Knowledge of a species habitat-use patterns, as well as an understanding of the distribution and spatial arrangement of preferred habitat, is essential for developing comprehensive management or conservation plans. This information is absent for many species, especially so for those living or breeding in remote areas. Habitat-use models can assist in delineating specific habitat requirements or preferences of a species. When coupled with geographic information system (GIS) technology, such models are now frequently used to identify important habitats and to better define species distributions.<p> Recent and persistent warming, widespread contaminant accumulation, and intensifying land use in the arctic heighten the urgent need for better information about spatial distributions and key habitats for northern wildlife. Here, I used aerial survey and corresponding digital land cover data to investigate breeding-ground distributions and landscape-level habitat associations of greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons frontalis), small Canada geese (Branta canadensis hutchinsii), tundra swans (Cygnus columbianus), king eiders (Somateria spectabilis), and long-tailed ducks (Clangula hyemalis) in the Queen Maud Gulf Migratory Bird Sanctuary and the Rasmussen Lowlands, Nunavut, Canada.<p> First, I addressed the sensitivity of inferences about predicting waterfowl presence on the basis of the amounts and configurations of arctic habitat sampled at four scales. Detection and direction of relationships of focal species with land cover covariates often varied when land cover data were analysed at different scales. For instance, patterns of habitat use for a given species at one spatial scale may not necessarily be predicted from patterns arising from measurements taken at other scales. Thus, inference based on species-habitat patterns from some scales may lead to inaccurate depictions of how habitat influences species. Potential variation in species-environment relationships relative to spatial scale needs to be acknowledged by wildlife managers to avoid inappropriate management decisions.<p> Second, I used bird presence determined during aerial surveys and classified satellite imagery to develop species-habitat models for describing breeding-ground distributions and habitat associations of each focal species. Logistic regression models identified lowland land cover types to be particularly important for the species considered. I used the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) technique and the area under the curve (AUC) metric to evaluate the precision of models, where the AUC is equal to the probability that two randomly selected encounter and non-encounter survey segments will be discriminated as such by the model. In the Queen Maud Gulf, AUC values indicated reasonable model discrimination for white-fronted geese, Canada geese, and tundra swans (i.e, AUC > 0.7). Precision of species-habitat models for king eiders and long-tailed ducks was lower than other species considered, but predict encounters and non-encounters significantly better than the null model. For all species, precision of species-habitat models was lower in the Rasmussen Lowlands than in the Queen Maud Gulf, although discrimination ability remained significantly better than the null model for three of five species (king eider and long-tailed duck models performed no better than the null model here).<p> Finally, I simulated anticipated environmental change (i.e., climate warming) in the arctic by applying species-habitat models to manipulated land cover data, and then predicted distributional responses of focal species. All species considered in this research exhibited some association to lowland cover types; white-fronted geese, Canada geese, and tundra swans in particular demonstrated strong affinity toward these habitats. Others authors predict lowland cover types to be most affected by warming. Reductions of wet sedge, hummock, and tussock graminoid cover predicted in this simulation, predominantly along the coast of the Queen Maud Gulf study area and in central areas of the Rasmussen Lowlands, suggest that distributions of species dependant on these lowland habitats will be significantly reduced, if predictions about warming and habitat loss prove to be correct. Research presented here provides evidence that modeling of species distributions using landscape-level habitat data is a tractable method to identify habitat associations, to determine key habitats and regions, and to forecast species responses to environmental changes.

Every year, tens of thousands of patients in North America die from preventable errors. Incident learning can decrease this number, but is not currently reaching its full potential in health care. The goal of this research was to propose strategies to effectively report and learn from incidents to drive quality improvement. A detailed literature review, focus groups, in-depth interviews, and thematic analysis were used to identify potential process improvement strategies from aviation and nuclear power and assess these strategies for feasibility and desirability in health care. This work was guided by World Health Organization recommendations and Rasmussen’s risk management framework. An extensive list of strategies to address existing shortcomings was ultimately proposed for consideration in health care. These strategies can serve as guidelines to proactively improve incident learning processes. This should help create more effective systems and in turn, improve patient safety.

Every year, tens of thousands of patients in North America die from preventable errors. Incident learning can decrease this number, but is not currently reaching its full potential in health care. The goal of this research was to propose strategies to effectively report and learn from incidents to drive quality improvement. A detailed literature review, focus groups, in-depth interviews, and thematic analysis were used to identify potential process improvement strategies from aviation and nuclear power and assess these strategies for feasibility and desirability in health care. This work was guided by World Health Organization recommendations and Rasmussen’s risk management framework. An extensive list of strategies to address existing shortcomings was ultimately proposed for consideration in health care. These strategies can serve as guidelines to proactively improve incident learning processes. This should help create more effective systems and in turn, improve patient safety.

Das schreibende Ich prägt formal wie thematisch die literarische Entwicklung der letzten Jahre. Seit der Jahrtausendwende hat die Produktion autobiographischer und autofiktionaler Literatur insbesondere auf dem skandinavischen Buchmarkt erheblich zugenommen. Obwohl (noch) kein kritischer Konsens besteht, was der Begriff Autofiktion genau bezeichnet, ist das Changieren zwischen Fakt und Fiktion im autobiographischen Schreiben zu einer der beliebtesten literarischen Strategien im zeitgenössischen Erzählen avanciert. Die literaturwissenschaftliche Forschung zur Autofiktion ist im Zuge dessen auf diesen Trend aufgesprungen und insbesondere nach der Veröffentlichung von Karl Ove Knausgårds Romanprojekt Min kamp (2009–2011) sind die literaturwissenschaftlichen Diskussionen zu Autofiktion und literarischer Selbstdarstellung in Skandinavien deutlich angestiegen. Die literaturwissenschaftlichen Beiträge kreisen im weiteren Sinne um die dichotomischen Beziehungen von Fakt vs. Fiktion, Roman vs. Autobiographie sowie um die Inszenierung der Autor*innen in der literarischen Öffentlichkeit. Dabei ist autofiktionales Schreiben als konkrete erzählerische Praxis betrachtet in den Hintergrund gerückt, weshalb in dieser Arbeit der Versuch gemacht wird, die Fragen nach den literarischen Verfahren innerhalb dieser Texte in den Vordergrund zu stellen. Mit Ausgangspunkt in Texten von August Strindberg, Maja Lundgren, Karl Ove Knausgaard und Björn Rasmussen wird in dieser Arbeit Spezifika einer autofiktionalen Erzählpraxis herausgearbeitet, in welcher die Autorin oder der Autor in erster Linie einen narrativen Autoritätsanspruch über ihren bzw. seinen autobiographischen Text erhebt und hierdurch in der Bestrebung, die autobiographische Wirklichkeit zu schreiben, die Grenze zwischen Wirklichkeit und Literatur und somit zwischen Leben und Text transzendiert / Since the turn of the Millennium there has been a remarkable increase in the production of autobiographical and autofictional literature in Scandinavia. While there is (still) no critical consensus to what the term autofiction precisely designates, the oscillation between fact and fiction in autobiographical writings has emerged as one of the most favoured literary strategies when it comes to negotiating, (re)-constructing, and staging identity and individuality. The academic discussions about autofiction and autofictional writing in Scandinavia are mostly concerned with the opposed relations of fact/fiction, true/false, and novel/autobiography or with the mediatised performativity of the author in the public sphere. In this respect, the specific narrative practices of autofictional writing have taken a back seat in the academic exploration of autofiction. In this thesis it is examined how autofictional writing in selected novels by August Strindberg, Maja Lundgren, Karl Ove Knausgaard and Björn Rasmussen is being set forth within the narration of the text, a thus far unexplored research field. The analysis of the position of the author in his or her text enables us to see that the interplay of fact and fiction in the autobiographical text is predominantly conveyed by narrative strategies. The narrative presence of the author in the text entails specific self-reflexive practices, which can be identified through an increased use of narrative transgressions of the extradiegetic and diegetic discourses that allow the actual author of the text to slip into his narration. The narrative roaming between the reality of the author and the narration that he is producing is used as a means of taking over the authority of the individual life story and to write autobiographical on own subjective and aesthetic terms.

Studien undersöker, kartlägger och synliggör hur erfarenheter av psykisk sjukdom gestaltas och kommuniceras litterärt i tre samtida, nordiska verk: En dåre fri (2010) av Beate Grimsrud, Nonsensprinsessans dagbok: en sjukskriving (2018) av Isabella Nilsson och Jag är gråvit (2018) av Bjørn Rasmussen. Syftet är att synliggöra och fördjupa förståelsen för hur erfarenheter som tycks ifrågasätta språkets gränser kan formuleras och gestaltas litterärt. Med hjälp och mot bakgrund av Michel Foucaults begrepp gränserfarenhet diskuteras relationen mellan språk, gränser och sjukdom. Begreppet, som Foucault definierade som en intensiv erfarenhet som för individen till den yttersta gränsen av både liv och språk, lyfter flera perspektiv som är relevanta för uppsatsen. Utöver användandet av gränserfarenheten i uppsatsen aktualiseras flera teorier som sträcker sig utanför det litteraturvetenskapliga fältet och är anknutna till medicin, språk och sjukvård.   Studien har identifierat ett antal litterära tekniker som visat både sjukdomens konsekvenser och begränsningar – samtidigt som de också blivit en metod att skriva sig ur och bort ifrån dessa. Teknikerna har också visat sig omförhandla flera gränser och därmed upplöst motsättningar mellan exempelvis det friska och sjuka, allvar och komik, styrka och skörhet samt verklighet och fiktion. Studien har visat hur exempelvis användandet av motsatspar, kroppslig metaforik, färgkodssystem, ironi och komik, genrebrott och omskrivningar av existerande uttryck utgör litterära strategier för att framställa och omförhandla tillståndet av psykisk sjukdom. Användandet av den medicinska journalen i en skönlitterär kontext har konstaterats fungera som en litterär teknik för att framställa tystnad och förnekande något som flera teoretiker inom området betonar vara avgörande i framställningen av vansinne. Även skönlitterärt och fiktivt skrivande, oavsett självupplevt eller inte, har visat sig vara ett viktigt tillvägagångssätt för att närma sig en formulering av gränserfarenheten. Begreppet gränserfarenhet har fungerat som ett vitalt begrepp för att närma sig dessa texter. Samtidigt har flera av de litterära tekniker som identifierats tillfört insikt till gränserfarenheten som begrepp då det präglas av paradoxala och mångsidiga aspekter. I synnerhet har det bidragit med att uppmärksamma hur ett ”både-och” tillåts samexistera i såväl litterär gestaltning som i sjukdomserfarenhet vilket i sin tur nyanserat bilden av sjukdomen som formulerbar och formbar.

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:51:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lara.pdf: 763931 bytes, checksum: ad900beabace23b47c5373832696ac94 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research proposes a study about the intersection between personal life and professional life in the work of the Odin Teatret actresses, Else Marie Laukvik, Iben Nagel Rasmussen, Julia Varley and Roberta Carreri. Were raised during the trajectory of each of the four actresses, moments where interference of personal life in professional life culminated in the creation of new methods of creation and training. One of the axes of this study was to think that the new methods created by the four actresses would allow to locate the space within each group and to identify different ways to practice understanding of the theater. Through analysis of the space established by every actress in the group, discusses gender relations involving these actresses do theater. Purpose of this study was also to bring to public the research of the actresses in an attempt to analyze his work to bring up discussions on the presence of women in theater history / Esta pesquisa propõe um estudo sobre intersecções entre vida pessoal e vida profissional no trabalho das atrizes do Odin Teatret, Else Marie Laukvik, Iben Nagel Rasmussen, Roberta Carreri e Julia Varley. Foram levantados durante a trajetória de cada uma das quatro atrizes, momentos onde interferências da vida pessoal na vida profissional culminaram na criação de novas metodologias de criação e treinamento. Um dos eixos deste estudo foi pensar que as novas metodologias de criadas pelas quatro atrizes possibilitariam localizar o espaço de cada uma delas dentro do grupo bem como identificar diferentes maneiras de compreensão da prática teatral. Através da análise do espaço estabelecido por cada uma das atrizes no grupo, discute relações de gênero que envolvem o fazer teatral destas atrizes. Também foi propósito deste trabalho trazer à público a pesquisa das atrizes do grupo, numa tentativa de analisando seu trabalho trazer à tona discussões sobre a presença das mulheres na história do teatro

Στη παρούσα εργασία περιλαμβάνονται 4 ενότητες. Στην πρώτη ενότητα εισάγεται το θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο του προβλήματος που εξετάζεται, η περιγραφή του πίνακα εισροών-εκροών κατά Leontief, η μεθοδολογία της μήτρας των τεχνολογικών συντελεστών και της αντίστροφης μήτρας του Leontif. Στην δεύτερη ενότητα γίνεται μια εισαγωγή στους κλάδους κλειδιά και στους δείκτες οριζόντιων και κάθετων διασυνδέσεων. Επίσης παρουσιάζονται οι δείκτες chenery-watanabe, rasmussen, cuello et al (a) και cuello et al (b) και επιχειρείται μία αξιολόγηση-κριτική τους. Στην τρίτη ενότητα εξηγείται η διαδικασία συλλογής των δεδομένων και η συγκρότηση του πίνακα εισροών-εκροών(OECD). Επίσης παρουσιάζεται η ανάλυση των δεδομένων για τους δείκτες chenery-watanabe, rasmussen, cuello et al (a) και cuello et al (b) καθώς και η μεταξύ τους σύγκριση ως προς τους κλάδους κλειδιά. Τέλος, στην τέταρτη ενότητα παρουσιάζονται και αξιολογούνται τα συμπεράσματα της εργασίας. Οι δείκτες είναι ο λόγος του μέσου πολλαπλασιαστή της γραμμής (οριζόντιες διασυνδέσεις)-στήλης (κάθετες διασυνδέσεις) προς τον μέσο πολλαπλασιαστή του πίνακα. Ως κλάδοι-κλειδιά ορίζονται αυτοί όπου οι δείκτες των οριζόντιων και κάθετων διασυνδέων έχουν τιμές πάνω από την μονάδα. Ως κλάδοι κλειδιά με βάση την ανάλυση δεδομένων των μη σταθμισμένων δεικτών ορίζονται οι κλάδοι 7, 8, 9, 13, 18 και οι κλάδοι 11 (chenery-watanabe) και 15(rasmussen) ενώ με βάση την ανάλυση σταθμισμένων δεικτών είναι οι κλάδοι 1, 4, 5, 9, 30, 31, 32, 39, 44, 46 και 45 (cuello et al (a))και 13, 38 (cuello et al (b)).Στην συνέχεια γίνεται μία σύγκριση στα αποτελέσματα μεταξυ των σταθμισμένων και μη σταθμισμένων δεικτών στους κλάδους κλειδια με βάση ομοιότητες και διαφορές στις οριζόντιες και κάθετες διασυνδέσεις τους και εξάγονται συμπεράσματα. / The present paper includes 4 parts.The first part includes the theoritical background of the problem to be examined, the description of the input-output table by Leontief, the methodology of the technical coefficients matrix and the inverse Leontief matrix. In the second part is presented an introduction to the Key sectors and into the indices of forward and backward linkages. Moreover the Chenery-Watanabe, Rasmussen, Cuello et al (a) and Cuello et al (b) are presented and their evaluation and assessment is attempted. In the third part the procedure of the data collection is explained as well as the creation of the imput-output matrix (OECD). The analysis of the data coming from the indices chenery-watanabe, rasmussen, cuello et al (a) and cuello et al (b)is illustrated as well as their among comparison concerning the Key sectors. Finally in the fourth part the conclusions of the project are presented. The indices are a ratio of the average multiplier of the row(forward linkages)-colums (backward linkages) divided to the average multiplier of the table. The Key sectors are those whose indices which refer to the forward and backward linkages have result over the unit. As key sectors according to chenery-watanabe and rasmussen are the sectors 7, 8, 9, 13, 18 and the sector 11 (chenery-watanabe) and 15 (rasmussen)while according to the cuello at al (a) and cuello et al (b) are the sectors 1, 4, 5, 9, 30, 31, 32, 39, 44, 46 and 45 (cuello et al (a) and 13, 38 (cuello et al (b)). A comparison concerning the results among the indices, specially for key sectors is attempted, according to simmilarities and differances of the forward and backward linkages.

:Einleitung S. 85 Internationale Industriekooperation als Marktoffensive S. 86 Montageproduktion auf Manufakturniveau S. 88 Technologietransfer und Finanzjonglage S. 92 Industriekooperation als Fehlinvestition S. 97 Zusammenfassung S. 99

No description available.