筍般的冒出。本篇論文以小米、華為、宏達電作為個案研究對象，研究目的在於了解三間個案企業是如何在競爭激烈的全球市場中生存下來。關於研究發現，詳述如下： 小米是一家軟體導向的企業，採用互聯網行銷的方式，將銷售對象集中在網路顧客群，避開了屬於一級戰場的實體通路。最初在網路上建立口碑，待產品推出後，運用高性價比的特點吸引顧客，接著採用「饑渴行銷」的策略，以限量的方式去刺激顧客的購買欲望。然而，小米不靠販賣硬體獲利，主要的收入來源在於內容服務、應用程式、遊戲。 華為是一家硬體導向的企業，以販賣電信設備為主要經營業務。2009年進入到智慧型手機業務後，以「機海戰術」為領導方針，在不同價格區間都可以看到華為品牌的手機款式。2013年，施展雙品牌策略，「華為」和「榮耀」分家，主打高階手機P系列、D系列、Mate系列為華為品牌；主打中低階及網路市場為榮耀品牌。此外，華為旗下子公司海思擁有晶片自製技術，垂直整合能力在未來將會是華為角逐通訊市場的最大優勢。 宏達電是一家硬體導向的企業，屬於早期投入到智慧型手機業務的華人品牌廠，在歐美國家中具有一定的知名度。2011年曾經高居全球前五大智慧型手機品牌，競爭優勢在於工業設計及軟硬體整合，不管是手機的立體音效、鏡頭、金屬機殼都有自己的風格。雖然，在2012年第四季退出全球前十大智慧型手機品牌廠，但卻是台灣少數能夠走出國際的品牌大廠之一。 三間個案公司的競爭策略及商業模式各不相同，但卻讓世界看到了華人不是只有代工，也有能力在品牌和市場行銷做出令人印象深刻的成績。

近年來台灣民眾對於智慧型手機的依賴程度越來越高，隨著通訊費率調降、無線網路發展進步及平價化等因素,智慧型手機已融入民眾生活，不僅是通訊工具，也同時反映著使用者的生活風格與型態,並具有形象傳達的功能．從2008年在Apple宣布以iPhone 3G進軍電信業之後,許多國際品牌大廠開始重視原本只著重在滿足利基型市場的智慧型手機產品；因此，智慧型手機市場 也從2008年開始迅速由以往的利基型市場轉變為高度競爭的「紅海」戰區。當國際手機大廠皆注意到智慧型手機市場且當功能性手機市場幾乎已達到飽和狀態下,智慧型手機的廠商就必須絞盡腦汁來因應即將到來的激烈市場競爭。因此,除了智慧型手機廠商在硬體規格上的不斷推陳出新及價格上的低價競爭，如何去開發品牌以增加顧客忠誠度已是今日各廠商需重視的課題之一。 本研究以問卷調查的實證研究方式，共得到有效問卷 226份，探討品牌形象、品牌個性、自我概念、顧客體驗性價值會如何影響品牌忠誠度,期望本研究能夠找出提供品牌廠商在品牌事業上的經營或行銷策略建議以期提升消費者的長期品牌忠誠度。 研究結果發現：自我概念對於品牌個性與品牌形象皆有不同顯著的影響，而顧客體驗性價值受到產品使用行為的影響，顧客體驗價值對於品牌忠誠度也有顯著的影響，品牌個性及品牌形象對於品牌忠誠度皆有正向影響，其中象徵性品牌形象影響最為顯著; 最後,本研究針對不同自我概念下的智慧型手機消費者，根據本研究所論述之品牌個性和品牌形象因素,提出相關行銷建議與策略。

近年來，智慧型手機(Smartphone)的銷量超過其他型式手機。智慧型手機具有更先進、更開放的行動作業系統，可允許使用者自行安裝應用程式軟體(Application)來擴充手機功能。目前市面上的應用程式數量非常龐大，在眾多的應用程式和有限的時間下，使用者不太可能將所有的應用程式下載試用，所以對使用者而言，找出自己所想要和需要的應用程式，是個困難的問題。推薦系統可依照使用者的喜好，或是準備推薦項目的相似程度來做推薦，讓使用者能較快得到想要的資訊，目前主要的方式有協同過濾(Collaborative Filtering, CF)、內容過濾(Content-Based Filtering, CBF)，還有結合前述兩種方式的混和式推薦(Hybrid Approach)。 本研究所使用的資料集是由政治大學資訊科學系所開發的實驗平台蒐集而來。資料以側錄的方式，將使用者實際操作手機應用程式的狀況記錄下來，其中包含了25位使用者和1125個應用程式。我們將原始資料集以三種方式整理成三個資料集：一、是否使用應用程式；二、使用應用程式的次數；三、使用應用程式的頻率，其值表示使用者在該應用程式的使用狀況。我們並將資料分成前段與後段時間兩部分，以前段時間的資料當作基準，推薦最多同群使用者使用的應用程式、同群使用者使用次數最多的應用程式，以及同群使用者最常使用的應用程式，然後以後段時間的資料做驗證，計算推薦結果的準確率與召回率加以比較。 我們使用知名的Information Theoretic Co-Clustering Algorithm和兩種基於Minimum Squared Residue Co-Clustering Algorithm的演算法將使用者與應用程式分群，利用分群結果做計算，推薦應用程式給使用者。實驗發現三種演算法在第一個資料集的準確率與召回率表現最好，此資料集以0和1的值，來紀錄使用者在各應用程式的使用狀況。實驗比較三個演算法的結果，在大部分的情況之下，一個基於Minimum Squared Residue Co-Clustering Algorithm的演算法，給出的結果較好。 此外，我們也發現應用程式開發者將應用程式上架提供下載時，以個人主觀想法對該應用程式定義其分類，與我們利用雙分群方法，以使用者實際操作的情況將應用程式分類的結果有些差異，或許在Google Play的分類上可做調整。 本研究提出推薦系統的框架具有彈性，未來可以使用不同的雙分群演算法做分群，也能套用其他的推薦方式。 / With the rapid evolution of smartphone devices, tens of thousands applications have been supplied on online stores such as App Store (operated by Apple Inc.) and Google Play (operated by Google Inc.). Since there are many applications, recommending applications to users becomes an important topic. In this thesis, we present a framework for using a co-clustering algorithm to recommend applications to users. Recommendations are a part of everyday life. People usually rely on some external knowledge to make informed decisions about a particular artifact or action. Using recommender systems is one of general approaches that help people make decisions. There are three common types of recommender systems, namely collaborative filtering, content-based filtering, and hybrid recommender systems. In this thesis, we use the dataset that was collected by a tool developed by the Department of Computer Science at the National Chengchi University. It recorded the users’ behavior when they were using their smartphones. We transform the original dataset into three types of datasets: 1) indicating whether a user used an application; 2) indicating the number of uses made by a user for an application; 3) indicating the frequency of uses made by a user for an application. Furthermore, we divide each dataset into two parts: The first part containing data for the early time period is used as the recommending base, and the second part containing data for the late time period is used for verifying the results. We utilize three famous co-clustering algorithms, which are the Information Theoretic Co-Clustering Algorithm and two algorithms based on the Minimum Squared Residue Co-Clustering Algorithm, in the proposed framework. According to the clusters given by a co-clustering algorithm, we recommend top five applications to each user by referring to the maximum number of users, the maximum number of uses, and the most frequently used applications that are in the same cluster. We calculate the precision and recall values to compare the results. From the experimental results, we find that the best result corresponds to the first type of dataset and also that one of the algorithms based on the Minimum Squared Residue Co-Clustering Algorithm is better than the other two algorithms in terms of the precision and recall values. From the clusters of applications, we obtain some interesting insights into the categories of applications. The categories of applications are set by their developers, but the users may not totally agree with the settings. There might be space for improvement for the categories of applications on the online store. In the future, we can utilize different co-clustering algorithms and other recommended methods in the proposed framework.