Global ETD Search

11	An Exploration of Information Inadequacy: Instances that Cause the Lack of Needed Information Kajtazi, Miranda January 2011 (has links) Information is one of the most essential resources in our contemporary societies, as it guideshuman thinking, planning and subsequent actions, which in turn generates consequencesthat are desired or not. The Lehman Brothers bankruptcy in 2008, the tsunami in Indonesiain 2004, the Space Shuttle Challenger destruction in 1986 are just three instances ofdramatic situations, emerging continuously, where information plays a crucial role. Thisstudy investigates the phenomenon of the lack of needed information, predominantlyexperienced with difficulties in human, social and industrial affairs. Consequently, thechallenge is to understand why such situations emerge. Two approaches are utilized toexplore this challenge using an interpretivist tradition. The first is a hermeneutic approach,the second a grounded theory approach. The first approach – theoretically oriented –investigates numerous theoretical bodies, selected with the assumption that they can explainthe addressed challenge. The results show that there are no comprehensive theoreticalbodies that can fully account for the phenomenon of the lack of needed information.Furthermore, there is no consensus on what “information” is – the very core of thechallenge, which gave the foundations for a formulation of an alternative notion ofinformation and is instrumental for the present investigation. Thus, no a priori theory isused to guide the empirical investigation. The second approach – empirically oriented –investigates fifty empirical cases, where the lack of needed information is clearly manifested.The results present an initial outline for a possible future theory of information inadequacy,constituted by the dichotomy of information-lack and information-overflow. Informationlackis dominated by: “information is non-existent”, “information is insufficient”, “information is censored” and “information is undelivered”. Whereas, information-overflow isdominated by: “information is ambiguous”, “information is redundant”, “information isirrelevant” and “information is undervalued”. The two main dichotomous characteristics andtheir interrelations result in patterns of various information inadequacies. The keyconclusion of the present study is that while dramatic situations are increasing everyday,there is as yet no theoretical body designed to comprehensively account for the phenomenonin context; only partial accounts are found. Thus, the empirical investigation suggests thatthe phenomenon of the lack of needed information seems to emerge because of diversefactors, ranging from political and cultural structures, through human individualcapabilities, and ending with procedural and technological artefacts. This study advocatesthat further research is needed to fully account for and explain instances of the lack ofneeded information, and that such an account requires an innovative and interdisciplinary focus. information information inadequacy information lack information overflow hermeneutic approach grounded theory approach Computer and Information Sciences Data- och informationsvetenskap
12	Sjuksköterskans upplevelser av omvårdnaden till patienter inom palliativ vård på vårdavdelning : En litteraturöversikt / Nurses experience on the care of patients in palliative care in the ward Törnberg, Sofie, Lidegran, Ebba January 2018 (has links) Bakgrund Sjuksköterskans grundläggande ansvarsområden är att främja hälsa, förebygga sjukdom, återställa hälsa och att lindra lidande. Inom palliativ vård, då inte en botande vård längre går att uppnå är istället målet att främja hälsa och lindra lidande. Att vårda en patient i livets slutskede är en stor utmaning för sjuksköterskan, som har en avgörande roll i den palliativa omvårdnaden av patienten. Syfte Att beskriva sjuksköterskans upplevelser av omvårdnaden till patienter inom palliativ vård på vårdavdelning Metod En litteraturöversikt som baseras på 12 vetenskapliga artiklar, varav 8 kvalitativa och 4 kvantitativa. Artiklarna söktes i databaserna PubMed och Cinahl. Bearbetning av artiklarnas resultat gjordes utifrån Forsberg och Wengström’s (2016) metod. Resultat Sjuksköterskors upplevelser utformade fyra kategorier med tillhörande subkategorier: Kommunikationssvårigheter: samarbete, vårdrelation, Tids- och resursbrist: påverkan på omvårdnadsarbetet, planering och prioritering, Kunskap: acceptera döden samt Utbildning. Slutsats Sjuksköterskor ansåg att ovan nämnda upplevelser hade betydelse i omvårdnadsarbetet av patienter i palliativ vård. De menade att okunskap och tids- och resursbrist försvårade omvårdnadsarbetet, vilket skapade en känsla av otillräcklighet. Kommunikation ansågs vara en viktig faktor för samarbete och skapande av god vårdrelation men kommunikation var i många fall svår att bemästra. Utbildning inom området efterfrågades för att möjliggöra kompetensutveckling av kunskap för sjuksköterskan i omvårdnaden av patienter inom palliativ vård. / Background Nurses essential responsibilities are to promote health, prevent disease, restore health and relieve suffering. In palliative care, when a cure is no longer possible, the goal is to promote health and relieve suffering. Caring for a patient at the end of life is a major challenge for the nurse, who plays a crucial role in palliative care of the patient. Aim To describe the nurse’s experiences of nursing patients in palliative care in the ward. Method A literature review based on 12 scientific articles, both quantitative and qualitative. Searches of the articles was made in databases Cinahl and PubMed. Analysis of the articles' results was based on Forsberg and Wengström's (2016) method. Results Nurses experiences formed four categories with belonging subcategories: Communication difficulties: cooperation, care relationship, Time- and resource shortages: impact on nursing, planning and prioritization, Knowledge: accepting death and Education. Conclusion Nurses felt that the mentioned experiences were significant in the nursing work of patient in palliative care. They ment that lack of knowledge and time- and resource shortage complicated nursing work, which created a sense of insufficiency. Communication was considered to be an important factor for cooperation and care relationship, but in many cases it was difficult to master. Education in the field was requested to enable the development of knowledge for the nurse in the care of patients in palliative care. Education experience inadequacy litterature review nurse palliative care. Litteraturöversikt otillräcklighet palliativ vård sjuksköterska upplevelse utbildning Nursing Omvårdnad
13	Information Inadequacy in Nuclear Power Plant Accidents Bertilsson, Richard January 2014 (has links) The aim of this study is to compare the cause of the, to date, three onlycommercial nuclear power plant accidents. These are very complex incidents,which have dire impact on society and the environment and therefore benefitfrom further investigation, if there lays a possibility of identifying factors thatcould prevent further accidents in the future. In order to investigate this theactions and decisions that lead up to each nuclear meltdown was identified andcompared.The investigation was based on a qualitative study on three cases of nuclearmeltdown accidents. They are based on text analysis of official reports anddocumentaries on the subject. The theoretical background for this study wasKajtazi’s (2011) work on Information Inadequacy. The study was limited to theevents leading up to the accidents and do not include activities afterwards.The study shows that each case had different underlying reasons. It alsoshows that we seem to have learned something from our previous mistakes, andacted on them accordingly. From the Fukushima Daiichi accident we canrecommend that organizations in charge should take early warnings seriouslyand act upon them as soon as they are presented. Information Inadequacy Nuclear meltdown Nuclear accident Three Mile Island Chernobyl Fukushima Daiichi Information Systems
14	“Du orkar liksom inte springa ett maraton och sen springa några mil till” : En kvalitativ studie om ledarskapets påverkan på undersköterskors psykosociala arbetsmiljö inom äldreomsorgen / “You can not run a marathon and then run a few more miles” : A qualitative study on the impact of leadership on the assistant nurses’ psychosocial work environment in elderly care Berglund Riikola, Mathilda, Gibson, Sandra January 2022 (has links) Det förväntas saknas tusentals undersköterskor i Sverige inom de närmaste åren. Därför är det viktigt att få uppfattning om hur undersköterskorna mår i arbetet och hur det kan relateras till närmaste ledare. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka undersköterskors upplevelser av hur närmaste ledare kan bidra till en god psykosocial arbetsmiljö inom äldreomsorgen. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ metod och använder sig av semistrukturerade intervjuer som genomfördes genom det digitala verktyget ZOOM. Tio stycken undersköterskor inom äldreomsorgen deltog i samtal under cirka 60 minuter gällande deras upplevelser av den psykosociala arbetsmiljön, ledarskapets betydelse och hur samarbetet mellan dem och närmaste chef fungerar. Studiens resultat visar att undersköterskorna upplever att det finns en koppling mellan hur deras närmaste ledare arbetar och hur de mår på arbetet och tre faktorer var framträdande. Vikten av kommunikation, framförallt kommunikationen mellan ledare och undersköterskorna. Undersköterskorna upplever att det finns brister i dialogen mellan dem och närmaste ledaren. De har även behov av att få inflytande i arbetsrelaterade faktorer som schemaläggning och rutiner för att lyckas med goda resultat. Ledarskapets betydelse, där undersköterskorna ansåg att chefens kompetens, lyhördhet och vårderfarenheter som betydelsefulla för deras trivsel i arbetet. Känsla av otillräcklighet, som relaterar till undersköterskornas upplevelser av höga krav och bristande återhämtning. / In some years to come there will be a lack of thousands of assistant nurses in the Swedish Health Care System. An important issue is therefore to study the psychosocial wellbeing situation among assistant nurses and if there might be a relationship between the level of wellbeing and the art of leadership. This study aimed to examine assistant nurses' experiences of how their immedient leader in Elderly Health Care Worksites can contribute to create a sustainable psychosocial work environment. The study used a qualitative research approach. The empirical data were collected by semi-structured interviews, using a digital plattform ZOOM. Ten assistant nurses took part in individual interviews, each one with the duration of approximately 60 minutes. The themes for the data collection were the respondents' experiences of the psychosocial work environment, the importance of leadership and how collaboration between them and the immediate manager works. The results show that there is a clear relation between the art of the immediate leadership and psychosocial wellbeing at work. The respondents expressed the necessity of supportive communication, especially communication between leaders and assistant nurses. They expressed an insufficiency in communication with their immediate leader. They expressed the need of influence on work-related factors such as scheduling and routines in order to perform well at work. They regarded the manager's competence, sensitivity and own experience of Health Care work to be important for supportive psychosocial wellbeing at work. Finally they put forward the feeling of inadequacy, which relates to the assistant nurses' experiences of high demands combined with scarcity in physical and mental recovery. Communication leadership inadequacy psychosocial work environment assistant nurses Kommunikation ledarskap otillräcklighet psykosocial arbetsmiljö undersköterskor Social Psychology Socialpsykologi
15	Sentimento de inadequa??o: estudo fenomenol?gico-existencial Torres, Andr? Roberto Ribeiro 15 February 2008 (has links) Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andre R R Torres.pdf: 385259 bytes, checksum: 277369ce3198a3a1ec7ebd8df1dcd50b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-15 / It s possible to identify important phenomena to be approached regarding the Feeling of Inadequacy (FI), characterized for the feeling of being unequal or different from other people or diverse situations. For this, the present work keeps its attention directed toward the relation between subject and sociocultural context, with the objective of understanding the phenomenon of feeling inadequate and how one configures one s self according to the possible psychological consequences of the situation. The research was qualitative in nature and developed itself based on the phenomenological method style of Merleau-Ponty. The work initiated of theoretical form, through the analysis of popular literature, diagnostic manuals and indexed scientific bibliography. The second stage started from the descriptive-speculative analysis of opened and participative interviews with three adults. Each one described in their own way the presence of the FI in their lives. Notwithstanding the details of the phenomenon, three basic psychological responses have been identified: 1) the Levelling of Subjectivity (LS), characterized by self-questioning, isolation, solitude and, mainly, by the attempt to modify one s self in regards towards the sociocultural context; 2) the Levelling of the Objectivity (LO), in which are identified higher levels of aggressiveness, questioning of the sociocultural context and the possible attempt to modify it, which difficults, on the other hand, contact with subjective aspects; 3) the Sense of Inadequacy (SsI), position in which the subject assimilates the FI of reflexive and creative form, evidencing the importance of the playful character of the existence. The study revealed a possibility of transit between LS and LO, inverting the focus of the leveling, but not necessarily indicating any development of significant insights on the subject s part. / ? poss?vel identificar fen?menos importantes a serem abordados no que diz respeito ao Sentimento de Inadequa??o (SI), caracterizado pelo sentimento de desigualdade ou diferen?a em rela??o a outras pessoas ou situa??es diversas. Para isso, o presente trabalho mant?m sua aten??o voltada para a rela??o entre sujeito e contexto sociocultural, com o objetivo de compreender o fen?meno de sentir-se inadequado e de como se configuram os poss?veis desdobramentos psicol?gicos dessa situa??o. A pesquisa, de car?ter qualitativo, se embasa no m?todo fenomenol?gico segundo o estilo de Merleau-Ponty. O trabalho se iniciou de forma te?rica, atrav?s da an?lise de literatura popular, manuais diagn?sticos e bibliografia cient?fica indexada. A segunda etapa ocorreu a partir da an?lise descritivo-especulativa de entrevistas participativas abertas realizadas com tr?s adultos. Todos descreveram ao seu modo a presen?a do SI em suas vidas. Al?m de detalhes sobre o fen?meno, foram identificados tr?s desdobramentos psicol?gicos b?sicos: 1) o Aplainamento da Subjetividade (AS), caracterizado pelo autoquestionamento, isolamento, solid?o e, principalmente, pela tentativa de o sujeito de se modificar em fun??o do contexto sociocultural; 2) o Aplainamento da Objetividade (AO), no qual se identificam n?veis de agressividade, questionamento do contexto sociocultural e a poss?vel tentativa de modific?-lo, dificultando, por outro lado, o contato com aspectos subjetivos; 3) o Senso de Inadequa??o (SsI), postura na qual o sujeito assimila o SI de forma reflexiva e criativa, evidenciando a import?ncia do car?ter l?dico da exist?ncia. Percebeu-se a possibilidade de tr?nsito entre o AS e o AO, invertendo o foco do aplainamento sem que necessariamente se desenvolvam reflex?es significativas. sentimento de inadequa??o psicologia fenomenol?gica psicologia existencial subjetividade contexto sociocultural Merleau-Ponty feeling of inadequacy phenomenological psychology existential psychology subjectivity sociocultural context Merleau-Ponty CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
16	Sjuksköterskans upplevelse av att invänta assistans med en kritiskt sjuk patient, inom ambulanssjukvård / The nurse's experience of waiting for assistance with a critically ill patient, in ambulance healthcare Axell, Mari, Aronsson Dekinnaird, Caroline January 2023 (has links) Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskan inom ambulanssjukvården behöver hållas uppdaterad inom den medicinska och omvårdnadens utveckling. Detta då sjuksköterskans arbete inom ambulanssjukvården är ett omväxlande arbete, där varje dag är olik. Den komplexa vård och arbetsmiljön ställer därmed höga krav på både den enskilda sjuksköterskan, och på ambulansteamet. Detta då de ibland träffar på svårt sjuka patienter och ytterligare resurser behövs på plats för att lösa varierande situationer, något som även kan orsaka stress. Problemformulering: Att ställas inför en kritiskt sjuk patient och inse att ytterligare resurser krävs, är realitet för samtliga sjuksköterskor inom ambulanssjukvården. Att behöva vänta på assistans och samtidigt vårda en kritiskt sjuk patient är något som kan bygga på ytterligare stressfaktorer hos sjuksköterskorna. Då det är begränsat med forskning inom området, genomfördes denna studie. Syfte: Sjuksköterskans upplevelse av att invänta assistans med en kritiskt sjuk patient, inom ambulanssjukvården. Metod: Semistrukturerade intervjuer hölls med åtta sjuksköterskor. Deltagarna kom från tre olika ambulansområden inom Västra Götalandsregionen. Ambulansområdena var belagda i storstad, mindre stad och landsbygd. Intervjuerna analyserades med kvalitativ induktiv ansats. Resultat: Analys av upplevelsen att invänta assistans resulterade i tre kategorier, i form av “behov av kontroll”, “känna sig otillräcklig” och “känna sig otrygg”. Diskussion: Sjuksköterska inom ambulanssjukvården ställs inför känslomässiga utmaningar i väntan på assistans, med en kritisk sjukpatient. Känslan att vara otrygg och otillräcklig skapar en hög stress, som resulterar i att sjuksköterskan vill göra så mycket som möjligt för patienten, även om allt inte kan göras. Sjuksköterskan löper risk att drabbas av psykisk ohälsa, ångest och PTSD. / Background: Nurses in ambulance healthcare need to be kept up-to-date in medical and nursing developments. This is because the nurse's work in ambulance healthcare is varied work, where every day is different. The complex care and work environment therefore place high demands on both the individual nurse, but also on the ambulance team. This is because they sometimes encounter seriously ill patients and additional resources are needed on site to resolve varying situations, something that can also cause stress. Problem formulation: Being faced with a critically ill patient and realizing that additional resources are required is a reality for all nurses in ambulance healthcare. Having to wait for assistance and at the same time care for a critically ill patient is something that can build on additional stress factors for the nurses. As there is limited research in the area, this study was conducted. Purpose: The nurse's experience of waiting for assistance with a critically ill patient, within the ambulance service. Method: Semi-structured interviews were held with eight nurses. The participants came from three different ambulance areas within the Västra Götaland region. The ambulance areas were covered in big cities, smaller cities, and rural areas. The interviews were analysed using a qualitative inductive approach. Results: Analysis of the experience of waiting for assistance resulted in three categories, in the form of "need for control", "feeling inadequate" and "feeling insecure". Discussion: Nurses in the ambulance service face emotional challenges while waiting for assistance, with a critically ill patient. The feeling of being unsafe and inadequate creates a high stress, which results in the nurse wanting to do as much as possible for the patient, even if everything cannot be done. The nurse is at risk of mental illness, anxiety, and PTSD. nurse ambulance healthcare pre-hospital assistance assignment inadequacy insecurity stress qualitative method interview study sjuksköterska ambulanssjukvården prehospital assistansuppdrag otillräcklighet otrygghet stress kvalitativ metod intervjustudie Nursing Omvårdnad
17	Le cadre juridique des investissements internationaux en République démocratique du Congo / The legal framework for international investment in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Iririra Nganga, Dan 29 June 2019 (has links) L’investissement étranger est considéré aujourd’hui comme un facteur clé voire une valeur ajoutée à même de faciliter le développement de l’État d’accueil. Ainsi, l'État congolais mise sur l’amélioration de son arsenal juridique interne dont l’objectif consiste à attirer de nombreux investisseurs et investissements étrangers sur son territoire. Pour ce faire, des réformes tendant à l’amélioration de principaux textes juridiques applicables directement ou indirectement en matière d’admission et de sécurisation des investissements étrangers afin de se conformer aux standards internationaux deviennent une obsession pour cet État, dont la finalité demeure : la valorisation de ses ressources naturelles notamment le cobalt, le germanium et la colombo-tantalite etc. très souvent inexploitées et utile à même de servir à la production des batteries pour les voitures électriques. Il serait donc nécessaire désormais que le contrôle de l’État souverain sur ses ressources naturelles considérées comme des minerais stratégiques soit davantage renforcé et que le contentieux en matière d’investissement soit confié à des entités qui prennent en compte l’intérêt général au détriment des arbitrages sous l’égide des arbitres privés, défendant les intérêts privés. Ainsi, la création d’un Centre international africain de règlement des différends pourrait être profitable notamment en permettant aux experts africains - tant arbitres qu’avocats - d’être plus présents dans le cadre des procédures impliquant leurs États d’origine / Foreign investment is now considered a key factor or even an added value that can facilitate the development of the host country. Thus, the Congolese State is focusing on improving its domestic legal arsenal, the objective of which is to attract many foreign investors and investments to its territory. To this end, reforms aimed at improving the main legal texts directly or indirectly applicable to the admission and security of foreign investments in order to comply with international standards are becoming an obsession for this State, the purpose of which remains: the development of its natural resources, in particular cobalt, germanium and colombo-tantalite etc., which are very often unexploited and useful for the production of batteries for electric cars. It would therefore now be necessary for the sovereign State to strengthen its control over its natural resources considered as strategic minerals and for investment litigation to be entrusted to entities that take into account the general interest to the detriment of arbitrations under the aegis of private arbitrators, defending private interests. Thus, the creation of an African International Dispute Resolution Centre could be beneficial, in particular by allowing African experts - both arbitrators and lawyers - to be more present in proceedings involving their States of origin Inadéquation du droit Eclatement Incohérence Admission Sécurisation L’obsolescence des règles Souveraineté permanente Minerais stratégiques Accords bilatéraux Expropriation Nationalisation Traitement juste et équitable Transparence Inadequacy of the law Splitting Inconsistency Admission Securisation Obsolescence of rules Permanent sovereignty Strategic minerals Bilateral agreements Expropriation Nationalisation Fair and equitable treatment Transparency
18	Analýza interdisciplinárního přístupu k dětem s orofaciálními rozštěpy / Analysis of interdisciplinary approach to children with orofacial clefts Novotná, Kateřina January 2021 (has links) The topic of this diploma thesis is an analysis of interdisciplinary approach to children with orofacial clefts. The first chapter deals with theoretical base and defines terminology - communication, communication disabilites. It also defines anatomy and physiology of nasal cavity and oral cavity. The second chapter relates to issues of orofacial clefts. It describes classification, etiology, symptomatology, prevention, aestetic and psychosocial impacts and orofacial cleft children care. The third chapter deals with occurence of communication disabilites of children with orofacial clefts. It focuses on the definition of palatholaly, velopharyngeal inadequacy and it describes various linguistic levels and speech therapy and intervention. The fourth chapter is empiric and it deals with analysis of interdisciplinary approach to children with orofacial clefts. In research processes there were used scientific literature analysis, anamnestic data analysis and available specialized materials analysis. Based on all of these materials six case studies were created. Main goal of this empiric chapter was to analyze interdisciplinary approach to children with orofacial clefts. Partial goals were to analyze whether information provided by experts and doctors to parents of newborn children with orofacial cleft...
19	Les contentieux en transport maritime de marchandises par conteneurs. / The litigation in marine transport of cargo container. Assongba, Cossi Hervé 28 November 2014 (has links) Le transport maritime par conteneurs est devenu universel compte tenu de son caractère multimodal. Le succès de ce mode de transport est aussi lié à l’implication de plusieurs professionnels tant du monde privé que du monde public. Cependant, le transport de conteneurs constitue un univers de contentieux parfois inconnus. L’usage de ces boîtes fait l’objet de contentieux de nature privé, mais également des contentieux de nature administrative. Bien que des Conventions internationales règlementent le transport maritime en général, l’inadaptation de certaines de ces normes ne facilite pas la résolution de ces contentieux. Et, comme l’administration des douanes est en amont et en aval dans l’exécution du contrat de transport, son intervention ne reste pas sans soulever des contentieux dont la résolution implique deux ordres de juridictions. / The container shipping has become universal because of its multimodal nature. The success of this mean of transport is also linked to the involvement of many professionals from both private and public sectors. However, the container shipping constitutes a field of litigation sometime ignored. The use of these boxes involves not only litigations of private nature but also of administrative nature. Although some international conventions regulate shipping in general, the unsuitability of some of these norms does not help the settlement of these litigations. And, as the customs administration is upstream and downstream involved in the execution of the contract of carriage, its involvement is a source of disputes whose settlement implies two different kinds of courts. Transport par conteneurs Conventions internationales Litiges Sources de contentieux Inadaptation des règles Fraudes Contrôle douaniers Contentieux privés Contentieux douaniers Sanctions douanières Modes de règlement Container shipping Litigation International convention Customs administration Container control Customs fraud Customs penalties Inadequacy rules Litigation sources Mades of dispute resolution
20	Developing Skills for Successful Learning Swersky, Liz 20 March 2012 (has links) (PDF) No description available. effektiver Lehrmethoden aktiv und kreativ im Lernen bessere Qualität der Lehre Anfangsjahre verbesserte Schülerleistung Edupeg-Projekt in Südafrika Ausdauer Gedächtnisleistung soziale Kompetenz Selbstvertrauen Selbstwertgefühl kognitive Fähigkeiten visuelle Wahrnehmung Rechnen Lebenskompetenzen intuitives Wissen des Kindes kreatives Denken genaues schriftliche Arbeiten fließend sprechen Wortschatz geschriebene Sprache Geschichten erzählen Muttersprache Denkvermögen Techniken zur Problemlösung Problemlösungsstrategien Entscheidungsfindung Selbstvertrauen stärken Disziplinprobleme vermindern Tempo und Inhalt des Unterrichts der am langsamsten lernende Schüler praktische Erfahrungen positive Lernerfahrungen aktiveres Engagement im Unterricht more effective teaching methods improved quality of teaching early years improved pupil performance Edupeg perseverance memory skills social skills self-confidence self-esteem cognitive skills visual perception numeracy life skills child's intuitive knowledge creative thought accurate written work fluency of language vocabulary written language story-telling mother tongue thinking skills problem solving techniques problem solving strategies decision making promotes self-reliance discipline problems diminish pace and content of the lesson the slowest learner practical experiences positive learning experiences more actively engaged in teaching ddc:510 rvk:SD 2011

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