Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:42:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Michel Jorge Samaha.pdf: 2335647 bytes, checksum: 7af3f5eab3158ad2008664ed705c7072 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Based on the welfare system approaches (WS) and variety of capitalism (VoC) designed by Gösta Esping-Andersen and Peter Hall and David Soskice, respectively, this thesis focuses on the growing theoretical concern with the possible complementarities between the social protection system and the capitalist production system. When these approaches are articulated it is assumed that Brazil has a variety of combinations of these systems and cannot be typified as a homogeneous case. As Brazilian reality is heterogeneous, unequal and complex, the territorial scale chosen for the research were the Federative Units. The objectives of the thesis are to characterize the welfare systems and the varieties of capitalism in the Brazilian States, test the determination among them and identify the factors and the complementarities capable of explaining their economic heterogeneity and social protection. In addition to these goals, the study aims to show that the States are heterogeneous both in characterization of VoC as well as in terms of their WS; the States with matching systems present a significant complementarity and are nearby states. Despite the thesis limitations, it provides a theoretical framework for studying the internal variability of the types of welfare systems and varieties of capitalism, contributing to the construction of a typology adapted to the Brazilian heterogeneity. Furthermore, an ethnic dimension was introduced in the composition of the state types found, a theme that has been overlooked by the specialized literature. / A crescente preocupação teórica com as possíveis complementariedades entre o sistema de proteção social e o sistema de produção capitalista é desenvolvida nesta tese, tomando-se como referências as abordagens dos Regimes de Bem-Estar (RB) e de Variedade de Capitalismo (VoC), concebidas respectivamente por Gösta Esping-Andersen e Peter Hall e David Soskice. Ao integrar essas abordagens, assume-se o pressuposto de que o Brasil abriga uma variedade de combinações desses sistemas, não podendo ser tipificado como um caso homogêneo. A realidade brasileira é heterogênea, desigual e complexa, por isso a escala territorial eleita para a pesquisa foi a das Unidades Federativas. Os objetivos da tese consistem em caracterizar os regimes de bem-estar e a variedades de capitalismo nos estados brasileiros e testar a determinação entre eles, e, ainda, identificar os fatores e as complementariedades capazes de explicar a heterogeneidade econômica e de proteção social dos mesmos. Além de perseguir esses objetivos, o trabalho pretende mostrar que as unidades federativas são heterogêneas tanto na caracterização da VoC como no seu RB, e que estados com regimes coincidentes apresentam uma significativa complementariedade e estão espacialmente próximos. Não obstante suas limitações, a tese oferece um referencial teórico para estudar a variabilidade interna dos regimes de bem-estar e variedades de capitalismo, contribuindo para a construção de uma tipologia adaptada à heterogeneidade do Brasil. Além disso, foi introduzida uma dimensão étnica na composição dos tipos estaduais encontrados, tema quase negligenciado pela literatura especializada.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:31:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Priscila de Azevedo e Souza Venosa.pdf: 818153 bytes, checksum: 35e52293b56cf04edb32a41cf6512319 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation aims to focus on the impossibilities of education from each of the discursive forms it can assume in societies. It begins with a discussion of the proximity between psychoanalysis and education as two distinct epistemological fields until it reaches the point where Freud comprehends them as impossible discursive positions. The main used tool is the theory of discourse by Jacques Lacan, a reinterpretation of the three impossible Freudians. With it, is undertaken the investment of thinking the discursive contingencies predominantly present in the time period comprehended between the end of the Middle Ages and nowadays. The enjoyment [jouissance] modalizations for each discourse are presented and their corresponding way of education. Of the five discourses thought by Lacan master, hysterical, university, capitalist and analytical it is given a stronger focus to those considered politically hegemonic nowadays: the university and the capitalist. A discursive change between the first and the second is utilized to approach the transformations that occurred in the time period in which production capitalism gives way to consumer capitalism, or late capitalism. Its final goal is to discuss and raise questions on how the uneasiness nowadays is configured and how the hegemonic discourse engender the subjectivities of the subjects in education and society. For this, it will work with the contingent and historic, and not only structural of the Lacanian subject, covering and articulating the theoretical contributions of several authors who dedicated themselves to thinking about the themes that compose this subject / Nessa dissertação pretende-se dirigir um olhar para as impossibilidades do educar a partir de cada uma das formas discursivas que ele pode assumir nas sociedades. Inicia-se com um discussão da aproximação entre psicanálise e educação como dois campos epistemológicos distintos até chegar ao ponto em que Freud os compreende como impossíveis posições discursivas. A principal ferramenta utilizada é a teoria dos discursos de Jacques Lacan, uma releitura dos três impossíveis freudianos. Com ela, é empreendido o investimento de pensar as contingências discursivas predominantemente presentes no período compreendido entre o final da Idade Média e os dias de hoje. São apresentadas as modalizações de gozo referentes a cada discurso e sua correspondente forma de educar. Dos cinco discursos ensinados por Lacan mestre, histérico, universitário, capitalista e analítico é dado maior enfoque àqueles considerados politicamente hegemônicos nos dias de hoje: o universitário e o capitalista. Uma mudança discursiva entre o primeiro e o segundo é utilizada para abordar as transformações ocorridas no período em que se deu a passagem do capitalismo de produção para o capitalismo de consumo, ou capitalismo tardio. O objetivo final é discutir e levantar questões sobre como se configura o mal-estar nos dias de hoje e como os discursos hegemônicos engendram as subjetividades dos sujeitos na educação e na sociedade. Para tanto, trabalhará com o aspecto contingente e histórico, e não unicamente estrutural do sujeito lacaniano, percorrendo e articulando as contribuições teóricas dos diversos autores que se dedicaram a pensar sobre os temas que compõem esse assunto

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:16:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Inez Barboza Marques.pdf: 8251625 bytes, checksum: b4660a8920e08666a3ebd08405dae96e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-22 / As part of sex social relations, sexual division of labor is intrinsic to social division of labor in the capitalist system context which exploits men and women workforce and imprints a perverse exploitation/domination logic, affecting male and female workers in different socio-occupational spaces, including the Social Work profession and the work of teachers in this area. In addition, sexual division of labor must be seen through its space and time dynamics, including other reality components such as social, political, economic and cultural. From a capitalist production restructuring context and the Brazilian State Reform, education, universities and the work of teachers adopted the mercantile logic imposed by the capital movement at the global level. In this context, universities fall into a crisis and the precariousness of the teachers work is confirmed. Taking these dimensions consideration, the general objective of this research is to analyze the sexual division of labor and its expressions on the work of Social Work teachers, having as starting point the flexible accumulation of the 70 s and its impact on the Social Work Courses from Paraná State University (UNESPAR), at the Apucarana and Paranavaí campuses. The research is characterized as qualitative, using interviews together with reflective action which made the participation of the subjects (male and female) more dynamic. At the end of the process, it was possible to verify that, besides the sexual division of labor, the work of teachers is permeated by a knowledge and power division, present, inclusively, in the construction of Science, particularly at UNESPAR and in the Social Work courses at Paranavaí and Apucarana, in the State of Paraná / Como parte das relações sociais de sexo, a divisão sexual do trabalho é intrínseca à divisão social do trabalho no contexto do sistema capitalista que explora a força de trabalho de homens e mulheres e imprime uma lógica perversa de exploração/dominação, atingindo trabalhadores e trabalhadoras em diferentes espaços sócio-ocupacionais, incluindo a profissão do Serviço Social e o trabalho docente nesta área. Além disso, a divisão sexual do trabalho deve ser vislumbrada em sua dinâmica no espaço e no tempo, atingindo outros componentes da realidade, sejam eles sociais, políticos, econômicos ou culturais. A partir do contexto da reestruturação produtiva do capitalismo e da contrarreforma do Estado no Brasil, a educação, as universidades e o trabalho docente entram na lógica da mercantilização imposta pelo movimento do capital em nível mundial. Nesse âmbito, aprofunda-se a crise nas universidades e é concretizada a precarização do trabalho docente. Tendo como norte essas dimensões, a pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar a divisão sexual do trabalho e suas expressões no trabalho docente em Serviço Social, tomando como ponto de partida a acumulação flexível da década de 1970 e suas repercussões nos Cursos de Serviço Social na Universidade Estadual do Paraná (UNESPAR), nos campi de Apucarana e Paranavaí. A pesquisa caracterizou-se como qualitativa, através da realização de entrevistas aliadas à ação reflexiva, que dinamizou a participação dos sujeitos e sujeitas. Ao final do processo, foi possível constatar que, para além da divisão sexual do trabalho, o trabalho docente é permeado pela divisão do saber e do poder, presentes, inclusive, na construção da ciência, particularmente na UNESPAR e nos cursos de Serviço Social em Paranavaí e Apucarana, no Estado do Paraná

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Dugnani.pdf: 21889289 bytes, checksum: bb14be514d78b7523b9ee2c1bed07474 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-27 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This thesis claims that the values from the neoliberal discourse on the Brazilian (state and private) pensions are materialized on the newspapers: O Estado de S. Paulo (OESP), Folha de S. Paulo (FSP) e O Globo (OG). The identification and comprehension of such neoliberal values on the journalistic texts and on the newspaper advertisements contribute to the understanding of the relation between the aforementioned newspapers and the neoliberal discourse regarding the need for a new Brazilian State Pension reform that would involve, in general terms and under a market logic, a reduction of the benefits offered by the State Pension and, thus, opening space for the development of several kinds of private pensions. This is a key understanding for comprehending the market interests in the appropriation of more financial resources, which are going to be directed to the ambit of the financial globalization and of the implications of such process for the working class that daily lives the dismantling of the State Pension in Brazil and worldwide by the conservative remodeling proposed by the neoliberals. In order to achieve the objective of this research, which is to identify, analyze and interpret the values from the neoliberal discourse regarding the Brazilian pensions that are on the newspapers: OESP, FSP and OG, this thesis relies on the Bakhtin circle s philosophy of language and on the Dialogic Discourse Analysis (DDA) formulated from a Bakhtinian standpoint. The theoretical and methodological framework grounded on such perspective demands the analysis of both the journalistic texts that constitute the corpus of this research and the texts that are not necessarily on those newspapers pages, but which dialogues with them by addressing the neoliberalism and its relation with the social security, the Brazilian pensions and the news organizations approached by this thesis. The corpus of this research is composed by journalistic texts (news, press notes, opinion articles, editorials and interviews) and newspaper advertisements regarding the Brazilian pensions, which were published from 1st Oct. of 2010 to 31st March of 2011, i.e. in a period that comprehends the run-up to the elections and the beginning of Roussef s presidential term, by the newspapers: OESP, FSP and OG. The dialogic discourse analysis conducted here enabled the identification and comprehension of three traditional values from the neoliberalism in relation to the Brazilian pensions, which are: the need for a tightening of the fiscal stance in order to balance the budget of the Brazilian state pension; the meritocracy related to the private pension; and, the State s inefficiency in dealing with the pension system / Esta pesquisa defende a tese de que valores do discurso neoliberal sobre a previdência brasileira se materializam nas páginas dos jornais O Estado de S. Paulo (OESP), Folha de S. Paulo (FSP) e O Globo (OG). A identificação e compreensão desses valores neoliberais em matérias jornalísticas e anúncios publicitários contribui para o entendimento da relação entre os jornais acima citados e o discurso neoliberal no debate sobre a necessidade de uma nova reforma da Previdência Social brasileira, que, em termos gerais, sob a lógica do mercado, envolveria a redução da proteção do sistema previdenciário público, abrindo espaço para o desenvolvimento de diversas formas de previdência privada. Esse entendimento é fundamental para a compreensão dos interesses de mercado na apropriação de mais recursos a serem lançados no circuito da mundialização financeira e das consequências desse processo para a classe trabalhadora, que, a cada dia, presencia o desmonte dos sistemas de proteção social no Brasil e no Mundo mediante a reestruturação conservadora neoliberal. Para cumprir o objetivo a que se propõe identificar, analisar e interpretar os valores do discurso neoliberal sobre a previdência brasileira nos jornais OESP, FSP e OG esta tese se apoia na filosofia da linguagem do Círculo de Bakhtin e na Análise Dialógica do Discurso (ADD) advinda dessa filosofia. A teoria-metodologia daí decorrente exige tanto a análise dos materiais dos jornais que compõe o corpus de pesquisa, quanto daquilo que não está necessariamente nesse material, mas que com ele dialoga, sendo que, no caso desta pesquisa, isso envolve o neoliberalismo e a sua relação com a seguridade social, a previdência brasileira e as empresas jornalísticas em questão. O corpus de análise desta pesquisa é composto por matérias jornalísticas (notícias, notas, reportagens, artigos, editoriais e entrevistas) e anúncios publicitários sobre a previdência no Brasil publicados nos jornais impressos OESP, FSP e OG entre 1º de outubro de 2010 e 31 de março de 2011, período compreendido entre as vésperas do 1º turno das eleições presidenciais e o início do primeiro mandato da presidenta Dilma Rousseff. A análise dialógica do discurso aqui promovida possibilitou a identificação e compreensão de três valores tradicionais do neoliberalismo em diálogo com a previdência brasileira, a saber: a necessidade de rigor na política fiscal para equilibrar as contas da Previdência Social; a meritocracia associada à previdência privada; e a ineficiência da ação do Estado no sistema previdenciário

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:34:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Victor Vicente Barau.pdf: 1224672 bytes, checksum: f8cfa21eea269f82d6af487c89b1a818 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-01 / The dynamics, the antagonisms and contradictions inside the capitalist mode of production impact the capitalist form of sociability due to the crisis arising from the capitalist economic laws, especially in concerning of the tendency of falling rate of profit law. From a rereading of the theory critic of value, the debate proposed in this dissertation seeks to discusse and meditate about the mediations in which, directly or indirectly, consciously or unconsciously, affect the legal form and political form that is embodied in the Modern State, providing important elements for further discussion of current marixist´s theories of regulation and derivation of political form and legal form. / A dinâmica, os antagonismos e as contradições do modo de produção do capital impactam a forma de sociabilidade capitalista pelas crises cíclicas e estruturais decorrentes das leis econômicas do capital, especialmente na lei da queda tendencial da taxa de lucro. A partir de uma releitura da teoria crítica do valor, o debate proposto na presente dissertação busca discutir e refletir sobre as mediações que, direta ou indiretamente, consciente ou inconscientemente, afetam à forma jurídica do Direito e a forma política que se materializa no Estado moderno, fornecendo elementos importantes para futuros debates das atuais teorias marxistas da regulação e da derivação da forma política e da forma jurídica.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:55:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Dugnani.pdf: 21889289 bytes, checksum: bb14be514d78b7523b9ee2c1bed07474 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-27 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This thesis claims that the values from the neoliberal discourse on the Brazilian (state and private) pensions are materialized on the newspapers: O Estado de S. Paulo (OESP), Folha de S. Paulo (FSP) e O Globo (OG). The identification and comprehension of such neoliberal values on the journalistic texts and on the newspaper advertisements contribute to the understanding of the relation between the aforementioned newspapers and the neoliberal discourse regarding the need for a new Brazilian State Pension reform that would involve, in general terms and under a market logic, a reduction of the benefits offered by the State Pension and, thus, opening space for the development of several kinds of private pensions. This is a key understanding for comprehending the market interests in the appropriation of more financial resources, which are going to be directed to the ambit of the financial globalization and of the implications of such process for the working class that daily lives the dismantling of the State Pension in Brazil and worldwide by the conservative remodeling proposed by the neoliberals. In order to achieve the objective of this research, which is to identify, analyze and interpret the values from the neoliberal discourse regarding the Brazilian pensions that are on the newspapers: OESP, FSP and OG, this thesis relies on the Bakhtin circle s philosophy of language and on the Dialogic Discourse Analysis (DDA) formulated from a Bakhtinian standpoint. The theoretical and methodological framework grounded on such perspective demands the analysis of both the journalistic texts that constitute the corpus of this research and the texts that are not necessarily on those newspapers pages, but which dialogues with them by addressing the neoliberalism and its relation with the social security, the Brazilian pensions and the news organizations approached by this thesis. The corpus of this research is composed by journalistic texts (news, press notes, opinion articles, editorials and interviews) and newspaper advertisements regarding the Brazilian pensions, which were published from 1st Oct. of 2010 to 31st March of 2011, i.e. in a period that comprehends the run-up to the elections and the beginning of Roussef s presidential term, by the newspapers: OESP, FSP and OG. The dialogic discourse analysis conducted here enabled the identification and comprehension of three traditional values from the neoliberalism in relation to the Brazilian pensions, which are: the need for a tightening of the fiscal stance in order to balance the budget of the Brazilian state pension; the meritocracy related to the private pension; and, the State s inefficiency in dealing with the pension system / Esta pesquisa defende a tese de que valores do discurso neoliberal sobre a previdência brasileira se materializam nas páginas dos jornais O Estado de S. Paulo (OESP), Folha de S. Paulo (FSP) e O Globo (OG). A identificação e compreensão desses valores neoliberais em matérias jornalísticas e anúncios publicitários contribui para o entendimento da relação entre os jornais acima citados e o discurso neoliberal no debate sobre a necessidade de uma nova reforma da Previdência Social brasileira, que, em termos gerais, sob a lógica do mercado, envolveria a redução da proteção do sistema previdenciário público, abrindo espaço para o desenvolvimento de diversas formas de previdência privada. Esse entendimento é fundamental para a compreensão dos interesses de mercado na apropriação de mais recursos a serem lançados no circuito da mundialização financeira e das consequências desse processo para a classe trabalhadora, que, a cada dia, presencia o desmonte dos sistemas de proteção social no Brasil e no Mundo mediante a reestruturação conservadora neoliberal. Para cumprir o objetivo a que se propõe identificar, analisar e interpretar os valores do discurso neoliberal sobre a previdência brasileira nos jornais OESP, FSP e OG esta tese se apoia na filosofia da linguagem do Círculo de Bakhtin e na Análise Dialógica do Discurso (ADD) advinda dessa filosofia. A teoria-metodologia daí decorrente exige tanto a análise dos materiais dos jornais que compõe o corpus de pesquisa, quanto daquilo que não está necessariamente nesse material, mas que com ele dialoga, sendo que, no caso desta pesquisa, isso envolve o neoliberalismo e a sua relação com a seguridade social, a previdência brasileira e as empresas jornalísticas em questão. O corpus de análise desta pesquisa é composto por matérias jornalísticas (notícias, notas, reportagens, artigos, editoriais e entrevistas) e anúncios publicitários sobre a previdência no Brasil publicados nos jornais impressos OESP, FSP e OG entre 1º de outubro de 2010 e 31 de março de 2011, período compreendido entre as vésperas do 1º turno das eleições presidenciais e o início do primeiro mandato da presidenta Dilma Rousseff. A análise dialógica do discurso aqui promovida possibilitou a identificação e compreensão de três valores tradicionais do neoliberalismo em diálogo com a previdência brasileira, a saber: a necessidade de rigor na política fiscal para equilibrar as contas da Previdência Social; a meritocracia associada à previdência privada; e a ineficiência da ação do Estado no sistema previdenciário

本文欲探討，政商關係的建立是否必然會導致企業的獲利？之前對於此一相關主題的研究雖然驗證了政商關係的存在及其影響力，但按著這樣的思維，我們容易把政商關係視為只是單一面向的互動，忽略了國家的角色。我們將從台灣資本主義國家的政權特性開始，探討以此開展出來的政商關係型態。本文嘗試在理論上結合「社會中心」與「國家中心」的論述，建立一個政商關係多樣型態的分析架構，再以此觀察具有政商關係的企業，在不同型態的政商關係□的獲利情形。 目 錄 第一章 緒 論1 第一節、研究動機與目的1 第二節、文獻檢閱4 第三節、章節安排11 第二章 理論架構與研究方法13 第一節、前 言13 第二節、理論架構13 第三節、研究方法24 第四節、結 語35 第三章 台灣資本主義國家的性質37 第一節、前 言37 第二節、國家力量38 第三節、公營事業46 第四節、國民黨投資事業52 第五節、結 語58 第四章 平常時期的政商關係59 第一節、前 言59 第二節、地方資本家的興起59 第三節、國家為資產階級利益服務66 第四節、結 語76 第五章 危機時期的政商關係79 第一節、前 言79 第二節、資本主義體系優於個別資本家80 第三節、執政利益優先的考量89 第四節、結 語92 第六章 結 論95 第一節、 研究發現95 第二節、 研究限制98 第三節、 研究建議99 附錄一、具企業財團背景立委參與經濟、財政、交通委員會情形101 附錄二、研究母體中各企業獲利情況102 參考資料108 圖 次 圖2.1：政商關係型態圖20 圖2.2：平常時期的政商關係21 圖2.3：危機時期的政商關係23 圖3.1：國民黨七大控股公司及重要轉投資事業一覽表54 圖4.1：歷年具企業財團背景立委首次進入立法院人數比例分配圖61 圖4.2：平常時期製造業企業平均純益折線圖68 圖4.3：達永興實業於平常時期獲利折線圖69 圖4.4：平常時期服務業企業平均純益折線圖72 圖4.5：欣欣大眾於平常時期獲利折線圖73 圖4.6：九七年（平常時期）金融業企業獲利直條圖75 圖5.1：危機時期製造業企業平均純益折線圖81 圖5.2：危機時期服務業企業平均純益折線圖83 圖5.3：金融業企業平均純益折線圖86 圖5.4：欣欣大眾於危機時期獲利折線圖91 圖5.5：九六年國民黨投資事業獲利直條圖91 圖5.6：九八年國民黨投資事業獲利直條圖92 表 次 表2.1：立委所屬大企業分類表27 表2.2：一九八六年至一九九八年的政經景況33 表3.1：已移轉民營事業表50 表3.2：民營化企業董事會成員表51 表3.3：七大控股公司稅後純益明細55 表3.4：七大控股公司持股50%以上實際經營公司家數57 表4.1：威權政體轉型前後出現的企業形成本質差異簡表60 表4.2：立法委員所屬企業背景63 表4.3：具企業財團背景立委參與經濟、財政、交通委員會人數統計65 表4.4：平常時期製造業企業獲利情形67 表4.5：平常時期服務業企業獲利情形71 表4.6：6家新銀行主要的投資財團74 表5.1：危機時期製造業企業獲利情形81 表5.2：危機時期服務業企業獲利情形83 表5.3：金融業企業獲利情形85 表5.4：一般產業與金融產業的差異87 / The thesis wants to discuss that, whether the establishment of relations between politicians and business conduce the enterprises gain profits consequentlly? The related studies about

This paper attempts to evaluate a dotcom start-up company and a professional young basketball player using Real Option Analysis in the investors’ points of view. That is, we are standing in the financers’ shoes and valuing both cases if they are worth investing in. We believe that real option analysis is the most appropriate valuation method from our current knowledge compared to other traditional valuation methods notably like the Net Present Value (NPV), therefore we try to prove that using both qualitative and quantitative descriptions. The authors concentrate more on applying quantitative methods than giving detailed definitions of real options. Binomial Pricing Model and Monte Carlo simulation with the help of MS Excel and MATLAB were used in the evaluation. The paper consists of two case studies, each tackled differently but both summarized up all together. The paper concludes with a table exhibiting when real options are valuable and a belief that game theory is essential in ROA. / Matlab Codes and Simulation&Binary Tree Model(Excel)

The purpose of this study is to present the different approaches, which Hegel and Marx have developed regarding the relation between consciousness and life, consistent with their aims. Hegel&rsquo / s aim is to combine all the opposed ideas and beliefs proposed throughout the history of philosophy into a unified whole. Hegel&rsquo / s dialectics which is immanent to life can also explain the opposition between consciousness and life. Self-consciousness, which appears as subjectivity in Hegel&rsquo / s philosophy, at first, treats the life as an object of desire. Later, however, self-consciousness which cannot thus realize itself desires another self-consciousness who will recognize itself, so it relates with an other self-consciousness. This relation is defined as a &ldquo / life and death struggle&rdquo / . At the end of the struggle, there arise new forms of self-consciousnesses, Master and Slave. While the Slave produces for its Master, it relates itself to Life and this relation between Slave and Life brings about Slave as self-consciousness. On the other hand, the aim of Marx is not only to combine the oppositions but also to create a worldly philosophy. To this end, Marx puts economic relations of human beings at the centre of his theory. According to Marx, relations of production condition classes. While one class produces, the other exploits the productions of the former class. In Hegel, the Slave obtains its certainty as self-consciousness while it produces, whereas in Marx, the worker, who produces, is alienated form him/herself in the capitalist mode of production. To sum up, both Hegel and Marx emphasize the mutual relation between consciousness and life, but their divergent aims lead to them constructing this relation with different concepts on different foundations.

In this thesis I interrogate the possibility of 'willing and social' work participation in industrial organisation. I draw on Habermas's (1976, 1979, 1984 & 1987) work to synthesise marxist and weberian ideas, and to derive a socio -cultural or cultural Marxist perspective on Capitalism. From this position I highlight the limitations of social action in theories of organisation and work. Moreover, I theoretically derive a model of work participation that acknowledges broader orientations to work. I interrogate that model of work participation in a study of four dominant forms of industrial organisation. Those organisations are SEQEB the South East Queensland Energy Board, Eagle Boy Pizzas in Queensland, the New South Sugar Milling Cooperative Ltd, and Budge -Ellis Staff Co-operative. Gathering data for this study involved both primary and secondary research. I used a comparative and longitudinal field research approach, unstructured interviews with an interview guide, and the collection of documents recommended by interviewees. I interviewed people working in the organisations and relevant government agencies. My research involved travel in Queensland and New South Wales, Australia. Ultimately, I produce a sociologically informed model for the establishment of 'willing and social' work participation. I conclude work participation exists within the context of capitalism, and social relations - either formally free or free; that work participation is directly influenced by rational configurations of the world of work comprising economic, political and social worldviews; and I argue the dominance of a worldview depends on whether the political action premises of buffering and shoring successfully neutralise competing worldviews; and whether the moral dictums or espoused values of work are prescribed or invoked and result in the exploitation or deployment of internal values. My thesis points in the direction of further work on co-operative forms of organisation and work and their commonweal ideologies. In particular, my findings demonstrate a crowding out of co-operative forms and ideologies, not only by capitalist forms but also by trade union collectives. The type of research I suggest has the potential to increase the legitimation of co-operative forms of organisation. Although, the Australian co-operative movement has many achievements there remains the problem of establishing a socially progressive rationality that makes practical or operational sense to people at work. The emancipator ideal of willing and social work participation is intended to epitomise the goals of the enlightenment project, and to lead in that direction.