This paper examines in what way the heterosexual matrix is challenged by Stephenie Meyer in Breaking dawn (Så länge vi båda andas). By doing a thematic study on the various family constellations appearing in the novel, I search for the queer elements in it. I discuss incest, family building and motherhood, and find that there are numerous queer elements associated with the themes I have chosen. I conclude that the Cullen family challenges the heterosexual matrix, despite not being typical queer vampire characters. I also find that building a successful family is not based on gender or constellation otherwise, but is instead dependant on democracy and equality. Bella has a desire to taste the blood of both her daughter and her father, interpreted as an incestuous desire. I find similarities between Bella’s extreme motherhood behaviors and how drag show artists parody gender. / Denna uppsats undersöker på vilka sätt Stephenie Meyer utmanar den heterosexuella matrisen i Så länge vi båda andas. Genom att göra en queerteoretisk temastudie utifrån temat familj undersöker jag de queera elementen i texten. Jag behandlar incest, familjebildning och moderskap och kommer fram till att det finns många queera inslag i mina valda teman. I min analys drar jag slutsatsen att familjen Cullen, trots att de inte är klassiska queera vampyrkaraktärer ändå utmanar den heterosexuella matrisen. Jag kommer även fram till att framgången i en familjebildning inte ligger i kön, eller konstruktion, utan i demokrati och jämställdhet. När Bella åtrår sin faders och dotterns blod tolkar jag detta i sin kontext som ett incestuöst begär. Jag jämför extremismen i Bellas moderskap med hur dragshowartisten parodierar genus.

The purpose of this essey is to investigate whether and if so how women's separatist music rooms can create an extended acting space for female musicians. To do this, I have conducted an interview study of organizers and former music participants at the organizations Popkollo and Femtastic. The analytical discussions is held with the theoretical approach of Judith Butler's "heterosexual matrix" and Cecilia Björck's interpretation of Michel Foucault's "The gender disciplinary gaze". The results show that the main reason to choose women's separatist music room has been a longing to ”take place” and to ”get to the be yourself". Furthermore, the results show that the room enabled a liberation from outsiders ideal images of the "mild" and "fragile" female musician, whereupon more expressive positions was made possible. The study also reveald a dilemma in a balance to be liberated, but at the same time adapt to popular music gender-coded ideals. Furthermore the results show that in this context it is sometimes perceived as disfavouring to be coded as both a female artist and a feminist. This is because of the tendency to be seen and treated as a homogenous group with a common political agenda. Finally, I note, however, that women's separatist music room at least can create possibilities for an extended acting space as the informants has expressed a development both personally and musically.

Este trabajo propone un acercamiento doble a la novela La Revuelta de Sonia Montecino, donde pensamos que tanto la teoría queer como el origen mapuche son de gran importancia en la construcción identitaria de la protagonista. Nuestro análisis consiste en un intento de relacionar la búsqueda de una identidad por parte de la protagonista, mediante una subversión del sexo, por un lado, y mediante la vuelta a los ancestros, por otro. La hipótesis principal de nuestro trabajo es que La Revuelta presenta una propuesta alternativa sobre la construcción identitaria femenina. Para abarcar nuestra investigación nos empleamos de diferentes herramientas metodológicas, como la teoría queer desarrollada por Judith Butler y la cultura mapuche sintetizada por el antropólogo Rolf Foerster. Al igual que nos detenemos en los estudios del sociólogo chileno Jorge Larraín que nos sirven para comprender el contexto en el que se sitúa la trama de la novela, asimismo como recurrimos a Genette y Greimas para llevar a cabo un estudio narratológico, dado que nuestro cuerpo de investigación ha sido un texto narrativo. / This paper proposes the use of a dual approach of queer theory and the importance of the indigenous Mapuche identity, to analyze the identity construction of the protagonist in the novel La Revuelta. The analysis is an attempt to relate the search for identity by the protagonist, through a subversion of gender on the one hand and the return to the ancestral past on the other. The main hypothesis of our work is that La Revuelta presents an alternative proposal on female identity construction. To execute our research we employ different methodological tools, such as queer theory developed by Judith Butler and the theories on Mapuche culture compiled by anthropologist Rolf Foerster. We also focus on the studies of the Chilean sociologist Jorge Larraín, which allow us to understand the context in which the plot of the novel is set, as well as referring to Genette and Greimas in order to conduct a narratological study.

The construction of an identity among lesbian women during 1950-­‐1965 is in focus in this master ́s thesis. My starting point is that identity, such as lesbian or any other identity, is formed in relation to other people and groups, as well as society. This thesis will also examine how lesbian women met and formed bonds with like-­minded, and whether these aspects changed, during the defined time period. The empirics is made up by letters written by women to Riksförbundet för sexuellt likaberättigande (a Swedish organisation for lesbian and gays) as well as an interview with two lesbian women who were born in 1938 and 1940. The theoretical approach is queer theory and phenomenology. In summary: I have found that women in this study to a great extent formed their identity in relation to prevailing scientific ideas that claimed to explicate homosexuality. Disappointments in marriage and personal failures were stressed by the women writers in order to explain their lesbian desires. Some of them also put equal weight on the relationship between a high sexual drive/nymphomania and homosexuality. Among many lesbians outside Stockholm in the 1950’s personal ads played a major role in order for them to meet with like-­minded women. The women in this study travelled long distances with the aim to visit pen friends in other parts of Sweden. Through those penfriends they were also introduced to other lesbian women, showing how lesbian networks emerged and grew.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-06-04T12:26:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Frédéric Grieco Deij Moral Gil - 2018.pdf: 1232129 bytes, checksum: 24a0355217038150e82e1a723f45c60d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-06-04T12:31:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Frédéric Grieco Deij Moral Gil - 2018.pdf: 1232129 bytes, checksum: 24a0355217038150e82e1a723f45c60d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-04T12:31:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Frédéric Grieco Deij Moral Gil - 2018.pdf: 1232129 bytes, checksum: 24a0355217038150e82e1a723f45c60d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-11 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / In the novel Uma aprendizagem ou O livro dos prazeres by Clarice Lispector, originally published in 1969, the main characters, Loreley and Ulisses, seek their own psychological maturity, so that a deep and lasting affective-sexual relationship can be built between them. Thus, it is noticeable, in the process of psychological development sought by the protagonists of the novel, the establishment of a heteroeroticism between them, that is, of an eroticism between subjects that have different gender identities, within the binary logic of feminine-masculine that underlies the heterosexual matrix in our society. This heteroeroticism between Loreley and Ulisses is consolidated, throughout the narrative, through gender performativities, which are, as Judith Butler (2003, 2016) theorizes, discursive reiterations that aim to ensure the intelligibility of sexual differentiation socio-historically-culturally, amid a “regulatory ideal” that promotes the maintenance of certain power relations. However, there are not only maintenances of gender performativities of the heterosexual matrix throughout Lispector’s novel, but also some subversions/transgressions/inversions in relation to them, which can be identified, for example, in parodies – intertexts with critical distance (HUTCHEON, 1989) – with heteroerotic configurations present in the narrative. Thereby, this master’s thesis aims to analyze and reflect on how the heteroeroticism between Loreley and Ulisses is established, along textual and intertextual (parodistic) instances, either by leading to gender performativities of the heterosexual matrix, or by subverting them. In order to support the analysis proposed in this paper, I mainly resort to theoretical formulations by Linda Hutcheon (1989), Howard Bloch (1995), Elizabeth Grosz (2000), Judith Butler (2003, 2016), Zygmunt Bauman (2004), Simone de Beauvoir (2009), Kathryn Woodward (2012), Tomaz Tadeu da Silva (2012), Stuart Hall (2012), Georges Bataille (2014) and Michel Foucault (2012, 2013, 2015). / No romance Uma aprendizagem ou O livro dos prazeres de Clarice Lispector, publicado originalmente em 1969, os personagens principais, Loreley e Ulisses, buscam o próprio amadurecimento psicológico para que seja possível construir entre eles uma relação afetivo-sexualprofunda e duradoura. Dessa forma, é notável, em meio ao processo de desenvolvimento psicológico buscado pelos protagonistas do romance, o estabelecimento de um heteroerotismo entre eles, ou seja, de um erotismo entre sujeitos que possuem distintas identidades de gênero, dentro da lógica binária de feminino-masculino que alicerça a matriz heterossexual em nossa sociedade. Esse heteroerotismo entre Loreley e Ulisses é consolidado, ao longo da narrativa, através de performatividades de gênero, que são, como teoriza Judith Butler (2003, 2016), reiterações discursivas que visam a assegurar sócio-histórico-culturalmente a inteligibilidade da diferenciação sexual, em meio a um “ideal regulatório” que agencia a manutenção de certas relações de poder. Entretanto, não ocorrem apenas manutenções das performatividades de gênero da matriz heterossexual ao longo do romance de Lispector, mas também algumas subversões/transgressões/inversões em relação a elas, que podem ser identificadas, por exemplo, em paródias – intertextos com distanciamento crítico (HUTCHEON, 1989) – com configurações heteroeróticas presentes na narrativa. Assim sendo, esta Dissertação objetiva analisar e refletir sobre como o heteroerotismo entre Loreley e Ulisses é estabelecido, ao longo de instâncias textuais e intertextuais (parodísticas), ora agenciando as performatividades de gênero da matriz heterossexual, ora subvertendo-as. Para embasar a análise proposta neste trabalho, conto principalmente com formulações teóricas de Linda Hutcheon (1989), Howard Bloch (1995), Elizabeth Grosz (2000), Judith Butler (2003, 2016), Zygmunt Bauman (2004), Simone de Beauvoir (2009), Kathryn Woodward (2012), Tomaz Tadeu da Silva (2012), Stuart Hall (2012), Georges Bataille (2014) e Michel Foucault (2012, 2013, 2015).

In this essay seven children’s books aimed at the age group 6-9 years are read using a matrix to determine if the characters, from a viewpoint considering current gender norms and power, are normative, norm-breaking or falsely norm-breaking. The latter means that they have been attributed transgressive characteristics without there being any shift in power balance from the masculine to the feminine. Results show that the authors have tried to break gender norms, for example with regards to the child -characters’ clothes, which are consistently very alike regardless of gender. These efforts remain shallow as the power still rests with the boys, whose awareness of their own position within the gender -power system give them a sense of intrinsic power (power-to). The female characters reflect societal gender norms by being self-effacing, compliant and reactive, for example by praising the boys, providing them with room to be competent as well as both silencing themselves and letting themselves be silenced. The boy -characters show falsely norm-breaking behaviour in some areas, for example by having atypically broad emotional spectra, yet the boys’ superiority is retained and is reflected in their behaviour towards the female characters. / I denna uppsats granskas sju stycken barnböcker för åldersgruppen 6–9 år utifrån en matris för att bestämma ifall karaktärerna, med utgångspunkt i rådande genusnormer och i förhållande till makt, är normativa, normbrytande eller falskt normbrytande. Det senare innebär att de tillskrivs transgressiva egenskaper, utan att någon maktförskjutning från det maskulina till det feminina sker.Resultatet visar på försök från författarnas sida att bryta genusnormer, t.ex. vad gäller barnkaraktärernas kläder som genomgående är mycket lika oavsett genustillhörighet. Dessa försök blir dock ytliga då makten i de flesta fall fortfarande vilar hos pojkarna, vilkas medvetenhet om sin position i könsmaktssystemet ger dem en inneboende känsla av makt (power-to). De kvinnliga karaktärerna reflekterar samhällets normer genom att vara omvärldsorienterade, fogliga och reaktiva, t.ex. genom att berömma pojkkaraktärerna, ge dem utrymme att vara kompetenta samt att både tysta sig själva och låta sig tystas. Pojkkaraktärerna visar på vissa områden exempel på falskt normbrytande beteende, t.ex. genom att ha atypiskt breda känslospektra, medan pojkarnas överordning kvarstår och reflekteras i deras beteende gentemot flickkaraktärerna.

The thesis elaborates upon a question which literary techniques Jeanette Winterson applies in her novels The Passion and Written on the Body to portray queer body. The thesis conceptualizes queer body as crystallizing in discontinuous relationships between the categories of sex, gender identity and compulsory heterosexuality within Butlerian heterosexual matrix. The possibility of discontinuous relationships between them - gender disorder - is realised in the act of beholding queer body. Conceptualization of queer body embedded within the Butlerian heterosexual matrix has not been elaborated upon in the full scope of Jeanette Winterson's work. Literary criticism deals with the body in Written on the Body, not, however, in the context of Butlerian model of heterosexual matrix. Articulation of queer body is realized by deconstructive techniques of Jeanette Winterson's writing. These are comprised in the motifs of mirroring in The Passion and palimpsest in Written on the Body. Ontological anxiety in The Passion brings queer body. Magic realism in the novel gives queer body magical skills which make gender disorder possible. Queer body is abject in the novel. In Written on the Body genderless narrator describes queer body as his/her body. It is an adorable and morbid body. The queer body in this novel...

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<p>Mot bakgrund av att asexualitet på senare år formulerats som en möjlig sexuell identitet, orientering eller preferens är syftet med uppsatsen att teoretisera den asexuella positionen – här definierat som ”frånvaro av lust till sexuell praktik”. Detta görs genom en nära läsning av fyra texter som varit centrala inom feministisk och queer teoribildning, med intentionen att undersöka hur asexualitet positioneras i relation till dessa teorier. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna hämtas från feministiska och konstruktivistiska teorier om kön, sexualitet, makt och subjektstatus, främst Michel Foucault (1976)och Judith Butler (1990). Mina läsningar visar att i Gayle Rubins sexuella värdehierarki (1984) tilldelas positioner utifrån sexuellt aktörskap, och det är således sexuella subjekt som kan emanciperas. I Adrienne Rich’s text om obligatorisk heterosexualitet (1980) tillskrivs även den icke-sexuella kvinnan aktörskapet att undkomma tvångsheterosexualisering - Rich’s införande av ett lesbiskt kontinuum kan ses som en dekonstruktion av en sexuell kategori. I min läsning av Michael Warner (1993) frågar jag huruvida den queera metoden även kan användas till att ifrågasätta normer om att vara sexuell, och i min läsning av Butler (1990) diskuterar jag frånvaro av begär i relation till möjliga subjektspositioner inom ramen för en heterosexuell matris. I min slutdiskussion återknyter jag till Foucault, och problematiserar (a)sexualitet ur ett könsmaktsperspektiv. Jag avslutar med att problematisera den gränsdragning mellan sexuellt och icke-sexuellt vi alla ständigt avkrävs att göra.</p>

Mot bakgrund av att asexualitet på senare år formulerats som en möjlig sexuell identitet, orientering eller preferens är syftet med uppsatsen att teoretisera den asexuella positionen – här definierat som ”frånvaro av lust till sexuell praktik”. Detta görs genom en nära läsning av fyra texter som varit centrala inom feministisk och queer teoribildning, med intentionen att undersöka hur asexualitet positioneras i relation till dessa teorier. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna hämtas från feministiska och konstruktivistiska teorier om kön, sexualitet, makt och subjektstatus, främst Michel Foucault (1976)och Judith Butler (1990). Mina läsningar visar att i Gayle Rubins sexuella värdehierarki (1984) tilldelas positioner utifrån sexuellt aktörskap, och det är således sexuella subjekt som kan emanciperas. I Adrienne Rich’s text om obligatorisk heterosexualitet (1980) tillskrivs även den icke-sexuella kvinnan aktörskapet att undkomma tvångsheterosexualisering - Rich’s införande av ett lesbiskt kontinuum kan ses som en dekonstruktion av en sexuell kategori. I min läsning av Michael Warner (1993) frågar jag huruvida den queera metoden även kan användas till att ifrågasätta normer om att vara sexuell, och i min läsning av Butler (1990) diskuterar jag frånvaro av begär i relation till möjliga subjektspositioner inom ramen för en heterosexuell matris. I min slutdiskussion återknyter jag till Foucault, och problematiserar (a)sexualitet ur ett könsmaktsperspektiv. Jag avslutar med att problematisera den gränsdragning mellan sexuellt och icke-sexuellt vi alla ständigt avkrävs att göra.