The aim of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the visual representation of the crisis in Iran on Instagram by Swedish and the Persian news accounts. The study analyzes the images through semiotic images analysis and includes 20 images, 10 of which are from two Swedish news accounts and the other 10 are from a Persian news account. The study draws on postcolonial theory, specifically the concept orientalism. The findings of the study reveal notable disparities in the reporting of the crisis between the Swedish and Persian news accounts. Notably, the Swedish visual reporting predominantly portrays women as the sole victims of the crisis, while the Persian news media has highlighted both male and female victims of the crisis. Consequently, the crisis in Iran is portrayed in the Swedish news media as a "women's revolution," implying that only women lack their human rights. Additionally, the results  have shown that the Swedish news media has visually reported the crisis in a way that reinforces the stereotyping of "the other", which has shown to be consistent with previous research.

Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados al Síndrome de Burnout (SB) en el personal de áreas críticas en hospitales ESSALUD de la Región Lambayeque 2022. Metodología: Estudio de diseño no experimental, descriptivo y correlacional, con muestreo no probabilístico tipo bola de nieve. Se aplicó el "Maslach Burnout Inventory" (MBI) y una ficha sociodemográfica mediante Google Forms a 398 trabajadores, seleccionando una muestra final de 196 empleados en diciembre 2022. Resultados: La frecuencia de SB fue de 5.6%, mientras que el 70.9% y el 23.5% mostró tendencia a padecerlo y ausencia del síndrome respectivamente. El promedio de edad fue de 41,8 (± 10.9) años, predominando el sexo femenino con 71.9%, el 50% fue personal de enfermería, 37.8% médicos y 12.2% técnicos, el 48% tuvo entre 2-3 hijos y el 36.2% contaba con más de 15 años de experiencia laboral. El análisis de Chi cuadrado determinó que las variables sexo, especialidad, horas de sueño y trabajo externo, se encontraron asociadas a SB (p-value < 0.05), y en el análisis multivariado solo se encontró asociación significativa con años de experiencia laboral (OR 0,491; IC 95% 0,274-0,880) y horas de sueño (OR 0,316; IC 95% 0,121-0,827). Sobre las dimensiones del SB, la dimensión Agotamiento Emocional (AE) bajo tuvo 65.3%, Despersonalización (DP) baja 54.6% y Realización Personal (RP) baja con 45.9%. Conclusiones: La tendencia de padecer SB fue alta, además se encontró asociación significativa entre SB y las variables sexo, especialidad, horas de sueño, experiencia laboral y trabajo externo. / Objective: To determine the factors associated with Burnout Syndrome (SB) in critical area staff at ESSALUD hospitals in the Lambayeque Region 2022. Methodology: Nonexperimental, descriptive, and correlational study design, with snowball non-probabilistic sampling. The "Maslach Burnout Inventory" (MBI) and a sociodemographic form were applied through Google Forms to 398 workers, selecting a final sample of 196 employees in December 2022. Results: The frequency of SB was 5.6%, while 70.9% and 23.5% showed a tendency towards suffering from it and absence of the syndrome, respectively. The average age was 41.8 (± 10.9) years, with females predominating at 71.9%, 50% were nursing staff, 37.8% doctors, and 12.2% technicians, 48% had between 2-3 children, and 36.2% had more than 15 years of work experience. Chi-square analysis determined that the variables of gender, specialty, hours of sleep, and external work were associated with SB (p-value < 0.05), and in the multivariate analysis, only years of work experience (OR 0.491; 95% CI 0.274-0.880) and hours of sleep (OR 0.316; 95% CI 0.121-0.827) were found to have a significant association. Regarding the dimensions of SB, the low Emotional Exhaustion (AE) dimension was 65.3%, low Depersonalization (DP) 54.6%, and low Personal Accomplishment (RP) 45.9%. Conclusions: The tendency to suffer from SB was high, and a significant association was found between SB and variables such as gender, specialty, hours of sleep, work experience, and external work.

Forskning visar att klientens förtroende för den professionella är avgörande för ett gynnsamt socialt arbete. Trots betydelsen av förtroende i det sociala arbetets praktik, visar undersökningar att socialtjänsten tenderar att ha ett lägre förtroende jämfört med andra samhällsaktörer. Det verkar dock existera en kunskapslucka vad gäller forskning som undersöker förtroendet för socialtjänsten i marginaliserade områden. Eftersom personer från marginaliserade områden tenderar att ha ett lägre förtroende för politiska institutioner generellt i jämförelse med majoritetsbefolkningen, är det av särskild relevans att undersöka hur förtroendet för socialtjänsten ser ut i marginaliserade områden. Följande studie syftar därmed till att undersöka förtroendet för socialtjänsten i marginaliserade områden ur lokalinvånares och socialarbetares perspektiv. För att besvara studiens syfte har en kvalitativ metod tillämpats. Studiens datamaterial utgörs av sex intervjuer med socialarbetare och fem fokusgruppsintervjuer med lokalinvånare från Angered och Vivalla. Studiens teoretiska ramverk utgör av en postkolonial teori och begreppet ”den Andra” samt teorier om stigma och territoriell stigmatisering. Studiens resultat visar att lokalinvånare i marginaliserande område har ett bristande förtroende för socialtjänsten, vilket kommer till uttryck i form av en stor rädsla och misstro mot myndigheten. Av resultatet framkommer att lokalinvånarnas bristande förtroende för socialtjänsten kan förklaras utifrån faktorer som diskriminering och stigmatisering av personer från marginaliserade områden, bristande information om socialtjänsten, socialttjänstens bristande tillgänglighet i områdena, skam, ryktesspridning samt begränsningar i socialtjänstens verksamhet. / Research shows that the client's trust in the professional is crucial for social work. Despite the importance of trust in the practice of social work, surveys show that social services tend to have a lower level of trust compared with other societal actors. However, there seems to be a knowledge gap regarding research that examines confidence in the social services in marginalized areas. As people from marginalized areas tend to have lower confidence in political institutions compared to majority populations, it is of relevance to examine what trust in social services means and how it is expressed in marginalized areas. The following study therefore aims to examine trust in social services in marginalized areas from the perspective of local residents and social workers. A qualitative method was applied to this study to the purpose of the study and to answer the research questions. The study's data material consists of six interviews with social workers and five focus group interviews with residents from two different neighbourhoods that are considered marginalized: Angered and Vivalla. The theoretical framework of the study consists of a postcolonial theory and the concept of "the Other" as well as theories of stigma and territorial stigmatization. The results of the study show that residents in marginalized areas lack trust in social services, which is expressed in the form of fear and mistrust. The results show that the residents lack of trust in social services can be explained by factors such as discrimination and stigmatization of people from marginalized areas, lack of information about the social services, the social services' lack of accessibility in said areas, shame, rumours, and restrictions in the social services' activities.

Jag har med hjälp av Norman Faircloughs modell för kritisk diskursanalys bearbetat 60 mediatexter som på något sätt berör fotbollsspelaren Zlatan Ibrahimovic och två särskilda händelser under hösten 2003. Jag har redovisat teorier som diskuterar samband mellan nationalism, rasism, identitet, idrott och media, samt några klassiska sociologiska teorier om identitet och maktstrukturer. Syftet har varit att söka svar på hur den mediala bilden av Zlatan Ibrahimovic tecknas och vilka egenskaper han framställs som bärare av, på om det förekommer några nationalistiska och/eller rasistiska diskurser i materialet, samt på om Zlatan Ibrahimovic representeras som svensk eller som invandrare, en Annan, och vilka orsakerna skulle kunna vara till den representation materialet ger. Jag fann att texterna om Zlatan Ibrahimovic i stort konstruerar en medial bild av honom som en Annan, och att det sätt Zlatan Ibrahimovic omtalas kan jämföras med hur invandraren generellt omtalas i svenska medier. Jag har även funnit att det sportjournalistiska textmaterialet är starkt präglat av nationalistiska diskurser, och även av diskurser som flera av de refererade teoretikerna i detta arbete placerar under en övergripande rubrik av rasism. Jag gör därtill antagandet att Zlatan Ibrahimovic placeras i en invandrarkategori i stor utsträckning på grund av sitt namn och på grund av den svenska dialekt han talar, eftersom både språk och den språkliga aspekten namn, utgör viktiga identitetsbestämmande markörer i den starkt nationalistiska kontext som sport och sportjournalistik kan anses utgöra. Jag finner även att de diskurser som dominerar i textmaterialet stämmer överens med och snarare stärker än försvagar rådande diskursordning kring svenskhet och kring den i den nuvarande diskursiva och samhälleliga praktiken utbredda dikotomin svensk-invandrare, såsom den diskursordningen beskrivs av flera av de i detta arbete refererade teoretikerna.

This thesis explores how the Lacanian concept of ‘the enjoyment of the Other’ (la jouissance de l’Autre) can be applied to break open normative understandings of the political factors shaping the climate crisis deadlock. The principal aim is to investigate how ostensibly disconnected environmental debates may be regarded as linked by an economy of enjoyment, more precisely by the promise of enjoyment by which the subject is libidinally attached to an ideology. Analysis of text proceeds by way of a psychoanalytic critique of ideology on two case studies from UK news media, namely, i) the development of onshore wind turbines and, ii) the appearance of direct-action environmentalist groups, in particular the activities of the group Just Stop Oil. This thesis finds that rhetorical devices across the discourses analysed are sustained by an ideological belief that the subject’s enjoyment has been stolen or ruined by the Other, that is, the external symbolic framework of language, morals and other people that shapes and influences subjectivity. On the one hand it is argued that the mediatisation of the climate crisis in terms of the enjoyment of the Other, that is, the belief that the Other has access to a full enjoyment which the subject is denied, portrays environmental politics as an empty display or ‘spectacle.’ On the other hand, it is suggested that the experience of environmental politics as a spectacle is a symptom of the decline of the state’s symbolic role in late capitalism.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:32:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camila Fernanda Saraiva.pdf: 7435189 bytes, checksum: 747c9569d7ea7390dc6c72d2947b6aee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study aimed to describe two teacher training experiences for teachers of early childhood education and primary schools in Santo André City, in the state of São Paulo, being them: Gender and Race and The Color of Culture, developed in 2005 and 2006. The research tried to evaluate the impact of the training programs in raising awareness and guiding teachers of early childhood education about the importance of including the perspective of ethnic-racial relations in their teaching. For this, the most adequate methodology of research for the proposed objectives was the qualitative research. Thus, the study analyzed the constitution and the settings of these programs, based on the available documents and on three interviews: one with the representative of the Department of Education and Training and two with kindergarten teachers working in municipal day care centers. The results of the analysis showed that: the training programs helped to include the ethnic-racial issues into the discussion about teaching practices, but this was limited to the period of the training courses. The results also pointed out the weaknesses of a formation process that adopts the method of multiplication, without reaching the schools, because that is one of the factors causing the discontinuity. One of the conclusions of the study is that this kind of training has to take in account the specificity of early childhood education. To carry on this work, other conditions are also necessary: the teacher personal involvement with the theme; the partnership and encouragement by the school management team; as well as the adoption of a permanent public policy by the Department of Education. In this way, teacher trainig programs on ethnic-racial relations could contribute to build a more democratic and egalitarian society / A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo principal descrever duas experiências de formação continuada de professores de educação básica no Município de Santo André, sendo elas: Gênero e Raça e A Cor da Cultura, ocorridas respectivamente, em 2005 e 2006, percebendo em que medida conseguiram sensibilizar e orientar os professores de educação infantil no sentido de incorporar a perspectiva das relações étnico-raciais em suas práticas pedagógicas. Para isso, o tipo de pesquisa que melhor atendeu aos objetivos propostos foi a pesquisa qualitativa. Assim, foram analisadas a constituição e as configurações das referidas formações, com base na documentação disponível e em três entrevistas: com a representante da Secretaria da Educação e Formação Profissional e com duas professoras de educação infantil que atuam em creche municipal. O resultado da análise mostrou que as formações contribuíram para aproximar as questões étnicoraciais das escolas e das práticas pedagógicas, porém de forma momentânea. Também apontou as fragilidades de um processo de formação que leva em conta a metodologia da multiplicação, sem atingir diretamente a escola, pois esse é um fator que contribui para a descontinuidade. Uma das conclusões da pesquisa é que a formação continuada de professores de educação infantil, na perspectiva das relações étnico-raciais, precisa levar em conta as especificidades dessa etapa da educação básica. Além disso, para a efetivação desse trabalho, se faz necessário: o envolvimento pessoal e profissional do professor com a temática; a parceria e estímulo por parte da equipe diretiva da unidade escolar; bem como a adoção de uma política pública permanente por parte da Secretaria de Educação. Dessa maneira, iniciativas como essas podem contribuir para a construção de uma sociedade mais democrática e igualitária

[pt] Investiga-se a presença, na literatura infantil, de temas fortes como solidão, abandono e destruição ambiental como modo de evidenciar e discutir a porosidade de leituras que permitem tanto o adulto quanto a criança coabitarem espaços potencializadores do sensorial (olhar, escutar, tocar), atravessando-os como fluxos que eclodem em experiências que transbordam para além do contato com o livro. A dissertação reúne os livros Por parte de pai, de Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós; Um dia, um rio, de Leo Cunha com ilustrações de André Neves e Rosa, de Odilon Moraes e estabelece pontos de contato entre estes e textos teóricos com a intenção de diluir fronteiras, sejam elas em termos de público (infantil/adulto) ou de experiências, compondo, assim, uma literatura infantil que se revela cada vez mais complexa e multifacetada. Para isso, as referências crítico-teóricas são constituídas por autores que pesquisam sobre literatura infantil como Teresa Colomer, Nelly Novaes Coelho, Peter Hunt, Sandra Beckett, e de autores como Walter Benjamin, Deleuze e Guattarri, tecendo uma trama que tem a intenção de fomentar um pensamento crítico com amplitude suficiente para abarcar a complexidade dos objetos analisados. / [en] The presence in children s literature of hard themes such as loneliness, abandonment and environmental destruction is investigated, as a way of underline and discuss the porosity of the readings, that allow either the adult and the child to cohabit spaces for mighting sensorial experimentation (look, listen, touching), traversing them as streams that hatch into experiences that unveil beyond contact with the book. The dissertation combines the books Por Parte de Pai, by Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós; Um dia, um Rio, by Leo Cunha and illustrated by André Neves and Rosa, by Odilon Moraes and establishes contact points between these books and theoretical texts with the intention of diluting borders, be in terms of public type (children/adults) or experiences, thus composing a children s literature that is increasingly complex and multifaceted. For this, the critical-theoretical references are constituted by authors who research on children s literature as: Teresa Colomer, Nelly Novaes Coelho, Peter Hunt, Sandra Beckett, and authors such as: Walter Benjamin, Deleuze and Guattarri, weaving a plot that has the intention to create critical thinking with enough breadth to cover the complexity of the analyzed objects.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The stereotypical figure of the femme fatale as irresistible seductress, who inevitably brings about death, is well known. This figure is nevertheless strangely absent from Afrikaans literature. This is what makes the appearance of the character of Nicolette in André Brink’s novel, The Ambassador (1963), so remarkable. Not only is she a complex femme fatale, she also adds a new dimension to the cliché. The striking similarities between Nicolette and Kathe, the female protagonist in Henri-Pierre Roché’s novel Jules et Jim (1953), justify a comparative study between these two novels. Although both of them bring about death, it seems that the presence of these femme fatale characters has positive rather than negative consequences. Contrary to the stereotypical evil temptress, Nicolette and Kathe are more natural, spontaneous and unpredictable – apparently free from the constricting qualities of the bloodthirsty femme fatale. In this comparative study, the image of the femme fatale is investigated through the close examination of its role and function in Jules et Jim and The Ambassador. By examining the philosopher René Girard’s theories on mimetic desire, violence and sacrifice as well as Georges Bataille’s ideas on eroticism and death, the nature of the femme fatale in these two novels is analysed in order to determine to what extent the image of the femme fatale as negative archetype could be reconsidered. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die stereotipiese figuur van die femme fatale as onweerstaanbare verleidster wat noodwendig die dood teweegbring, is alombekend. Tog blyk daar 'n opvallende afwesigheid van dié gevaarlike karakter in die Afrikaanse letterkunde te wees. Dit is waarom die verskyning van die karakter van Nicolette in André P. Brink se roman, Die Ambassadeur (1963), so merkwaardig is. Nie net is Nicolette 'n komplekse femme fatale karakter nie, maar bring sy ook 'n nuwe dimensie tot die geykte stereotipe. Dit is dan veral die treffende ooreenkoms tussen Nicolette en Kathe, die vroulike protagonis in Henri-Pierre Roché se roman Jules et Jim (1953), wat 'n vergelykende studie tussen hierdie twee romans regverdig. Alhoewel albei die dood teweegbring, blyk dit dat die teenwoordigheid van hierdie femme fatale karakters eerder positiewe as negatiewe gevolge het. Anders as die stereotipiese bose verleidster, is Nicolette en Kathe meer natuurlik, spontaan en onvoorspelbaar – oënskynlik vry van die beperkende eienskappe van die bloeddorstige femme fatale. In hierdie vergelykende studie word die beeld van die femme fatale ondersoek deur die rol en funksie daarvan in Jules et Jim en Die Ambassadeur in diepte te bestudeer. Deur die filosoof René Girard se teorieë oor mimetiese begeerte, geweld en offergawe asook Georges Bataille se idees oor erotisme en die dood te ondersoek, word die aard van die femme fatale in hierdie twee romans vergelykend ontleed om sodoende te bepaal tot watter mate die beeld van die femme fatale as negatiewe argetipe heroorweeg kan word. / RESUME: La figure stéréotypée de la femme fatale comme séductrice irrésistible et malfaisante qui entraîne inévitablement la mort, est bien connue. Néanmoins, nous constatons une absence frappante de cette figure dans la littérature de langue afrikaans. Voilà ce qui rend d’autant plus remarquable et surprenante l’apparence du personnage de Nicolette dans le roman L’Ambassadeur d’André Brink (1963). Non seulement est-elle une femme fatale complexe, mais Nicolette apporte aussi une nouvelle dimension à la figure rebattue. Ce sont surtout les similarités évidentes entre Nicolette et Kathe, la protagoniste féminine du roman Jules et Jim d’Henri-Pierre Roché (1953), qui justifient une étude comparée de ces deux romans. Bien que ces deux personnages féminins provoquent la mort d’un homme, il semblerait que la présence de ces femmes fatales ait des conséquences positives plutôt que négatives. Contrairement au stéréotype de la séductrice maléfique, les personnages de Kathe et de Nicolette sont plus naturels, spontanés et imprévisibles – apparemment libres de toute étiquette restrictive attribuée à la femme fatale assoiffée de sang. Dans cette étude comparée nous nous pencherons sur l’image de la femme fatale en examinant son rôle et sa fonction dans les romans Jules et Jim d’Henri-Pierre Roché et L’Ambassadeur d’André Brink. En considérant les théories sur le désir mimétique, la violence et le sacrifice que propose René Girard ainsi que les idées de Georges Bataille sur l’érotisme, nous essayons enfin d’établir dans quelle mesure on pourrait reconsidérer la définition étriquée de la femme fatale comme archétype négatif.

The northern province of Sweden has in both literature and film been depictured as something foreign and mythical, unlike the rest of the country. It has been my purpose to show in this essay that the systematic categorization of Norrland and its literature reveals multiple criteria known to define the colonial era. By reading the novel Stallo by author Stefan Spjut with postcolonial structures in mind I aim to show how the author uses Swedish mythology and through the presence of The Other criticizes colonial structures in place to this day. By examining the gothic atmosphere I intend to indicate how the trolls in the novel figures as both a horror element as well as a representation of nature itself. It is my belief that the author by further reinforcing the mythological in relation to Norrland addresses the problem at hand. That Norrland is still to this day a colony within its own country. / I Norrland kan ingen höra dig skrika. Det är så det norrländska landskapet har framställts inom både litteratur och film i Sverige. Norrland har genom åren gestaltas som något avlägset och mystiskt, nästintill främmande. Helt olikt resterande delar av landet. Det är min avsikt att visa hur den systematiska kategoriseringen av Norrland och dess litteratur avslöjar flera av de kriterier som per definition beskriver kolonism. Genom en postkolonial läsning av spänningsromanen Stallo (2012), av författaren Stefan Spjut, söker jag visa hur författaren genom svensk folklore och genom en övernaturlig närvaro kan kritisera koloniala strukturer.

This study aims to examine how Rome understood 'the Other' in the context of Roman plundering of sacred sites. It analyses specifically the Temple of Poseidon at Isthmia, and how it was affected by the destruction of Corinth in 146 BCE, and the second Jewish temple at Jerusalem, and how the Romans went about destroying it in 70 CE. This study combines archaeological and written sources with iconography, to get as full an image as possible of Roman pillaging. For Isthmia the sources are mainly archaeological, from the excavations made by the University of Chicago. For Jerusalem the source is the ancient text Bellum Judaicum, by Flavius Josephus. The theory is that of 'the Other', as presented by Erich Gruen in his work Rethinking the other in antiquity, which is applied to the many questions in the discussion. The result of this study shows that Romans frequently sacked sacred sites of other peoples and used the artworks from them to beautify their own cities. They used the history and tradition of the Other for their own gain, to create a certain image of themselves. Further, this study finds that Rom considered itself the main power in the Mediterranean during these periods of antiquity.