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The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers
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Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
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Showing 411 to 420 of 421 (0.017 seconds)| 411 |
Histoire d’un historien des philosophies médiévales : vie et oeuvre de François Picavet (1851-1921) / History of a historian of medieval philosophy : life and work of François Picavet (1851-1921)Atucha, Iñigo 08 October 2015 (has links)
La biographie intellectuelle de François Picavet (1851-1921) fournit l’occasion d’explorer les débuts de l’histoire de la philosophie médiévale en tant que discipline institutionnalisée, en France, de 1880 à 1920. Figure oubliée du médiévisme philosophique, Picavet fut maître de conférence à l’EPHE (section des sciences religieuses) dès 1888, puis directeur d’études à partir de 1907, secrétaire du Collège de France en 1904 et chargé de cours en histoire des philosophies médiévales à la Faculté des lettres de la Sorbonne dès 1906.Le parcours académique de Picavet s’inscrit dans un contexte particulier, qui voit l’histoire de la philosophie médiévale s’implanter de façon structurée et stable dans l’enseignement supérieur français. De même que d’autres disciplines institutionnalisées, l’histoire de la philosophie médiévale tire profit de la nécessité d’une réforme profonde du système universitaire, articulée dans les sphères politiques et scientifiques dès les années 1860 puis prolongée sous l’impulsion de la IIIe République, et qui aboutit à l’émergence de nouvellesstructures institutionnelles dans l’enseignement supérieur français (fondation de l’EPHE en 1868, création de nouveaux enseignements à la Sorbonne, dont une charge de cours en histoire de la philosophie médiévale en 1906). L’historiographie originale de Picavet restreint la signification des questions philosophiques médiévales qui demeurent liées à leur contexte historique d’origine: chaque système philosophique est ainsi l’expression partielle d’une civilisation donnée, au même titre que les expressions scientifiques, artistiques et artisanales que celle-ci est en mesure de produire et qui la caractérisent. / The intellectual biography of François Picavet (1851-1921) is an opportunity to explore the early days of the history of mediaeval philosophy as an institutionalised discipline in France from 1880 to 1920. A forgotten figure of the study of mediaeval philosophy, Picavet was a lecturer at EPHE (Religious Sciences department) from 1888 and director of studies from 1907, secretary of the Collège de France in 1904 and lecturer in the history of mediaeval philosophy at the Arts Faculty of the Sorbonne from 1906 onwards. Picavet’s academic career took place within a particular context in which the history of mediaeval philosophy came to be established in a structured and stable manner in French higher education. Like other institutionalised disciplines, the history of mediaeval philosophy benefited from the need for deep-seated reform of the university system, which was expressed in political and scientific circles from around 1860 and continued under the Third Republic, resulting in the emergence of new institutional structures in French higher education (the foundation of EPHE in 1868 and the creation of new courses at the Sorbonne, including a history of mediaeval philosophy course in 1906). Picavet’s original historiography confines the significance of mediaeval philosophical questions, which remain bound to the historical context in which they originated: thus, every philosophical system is the partial expression of a given civilisation, just like the scientific, artistic and craft related expressions which it produces and which characterise it.
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Att skriva, tala och tänka samhällskunskap : En studie av gymnasisters lärandeprocess / To write, speak and think social science : A study of the learning process of upper secondary school studentsWesslén, Karin January 2011 (has links)
This study is based on the presumption that language is fundamental to the construction of knowledge. In addition, linguistic demands are incorporated in the policy documents of the upper secondary education of Sweden; students shall, during their education, be given the opportunity to appropriate certain linguistic tools. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how teachers and students in upper secondary education manage and utilize the discourse of social science in both speech and writing. More specifically, two classes are studied during three terms. The teachers’ ability to organize and support the students vocally and in written is examined, so are the effects of the teaching on students’ writing. The origin of the study is constituted by a sociocultural stance provided by Vygotskij, Bakhtin and Halliday. A combination of a functional perspective on language and a cognitive is probed, where the study is comparative in nature consisting of an experimental class and a control class. The importance of language for the creation of knowledge has been communicated to the teachers of the experimental class, with provided complementary subject didactic literature. This literature offers support for teachers to augment the use of explicit teaching and enhance student awareness of how conceptual structures mould social science. Qualitative analyses are performed on the basis of teacher-student dialogue and written tasks by a group of selected students. The analytical tools object language – metalanguage, linguistic operations and knowledge structures are developed for the purpose of processing data, and have been combined with the tools activity analysis, subject-related concepts and text activity. The results from the analyses display no difference in the handling of the discourse of social science between the experimental class and the control class. The teachers of the experimental class, like the teacher of the control class, are primarily utilizing object language where knowledge structures are visible, as opposed to a combination of object language – metalanguage. Furthermore, they exhibit diminutive use of dialogue in their teaching. The students of both classes, on their hand, demonstrate an equal progress in textual development. This study concludes that the experimental class has not been provided with sufficiently explicit support to advance in the structuring of knowledge and in level of reasoning. A more efficient support to teachers to manage these analytical tools would, in all probability, give them, and through this the students, an increasingly profound insight into structuring of text activities, the meaning and signalling of linguistic operations, the construction of subject-related concepts and, most importantly, how these three tools are interrelated.
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L’enseignement de l’univers social au primaire d’un point de vue amérindienLévesque, Charles 03 1900 (has links)
No description available.
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[en] COMBINING A PROCESS AND TOOLS TO SUPPORT THE ANALYSIS OF ONLINE COMMUNITIES APPLIED TO HEALTHCARE / [pt] COMBINANDO UM PROCESSO E FERRAMENTAS PARA APOIAR A ANÁLISE DE COMUNIDADE ONLINE APLICADOS À ÁREA DE SAÚDEDARLINTON BARBOSA FERES CARVALHO 05 November 2014 (has links)
[pt] Esta pesquisa de tese teve como objetivo explorar a análise de mídias sociais, especialmente as disponíveis em comunidades online de sites de redes sociais, a fim de realizar estudos sociais sobre questões de saúde. Com base em uma abordagem prática foi definido um processo para realizar esses estudos. Este processo contou com ferramentas computacionais adaptados para fornecer apoio em tarefas específicas, tais como recuperação de conteúdo, seleção e análise. Duas ferramentas que se destacam são apresentadas por causa de sua utilidade e a complexidade do processo em que a sua construção se baseou.
Para o benefício da análise de comunidades online, o Mapa de Associação de Comunidades é um processo desenvolvido para apoiar especialistas em compreender os interesses dos usuários com base em suas associações dentro de suas comunidades. A outra ferramenta visa auxiliar analistas a selecionar discussões de fóruns online a serem analisados manualmente com técnicas de pesquisa qualitativa, por exemplo, análise de conteúdo e do discurso. Esta ferramenta, TorchSR, foi criada baseada em aprendizado de máquina não supervisionado, usando agrupamento hierárquico, para dar suporte na resolução do problema de seleção de conteúdo. Um estudo de caso exploratório mostra que esta ferramenta ajuda na resolução do problema. O processo proposto foi utilizado em dois estudos sobre questões relevantes de saúde (hepatite C e o abuso de drogas), que resultou em descobertas relevantes sobre saúde pública. Em conclusão, este trabalho apresenta a aplicação prática de ciência social computacional no campo da saúde, através do desenvolvimento de um processo e ferramentas utilizadas para apoiar os analistas e melhorar a sua aplicação. / [en] This research thesis is aiming to exploit valuable social media, especially those available in online communities of social network sites, in order to perform social studies about healthcare issues. Based on a practical approach, a process was defined to conduct such studies. This process relied on tailored computational tools to provide support for specific tasks such as contente retrieval, selection, and analysis. Two tools that stand out are presented because of their utility and the complexity of the process in which their development was based on. The first tool, for the benefit of online community analysis, is the Community Association Map, a process developed to support experts in understanding users’ interests based on their associations within their communities. Our second tool (TorchSR) aims to aid analysts in the
selection of discussions from online forums to be manually analyzed by (qualitative) research techniques (e.g. content and discourse analysis). This task, which was defined as solving the content selection problem, was tackled with a tool based on unsupervised machine learning techniques, such as hierarchical clustering. An exploratory study case shows that TorchSR helps analysts in dealing with the problem. The proposed process was employed in two studies about relevant healthcare issues (i.e. hepatitis C and drug abuse) which resulted in interesting findings in the field of public health. In conclusion, this thesis presents a practical application of computational social science to the field of health, through development of a process and tools used to support analysts and improve its application.
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The midlife crisis, gender, and social science in the United States, 1970-2000Schmidt, Susanne Antje January 2018 (has links)
This thesis provides the first rigorous history of the concept of midlife crisis. It highlights the close connections between understandings of the life course and social change. It reverses accounts of popularization by showing how an idea moved from the public sphere into academia. Above all, it uncovers the feminist origins of the concept and places this in a historically little-studied tradition of writing about middle age that rejected the gendered "double standard of aging." Constructions of middle age and life-planning were not always oppressive, but often used for feminist purposes. The idea of midlife crisis became popular in the United States with journalist Gail Sheehy's Passages (1976), a critique of Erik Erikson's male-centered model of ego development and psychoanalytic constructions of gender and identity more generally. Drawing on mid-century notions of middle life as the time of a woman's entry into the public sphere, Sheehy's midlife crisis defined the onset of middle age, for men and women, as the end of traditional gender roles. As dual-earner families replaced the male breadwinner model, Passages circulated widely, read by women and men of different generations, including social scientists. Three psychoanalytic experts-Daniel Levinson, George Vaillant, and Roger Gould-rebutted Sheehy by putting forward a male-only concept of midlife as the end of a man's family obligations; they banned women from reimagining their lives. Though this became the dominant meaning of midlife crisis, it was not universally accepted. Feminist scholars, most famously the psychologist and ethicist Carol Gilligan, drew on women's experiences to challenge the midlife crisis, turning it into a sign of emotional instability, immaturity, and egotism. Resonating with widespread understandings of mental health and social responsibility, and confirmed by large-scale surveys in the late 1990s, this relegated the midlife crisis to a chauvinist cliché. It has remained a contested concept for negotiating the balances between work and life, production and reproduction into the present day.
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Jewish Women’s Transracial Epistemological Networks: Representations of Black Women in the African Diaspora, 1930-1980Gondek, Abby S 21 March 2018 (has links)
This dissertation investigates how Jewish women social scientists relationally established their gendered-racialized subjectivities and theories about race-gender-sexuality-class through their portrayals of black women’s sexuality and family structures in the African Diaspora: the U.S., Brazil, South Africa, Swaziland, and the U.K. The central women in this study: Ellen Hellmann, Ruth Landes, Hilda Kuper, and Ruth Glass, were part of the same “political generation,” born in 1908-1912, coming of age when Jews of European descent experienced an ambivalent and conditional assimilation into whiteness, a form of internal colonization. I demonstrate how each woman’s familial origin point in Europe, parental class and political orientations, were important factors influencing her later personal/professional networks and social science theorizing about women of color. However, other important factors included the national racial context, the political affiliations of her partners, her marital status and her transracial fieldwork experiences. One of the main problems my work addresses is how the internal colonization process in differing nations within the Jewish diaspora differently affected and positioned Jewish social scientists from divergent class and political affiliations. Gendering Aamir Mufti’s primarily male-oriented argument, I demonstrate how Jewish internal divergences serve as an example that highlights the lack of uniformity within any “identity” group, and the ways that minority groups, like Jews, use measures of “abnormal” gender and sexuality, to create internal exiled minorities in order to try to assimilate into the majority colonizing culture. My dissertation addresses three problems within previous studies of Jewish social scientists by creating a gendered analysis of the history of Jews in social science, an analysis of Jewish subjectivity within histories of women (who were Jewish) in social science, and a critique of the either-or assumption that Jewishness necessarily equated with a “radical” anti-racist approach or a “colonizing” stance toward black communities. The data collection followed a mixed methods approach, incorporating archival research, ethnographic object analysis, site visits in Brazil and South Africa, consultations with library, archive and museum professionals, and interviews with scholars connected to the core women in the study.
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The Salience of Issues in Parliamentary Debates : Its Development and Relation to the Support of the Sweden DemocratsAlexander, Ödlund Lindholm January 2020 (has links)
The aim of this study was to analyze the salience of issue dimensions in the Swedish parliament debates by the established parties during the rise of the Sweden Democrats Party (SD). Structural topic modeling was used to construct a measurement of the salience of issues, examining the full body of speeches in the Swedish parliament between September 2006 and December 2019. Trend analysis revealed a realignment from a focus on socio-economic to socio-cultural issues in Swedish politics. Cross-correlation analyses had conflicting results, indicating a weak positive relationship between the salience of issues and the support of SD – but low predictive ability; it also showed that changes in the support of SD did lead (precede) changes in the salience of issues in the parliament. The ramifications of socio-cultural issues being the most salient are that so-called radical right-wing populist parties (RRPs), or neo-nationalist parties, has a greater opportunity to gain support. It can make voters more inclined to base their voting decision on socio-cultural issues, which favors parties who fight for and are trustworthy in those issues – giving them more valence in the eyes of the voters.
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Ausrichtung der Heizungs-, Klima- und Lüftungstechnik an den Bedürfnissen der Nutzer im WohnungsbauWagnitz, Matthias 16 February 2016 (has links) (PDF)
Planung und Ausführung in der Heizungstechnik gehen von einem idealisierten Nutzer aus, dessen Verhalten und Vorlieben bezüglich dieser Technik in der Regel aber nicht bekannt sind. Heizen 2020 untersucht „den“ Nutzer vor diesem Hintergrund statistisch mittels einer groß angelegten Befragung. Es stellt sich heraus, dass eine Unterteilung der Nutzer in drei Cluster, die sich in ihren Vorlieben deutlich unterscheiden, sinnvoll ist. Aus den Clustern wird ein Auslegungs- und Regelungskonzept entwickelt, das abweichend von der bisherigen Vorgehensweise gezielt Reserven aufbaut, diese aber regeltechnisch auf die tatsächliche Nutzeranforderung reduziert. Darauf basierend werden Hinweise für die Anpassung der Anlagentechnik an den Nutzer gegeben. / Planning and installation in heating technology are based on an idealized user whose behavior and preferences regarding this technology usually are unknown. "Heizen 2020" ("heating technology in the year 2020") examined "the" user against this background statistically by means of a large-scale survey. It turns out that a subdivision of the users into three clusters, which differ significantly in their preferences, is useful. From the clusters a design and control concept is developed that uses - different to the useal planning process - reserves . These reserves are reduced by control technology to the actual user request. Based on the clusters indications for the choice and adaptation of the heating technology are developed. / Planification et l'exécution de la technologie de chauffage sont basées sur un utilisateur idéalisé dont le comportement et les préférences en ce qui concerne cette technologie ne sont généralement pas connus. "Heizen 2020" (technology de chauffage en 2020) a enquêté sur les utilisateurs contre ce contexte statistiquement au moyen d'une enquête à grande échelle. Il se trouve qu'une subdivision des utilisateurs en trois groupes, qui sont diffèrent sensiblement dans leurs préférences, est logique. Basé sur ces groupe un concept de conception et de contrôle est développée. Indépendamment de la procédure précédente ce concept fonctionne avec des réserves dans le processus de planification et l'adaptation à la suite de la demande de l'utilisateur réel en utilisant la technologie de contrôle. Il y a des instructions développées pour sélectionner et ajuster le chauffage à l'utilisateur, sur la base des groupes développés.
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F. A. Hayek's Critique of LegislationHolm, Cyril January 2014 (has links)
The dissertation concerns F. A. Hayek’s (1899–1992) critique of legislation. The purpose of the investigation is to clarify and assess that critique. I argue that there is in Hayek’s work a critique of legislation that is distinct from his well-known critique of social planning. Further that the main claim of this critique is what I refer to as Hayek’s legislation tenet, namely that legislation that aims to achieve specific aggregate results in complex orders of society will decrease the welfare level. The legislation tenet gains support; (i) from the welfare claim – according to which there is a positive correlation between the utilization of knowledge and the welfare level in society; (ii) from the dispersal of knowledge thesis – according to which the total knowledge of society is dispersed and not available to any one agency; and (iii) from the cultural evolution thesis – according to which evolutionary rules are more favorable to the utilization of knowledge in social cooperation than are legislative rules. More specifically, I argue that these form two lines of argument in support of the legislation tenet. One line of argument is based on the conjunction of the welfare claim and the dispersal of knowledge thesis. I argue that this line of argument is true. The other line of argument is based on the conjunction of the welfare claim and the cultural evolution thesis. I argue that this line of argument is false, mainly because the empirical work of political scientist Elinor Ostrom refutes it. Because the two lines of argument support the legislation tenet independently of each other, I argue that Hayek’s critique of legislation is true. In this dissertation, I further develop a legislative policy tool as based on the welfare claim and Hayek’s conception of coercion. I also consider Hayek’s idea that rules and law are instrumental in forging rational individual action and rational social orders, and turn to review this idea in light of the work of experimental economist Vernon Smith and economic historian Avner Greif. I find that Smith and Greif support this idea of Hayek’s, and I conjecture that it contributes to our understanding of Adam Smith’s notion of the invisible hand: It is rules – not an invisible hand – that prompt subjects to align individual and aggregate rationality in social interaction. Finally, I argue that Hayek’s critique is essentially utilitarian, as it is concerned with the negative welfare consequences of certain forms of legislation. And although it may appear that the dispersal of knowledge thesis will undermine the possibility of carrying out the utilitarian calculus, due to the lack of knowledge of the consequences of one’s actions – and therefore undermine the legislation tenet itself – I argue that the distinction between utilitarianism conceived as a method of deliberation and utilitarianism conceived as a criterion of correctness may be used to save Hayek’s critique from this objection.
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Bruxelles et ses campagnes: croissance économique et actions aristocratiques, haut Moyen Age - XIIIe siècle / Brussels and its country: economic growth and aristocratic contributions, early middle ages - XIIIth centuryCharruadas, Paulo 16 December 2008 (has links)
Cette thèse envisage les liens entre la ville de Bruxelles et ses campagnes, dans leurs aspects économiques et sociaux. Elle étudie l'impact de l'espace régional (partie de l'ancien pagus de Brabant) sur les conditions d'émergence de la ville et l'impact, ensuite, de la ville sur les structures régionales, en particulier aristocratiques. <p>Une première partie fait le point sur la croissance rurale et urbaine, sur ses protagonistes, ses modalités et sa chronologie. Que sait-on de l’espace régional avant l’an mil ?Comment se mettent en place les nouvelles structures seigneuriales laïques et ecclésiastiques attestées dans la région à partir du XIe siècle ?Comment se produisent les débuts du développement urbain pour la même époque ?Une deuxième partie tente de faire le point sur le rôle dans la région du prince territorial. Originaire de Louvain, mais implanté dans la région de Bruxelles dès le XIe siècle, quelle assise foncière y détenait-il ?Quelle politique monastique y a-t-il menée ?Quelle stratégie féodale et clientélaire a-t-il adoptée face à la société régionale en vue de construire et de développer son autorité seigneuriale ?Ce volet se consacre spécialement à l’étude et à l’évolution du groupe aristocratique traditionnel, notamment son rapport au prince et à la ville, de même qu’à l’émergence des nouveaux acteurs sociaux et à leur confrontation avec le prince et la société seigneuriale/The Ph.D Thesis considers the links between the city of Brussels and its countryside, in their economic and social aspects. It studies the impact of the regional space (part of the former pagus of Brabant) on the conditions for urbanisation and the impact of the city on regional structures, particularly aristocratic / Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation histoire / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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