Este trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa qualitativa bibliográfica sobre a relação primária mãebebê, segundo os referenciais teóricos de Freud e Winnicott. O modelo narcísico freudiano da Primeira Tópica dialogará com a perspectiva relacional winnicottiana sobre a constituição do sujeito. Inicialmente serão feitas algumas considerações sobre a constituição psíquica no tempo pré-narcísico e sobre a teoria freudiana da sexualidade. Em seguida, a relação primária será estudada através da perspectiva winnicottiana do amadurecimento humano primitivo infantil, abrangendo os conceitos da transicionalidade, da ilusão e dos objetos transicionais. Conclui-se com a constatação de que há em Winnicott uma teoria do amadurecimento pessoal que engloba e ultrapassa a teoria do desenvolvimento da sexualidade de Freud / Sem abstract

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The following research emerged out of the remark that the main characters from major success TV shows for the last decade are – at first sight – quite unlike from what we usually comprehend as television’s “good guys”. They are contemporary beings frequently portrayed as complicated, unhappy and morally wrong. This description strongly separates them from attributes normally connected to the word “hero”: greatness, honour, strength, character, wisdom, dexterity, value, leadership. On behalf of understanding the possibility of the emergence and the popularization of this profile, and also to investigate if truly exists something distinguishing those from ulterior heroes, the hero’s trace was sought into humanity’s history, since its birth as a myth until its present consolidation. For the purpose of limning this profile, the current paper presents the analysis of two contemporary characters, videlicet, Tony Soprano, from The Sopranos, and Walter White, from Breaking Bad. At last, these analyses are articulated within the therapeutic discourse supported by suffering’s narrative. Considering the socio-historical conditions which allowed therapeutics’ discourse appearance and consolidation, as well as elements pointing at its ‘exhaustion’ while (being) a privileged subjectification discourse. / A pesquisa em questão surgiu a partir da observação que o perfil dos protagonistas de séries televisivas de grande sucesso na última década é, à primeira vista, bastante distinto daquele que comumente associamos aos mocinhos da TV. São personagens contemporâneos descritos com frequência como complicados, infelizes e moralmente incorretos. Descrição que os distancia fortemente dos atributos comumente associados à palavra herói: grandeza, honra, força, caráter, sabedoria, destreza, valor, liderança. Com o intuito de compreender a possibilidade de emergência e de popularização desse novo perfil, além de averiguar se realmente há algo que distingue o dos heróis anteriores buscou-se traçar a trajetória do herói na história da humanidade, desde seu nascimento com o mito até sua atual consolidação. A fim de ilustrar o perfil de herói em questão, o trabalho apresenta análises de dois personagens contemporâneos que o materializam, a saber, Tony Soprano de Família Soprano e Walter White de Breaking Bad. Finalmente, essas análises são articuladas ao discurso terapêutico, fundado na narrativa do sofrimento. Considerando as condições sócio históricas que possibilitaram o surgimento e a consolidação do discurso terapêutico, bem como elementos que apontam para um certo esgotamento do mesmo, enquanto um discurso de subjetivação privilegiado.

Avec l’allongement de la durée de vie, les écrits sur la psychologie du vieillissement se sont développés à une moindre échelle que ceux concernant la clinique de l’adulte et de l’enfant. Il nous est donc apparu intéressant, passionnant et fécond de réfléchir à cette période de senescence en reprenant la dualité somat/psyché à travers l’événement chute. L’utilisation d’une méthodologie quantitative et qualitative permet d’aborder l’évènement chute comme une expérience traumatogène selon les données corporelles (sujet dit fragile ou valide, conséquences somatiques et psychomotrices…), temporelles (délai de la dernière chute, moment de la chute, âge objectif et subjectif de la chute…) et psychiques (défenses mises en place, réminiscence, travail du vieillir…). Nous nous sommes donc plus particulièrement penchés sur le point de bascule de cet événement dans un contexte de traitement coûteux des conflits issus de cette période pour y découvrir des défenses de type obsessionnel et une régression maternelle primaire. Par conséquent, le développement des réflexions psychologiques et psychanalytiques sur la clinique de la chute du sujet âgé ne peut être appréciable qu’à la condition de ne pas « tomber » dans le mythe d’un lien de causalité unique, dans une classe démographique indifférenciée dont l’âge serait vu comme un facteur étiologique. L’utilisation de l’analyse quantitative et qualitative du discours donne accès aux données réactionnelles post chute mais également aux modalités de traitement psychique des affects et conflits éveillés par cet événement. Nous avons associé le discours en libre association avec la technique du dessin pour avoir un aperçu des images mentales fixées dans le récit historien de la mémoire. La chute est alors exposée comme un agir, pour pallier la défaillance du système pare-excitation, des capacités d’élaboration et de liaison de la blessure narcissique de la sénescence. Cependant, elle peut également être appréciée comme un retour au corps pour une reprise élaborative des liens d’attachement en vue d’une fin inéluctable. C’est alors que « ce qu’on appelle une raison de vivre est en même temps une excellente raison de mourir » (Albert Camus). En effet, les communications sur la question de la psychologie de la chute du sujet âgé sont principalement étudiées dans le cadre de processus déficitaires ou psychopathologiques du sujet âgé fragile, hospitalisé, sans réellement prendre en compte les remaniements complexes individuels et groupaux inhérents au travail du vieillir. Nous nous sommes donc intéressés au mouvement psychique chez le sujet âgé valide afin d’en tirer de nouvelles réflexions cliniques sur le type d’angoisse et de relation d’objet. Le TAT/SAT proposé au sujet de notre étude a établi la constitution psychique d’un modèle interne de relation insécure du chuteur, en lien avec des expériences d’empiètement relationnel avec un objet maternel défaillant et décevant. / With the increase of life expectancy, psychological writings about ageing have not developed as much as those concerning adults and children. It seemed to us interesting, fascinating and fruitful to think about this senescence period by restating the « somat/psyche » duality throughout the deterioration event. The use of a quantitative and qualitative methodology allows us to tackle the fall event as a traumatic experience according to physical data (fragile ou valid subject, somatic or psychomotor consequences…), temporal (since the last fall, moment of the fall, objective and subjective age of the fall…) and psychic (defenses set up, reminiscence, the work of getting old…) So we specifically looked at the turning point of this event in the context of expensive treatment of conflicts emerging at that time to discover obsessive defense mechanisms and primary maternal regression. In consequence, the development of psychological and psychoanalytical reasoning on the observation of the fall of the ageing subject can only be appreciated by not « falling » in the belief of a unique link of casuality, within an indistinguishable demographic class where age would be seen as an etiological factor. The use of quantitative and qualitative analysis of the discourse gives access to postfall reactive data but also to psychic treatment methods of the conflicts and affects which emerged from this event. We combined verbal communication with the drawing technique to get an insight of the mental images set in the historical narrative of memory. The fall is then exposed as an action, to mitigate the failure of the protective shield system and the capacities of development and connection to the narcissistic injury of senescence. However, it can also be appreciated as a coming back an elaborative resumption of attachment that leads to an inevitable end. It was then that "what is called a reason for living is also an excellent reason for dying" (Albert Camus). Indeed writings on the subject of the psychological deterioration of the ageing person are mainly studied in the context of the psychopathological or deficient process of the frail person in question, hospitalized without really taking into account the individual and collective complex alterations common to the process of ageing. We therefore concentrated on the psychic process of a valid old subject in order to glean more clinical reflections on the type of anxiety and object interaction. The TAT/SAT proposed concerning our study has established the psychic constitution of an internal model of an insecure relationship of the ageing, linked with an infringing relational experience with a failing and disappointing maternal object.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:08:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_dorcas_luisa.pdf: 684812 bytes, checksum: fb633657c10eca70e4871ad990bd6cdb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-30 / Sem abstract / Este trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa qualitativa bibliográfica sobre a relação primária mãebebê, segundo os referenciais teóricos de Freud e Winnicott. O modelo narcísico freudiano da Primeira Tópica dialogará com a perspectiva relacional winnicottiana sobre a constituição do sujeito. Inicialmente serão feitas algumas considerações sobre a constituição psíquica no tempo pré-narcísico e sobre a teoria freudiana da sexualidade. Em seguida, a relação primária será estudada através da perspectiva winnicottiana do amadurecimento humano primitivo infantil, abrangendo os conceitos da transicionalidade, da ilusão e dos objetos transicionais. Conclui-se com a constatação de que há em Winnicott uma teoria do amadurecimento pessoal que engloba e ultrapassa a teoria do desenvolvimento da sexualidade de Freud

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:08:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Danielle Pitanga.pdf: 625995 bytes, checksum: 1a7c04429a5d97a466ad83358db1ea31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-14 / The scope of this research is to investigate the specific ways of getting old in the cultural context of nowadays. Taking in account that each individual gets old in an absolutely particular way, we can say that there are several forms of getting old and several kinds of old aged. The nowadays consume society, in a fast and frenetic way is marked by the culture of image. Body is super valorized and requested. Success and happiness imply in the acceptance of models printed in the narcisistic charm, beauty and youth. In the opposite side is the old age that, unavoidably, uses to prior negative attributes: decrepitude, nostalgia, degeneration, decline, obsolescence and improductivity. It is thus created a scenery that leads to the idea of rejection and fear to get old due to the myth of everlasting youth . Reflection over exacerbated narcisism and worship to the body, led me to think and question what would the position to old people be? Apparently, all leads to believe that is exactly the nowhere . The proposal is only to give a chance to these old people, i.e., give them a place , and, above all, the desire of giving them voice , by listening their speeches. To achieve this goal, six interviews were taken with old aged people of both sexes, over 60 years old, of medium class, all of them actives, keeping some kind of intellectual or physical activity. It is a theoretical-clinical research, of psychoanalytic inspiration, despite the most recent contributions of authors that deal with the matter of getting old and old aged, have importance to the discussion. The research has the character of clinical method, because the clinical fragments of some old aged attended by me in consultory and the answers were submitted to interpretation, serving them to illustrate the theory / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar os modos específicos de envelhecimento no contexto cultural contemporâneo. Levando-se em consideração que cada sujeito envelhece de modo absolutamente singular,podemos, então, dizer que existam inúmeras formas de envelhecer e de velhices. A sociedade contemporânea do consumo, de ritmo veloz e frenético, é marcada por uma cultura da imagem. O corpo é sobrevalorizado e super exigido. O êxito e a felicidade implicam na adesão a modelos calcados no encantamento narcísico, beleza e juvenilidade. No pólo oposto, está a velhice que, inevitavelmente, costuma-se caracterizar com os atributos negativos: decrepitude, nostalgia, degeneração, declínio, obsoletismo e improdutividade.Instaura-se, pois, um cenário que nos leva a pensar na idéia de rejeição e temor ao envelhecer em virtude do mito da eterna juventude . As reflexões acerca do narcisismo exacerbado e do culto ao corpo, instigaram-me a pensar e a interrogar qual seria o lugar reservado para os idosos? Ao que parece, tudo leva a crer que é exatamente o não-lugar . A proposta é tão somente dar vez a esses velhos, ou seja, reservarlhes um lugar e, sobretudo, o desejo de dar-lhes voz , mediante a escuta atenta de seus discursos. Para isso, foram realizadas 06 entrevistas com idosos de ambos os sexos, acima dos 60 anos de idade, de classe média da zona urbana da Cidade do Recife, todos ativos, mantendo algum tipo de atividade intelectual e física.Trata-se de uma pesquisa teórico-clínica, de inspiração psicanalítica, embora também tenha destacado para a discussão, as contribuições mais recentes de autores que se dedicam à temática do processo de envelhecimento e da velhice.Tem o caráter do método clínico, isto porque os fragmentos clínicos de alguns idosos por mim atendidos em consultório e os depoimentos colhidos com os entrevistados foram submetidos à interpretação, servindo, portanto, para ilustrar a teoria

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Объектом исследования явились психологическое одиночество и комплекс личностных черт «темная триада». Предметом исследования стала взаимосвязь психологического одиночества с личностными чертами «Темной триады» у женщин. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы (63 источника) и приложения, включающего в себя бланки применявшихся методик. Объем магистерской диссертации 93 страницы, на которых размещены 6 рисунков и 9 таблиц. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются основная и дополнительная гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, научная новизна, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по теме психологического одиночества и комплекса личностных черт «темной триады». Представлены разделы, посвященные исследованию подходов и типологии в изучении психологического одиночества, исследованию структурных показателей комплекса «темной триады», их взаимосвязь и специфику переживания женского одиночества. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Вторая глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования. В ней представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования и результатов, полученных по всем использованным методикам: анкете (пол, возраст, статус в браке, наличие детей, родителей, трудовая занятость), опроснику для определения вида одиночества С. Г. Корчагиной, дифференциальный опроснику переживания одиночества Е.Н. Осина и Д.А. Леонтьева, короткому опроснику темной триады в адаптации М.С. Егоровой, М.А. Ситниковой, О.В. Паршиковой. Также во второй главе представлен корреляционный и сравнительный анализ результатов исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутвм гипотезам, обоснована практическая значимость исследования и описаны возможные перспективы дальнейшей разработки данной проблематики. / The object of the study was psychological loneliness and a complex of personality traits «dark triad». The subject of the study was the relationship of psychological loneliness with the personality traits of the «Dark Triad» in women. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of references (63 sources) and an appendix, which includes forms of the methods used. The volume of the master's thesis is 93 pages, which contain 6 figures and 9 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the development of the problem, sets the goal and objectives of the study, defines the object and subject of the study, formulates the main and additional hypotheses, indicates the methods and empirical base, as well as the stages of the study, scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter includes a review of foreign and domestic literature on the topic of psychological loneliness and the complex of personality traits of the «dark triad». The sections devoted to the study of approaches and typology in the study of psychological loneliness, the study of the structural indicators of the «dark triad» complex, their relationship and the specifics of experiencing female loneliness are presented. The conclusions on the first chapter are the results of the study of theoretical material. The second chapter is devoted to the empirical part of the study. It presents a description of the organization and methods of the study and the results obtained by all the methods used: a questionnaire (sex, age, marital status, the presence of children, parents, employment), a questionnaire to determine the type of loneliness by S. G. Korchagina, a differential questionnaire feelings of loneliness E.N. Osina and D.A. Leontiev, a short questionnaire of the dark triad adapted by M.S. Egorova, M.A. Sitnikova, O.V. Parshikova. The second chapter also presents a correlation and comparative analysis of the results of the study. In conclusion, the results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work, as well as conclusions on the hypotheses put forward, are summarized, the practical significance of the study is substantiated, and possible prospects for further development of this issue are described.

Vor dem Hintergrund der Fragen, wer bereit ist eine enge Beziehung zu einer Person mit hohem Narzissmus einzugehen und wie Personen mit hohem Narzissmus ihre Freundschaften wahrnehmen, war das Ziel dieser Arbeit die wahrgenommene Beziehungsqualität in langfristigen Freundschaften in Abhängigkeit von Narzissmus zu untersuchen. In der ersten Studie wurde eine dyadische Perspektive eingenommen und beobachtet, ob sich die Qualität der Freundschaft in Abhängigkeit von dem Narzissmuslevel zweier Freunde unterscheidet. Wie angenommen, schätzten Personen in Dyaden mit höherem Narzissmus die Qualität ihrer Freundschaft geringer ein als Personen in Dyaden mit niedrigerem Narzissmus. Über alle Narzissmusaspekte hinweg wurden mehr Konflikte wahrgenommen. Dyaden mit hohem antagonistischem Narzissmus empfanden zudem weniger Wertschätzung und Intimität. Die Befunde wurden zugunsten der Annahme interpretiert, dass narzisstisches Verhalten von denjenigen toleriert wird, die selbst narzisstische Züge besitzen. In der zweiten Studie wurde eine längsschnittliche Perspektive eingenommen, um die Interaktionseffekte von Narzissmus und wahrgenommener Freundschaftsqualität in 4 Messzeitpunkten zu untersuchen. Innerhalb von Personen zeigte sich, dass diejenigen, die ihren Narzissmus niedriger als üblich einschätzten, in der Folge höhere Wertschätzung empfanden, und dass diejenigen, die eine niedrigere Wertschätzung als üblich empfanden ihr Verhalten als antagonistischer einschätzten. Die zu Beginn von Freundschaften gefundenen Effekte scheinen daher übertragbar auf die Phase der Aufrechterhaltung von Freundschaften, wobei besonders der antagonistische Narzissmus die negativen Auswirkungen von Narzissmus zu treiben scheint. Insgesamt wurde in dieser Arbeit die bisherige Forschung zu Narzissmus und sozialen Beziehungen durch die Beobachtung der Beziehungsqualität in langfristigen Freundschaften erweitert, indem sowohl eine dyadische als auch eine längsschnittliche Perspektive einbezogen wurde. / Who is willing to be in a close relationship to an individual with high narcissism, and how do individuals with high narcissism perceive their friendships? Three aspects of narcissism were distinguished (agentic, antagonistic, neurotic) to determine their association with four aspects of friendship quality (appreciation, intimacy, conflict, dominance). In the first study, a dyadic perspective was taken to observe whether friendship quality differs depending on the dyadic narcissism level of friends. As hypothesized, individuals in dyads with higher narcissism perceived their friendship quality as lower, compared to individuals in dyads with lower narcissism. More conflicts were perceived across narcissism aspects. Dyads with high antagonistic narcissism also perceived lower appreciation and intimacy. Results were interpreted in favor of the assumption that maladaptive traits are tolerated by those who possess these traits themselves. In the second study, a longitudinal perspective was taken to examine interactional effects of narcissism and friendship quality across 4 measurement occasions. On a within-person level, individuals scoring lower than usual on narcissism were found to subsequently perceive higher appreciation, and those perceiving lower appreciation than usual subsequently increased in antagonistic narcissism. Results suggested that the effects found in relationship formation tend to generalize to relationship maintenance. Overall, this work expanded previous research on narcissism and social relationships by observing relationship quality in long-term friendships including a dyadic as well as a longitudinal perspective. To answer the question of who is willing to be friends with someone high in narcissism, results suggest that it would be individuals who also score high on narcissism. In regard to the question of how individuals with high narcissism perceive their friendships it was found that they tend to be willing to accept lower friendship quality.

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