Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T11:06:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA APARECIDA PORFIRIO.pdf: 639808 bytes, checksum: 49609439c7ba2c09d270ae2162dcd598 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-13 / This work aims at studying the symbolic dimension as well as the poetization of the space within four short stories of the book, The thread of beads (O fio das missangas), by the Mozambican writer, Mia Couto, published in Brazil in 2009. The corpus was composed by the following short stories: A matter of honor, and The grandmother, The city and the traffic lights, in which spaces are built to house the elderly in society, then the short stories The wrinkled skirt and The basket spaces where the woman‟s oppression were made present. The proposal of this analysis was to reflect upon the ways in which the image is transformed into a new being of language, becoming a change of expression that is a change of our being . The studies developed by the French philosopher Gaston Bachelard in The poetics of the space, where life shows a profound and daring novelty, and The Poetics of the Air and the Dreams, which studies the mobile and creative function of the making of art, as a privileged function in regards to the perceptions were used as theoretical framework. The concept of space here is taken as a tool of analysis of the human soul, in that it acquires floating and imaginary traits of mythical and symbolic order, as proposed by Jean Chevalier and Gheerbrant in the Dictionary of Symbol. In addition, the studies on African literature and culture, especially critical literary studies carried out by Maria Fernanda Afonso, Ana Mafalda Leite, Carmem Lúcia Secco, Maria Zilda Cury and by Mia Couto himself were considered important. Thus, we sought to reflect upon the way this particular author has to perform his creative transfiguration, bring to life not only a master piece full of enchantment, but also it provides us with a much deeper dimension of the human soul. / Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar a dimensão simbólica e a poetização do espaço em quatro contos do livro, O fio das missangas, do escritor moçambicano, Mia Couto, publicado no Brasil em 2009. Fizeram parte do nosso corpus os seguintes contos Uma questão de honra, e A avó, a cidade e o semáforo, nos quais estão configurados os espaços em que se inserem a figura do idoso na sociedade; depois, os contos A saia almarrotada e O cesto em que se fazem presentes os espaços de opressão da mulher. A proposta dessa análise foi refletir obre os modos pelos quais a imagem se transforma num novo ser da linguagem, tornando-se um devir de expressão que é um devir de nosso ser . Utilizamos como fundamentação teórica, os estudos desenvolvidos pelo filósofo francês Gaston Bachelard em A poética do espaço que trata a imagem poética como uma emergência da linguagem, onde a vida se mostra por uma profunda e audaz novidade, e A Poética do Ar e dos Sonhos, que estuda a função móvel e criadora do fazer artístico, como função privilegiada em relação às percepções. Toma-se, aqui, o espaço como um instrumento de análise da alma humana, onde ela adquire caráter flutuante e imaginário, de ordem mítica e simbólica, como querem Jean Chevalier e Gheerbrant, no Dicionário de Símbolos. Também consideramos importantes os estudos desenvolvidos sobre a literatura e a cultura Africanas, especialmente os estudos críticos literários levados a efeito por Maria Fernanda Afonso, Ana Mafalda Leite, Carmem Lúcia Secco, Maria Zilda Cury e pelo próprio Mia Couto. Dessa forma, procuramos refletir sobre o modo particular que esse autor tem de realizar sua transfiguração criadora, instaurando uma obra não só plena de encanto, mas que nos dá uma dimensão muito profunda da alma humana.

Apollinaire, Cendrars et Maïakovski vivent une époque de changements qui modifient l’ordre des choses, offrant une mutation dont le progrès technique est l’illustration la plus évidente pour ces poètes qui glorifient les nouveaux moyens de communication comme le train dont le mouvement ininterrompu sert de fil conducteur à tout le poème de Cendrars la Prose du transsibérien et de la petite Jehanne de France ou comme l’aviation chantée par Apollinaire dans « Zone » et mise en scène par Maïakovski dans Le prolétaire volant. Le voyage devient un thème privilégié de cette poésie résolument tournée vers le mouvement. Entrevoyant une transformation irréversible, ils se trouvent aussi confrontés à un monde nouveau, qu’ils appréhendent dans sa misère, sa violence et son caractère brut. La ville moderne en est l’un des motifs les plus emblématiques. Elle apparaît comme un décor théâtralisé et digne de devenir objet d’une poésie qui se veut novatrice. Chantres de cette modernité naissante, ils se font les témoins voire les porte-parole de l’humanité misérable qui hante ce décor. Apollinaire et Cendrars évoquent souvent les émigrants, populations déracinées, sans patrie, en quête d’un illusoire Eldorado, tandis Maïakovski fait défiler toute une série d’infirmes dans sa tragédie Vladimir Maïakovski tragédie. Si le monde moderne devient objet d’observation, il est aussi cadre de l’errance poétique. A la soif de voyage de Cendrars correspond une problématique interrogation existentielle, alors qu’Apollinaire, entre tradition et modernité, confronte le mal être du mal aimé au monde qui l’entoure. Maïakovski, lui, cherche désespérément, à travers un lyrisme exacerbé, à lutter contre un esprit bourgeois et ignorant de la misère et des transformations du monde et à convaincre de la nécessité d’instaurer la révolution de façon complète. Marqués par la conscience aiguë de la nouveauté, ils se trouvent cependant pris entre un monde ancien, rejeté mais toujours présent, et un avenir incertain et inquiétant. C’est dans ce contexte que se met en place la problématique quête du moi. Le poète se heurte à un monde autre, indifférent qui ne le comprend pas, qu’il cherche à apprivoiser et à façonner tout en construisant une identité bien fragile. De l’observation du monde moderne arpenté par le poète naît une esthétique de la trivialité poétisée dans l’évocation d’une réalité crue, nue sans détour ni euphémisme. Le beau y côtoie le laid, à la suite de Baudelaire qui introduisit le monde moderne dans la poésie. Ainsi l’actualité vécue de façon aiguë fait –elle l’objet de l’attention du poète et devient poésie. Rendre le réel dans son immédiateté induit un lyrisme intense et douloureux où la quête prend la forme d’une plainte, d’une supplique et d’une révolte en même temps qu’elle pose un questionnement sur la poésie, ses formes nouvelles et son rôle dans ce monde moderne. / Apollinaire, Cendrars et Maïakovski lived in an era of changes which initiated a new order of things, bringing about a transformation best illustrated by technical progress in the minds of these poets who glorified the new means of communication such as the train whose steady movement is the main thread of the whole poem by Cendrars Prose du transsibérien et de la petite Jehanne de France, or the plane glorified by Apollinaire in « Zone » or staged by Maïakovski in Le prolétaire Volant. Travelling became the privileged theme of this poetry consecrated to movement. Foreseeing an irreversible transformation, they were confronted with a new world that they grasped through its wretchedness, its violence and its rawness. The modern city is one of their most emblematic motives and it seems like a theatre set deserving of becoming the subject of a new poetry meant to be innovative. As the heralds of this budding modernity, they became the witnesses and even the spokepersons of wretched mankind who haunts this setting. Apollinaire and Cendrars evoke the migrants, the uprooted and stateless populations in quest for an unrealistic Eldorado whereas Maïakovski in his tragedy Vladimir Maïakovski presented a series of disabled people. If the modern world turned into a subject of observation, it is also a frame for poetic wandering. To Cendrars's thirst for travelling corresponds the problematic questioning of existence whereas Apollinaire, between tradition and modernity, opposes the malaise of the unloved one to the surrounding world. For Maiakovski's part, through heightened lyricism, he desperately seeks to struggle against a « bourgeois spirit » which ignores the misery and great changes of the world and to convince of the necessity to bring about an utter revolution. Impregnated by an acute awareness of novelty, they are caught between an old world, rejected but still present, and an uncertain worrisome future. It's within this context that the problem of the quest for the self is outlined. The poet comes up against a different and insensitive world which doesn't understand him, a world he tries to tame and shape while forging a quite fragile identity. An aesthetic of triviality poeticized in the depiction of a gritty, naked reality in an upfront way and with no hint of exaggeration is born of the poet's observation of the modern world. The beautiful is seen beside the ugly, as for Baudelaire who introduced the modern world to poetry. Thus reality experienced in a sharp way is the focus of the poet's attention and turns out to be poetry. Portraying the reality in its immediacy implies an intense and painful lyricism in which the quest turns out to be moaning, a plea and a rebellion as it questions poetry itself, its new forms and its status and role in the modern world.

En dépit de la pléthore d’ouvrages existant sur le travail poétique d’Aimé Césaire et de Léopold Sédar Senghor, il en existe peu concernant l’exploitation de l’imaginaire à travers les concepts littéraires de l’épopée et du lyrisme. Bien que partageant une même histoire, Césaire et Senghor vivent une réalité politique, identitaire et culturelle différente. Ils abordent ainsi différemment les concepts d’épopée et de lyrisme qui prennent en compte l’histoire, le combat, l’expression des sentiments, le chant, l’art, l’intrusion de l’imaginaire et des mythes.Plus précisément, en fond de toile d’un imaginaire marqué, l’épopée narre la gloire d’un héros ou l’histoire d’un peuple. Et le lyrisme s’articule comme l’expression des sentiments personnels où le poète chante ses émotions, ses joies, ses peines et ses aspirations vers un idéal. On pourrait donc se demander quelles sont les empreintes épiques et lyriques qui participent à l’herméneutique de cette poésie négro-africaine. Et en quoi cette proposition de lecture nous invite à un croisement entre l’histoire, l’imaginaire et à la visée d’un idéal. / Despite the plethora of existing structures on the poetic work of Aimé Césaire and Léopold Sédar Senghor, there is little about the operation of the imagination through the literary concepts of the epic and lyricism. While sharing a common history, Senghor and Césaire experiencing a political, cultural identity and different. They thus address the different epic and lyrical concepts that take into account the history, the struggle, the expression of feelings, singing, art, the intrusion of fantasy and myth. Specifically, a backdrop of a marked fantasy, epic narrates the glory of a hero or the history of a community. And lyricism is structured as an expression of personal feelings which the poet sings his emotions, joys, sorrows and aspirations towards an Ideal.

La poésie française doit-elle ses avancées contemporaines à une certaine « alchimie verbale » ? En convoquant Hermès dans son œuvre, Salah Stétié offre une visibilité à la problématique de l'intégration de l'alchimie dans le champ de la poésie. Par cette voie, nous projetons d'inaugurer une facette de l'œuvre de Salah Stétié qui n'a fait l'objet d'aucun discours critique jusqu'à présent, puisque les exégètes ont toujours ramené cette poésie à l'influence de la tradition musulmane, délaissant la saveur de la substance au profit de l'apparence et de la doctrine. En même temps, ce sera l'occasion de réhabiliter, voire de redéfinir la science d'Hermès, eu égard à cette alliance poético-alchimique. La première partie entreprend l'état des lieux, en défrichant le terrain hermétique, son statut par rapport aux sciences de l'homme et son apport à la poésie. Après ce cadrage théorique, les deux parties suivantes s'intéresseront à l'usage de l'hermétisme par Salah Stétié. L'élaboration d'un nouveau langage implique profondément l'alchimie de la substance. D'une part, l'entente opérée par le poète, fils d'Hermès, entre l'Orient et l'Occident se traduit par un français croisé d'arabe. D'autre part, les images mentales renvoient à un processus souterrain qui, mettant en jeu les forces de l'inconscient, la chair organique et cosmique, la musique des mots, le souffle du lecteur, remet en perspective des concepts littéraires et des notions méthodologiques (francophonie, hermétisme, approches critiques …). / Does the French poetry owe its contemporary advances to a certain " verbal alchemy "? By summoning Hermes in his work, Salah Stétié offers a visibility to the problem of the integration of the alchemy in the field of the poetry. By this way, we intend to inaugurate a facet of the work of Salah Stétié which didn't make the object of any critical speech until now, because the exegetes always returned this poetry to the influence of the Islamic tradition, abandoning the flavour of the substance for the benefit of the appearance and of the doctrine. At the same time, it will be the occasion to rehabilitate, even to redefine the science of Hermes, in consideration of this poetic/alchemical alliance. The first part begins the inventory of fixtures, by cultivating the hermetic ground, its status with regard to the human sciences and its contribution in the poetry. After this theoretical centring, following both parts will be interested in aid of the hermeticism in Salah Stétié. The elaboration of a new language involves profoundly the alchemy of the substance. On one hand, the agreement operated by the poet, son of Hermes, between the East and the West is translated by crossed French of Arabic. On the other hand, the mental images send back to an underground process which, involving the strengths of the unconscious, the organic and cosmic flesh, the music of the words, the breath of the reader, puts back in prospect some literary concepts and methodological notions (francophonie, hermeticism, critical approaches…).

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No. of bitstreams: 1 alencar_rn_dr_sjrp.pdf: 1539664 bytes, checksum: 4a5ee6a7e490c463710444ae8278fbb9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Empreendemos, nesta pesquisa, um estudo crítico-analítico da produção poética que compreende os livros Liturgia da matéria, Mínima lírica, Trovar claro, Macau, Tarde e Formas do nada, de Paulo Henriques Britto, observando a relação entre o lirismo contemporâneo e o lirismo constituído pelas tradições clássico-renascentista, romântica e moderna. A hipótese é a de que para esse poeta existe um incômodo, ou seja, um mal-estar, quando a questão é o lirismo contemporâneo. A produção poética de Britto, configurada nos seis livros que publicou ao longo de 30 anos de carreira, coloca-se como autorreflexiva, questionando a sua natureza e a sua função em meio a uma época saturada de projetos, em tese, finalizados, haja vista já ter sido anunciado o fim da modernidade e o das utopias disseminadas pelas vanguardas europeias e pelo modernismo brasileiro. Seja no modo de ser da linguagem, seja na escolha de temas, seja na organização formal, investigamos nessa produção poética a constituição do lirismo na contemporaneidade que, por sua vez, retorna à modernidade, do final do século XIX e início do século XX, e retorna também ao soneto com o intuito de promover uma discussão norteada pelo uso das formas poéticas. Depreendemos, do estudo realizado, que o lirismo de Britto se constitui das leituras que faz, dos poetas que traduz, das discussões que propõe a partir das formas fixas e livres, enfim, da autorreflexividade crítica. Aliada a essa experiência poética, inserem-se possibilidades que priorizam o “aqui e agora”. Lemos, nesse “aqui e agora”, a manifestação de traços da literatura contemporânea, que vão desde o modo como o poeta se posiciona no seu presente à modulação que realiza do passado. A sua poesia demanda um trabalho de recolocar questões e, ao fazê-lo, altera o cenário por onde transita. Do ponto de vista teórico-crítico, fundamentam esta pesquisa concepções de estudiosos como Hugo Friedrich, Michel Hamburguer, Alfonso Berardinelli, Octavio Paz, Michel Collot, Gottfried Benn, Marcos Siscar, Arlenice Almeida da Silva e Célia Pedrosa. / We develop, in this research, a critical and analytical study of the poetic production that comprises the books Liturgia da matéria, Mínima lírica, Trovar claro, Macau, Tarde and Formas do nada, by Paulo Henriques Britto, observing the relationship between the contemporary lyricism and the lyricism of the Classical, Renaissance, Romantic and Modern traditions. The hypothesis is that, for that poet, there is a discomfort, that is, an uneasiness regarding the contemporary lyricism. Britto's poetic production, arranged in the six books published throughout the thirty years of his career, positions itself as self-reflexive, questioning its nature and its function in a period flooded by projects that are, in theory, already finished, given the announcements of the end of the Modernity, as well as of the utopias widespread by the European Vangards and by the Brazilian Modernism. Whether related to the manner of the language, whether to the choice of themes, whether to its formal organization, we investigate, in that poetic production, the constitution of the lyricism in contemporaneity, that recaptures the sonnet with the intention of promoting a discussion of the use of poetic forms and also recaptures the modern aporias of end of the 19th century and of the beginning of the 20th. We concluded, from the study carried out, that Britto’s lyricism is constituted by the readings that he does, by the poets he translates, by the discussions he proposes about the fixed and unfixed forms, in short, by the critical self-reflexivity. Combined with this poetic experience, a world of possibilities that prioritizes the “here and now” is placed. We interpret this “here and now” as the manifestation of aspects of the contemporary literature, ranging from the way the poet positions himself in his present to the modulation that he carries out about the past. His poetry demands the task of posing questions and, in doing so, changes the scenario where it transits. From the theoretical and critical perspective, this work is grounded in conceptions provided by researchers such as Hugo Friedrich, Michel Hamburguer, Alfonso Berardinelli, Octavio Paz, Michel Collot, Gottfried Benn, Marcos Siscar, Arlenice Almeida da Silva and Célia Pedrosa.

[pt] A dissertação visa abordar basicamente duas questões relativas à poética de Manuel Bandeira, a partir da troca de correspondência entre o poeta e Mário de Andrade. A primeira delas diz respeito à correspondência propriamente dita, entendendo-se essa correspondência como a enunciação de uma fala que será devolvida por outro, construindo-se, assim, um discurso que estabelece relações mútuas e interferências socioculturais. A segunda questão abordada refere-se à análise da concepção bandeiriana de poética, confrontando-a com sua própria experiência, como a poética concebida foi realizada e que meios foram utilizados para tal efeito, discutindo os elementos de tensão - morte e inspiração - sob a ótica do próprio Bandeira, demonstrada através de suas cartas e realizada na sua poesia. / [en] The aim of this master s thesis is to discuss two questions related to the poetics of Manuel Bandeira, using the correspondence between the poet and Mário de Andrade as the research material. The first question deals with the actual correspondence between the two, the correspondence understood here as an enunciation which is to be returned by the other, constructing thus a discourse which establishes mutual relations and sociocultural interferences. The second question refers to the analysis of the bandeirian concept of poetics confronted with the poet s own life experience, taking into account the way the poetics were realized and the tools that were used to create given effects. Elements of tension - death and inspiration - are discussed from the point of view of Bandeira himself, as revealed in his letters and realized in the poetry.

Alain Jouffroy (1928-2015) vient à l’écriture poétique en 1948, encouragé par sa rencontre avec André Breton et sa brève appartenance au mouvement surréaliste. Rapidement exclu, il conserve de cette expérience une méfiance à l’égard de tout esprit de chapelle et une confiance inébranlable en la langue et en sa capacité à exprimer les innombrables modalités d’être-au-monde de l’individu libre. Il diversifie rapidement ses pratiques d’écriture et publie recueils de poèmes, romans, essais et de nombreux articles sur les artistes avant-gardistes. Touche-à-touche, Jouffroy traverse les périodes esthétique et politique du milieu intellectuel parisien des années cinquante aux années quatre-vingt-dix. Fondateur de la revue Opus international, directeur de la revue XXe siècle, il est un observateur insatiable des remous de la société française : restructuration à la Libération, espoirs révolutionnaires déçus de Mai 68, marchandisation galopante de la création. Témoin de l’irrésistible ascension de la société du spectacle, il défend des artistes qui peinent à trouver leur place – du moins au début de leur carrière : les Affichistes, les Objecteurs, les Nouveaux réalistes... – et les poètes restés dans l’ombre – Stanislas Rodanski, Jean-Pierre Duprey. Il s’intéresse à tous ceux qui, comme lui, ont fait de la marge leur territoire. Dans le même temps, il échange avec les grandes figures d’Aragon, Michaux et Sollers. Son regard s’aiguise de sa curiosité pour l’ailleurs et de ses nombreux voyages. Il promeut les peintres surréalistes d’Amérique du Sud et d’Europe de l’Est, les poètes de la Beat generation, ceux du Moyen-Orient. Parallèlement, au gré de ses ruptures et réconciliations avec André Breton, il se veut l’héritier de ce dernier et le promoteur d’un surréalisme toujours vivace parce que conçu comme une éthique de la réceptivité. Conseiller culturel de l’ambassade de France à Tokyo entre 1982 et 1985, il parfait sa connaissance du bouddhisme zen et fait l’expérience d’un douloureux déracinement langagier. De retour en France, dans une période de morosité ambiante où les médias clament la mort de la poésie, il réalise de petites sculptures d’objets trouvés qu’il nomme assemblages, collages ou posages – réponse possible au silence qui entoure son œuvre, mal diffusée jusqu’à la parution des anthologies C’est aujourd’hui toujours, C’est partout ici et du recueil Vies, chez Gallimard, à la fin de années quatre-vingt-dix.Son œuvre poétique, loin d’être un lieu de retrait par rapport à une vie culturelle, amicale et sentimentale particulièrement riche et mouvementée, condense son parcours : la vingtaine de recueils publiés entre 1958 et 2007 offre une chambre d’écho à cette traversée du demi-siècle, tout en déclinant les différentes postures et poétiques nées au grés des circonstances et des confrontations renouvelées entre deux complexités, celle de l’individu Alain Jouffroy, et celle du monde. Aussi son écriture poétique chatoie-t-elle des différents courants qui naissent de la question toujours en suspens du rapport entre la conscience écrivante et le texte écrit. L’ensemble de l’œuvre donne à lire une poésie polymorphe : prégnance première de l’image héritée du surréalisme, retour au lyrisme amoureux sous l’influence du matériau biographique, vocifération à la manière des écorchés Beat, détour par l’image cinématographique durant la Nouvelle Vague, évaporation temporaire du sujet sommé de disparaître sous l’ère structuraliste, retour de ce même sujet qui reste, constamment, l’objet du poème. Malgré les variations formelles, les contradictions tonitruantes, le « je » demeure le mobile de l’écriture. ... / Alain Jouffroy (1928-2015) started writing poetry in 1948 when encouraged by his encounter with André Breton and his short-termed adherence to the surrealist movement. As he soon found himself excluded from the latter, he experienced and developed mistrust in cliquishness whatsoever and absolute trust in language and its ability to express the innumerable ways a free man can be in the world. It did not take him long to diversify his writing practice, and so he published collections of poems, essays and many critical articles on avant-gardist artists. Like a Jack-of-all-trades, Jouffroy wrote his way through the aesthetic and political movements of the Parisian intellectual sphere, from the fifties to the nineties. As the founder member of the Opus international journal and the director of the XXe siècle one, he was well positioned to insatiably observe the stir of the French society, that is, the restructuration following the Liberation, the disappointed revolutionary hopes of May 68 and the galloping commodification of artistic creation. Bearing witness to the unstoppable rise of the spectacle society, he supported artists who had difficulties in finding their own places – at least at the beginning of their careers: Poster Artists, Objectors, New Realists… – as well as overshadowed poets such as Stanislas Rodanski and Jean-Pierre Duprey. He was interested in all those who, like himself, had appropriated the margins. At the same time, he would converse with major figures like Aragon, Michaux and Sollers. His curiosity for the elsewhere and his numerous travels made his viewpoint more accurate. He promoted the Surrealist painters from both South America and Eastern Europe, and the Beat poets as well as those from the Middle East. At the same time, depending on either his breaking or being reconciled with André Breton, he claimed to be the heir of the latter or the champion of a Surrealism that was still alive and kicking thanks to its been thought of as an ethics of receptivity. When he was the cultural counsellor for the French Embassy in Tokyo, from 1982 to 1985, he perfected his knowledge of Zen Buddhism and experienced a painful linguistic estrangement. Back to France in a grim climate when the media claimed the death of poetry, he made small-sized sculptures from objects he had come across with, which he termed ‘assemblages,’ ‘collages’ or ‘posages’ – a way to possibly answer the silence that surrounded his own artistic creation, badly circulated until the publication of the anthologies entitled C’est aujourd’hui toujours and C’est partout ici, and his collection of poems Vies in the late nineties. His poetic work, far from being a place of withdrawal from his cultural, social and sentimental life, particularly rich and eventful, condenses his trajectory: the twenty or so collections published between 1958 and 2007 offer an echo chamber to his crossing of the half-century, while presenting the variegated positions and poetics born from circumstances and renewed confrontations between two complex entities, that of Alain Jouffroy the man and that of the world around him. This is why his poetic writing reflects all the different currents and trends emerging from the still-unresolved question of the relation between the writing consciousness and the written text. All his work presents us with polymorphous poetry, that is, at the same time including the original pervasiveness of pictures inherited from Surrealism, the return to love lyricism under the influence of biographical material, the angry voices inspired from the tormented Beat souls, the detour via the screen picture in the New Wave period, the temporary vanishing of the subject required to disappear in the Structuralist era and the return of this same subject continuously remaining the object of poems. In spite of formal variations and thundering contradictions, the “I” does remain the motive of writing. . ...

Submitted by Liliane Ferreira (ljuvencia30@gmail.com) on 2018-11-14T10:39:01Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Cristyane Batista Leal - 2018.pdf: 1867650 bytes, checksum: 73acc2103008b981aad6b385cd35c494 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-11-14T12:56:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Cristyane Batista Leal - 2018.pdf: 1867650 bytes, checksum: 73acc2103008b981aad6b385cd35c494 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-14T12:56:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Cristyane Batista Leal - 2018.pdf: 1867650 bytes, checksum: 73acc2103008b981aad6b385cd35c494 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study presents an interpretative reading of six plays by Hilda Hilst: The Company, The Rat in the Wall, The Auto of the Ship of Camiri, The Birds of Night, The New System, and The Patriarch’s Death, through theoretical assumptions of the Theater of the Absurd, especially those of Eugène Ionesco, and the Theatre of Cruelty, of Antonin Artaud. These plays have in common the distance, at different levels, which they establish in relation to the traditional forms of development and resolution of the dramatic conflicts, configuring themselves as static dramas. Considering the fact that it is an essentially lyrical theater, this study sees lyricism as a style that contributed to the constitution of Modern Arts, with an emphasis on the Symbolist theater of the end of the 19th century, bringing the Hilstian theater closer to the Theater of the Absurd of the XX century and locating its marginality in the Brazilian theater because of its distance from the Brechtian and realistic aesthetics that, at the time of its writing, was predominant in the Brazilian scene.The peripheral situation of Hilda Hilst’s theater here is presented because of the very place that theatrical culture occupies in Brazil, always at a disadvantage if compared to other arts. The singularity of her theater rests in its slippage between dramatic, lyrical and absurd categories, revealing the consciousness of incommunicability and the inability of the hero-poet to ensure human integrity in the eternal totalitarian social systems, hence their approach to the Artaudian Theater of Cruelty. Yet, imploding reality by abstract choices of character composition, action, time and space, the Hilstian dramas present themselves as a resilient and conscious response to the social collapse resulting from human deterioration. / Este estudo apresenta uma leitura interpretativa de seis peças de Hilda Hilst: A empresa, O rato no muro, Auto da barca de Camiri, As aves da noite, O novo sistema e A morte do patriarca, por meio de pressupostos teóricos do Teatro do Absurdo, especialmente aqueles de Ionesco, e os do Teatro da Crueldade, de Antonin Artaud. Essas peças têm em comum a distância, em diferentes níveis, que estabelecem em relação às formas tradicionais de desenvolvimento e resolução dos conflitos dramáticos, configurando-se como dramas estáticos. Considerando o fato de se tratar de um teatro essencialmente lírico, este trabalho enxerga o lirismo como um estilo que contribuiu para a constituição das artes modernas, com ênfase no teatro simbolista do final do século XIX, aproximando o teatro hilstiano do Teatro do Absurdo do século XX e localizando sua marginalidade no teatro brasileiro, em razão de seu afastamento da estética brechtiana e realista que, na época da sua escrita, era predominante na cena brasileira. A situação periférica do teatro de Hilda Hilst é aqui apresentada como consequência do próprio lugar que a cultura do teatro ocupa no Brasil, sempre em desvantagem se comparado a outras artes. A singularidade de seu teatro repousa em seu deslizamento entre categorias dramáticas, líricas e do teatro do absurdo, revelando a consciência da incomunicabilidade e incapacidade do herói-poeta em assegurar a integridade humana nos eternos sistemas sociais totalitários, daí também sua aproximação ao Teatro da Crueldade artaudiano. Mesmo assim, implodindo a realidade por escolhas abstratas de composição de personagens, ação, tempo e espaço, os dramas hilstianos se apresentam como resposta resistente e consciente ao colapso social resultante de deteriorações humanas.

Cette thèse se propose d’étudier l’énonciation poétique dans les Poemetti de Giovanni Pascoli. Dans le cadre d’une poésie narrative qui ménage une très large part au discours rapporté, multipliant ainsi les sujets de l’énonciation, le sujet poétique se constitue dans une polyphonie qui, loin d’être l’apanage du roman, interroge aussi bien les formes de narration traditionnelles que le modèle monologique lyrique. Alors que les voix qui traversent ses recueils les plus étudiés, Myricae et Canti di Castelvecchio, participent au développement d’une réflexion métalinguistique comme en témoigne le titre de l’essai fondateur de G. Contini, « Il linguaggio di Pascoli », les voix présentes dans les Poemetti attirent l’attention sur la fonction métadiscursive de la poésie. C’est en s’inscrivant dans un discours partagé et collectif que le sujet biographique et allégorique peut se constituer et échapper au sentiment d’égarement et de solitude qui le définit. Le sujet cherche alors dans la collectivité des voix familiales ou communautaires, locales ou nationales, une réponse au sentiment d’exclusion qui l’habite, en particulier dans la communauté familiale autarcique et idéale du « roman géorgique ». Parler de polyphonie ou d’une forme de dialogisme dans le cadre d’un epos ou dans celui d’une poésie lyrique pourrait paraître paradoxal. L’epos reposerait en effet sur une vision du monde commune aux personnages, au narrateur, et au lecteur. Le lyrisme se fonderait sur l’expression d’une subjectivité individuelle et intime. C’est sans compter sur la volonté de Pascoli de faire de sa voix poétique un point d’orgue entre l’individuel et le collectif. Il veut en effet s’adresser à tous, jusque dans sa poésie autobiographique. La polyphonie qui traduit le rapport que le sujet individuel entretient avec le collectif définit le sujet comme étant toujours et déjà pluriel. Le poète invente alors avec le poemetto un genre novateur qui mêle à la narration d’une histoire commune propre à l’epos, la mise en question de la subjectivité propre au lyrisme. / This thesis aims to study poetic enunciation in Giovanni Pascoli’s Poemetti. Within the framework of a narrative poetry that gives ample space to reported speech, thus multiplying enunciatory subjects, the constitution of the poetic subject occurs via a polyphony which, far from being the prerogative of the novel, interrogates both traditional narrative forms and the monological lyrical model. The title of G. Contini’s foundational essay, « Il linguaggio di Pascoli », indicates that the voices that are heard in Pascoli’s most studied collections, Myricae and Canti di Castelvecchio, participate to the development of a metalinguistic process ; however, the voices that occur in the Poemetti draw attention to poetry’s metadiscursive function. It is its inscription within a shared, collective discourse that enables the biographical and allegorical subject to constitute itself and to overcome the feelings of bewilderment and solitude that define it. The subject then searches for an answer to the feeling of exclusion that haunts him in the collectiveness of family or community voices, either local or national, and especially in the autarkic and ideal family community of the “georgic novel”. It might seem paradoxical to emphasize polyphony and a form of dialogism in the context of an epos, or of lyrical poetry. The epos should indeed presuppose a world-view that is common to the characters, the author and the reader. Lyricism, on the other hand, should be founded upon the expression of an individual and intimate subjectivity. But we should not discount Pascoli’s will to fuse the singular and the collective in his poetic voice. Even his autobiographical poetry is indeed addressed to all. The polyphony, which expresses the individual subject’s relation to the collectivity, defines the subject as being initially and irrevocably plural. Thus the poemetto appears to be an innovative genre that combines the narration of a common story, characteristic of the epos, with the questioning of subjectivy that is specific to lyricism.

Cette thèse travaille sur l’élucidation du sens poétique à l’aide d’outils linguistiques ; elle propose une définition cognitive, phénoménologique et énonciative de la distinction abstrait/concret à partir de statistiques établies sur l’œuvre de John Donne (1572-1631), Meditations upon Emergent Occasions et The Complete English Poems. Le concret résulterait d’une forme de lyrisme indirect, c’est-à-dire non sémiotisé, implicite, auquel le poète aurait recours lorsqu’il serait impliqué affectivement dans une situation de discours. L’expressivité du sujet parlant repose sur une décatégorisation momentanée de catégories disponibles en langue, décatégorisation qui lui permet de dénoncer (implicitement) l’insuffisance des cadres abstraits prévus pour tous pour désigner la singularité de son expérience sentimentale. Les noms en –ness constituent une métaphore grammaticale car ils résultent d’une décatégorisation grammaticale, tandis que les métaphores traditionnelles mettent en jeu une décatégorisation lexicale. La métaphore porte l’empreinte affective du sujet parlant, qui se réapproprie ainsi le langage. La poésie métaphysique de John Donne, oscillant entre métaphores et comparaisons, entre le concret et l’abstrait, apparaît alors comme l’expression d’un travail du sentiment, sentiment d’autant plus travaillé qu’il est religieux, et se construit en l’absence de l’être aimé. / This dissertation studies poetic meaning using linguistic tools. It offers a cognitive, phenomenological and enunciative definition of the distinction between the abstract and the concrete, based on statistics carried out on work of the metaphysical poet, John Donne (1572-1631): Meditations upon Emergent Occasions and The Complete English Poems. I argue that the “concrete” is the result of indirect – implied, unsemiotized – lyricism, a form of lyricism used by the poet when s/he is emotionally implicated in a speech situation. The speaker’s expressivity relies on a temporal decategorization enabling him to (implicitly) claim that generalized (abstract) terms are insufficient to articulate the specificity of his own sentimental experience. Words in –ness – grammatical metaphors – result from a grammatical decategorization, while traditional metaphors derive from a lexical decategorization. Metaphors reflect the affect of the incarnate speaker, who thus repossesses language. Lastly, I understand John Donne’s poetry – hinging on metaphors and comparisons, concrete and abstract elements – as expressing a working of feelings, which is the strongest when the feeling is religious and needs to make up for the absence of the beloved.