Orientador: Alexandre Janotta Drigo / Resumo: A proporção da população mundial com 60 anos ou mais está aumentando rapidamente. No entanto, vidas mais longas não significam necessariamente vidas mais saudáveis. Assim, faz-se necessário um maior conhecimento sobre como promover saúde. De que forma a Educação Física (EF) pode contribuir e responder a essa situação? Está bem estabelecido na literatura como o exercício previne doenças crônicas. No entanto, falta conhecimento sobre como a EF pode contribuir para a promoção da saúde. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo foi delineado para abordar o tópico de como os profissionais de EF poderiam ajudar idosos a desenvolver sua saúde e vivenciar positivamente o envelhecimento. O objetivo foi investigar as práticas adotadas por profissionais de EF para oferecer práticas corporais para idosos em situações de desvantagem em programas de promoção da saúde e entender os processos de desenvolvimento de saúde que os idosos experimentaram e perceberam como relacionados à sua participação nas práticas corporais. O estudo se fundamentou na salutogênese, uma teoria para a promoção da saúde proposta pelo sociólogo Aaron Antonovsky. Juntamente com essa perspectiva teórica, a investigação se baseou nas noções de práticas corporais e pedagogia. O estudo foi conduzido por meio da abordagem qualitativa e do método da teoria fundamentada nos dados. A amostragem teórica norteou a inclusão de quatro programas de promoção da saúde, localizados nas regiões sudeste e sul do Brasil. Participaram seis prof... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: It is well known that the world population aged 60 or older is rapidly growing. However, longer lives do not mean necessarily healthier lives. Thus, further knowledge about how to promote health has been required. How physical education can contribute and respond to this situation? It is well established in the literature how exercise prevents chronic diseases. Nevertheless, knowledge about the ways physical education might contribute to health promotion is lacking. In this context, the present study was designed to address the topic of how Health-Physical Education (HPE) professionals might help older adults to develop their health and experience ageing positively. The aim was to investigate the practices adopted by HPE professionals to deliver bodily practices for disadvantaged older adults in healthpromoting programmes, and to understand what health development processes the older adults experienced and perceived as related to their participation in bodily practices. The study was informed by salutogenesis, a theory for health promotion proposed by the sociologist Aaron Antonovsky. Alongside this theoretical perspective, the investigation drew on the notions of bodily practices and pedagogy. The study was conducted with a qualitative approach and a grounded theory research design. Theoretical sampling guided the inclusion of four health-promoting programmes, located in the southeast and south regions of Brazil. Participants were six HPE professionals, three health centres´... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

The purpose of this master thesis is to investigate how people who work with bibliotherapy view the method itself and if it may enhance mental health and well-being. The study also wants to investigate what possible disadvantages that the practitioners consider with the method. To investigate this, semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve persons who in some capacity work with bibliotherapy in Sweden. The interviews took place during March of 2020. The result of the study suggest that bibliotherapy can be an effective method of promoting mental health and well-being. Bibliotherapy is consistently described in the interviews as a kind of coping strategy and an undemanding activity that the participant performs on the basis of their own conditions. Literature is described to have a therapeutic property which can give us insights and understanding of our own life situation and a sense of coherence. The term bibliotherapy is described as broad and difficult to define. There is a common desire by the interviewees to continue working with bibliotherapy to a greater extent than today and several participants highlights the importance of more clinical studies on the method.

Vi har valt att titta på den fysiska aktivitet som räknas till den friskvård som arbetsplatsen erbjuder. Det handlar om att hjälpa sina medarbetare till en god personlig hälsa, samtidigt som arbetsgivaren själv vinner på hälsosamma medarbetare. Studiens hälsopedagogiska idé innebar att belysa vad som möjliggör till fysisk aktivitet och hur arbetsplatsen kan bidra till personlig utveckling gällande den fysiska hälsan. Syftet med studien var att belysa hur medarbetare och arbetsgivare beskriver aspekter som påverkar möjligheten till att utföra fysisk aktivitet i arbetsgivarens regi. För att analysera och tolka studien har vi använt oss av en teori och ett perspektiv, Bronfenbrenners utvecklingsekologiska modell och ett salutogent perspektiv. Studien utgick från en kvalitativ ansats där enskilda intervjuer använts som datainsamlingsmetod. Urvalet bestod av åtta respondenter varav fyra var arbetsgivare och fyra var medarbetare. Studien kunde av resultatet konstatera att det är viktigt för arbetsgivaren att involvera medarbetarna i det utbud som erbjuds för att så många som möjligt ska nyttja friskvården på företaget. Det är även viktigt för arbetsgivaren att ta tillvara på den sociala tillhörigheten som uttalats vara en stor motiverande faktor och bibehålla denne som en positiv aspekt i medarbetarnas vardag. / In this study, we have chosen to look at the physical activity that counts as the wellness that the workplace offers. It is about helping your employees to good personal health, at the same time as the employer itself benefits from healthy employees. The study's health pedagogical idea meant to shed light on what enables physical activity and how the workplace can contribute to personal development regarding physical health. The purpose of the study was to shed light on how employees and employers describe aspects that affect the possibility of performing physical activity under the auspices of the employer. To analyze and interpret the study, we have used a theory and a perspective, Bronfenbrenner's developmental ecological model and a salutogenic perspective. The study was based on a qualitative approach where individual interviews were used as a data collection method. The sample consisted of eight respondents, four of whom were employers and four were employees. The study was able to establish from the results that it is important for the employer to involve the employees in the range offered so that as many as possible will use the wellness at the company. It is also important for the employer to take advantage of the social affiliation that has been stated to be a major motivating factor and maintain it as a positive aspect in the employees' everyday lives.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka synen på kroppsideal i relation till ätstörningsproblematik hos mellanstadieelever utifrån en skolkurators perspektiv. Intervjuer genomfördes med sex skolkuratorer i Gävleborgs län och analyserades sedan utifrån tematisk analys, genom ett salutogent perspektiv och empowerment. Resultatet visade att sociala medier pekades ut som en betydande påverkansfaktor i elevernas syn på kroppsideal och utseende. Kopplingen mellan utvecklandet av ätstörningsproblematik och elevernas syn på kroppsideal var inte tydlig utan andra faktorer pekades ut, kroppsideal kunde dock ses som bidragande faktor. Erfarenheterna av att möta ätstörningsproblematik bland eleverna skilde sig åt mellan skolkuratorerna. Hälsofrämjande arbete i skolan visade sig vara en väsentlig del i skolkuratorernas arbete och något som ansågs bidra till främjandet av god självkänsla samt acceptans av sig själv och andra hos eleverna.

Introduktion: Psykisk ohälsa har ökat i omfattning och är en global hälsoutmaning. I Sverige skattar unga sin hälsa som god men 54 procent anger att de lider av olika psykiska besvär. Tidigare studier har visat på en korrelation mellan psykisk ohälsa och hög användning av sociala medier. Studierna har oftast riktat in sig på en specifik aspekt men inget egentligt stöd för kausalitet har observerats. Tekniken är här för att stanna och det är därför viktigt att undersöka de hälsofrämjande möjligheterna, inte endast de eventuella negativa korrelationerna. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka på vilka sätt sociala medier kan användas hälsofrämjande för psykisk hälsa, för barn och unga i åldrarna 10–24 år. Metod: En strukturerad litteraturstudie genomfördes på 21 vetenskapliga artiklar inhämtade från databaserna PubMed, CINAHL samt Medline Ebsco. Artiklarna analyserades med en tematisk analys. Resultat: Fem teman med hälsofrämjande samt salutogen effekt på psykisk hälsa samt två teman med tänkbara hinder identifierades och sorterades in i tre kategorier. Teman var stöd, kunskapsutveckling, tillgänglighet, integritet, ändamålsanpassat innehåll, beroendeframkallande och triggande innehåll. Slutsats: Resultaten visar på att användning av sociala medier i hälsofrämjande arbete kan ha god effekt. Att verka på digitala plattformar där unga själva befinner sig är ett kostnadseffektivt samt hälsofrämjande sätt för att minska den psykiska ohälsan. Dock är forskningen inom området begränsad och fler studier med salutogent perspektiv behövs för att kunna tillgodogöra sig teknikens möjligheter. / Introduction: Mental illness has increased in prevalence and is a global health challenge. In Sweden, young people rate their health as good, but 54 percent state that they suffer from various mental disorders. Various studies have shown a correlation between mental illness and high use of social media. These studies usually focus on a specific aspect, but no real support for causality has been observed. The technology is here to stay, and healthpromoting opportunities should be explored more than only the possible negative correlation. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the ways in which social media can be used to promote mental health wellbeing, for children and young people aged 10–24. Method: A structured literature study was conducted on 21 scientific articles obtained from the databases PubMed, CINAHL and Medline Ebsco. The articles were analysed using a thematic analysis. Results: Five themes with health-promoting and salutogenic effects on mental health and two themes with possible barriers were identified and sorted into three categories. Themes were support, increased knowledge, accessibility, integrity, purposeful content, addictive and triggering content. Conclusion: The results show that the use of social media in health promotion can have a good effect. By working on digital platforms where young people frequently are active, is a cost-effective and healthpromoting way to reduce mental illness. However, there is too little research in the field and more studies with a salutogenic perspective are needed in order to be able to take advantage of the possibilities of the technology.

Studien ämnar undersöka hur lärare beskriver sin arbetssituation och vad som motiverar dem att stanna i professionen. Studien syftar också till att undersöka hur lärarna själva beskriver eventuella problem i sitt arbete och hur de hanterar dessa problem. Detta görs med stöd av en salutogen ansats och följande frågeställningar: - Vad skapar meningsfullhet för lärare?  - Vad skapar hanterbarhet för lärare? - Hur beskriver lärare begriplighet kopplat till läraryrket?  Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och genomfördes med semistrukturerade intervjuer, dessa genomfördes med sex stycken lärare. Datan analyserades därefter med en tematisk textanalys. Det teoretiska ramverket för studien var den salutogena teorin av Aaron Antonovsky. De viktigaste resultaten i studien är att respondenterna uttrycker att elevmötet är centralt för den inre motivationen, denna motivation leder till att respondenterna vill utveckla en förståelse för elevernas och den egna situationen. Förståelsen för eleverna och den egna situationen leder till att respondenterna skapar strategier för att hantera olika scenarion och stress inom skolmiljön. Våra slutsatser är att det är lärarnas motivation, både inre- och yttre motivation, denna motivation styr hur mycket energi de orkar lägga ner på att förstå sig på sin arbetssituation och sina elever. Förståelsen för den egna arbetssituationen och sina elever leder till att lärarna med tiden utvecklar verktyg för att hantera sin vardag som lärare och väljer därför att fortsätta som lärare. / This study is aiming to inquire how teachers describe their work situation and what motivates them to stay in the profession. The study also aims to inquire how the teachers themselves describe possible issues in their everyday work and how they handle those problems This was to be done by answering the following research questions: - What creates meaningfulness for teachers? - What creates manageability for teachers? - How does teachers describe comprehensibility regarding the teacher profession? The study has a qualitative methodological approach, and the data was collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with six different teachers. The data was then analysed by using a thematic text analysis. The theoretical framework for this study was the Salutogenic theory by Aaron Antonovsky.  Our most important findings in the study were that our respondents express that the student meeting is central for their internal-motivation. This motivation leads them to want to develop an understanding for their students and their own work situation. This understanding in turn leads the respondents to develop functional strategies for dealing with different scenarios and stress in the school environment. The conclusions of this study were that it seems as if it is the teacher’s motivation, both internal and external motivation, that dictates how much energy the teacher find it worth putting into understanding their own work situation and their students. This understanding leads to the teachers with time develop tools to handle their everyday life as a teacher and they therefore choose to stay in the profession.

The purpose of this qualitative study is to investigate and analyze how care managers experience working with suicide prevention with the elderly. The study explores identified potential factors of success and perceived obstacles in the care managers current manner of operations. Additionally, the interviewees have suggested various ways on how to improve their current working methods. The data was collected by interviewing ten care managers and later analyzed by means of thematic analysis and applying Antonovsky’s salutogenic approach to wellness. This theoretical framework suggests the importance of an individuals’ ‘sense of coherence’ (SOC) for handling the hardships of life. Antonovsky suggests that the receivers of care can get their SOC strengthened by a professional. The interviewees of this study report the importance of developing a working alliance between the care manager and the receiver of care. They also highlight a lack of knowledge and the need of further training. Additionally, the results suggest that professionals in the field of elderly care can, and should, cooperate interprofessionally to counteract the elderly care’s focus on physical health over the mental. Our findings also suggest that inclusion of professionals with hands-on experience could be helpful when developing new strategies or policies.

The primary aim of this research was to determine whether there is a relation between locus of control, transformational leadership and management success. One hundred and one shift overseers completed selfevaluation questionnaires on locus of control and transformational leadership. Thereafter, in turn, the managers completed evaluation questionnaires on the work performance of the shift overseers. The Pearson correlation coefficient showed statistically significant interrelations between internal locus of control, autonomy and transformational leadership. The three scales of management success also showed a strong positive correlation. Canonical correlations indicated that only one variant could be interpreted and that high internal control and high autonomy are associated with high transformational leadership and laissez faire leadership style. According to the literature overview, a positive relation exists between internal locus of control, transformational leadership and management success as well as organisational performance. An attempt is made to account for these diverse findings in terms of the relevance of a performance model within an organisational context. / Die primere doel van hierdie navorsingstudie was om te bepaalof daar 'n verband is tussen lokus van beheer, transformasionele leierskap en bestuursukses. Eenhonderd en een skoftoesighouers het selfbeoordelings-vraelyste oor lokus van beheer en transformasionele leierskap voltooi. Daarna het die bestuurders beoordelingsvraelyste oor die skoftoesighouers se werksprestasie voltooi. Die Pearson korrelasietoets het getoon dat daar statisties beduidende verbande is tussen interne lokus van beheer, outonomie en transformasionele leierskap. Die drie skate van bestuursukses het onderling sterk positief gekorrelleer. Kanoniese korrelasies het aangedui dat slegs een variaat interpreteer kan word en dat hoe interne beheer en hoe outonomie geassosieer is met hoe transformasionele leierskap en lae laissez faire-leierskapstyl. Die literatuurstudie het getoon dat daar 'n positiewe verband is tussen interne lokus van beheer, transformasionele leierskap en bestuursukses asook organisasie-prestasie. Verklarings vir hierdie teenstellende bevindings word gegee aan die hand van die relevansie van 'n prestasiemodel binne 'n organisasiekonteks. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

This study provides an orientation towards coping with stress management through salutogenic functioning. Six constructs, namely, sense of coherence, hardiness, self-efficacy, potency, learned resourcefulness and locus of control, were studied as it manifest amongst random sampled university administrative staff. The literature review focused on salutogenic functioning, coping and stress, integrated in the salutogenic personality profile. The results from the research revealed positive correlations between external locus of control and self-efficacy and meaningfulness, autonomy and self control, internal locus of control and meaningfulness, internal locus of control and meaningfulness, challenge and meaningfulness. Negative correlations existed between autonomy and self-efficacy and comprehensibility, potency and all locus of control dimensions, males and females differed in their self control and external control, black africans had the lowest score on external control, and there was no relationship between age and the constructs. Conclusions and recommendations were made regarding the optimisation of salutogenic functioning among university administrative staff. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

Female academics in higher education institutions face numerous challenges in the continuously ch~nging landscape of South African Higher Education. Numerous mergers between different institutions, increasing job demands, ever increasing class sizes and the unique demands of role conflict, inherent to the female role, contribute to the manifestation of stress and burnout (80) in this population group. The research is conducted from a salutogenic paradigm, seeking to find ways of avoiding the negative consequences of 80 and contributing towards the positive experience of Work Engagement (WE) for the female academic. The research also explores the effect of the individual academics' Sense of Cohrence (SOC) on the experience of BO and WE. The research is quantitative in nature. A psychometric instrument was sent to all the permanently employed female academics employed by Unisa and TUT, measuring their levels of 80, WE and SOC. The completed questionnaires were statisticaily analysed. The findings included average levels of 80, with definite signs that the experience of 80 is on the increase. The Cy sub-dimension of BO showed increased levels. The WE scores of the female academics were just above average. The SOC scores of the female academics were low. The main recommendations were that University management need to take cognisance of the symptoms of BO that are present in this population. Strategies need to be put in place to address these issues and the experience of WE need to be treasured and grown through definite actions from Management. Female academics also need to take personal responsibility for their own wellness and act on the initial signs of 80, rather than dismissing it as mere tiredness or lack of energy. There are also a number of recommendations on actions to be taken to experience WE in the academic work that the population undertake on a daily basis / Industrial & Organizational Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Industrial & Organizational psychology)