Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka kuratorers erfarenheter av transkulturella möten och kuratorers uppfattningar om hur kulturkompetens inverkar på vården inom svensk psykiatri. Ambitionen med studien är också att få förståelse för om det kan vara av vikt att kuratorer inom psykiatri innehar kulturkompetens. Studien utgår från att Sverige är ett mångkulturellt land där många kulturer möts, vilket ger anledningar att studera hur kuratorer samspelar med patienter vid transkulturella möten. Studiens syfte har uppnåtts med hjälp av en kvalitativ metod där semistrukturerade intervjuer med tio kuratorer har genomförts. Empirin har analyserats genom tematisk analys och studiens frågeställningar har studerats utifrån teorierna symbolisk interaktionism och andrefiering. Resultaten av studien visar bland annat vilka erfarenheter kuratorer har av transkulturella möten samt vilka utmaningar kuratorerna upplever i dessa möten. Det kan vara till exempel patientens bristande språk och kulturella skillnader bland annat i form av hur psykisk ohälsa uttrycks. I studien framkommer också kuratorers uppfattningar av kulturkompetens och att de ser att det finns ett behov av sådan kompetens. Denna kompetens menar kuratorerna kan uppnås genom en kombination av utbildning och erfarenhet. Studiens slutsats är att kuratorer menar att kulturkompetens kan vara av betydelse för att uppnå jämlik vård samt nå förståelse i möten med patienter som har en annan kulturell bakgrund. Implikationer för socialt arbete som tas upp i studien är till exempel att kulturkompetens inom psykiatri kan skapa förståelse för patienter med en annan kulturell bakgrund och vara till gagn för dem då det handlar om jämlik vård. Vidare lyfts i studien ett behov av att erfarenheter av transkulturella möten och kulturkompetens studeras även ur andra synvinklar.

This paper aims to form a clear understanding of the counsellors work with self-harming at youth clinics. And to explore the counsellors approach to help the youth to change their behavior. And whether the counsellors follow a preventive and supportive way for mental health in relation to adolescent self-injurious behavior. The data collected for this study utilises a primary source of data. Counsellors working at different youth clinics around Sweden were interviewed using  semi-structured interviews. The gathered material was then analyzed using a thematic analysis method.  All the interviewed counsellors asserted on the importance of establishing a good relationship with patients, although each counsellor had their own methods and approaches.  The counsellors reported that young people engage in self-injurious behavior as a means to deal with stress. And that this behaviour seems to be increasing among adolescents due to a number of factors including lack of parental care, bullying at school, addiction issues at home, and many other factors. Upon asking youth caunsellors about their approach, they note that normalizing self-harming behavior during sessions is an essential key to allow patients to open up about their life. Counsellors are actively seeking to uplift the youth by empowerment. Which seems to be a means that helps the counsellors to change the youths coping mechanism. Through getting them to get in touch with their own emotions, change the way they think and deal with problems, as well as help them by motivating them to find social support from the people around them. However, it was also found that some counsellors did not use a preventive method in dealing with the self-harming youth. There is a number of reasons for not using a preventive method by the counsellors, some of which were lack of resources, time limits, and other reasons illustrated in the paper.

Syftet med studien är att öka kunskapen om kuratorers erfarenheter av att utöva stödsamtal via videosamtal inom primärvården. Vidare är syftet att öka kunskapen om kuratorernas förhållningssätt till stödsamtal som genomförs via videosamtal. Därför syftade studien till att undersöka vilka möjligheter respektive utmaningar kuratorer upplever i utövandet av stödsamtal via videosamtal inom primärvården samt deras förhållningssätt till dessa samtal. För att besvara frågeställningarna genomfördes studien med en kvalitativ metod genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Dessa intervjuer analyserades med hjälp av en tematisk analys. Totalt intervjuades sex kuratorer som arbetar inom primärvården i olika regioner i Sverige och valdes utifrån ett bekvämlighetsurval. Det teoretiska begreppet om professionellt förhållningssätt och Kommunikationsteori har tillämpats i analysen av de empiriska resultaten. Resultaten visar att videosamtal som verktyg kan ha både för- och nackdelar för både kuratorer och patienter. Det framkommer även att kuratorerna upplever en förlust av icke-verbal kommunikation i samtal via videolänk och att den icke-verbala kommunikationen ofta ersätts och förstärks av verbal kommunikation. Studien visar även att miljön vid samtal via videolänk kan ses som både en resurs och ett hinder för både kuratorerna och patienterna. Studiens resultat belyser även att omfattning av utbildning vad gäller videosamtal och kollegialt stöd är olika för kuratorerna men att de framhäver betydelsen av att tillgodose patientens behov. Studien uppmärksammar vikten av självreflektion för utveckling i den professionella yrkesrollen. / The study aims to increase knowledge about social workers, i.e counsellors, experiences and approaches of practicing videoconferencing in primary care. Therefore, the study aimed to examine counsellors’ experiences regarding opportunities, challenges and approaches of these calls. A qualitative methodology was employed through a series of semi-structured interviews to collect the data. A thematic analysis of the interviews was used to analyse the practitioners’ responses. Through convenience sampling, a total of six primary care counsellors who work in six different regions in Sweden were selected and interviewed. The theoretical concept of the Professional Approach and Communication Theory has been applied in the analysis of the empirical results. The results demonstrate that videoconferencing as a tool, can have both advantages and disadvantages for both the practitioner and the patient. The results indicated that some non-verbal cues are lost during video call counselling, however, those are often replaced and reinforced by verbal communication. The study also shows that the environment of video call can both facilitate and hinder the experience of the session, for both the practitioner and the patient. In addition, the extent of videoconferencing training and collegial support differs across practitioners, but there is a strong emphasis on the importance of accommodating the patient's needs. Lastly, the study accentuates the importance of self-reflection within practitioners for ongoing professional development.

This qualitative study focuses on counselors' views on honor-based violence and oppressionwith the purpose of comprehending how they perceive the phenomenon and how they identifyit when working with clients. The counselors' workplace conditions and their perceivedknowledge about the subject were also studied. We conducted semi-structured interviews withseven counselors in Sweden and a thematic analysis was conducted alongside Durkheim andLipsky’s theories to further deepen the analysis of the results. The results were divided intothree parts, each containing two to three identified themes and representing the study’squestions: the definition of honor culture, workplace conditions and state of knowledge. Theresults showed that counselors mainly defined honor culture as a structure with strong normsand gender roles, some of them related the phenomenon to religion and other ethnic cultures.The results also showed how the counselors identify honor-based violence when working withclients and that the workload experienced by the counselors influenced their probability ofkeeping up with new guidelines in their work. Honor-based violence and oppression weredescribed as difficult to identify in clients.

The aim of our thesis has been to examine and establish an understanding for the working method that professional social workers have in the meeting with suicidal adolescents in regard to discovery and treatment. Further we were also interested in whether differences in the working methods exist depending on the sexes of the adolescents. The method has been qualitative in the form of semi-structured interviews conducted with seven professional social workers in Sweden and analyzed with help of two theories, empowerment and gender-theory. Results have shed light on the importance of relationship building that takes place in conversational context. Social workers rely highly on empathy and respect during supportive treatment sessions as well as having an eye out for detecting initial signals of suicidality, which require sensitivity and attention. In regard to adapting the working methods to youth gender, results have shown that the social workers rather adapt to the individual than the specific gender, hence providing a question whether further research in terms of help seeking abilities between the different sexes is needed in social work.

The purpose of this study is to examine which feelings arise within the counsellor in the meeting with patient, how they handle these and what challenges and/or opportunities exist with the space of their feelings. This study has been carried out with the help of a qualitative method in the form of semi-structured interviews with eight counsellors with degrees in social work, who work in health centres. The interviews have been analysed based on a thematic analysis method. The results reveal five different themes based on what is emphasized in the interviews. In summary, the themes describe how emotions are an inevitable part of social work and that it is not unusual for the counselor to have strong feelings in the meeting with the patient. Feelings can represent both a challenge where the counselor needs to adapt their feelings in order to maintain their professional role and not to shift focus from the patient, while emotions also constitute a tool where the counselor can use their emotions to support the patient moving forward. The counselors also say that it is not unusual that the patient’s feelings transfer on to themselves, where the example is given that the patient's sorrow can arouse the counselor's own perceived sorrow. Furthermore, the study describes how the counselors give different emotions different space and that they sometimes postpone their feelings that are not helpful in the meeting to reflect on them after the meeting with the support of supervisors and colleagues.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur omsorgspersonal inom äldreomsorgen upplever äldres behov av samtalsstöd. Metoden som har använts är kvalitativ i form av individuella semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex informanter som arbetar som omsorgspersonal inom den kommunala äldreomsorgen. De teoretiska utgångspunkter som har tillämpats är socialkonstruktionism samt Erik Homburger Eriksons teori om människans livsstadier. Resultatet av studien visar att det enligt omsorgspersonalen finns ett samtalsbehov hos brukare inom äldreomsorgen som inte alltid kan tillgodoses idag på grund av omsorgspersonalens tidsbrist samt avsaknad av kompetens i att möta djupa frågor. Kuratorer inom äldreomsorgen skulle kunna bidra med samtalsstöd för äldre samt vara ett stöd för anhöriga och personal. Resultatet antyder till att behovet av kuratorer inom äldreomsorgen kommer att öka. Framtidens äldre förmodas ställa mer krav än de gör idag på att få samtalsstöd eftersom denna insats blir högre och mer accepterad i samhället. / This study aims to examine how professionals in care for older people experience older people´s needs of counselling in grievous life questions. A qualitative method has been chosen in the form of individual semi-structured interviews with six care workers in municipal care for older people. The theoretical bases which have been applied are social constructionism and Erik Homburger Erikson's theory: Stages of Psychosocial Development. The result of the study shows that older people in care for older people sometimes are in need of counselling. These needs are not always fulfilled today because of the care workers lack of time and expertise in facing grievous life questions. Counsellors in care for older people are presumed to increase because older people in the future will make more demands and also will find it more natural in life crisis to talk to a counsellor.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur skolkuratorer på grundskolan arbetar mot kränkande behandling i form av sexuella trakasserier. Vidare undersöktes om det förekommer skillnader i kuratorers bemötande, värderingar och bedömningar ur ett genusperspektiv med utgångspunkt från ett fiktivt fall. Metoden baserades på ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt med semistrukturerade intervjuer kopplade till en vinjett. Fyra deltagare utgick under intervjutillfällena från en vinjett och två tog ställning till en annan. Vinjetterna innehöll samma fiktiva berättelse förutom att elevens könstillhörighet var utbytt. Studiens vetenskapliga ramverk bestod av genusteori. Genomsökandet av tidigare forskning inom området visade att professionella vanligtvis gör en viss skillnad i bemötandet av klienter baserat på klientens könstillhörighet. Resultatet från den här studiens intervjuer synliggör dock inga utmärkande skillnader i bemötande beroende på elevens kön. Dock kunde vissa skillnader urskiljas i intervjupersonernas fria berättande i vilket intervjupersonernas förståelse av vissa typer av beteenden hos elever kunde härledas till stereotypa föreställningar om kön. Avslutningsvis diskuteras utifrån skribenternas perspektivhuruvida skolorna borde utveckla sina utbildningsstrategier avseende makt, sexualitet och samtycke. / The purpose of the study was to investigate how school counselors at compulsory school work against offensive treatment in the form of sexual harassment. Furthermore, it was examined whether there were differences in counselors' treatment, values and assessments from a gender perspective, based on a fictitious case. The method was based on a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews linked to a vignette. During the interview sessions, four participants were based on a vignette and two from another. The vignettes contained the same fictional story except that the pupil's gender affiliation was exchanged. The study's scientific framework consisted of gender theory. The search of previous research in the field showed that professionals usually make a certain difference in the treatment of clients based on the client's gender affiliation. However, the results of this study's interviews do not reveal any significant differences in treatment depending on the student's gender. However, some differences were discernible in the respondents 'free narrative in which the respondents understanding of certain types of behavior among students could be derived from stereotypical notions of gender. Finally, it is discussed from the writers' perspective whether the schools should develop their education strategies regarding power, sexuality and consent.

The aim of the study is to analyze the understanding of how curators at Bloton Open Care look at collaboration with actors linked to their work. A qualitative method was used and the data was based on semi-structured interviews with six curators from Bloton Open Care and additionally one of the managers.   The findings point to that collaboration is crucial in the work with children and families if the child or family is in contact with several social service organizations. The curators emphasize the importance of being able to see their own part in collaborative work and consequently being humble while helping others. The understanding of others is grounded in transparency of the participant's shortcomings as well as the company´s. The prerequisites for collaborative work become more efficient if the purpose behind the collaboration is clear and all participants in the collaboration are familiar with the matter.

<p>Vårt syfte med denna studie är att utifrån en socialpsykologisk ansats ta del av elevhälsovårdens och stödverksamhetens arbete respektive samarbete på en gymnasieskola i en medelstor stad. Med hjälp av kvalitativ metod har vi utfört sex enskilda intervjuer, en parintervju samt ett experiment. Vi har använt oss av följande socialpsykologiska teorier: <em>Gruppsykologi</em> (Svedberg, 2007), <em>Det potentiella rummet </em>(Winnicott, 1993)<em>,</em> <em>Ungdomstidens kriser</em> (Cullberg, 2006)<em>,</em> <em>Den konkreta och abstrakta socialiteten</em> (Asplund, 1987)<em>,</em> <em>Benämnandets kraft</em> (Crafoord, 2005)<em>,</em> <em>Emotionsteori</em> (Scheff, 1990). Genom dessa teorier har vi försökt belysa svårigheter med, och ge en förståelse kring, hur elevens situation i skolmiljön ser ut samt hur arbetet inom, respektive samarbetet mellan, elevhälsovård och stödverksamhet mot en god elevhälsa ter sig. Vi har i föreliggande studie upptäckt att vissa typer av problem respektive svårigheter hos eleven uppmärksammas medan andra glöms bort. Den grundläggande problematiken i arbetet mot en god elevhälsa är dock samhället; ett samhälle där resurserna till det psykosociala välmående inom gymnasievärlden inte prioriteras.</p> / <p>From a social psychological approach, our aim with this study is to take advantage of student health care and support business activities and cooperation in a secondary school in a medium sized city. Using a qualitative method, we have conducted six individual interviews, one pair interview and an experiment. We have used the following theories: <em>Group Psychology</em> (Svedberg, 2007), <em>the potential space</em> (Winnicott, 1993), <em>Youth of the future crisis</em> (Cullberg, 2006),<em> the concrete and abstract sociality </em>(Asplund, 1987), <em>the telling force</em> (Crafoord, 2005), <em>Emotion theory</em> (Scheff, 1990). With these theories, we have tried to highlight difficulties, and provide an understanding of how the student's position in the school environment looks like and how to work within, and cooperation, student health care and support operations against a good student health appears. We have in the present study found that some types of problems and difficulties of student attention while others are forgotten. The fundamental problem at work against a good student health is society: a society where resources for the psychosocial well-being in the secondary world are not a priority.</p>