Orientador: José Ricardo Barbosa Gonçalves / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T12:56:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andrade_AndreLuizAlipiode_D.pdf: 2230823 bytes, checksum: 2ff1ef95572f51f8ad6ca2e14a27b012 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A Sociedade Auxiliadora da Indústria Nacional foi uma entidade cuja existência atravessou todo o período do Brasil Império, 1827 a 1894. Seu objetivo principal era a aplicação dos conhecimentos científicos e técnicos na atividade produtiva, buscando a sua maior racionalização com a finalidade da promoção do progresso econômico. Entre seus membros mais ativos estavam profissionais com formação em cursos de ciências naturais, matemática, física, médicos e engenheiros. A influência da economia política nas propostas de reformas socioeconômicas de alguns desses membros é o tema principal desse trabalho. O período a partir de 1850 é de grande importância, pois com a disponibilização do dinheiro antes utilizado no tráfico de escravos, abriu-se a possibilidade de dar maior ênfase às propostas de reformas socioeconômicas. A corrente de pensamento da economia política que teve maior influência aqui foi a de um grupo francês que se caracterizava pelo liberalismo econômico, que se preocupava com a formação de uma sociedade baseada na economia de mercado. Destacamos André Rebouças neste trabalho e fazemos um estudo mais aprofundado da influência da economia política em suas propostas reformistas, por ser ele, não só um dos membros mais ativos e identificados com os objetivos modernizantes da Auxiliadora, mas também por demonstrar maior conhecimento das ideias dos economistas políticos aqui referidos / Abstract: The Sociedade Auxiliadora da Indústria Nacional was one institution whose existence went through the entire period of imperial Brazil, from 1927 until 1892. Its main purpose was the application of scientific knowledge in the productive activity seeking its greater rationalization whose goal was the promotion of economic progress. Among its most active members were professionals with courses in natural sciences, physics, mathematics, doctors and engineers. The influence of political economy in the reform proposals of these members is the main theme of this work. Considering the limitations imposed by the slave order, it was precisely in the period from 1850, with the provision of the money before used in the slave trade, which opened-up the possibility of considering reforms that, through the instrumentalization of political economy ideas, would make possible de dissemination of scientific and technical knowledge and its application in economic activity. The economic thinking that had influence here was of a French group of political economists which was characterized by defending the economic liberalism, and was concerned with the formation of a market society We highlight André Rebouças in this work and make a further study of the influence of the political economy in his reform proposals, because he is not only one of the most active members and identified with the Auxiliadora¿s modernizing goals, but also because he demonstrated greater knowledge of the ideas of the political economists refered to herein / Doutorado / Historia Economica / Doutor em Desenvolvimento Economico

This study explores the construction of the orphanage child and the helper in the context of voluntourism, orphanage tourism, support and establishment of orphanages. Since residential care is rarely put forward as a “good solution” for children without parental care in Sweden or other Western countries, the purpose of this study is to understand how orphanages for children from the South are legitimised as a solution in narratives about the helpers and the orphans. Through Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) I have studied the widespread narrative about the helper and the orphan and its relation to larger global development strands, such as neo-liberal discourses, post-colonial discourses and globalization discourses. The study found that the narratives about the helper and the orphanage child are constructed in a way that reinforces stereotypes about the active, caring helper from the global North and the passive and needy yet happy orphanage child from the South. The underlying assumption in the testimonials and stories about the helper is that there are no other options and that the orphanage placement is in the best interest of the child

Die Dr.-Wilhelm-André-Gesellschaft unterstützt als gemeinnütziger Verein im Rahmen bürgerschaftlichen Engagements die Arbeit mit benachteiligten Gruppen unserer Gesellschaft wie pflegebedürftigen Personen und Jugendlichen mit einem schwierigen sozialen Hintergrund. Zusätzlich werden Projekte zur sozialen Geschichte der Stadt Chemnitz unterstützt. Der Vortrag gibt einen Überblick über die Arbeit des Vereins.

The question regarding male circumcision in Sweden became a relevant topic within the public debates during the last three years. Due to the Swedish political party, Centerpartiet’s decision to strive for a ban on male circumcision, this debate surfaced after the 28th of September. Participation in the public debate came from different directions and perspectives on male circumcision. In this thesis I focus on different actors and their public opinions in debate articles published between the years of 2018-2019. The aim of this thesis is to examine how critical arguments are constructed from perceptions of a decreasing significance of religion within late modern societies. This results in a motivation to ban the performance of male circumcision without medical indication. By using the qualitative text analysis of systematic text condensation this thesis closer categorizes the arguments into the three themes of “children’s bodily integrity”, “the delimitation of medicalization” and “the religious other”. In addition to this, the thesis also looks into the argument from the analytical framework on argumentation analysis in order to distinguish “normative” and “factual” arguments in the debate. To look closer at the constructions of the critical arguments within the debate this thesis uses the theoretical framework of Sara Ahmed (2011). From a phenomenological inspired perspective this thesis further looks into the argument’s correlation and construction of a collective body. This in particular is the construction of the secular- in relation to the religious body. Constructions of the religious body allows for secular ideas to circulate around national symbols and principles, which results in an exclusion of religious motives and perspectives. The thesis further sheds light on the cultural imbedded “medical gaze”, from the theoretical perspective on medicalization of Karin Johannisson (2013). This thesis aims to examine the reproduction of the medical superiority within debates on questions regarding the human body, like the one on male circumcision. The thesis illustrates the complexity of religious visibility within the Swedish context. Although the critical arguments reject the religious motives of male circumcision, the debate increases the religious visibility in the public debates.

Detta arbete undersöker hur Riksdagspartiernas uttalanden om religion kan tänkas påverkareligiösa elever i skolan. I huvudsak har tre teorier används: Bronfenbrenners ekologiskasystemteori, Saids teori om Det Annorlunda och Goffmans teori om stigma. Arbetet hargjorts som en textanalys, där material från partierna samlats in och sedan analyserats.Frågeställningarna som guidat arbetet är: ● Kan Riksdagspartierna bidra till stigmatiseringen av religiösa elever?○ Vilka direkta och indirekta budskap finns i partiernas textproduktion gällandereligion och religiösa människor? Undersökningen visar att problemet är väldigt komplext, och att ett enkelt svar inte går attutröna. Det finns dock ett tydligt samband mellan Riksdagspartiernas uttalanden och religiösaelevers vardag i skolan, samt mellan detta arbetes resultat och den tidigare forskningen.

Ana Mendieta was a Cuban-born American artist whose unique body of work incorporated performance, activism, Earth art, installation, and the Afro-Cuban practices of Santería. She began her career at the University of Iowa, were she initially received her degree in painting in 1969. It was not until 1972 that Mendieta shifted radically to performance art. Though she was raised Catholic, she developed an interest in the rituals involved with Santería, a culturally predominant Cuban religion, and it deeply influenced her work in her choice of materials and settings. Santería is one of the major faith-based lifestyles of Cuba and is characterized by a synthesis of Afro-Cuban and Catholic characteristics, along with its own unique teachings and rituals. Also a prominent theme in Mendieta’s work was her sense of displacement and her insatiable desire to reconcile her Cuban heritage, which she attempts to resolve, not only through her art, but also during several trips to Cuba. Greater still in its contribution of influence to Mendieta’s work was the ecofeminist movement which amalgamated elements of the feminist and environmental movements; Ecofeminism’s emergence in the United States coincided with the rise of Mendieta’s career during the 1970’s. The movement focused on the correlation between the oppression, degradation, and exploitation of women and the oppression, degradation, and exploitation of the Earth. This thesis examines the life of Ana Mendieta and analyzes how her works may be viewed in an ecofeminist context. It analyzes how Mendieta’s work acts as a reflection of her cultural, social, and political reality and discusses ways in which characteristics of Santería and ecofeminism as a discourse influenced the imagery and symbolism used in Mendieta’s artwork throughout her brief career. Formal analysis of Mendieta’s artwork and contextual and historical analysis of Mendieta’s life, the ecofeminist discourse, and Afro-Cuban spirituality are explored in this research.

This thesis investigates the capacity of the newly introduced Chinese Special Economic Zones in Africa (CSEZAs) to deliver ‘cooperation' and ‘mutual development' to China and Africa. Referring to existing scholarship on other forms of liberal spatial economics, it addresses the conceptual, methodological and theoretical void in which the subject of CSEZAs evolves in academia. As extensive global interactive processes are identified in the schema of the CSEZA, this thesis advocates Andre Gunder Frank's Dependency Theory as the appropriate prism through which to explicate the new zone format. Empirical data about the seven CSEZAs outline the problematic and development-conducive aspects of the zone model. It is argued here that the failure to customise the SEZ model to the African context is what corrodes the developmental prospects of the CSEZAs. The Mauritius JinFei Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone is taken as an example of a problematic CSEZA. A detailed analysis of the Mauritian case allows a visualisation of the respective role of China and the African state in the CSEZA context. As the exploitative and non-developmental nature of the CSEZA model (in its current form), is established, this thesis concludes that the CSEZA gives a new interpretation to the traditional practice of dependency. This new version, nonetheless, exacerbates the dialectic development-underdevelopment processes integral to the global capitalist economy.

This thesis is a study of how the American author Edith Wharton (1862-1937) in a number of novels and short stories written between 1876 and 1937 depicts cultural encounters between Americans and Europeans, mostly Frenchmen. Chiefly concerned with Fast and Loose, “The Last Asset”, Madame de Treymes, “Les Metteurs en Scène”, The Custom of the Country and The Age of Innocence, each of which articulates ideas relevant to the theme investigated, the thesis also contains a supplementary discussion of The Reef, The Glimpses of the Moon, The Mother’s Recompense and The Buccaneers. Borrowing terms and theoretical perspectives from Pierre Bourdieu and postcolonial literary criticism, particularly Homi Bhabha’s theories about inbetweenness, mimicry and otherness, the study contends through detailed analyses of single works that Wharton’s descriptions of Franco-American encounters are dynamic processes through which the parties involved are made aware of their own and “the other’s” distinguishing qualities and, in some significant cases, reach a heightened state of consciousness resembling Bhabha’s inbetweenness. Wharton’s cultural encounters often involve people with different levels of education and different economic and social positions, which justifies the use of Bourdieu’s method of analyzing the relationship between educational and social status in terms of different kinds of capital. While in her early works Wharton merely intimates the contours of the cultural encounter, in mature works such as Madame de Treymes and The Age of Innocence she views it as a highly complex process the many stages of which are intimated through the use of subtle narratological techniques. Throughout her work Wharton makes intricate use of imagery and keywords, some of them testifying to her interest in anthropology, to suggest the manifold dimensions of the cultural encounter, which is seen as both tempting and repelling. Her accounts of the Franco-American encounter are complexly related to the different phases of the American political and social situation described in her novels. The American experience of the meeting of the ‘old society’ and the ‘new’ is rendered even more complex by being seen as the background against which Europeans and Americans negotiate transactions of symbolic and economic capital. In most of her works these lead to tragic or tragic-comic misunderstandings; only in her last, unfinished novel does she describe a full-fledged Euro-American identity, a successful fusion of American and European experiences. / Den här avhandlingen är en studie i hur den amerikanska författarinnan Edith Wharton (1862-1937) i ett antal romaner och noveller skrivna mellan 1876 and 1937 skildrar kulturella möten mellan amerikaner och européer, främst fransmän. Avhandlingen behandlar huvudsakligen verken Fast and Loose, “The Last Asset”, Madame de Treymes, ”Les Metteurs en Scène”, The Custom of the Country and The Age of Innocence, som alla uttrycker idéer om kulturmöten; den innehåller även en kompletterande diskussion av verken The Reef, The Glimpses of the Moon, The Mother’s Recompense and The Buccaneers. Med termer och perspektiv hämtade från Pierre Bourdieu och postkolonial litteraturforskning, främst Homi Bhabhas teorier om in-betweenness (”mellanskap”), mimicry och otherness hävdar studien genom detaljerade analyser av enskilda verk hur Whartons beskrivningar av fransmäns och amerikaners möten är dynamiska processer där i bästa fall båda parter blir medvetna om sin egen och ”den andres” särart, och i vissa fall även når ett intensifierat medvetande som påminner om Bhabhas in-betweenness. Whartons kulturmöten sker oftast mellan personer med olika bildning samt ekonomisk och social position, vilket gör att Bourdieus perspektiv för analys av relationen mellan utbildning och social status som styrd av olika sorters kapital kommer till användning. I sina tidiga berättelser antyder Wharton konturerna av det kulturella mötet, i mogna verk som Madame de Treymes and The Age of Innocence gestaltar hon det som en mycket komplex process vars många skeden antyds via hennes användning av subtil berättarteknik. Alltigenom sina verk tillämpar Wharton ett komplext bildspråk och nyckelord, varav vissa vittnar om hennes intresse för antropologi, som antyder kulturmötets många dimensioner, framställt som samtidigt lockande och frånstötande/avskräckande. Hennes redogörelser av det fransk-amerikanska mötet är komplext relaterat till de olika faser av den amerikanska politiska och sociala situation som beskrivs i hennes berättelser. Den amerikanska erfarenheten av mötet mellan den ”gamla sociala grupperingen” och den ”nya” skildras som mer komplext genom att ses som den bakgrund mot vilken européerna och amerikanerna förhandlar transaktioner av symboliskt och ekonomiskt kapital. I merparten av hennes verk leder dessa transaktioner till tragiska eller tragikomiska missförstånd; bara i hennes sista, ofullbordade roman beskriver hon en fullt utvecklad euroamerikansk identitet, en lyckad sammansmältning av amerikanska och europeiska erfarenheter.

L'hétérogénéité des tendances de la sculpture religieuse du XVIIe siècle dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais reflète l'étendue et la diversité des régions qui le constituent. Ces départements sont un lieu de rencontre confrontant des oeuvres sculptées d'origine locale, régionale avec d'autres importées à partir d'autres centres des anciens Pays-Bas du Sud, de Paris ou de Picardie. La sculpture de qualité, liée au mobilier d'église, constitue l'essentiel de la production de cette époque et répondait aux orientations imposées par la réforme catholique. La révolution, les guerres ainsi que les changements de goût sont la cause principale de la perte d'une part considérable de ce patrimoine. Adam Lottman à Valenciennes, secondé par Jaspard Marsy à Cambrai s'imposent pour le Nord-Pas-de-Calais comme les meilleurs sculpteurs. Nous disposons d'éléments moins concrets sur d'autres sculpteurs, localement actifs, tels Antoine Liesse, Pierre Schleiff, Guillaume Tabaguet et Thomas Tieullier, pour ne citer que les plus importants. Au travers du siècle, la production régionale fut concurrencée par celle des sculpteurs anversois tels que Jean, Robert et André de Nole, Jacques Cocx ou Artus Quellin dit l'ancien et le jeune. Avec la conquête graduelle et définitive des régions, essentiellement par Louis XIV, s'installe une influence du classicisme français en sculpture, assuré en premier lieu par l'amiénois Nicolas Blasset. Ce n'est qu'à la fin du siècle qu'on retrouve des oeuvres d'autres Sculpteurs du Roi tels que François Girardon ou Jean Drouilly, au moment où les influences vont fusionner pour s'estomper au profit d'un style "français" porté par la puissance politique de la monarchie absolue. / Heterogeneity of the trends in religious sculpture of the XVIIth century in the Nord-Pas-de-Calaisreflects the extend and diversity of the regions of which these departments are made up. These departments are a meeting area where sculptural works of local and regional origin are facing comparison with imported sculptures from the Southern Low Countries, Paris or even Picardy. High quality sculptures, related to church furnishings, in keeping with the lines of conduct enforced by the Catholic Reform, make up the essential part of the production of that time. The French Revolution, wars and even changes in taste are the main causes of the loss of a considerable part of this cultural heritage. In the Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Adam Lottman at Valenciennes, assisted by Jaspard Marsy at Cambrai, are regarded as the best sculptors. Less concrete data are available on other artists such as Antoine Liesse, Pierre Schleiff, Guillaume Tabaguet and Thomas Tieullier, to mention only the most important ones. Throughout the century, the regional production was facing competition from Antwerp sculptors, such as Jan, Robert and André de Nole, Jacques Cocx or Artus Quellin the Older and the Younger. The gradual and final conquest of the regions, mainly by Louis XIV, established the influence of French classicism in sculpture, materialised primarily by Nicolas Blasset from Amiens. Not until the end of the century, at the time when influences start to merge and finally shrink into a "French" style, stimulated by the political power of the absolute monarchy, do we find worls of other "Royal Sculptors" (Sculpteurs du Roi) such as François Girardon and Jean Drouilly.

<p>This thesis examines the social theory of Lacanian philosopher Slavoj Žižek. It focuses on Žižek’s work between 1989 and 2006, and offers an interpretation based on a reading of three central concepts: the Other, fantasy, and the act. All these concepts occupy the intersection between Lacan’s three orders (Imaginary, Real, Symbolic), which in Žižek’s theory means that they express a tension shared by all social order. The first chapter approaches Žižek’s conception of “the social” through an introduction of the Lacanian concept of "the Other." Attention is paid to how (a) the Other is constitutively split between its role as a Symbolic network of signifiers, and its enigmatic (Real and Imaginary) capacity to support this Symbolic network; (b) a similar split marks several of Žižek’s Lacanian and Hegelian concepts. Moreover, the chapter contrasts Žižekian sociality with those of Giddens, Luhmann and Althusser. The second chapter gives an account of the topological place of fantasy in Žižek’s theory. Relating Žižek’s theory to Critical Theory, deconstruction and Deleuzian philosophy, fantasy is presented as a concept countering new forms of “bad infinity” (Hegel) in modern social theory. The third chapter links Žižek’s theory of the act to the theories of Judith Butler, Ernesto Laclau, and Alain Badiou. Commenting on Rex Butler’s brilliant reading of Žižek, the thesis argues that Butler’s definition of the act is too negative. Instead, the thesis proposes a definition which emphasises the act's productive dimension, insisting on how the act ultimately involves the transformation from masculine to feminine enjoyment. The last chapter critically observes the different treatments Lacan and Derrida receive in Žižek’s text. The argument concludes that the Žižekian text relapses into a "masculine logic of exception", insofar as it leaves Derrida’s phallus untouched, while treating Lacan as the only one lacking phallus.</p>