Detta arbete syftar till att bidra med kunskap om undervisning i kontroversiella frågor på skolor med en hög andel elever med utländsk bakgrund. Mer precist syftar arbetet till att synliggöra hur och varför lärarna låter kontroversiella frågor utgöra en del av undervisningen samt hur lärarna beskriver sin roll i undervisningssituationen och varför de väljer att göra på så sätt. För att svara på detta görs intervjuer med sex högstadielärare i de samhällsorienterade ämnena. Två utgångspunkter för undersökningen är att olika frågor upplevs som kontroversiella baserat på individens kultur, tro och identitet samt att lärarnas didaktiska överväganden påverkas av elevgruppens bakgrund och situation. Två analysverktyg nyttjas i syfte att sortera in lärarnas svar i olika kategorier där deras didaktiska överväganden behandlas. Resultatet pekar resultatet på att det inte finns någon generell preferens bland lärarna på dessa skolor att anta ett särskilt förhållningssätt till undervisning i kontroversiella frågor men att samtliga lärare delvis utgår från elevernas bakgrund i deras didaktiska överväganden kring undervisning i kontroversiella frågor. / This paper aims to contribute with knowledge about teaching controversial issues in schools with students of foreign background. Concretely the aim is to showcase how and why teachers teach controversial issues aswell as how and why teachers teach in a specific way when they teach controversial issues in the classroom. To answer this six interviews with secondary school teachers in the subjects of social studies, religion, history and geography is carried out. The premiss in this paper is that different issues are considerd controversial by individuals of different age, culture, faith, and identity, and also that teachers make different considerations in their teaching based on the students background and situation. Two analytical tools are used to sort different answers in to categories where the teachers considerations are brought up. The result of the study shows that there are no clear preferences among the teachers as to how controversial issues should be handled. However, the reslut also shows that all teachers base many of their considerations on the students background and situation and there are some preferences as to why controversial issues should be handled.

Den nuvarande studiens syfte var att undersöka om etnisk kontakt och etniska fördomar sammanhänger med att utsätta andra för eller själv bli utsatt för så kallad etnisk mobbning. Vidare undersökte studien om det förelåg någon skillnad mellan elever med utländsk bakgrund och elever med italiensk bakgrund när det gäller att utföra och bli utsatta för mobbning generellt och specifikt för etnisk mobbning. Ålder och kön inkluderades även i studien som kontrollvariabler. Deltagarna bestod av elever mellan 14–21 år, 17 klasser med 239 elever. Av dessa kategoriserades 160 som italienare (67 %) och 79 som utländska elever (33 %), minst en förälder var utrikesfödd. Självskattningsformulär användes för att mäta (etnisk kontakt, mobbning/och viktimisering, rasistisk mobbning/och viktimisering, interetnisk mobbning/och viktimisering samt etniska fördomar). Rasistisk mobbning tillsammans med interetnisk mobbning bildade begreppet som i studien kallas för etnisk mobbning. Resultaten visade att medan elever med utländsk bakgrund i högre grad än elever med italiensk bakgrund var utsatta för rasistisk och interetnisk mobbning (men inte för generell mobbning), var manliga elever i högre grad än kvinnliga elever engagerade i generell, rasistisk och interetnisk mobbning. Enligt regressionsanalyserna var såväl kön som etniska fördomar associerade med både rasistisk mobbning och interetnisk mobbning hos eleverna med italiensk bakgrund medan endast kön kunde associeras med dessa former av etnisk mobbning bland eleverna med utländsk bakgrund. De uppföljande mediationsanalyserna med eleverna med italiensk bakgrund visade att etnisk kontakt tillsammans med etniska fördomar kunde associeras med såväl rasistisk mobbning som interetnisk mobbning. Möjliga förklaringar till resultaten och vidare forskning diskuteras.

<p><strong><p>Ringdansens bostadsområde som är del av Hyresbostäder i Norrköping miljöanpassades under slutet av 1990-talet. Sopstationer med fraktioner för olika avfall infördes. För många hushåll har detta system inneburit problem. Hyresbostäder vill försöka åtgärdaproblemen genom att göra bättre och tydligare information i soprummen.</p><p>Genom intervjustudier undersöks hushållens önskemål och klagomål på det nuvarande systemet, den egna hanteringen av sopor samt motivationen bakom deras handlande. Resultaten visar atthushållen efterfrågar bättre och tydligare information. Vissa av soprummen upplevs som skräpiga och ofräscha. Hushållen sorterar mestadels av pliktkänsla samt av ekonomiska och miljömässiga orsaker.</p></strong></p>

<p>The aim of this paper is to examine how young men of foreign background are pictured in the realistic adolescence novels of 2009. In my process of work I have used a classical schedule for literature analysis from which I have worked out a few questions to use on my texts. The questions are related to the main characters and some of the most important minor characters – all are young men with foreign background – and focuses on aspects of for example where they live, who their friends are and what they think about and dream of.</p><p>To put these pictures into a wider perspective I compare my results with the well known stereotype picturing of men with foreign background in media. I then discuss how or if this affects the young men’s picture of themselves and the majority society’s picture of them. Another part of my discussion is how school can provide good role models for their students and how and if we can work with these stereotypes. To relate to young men with foreign background I have used two culture studies.</p><p>The result of my analysis shows that the picturing of young men with foreign background tends to be stiff and static and closely stereotype. My conclusion is therefore that the picturing of young men with foreign background in the realistic adolescence novels of 2009 is familiar to the ones we can see in media. And from looking at the two culture studies I used, I can see that the stereotype pictures tend to affect how these young men picture themselves and also how the majority society pictures them. This can in the long run be dreadful for the self-image of these young men.</p>

Numerous studies raise the topic of highly educated immigrants whose education and list of qualifications devalue in the context of the Swedish labour market. However, little is known of those with foreign background who enter into higher education in Sweden. Our study attempts to shed some light onto the value of higher education relative to that of a person’s ethnic background. The background material features nine in-depth interviews of foreign background academics, as well as data extracted from an extensive survey study previously carried out at Växjö University.  Initially, the quantitative data showed that students with foreign background, including Swedish-born children of immigrants, had not managed to find qualified work upon completion of studies to the same extent as their Swedish background counterparts. The individual stories given in interviews support the assumption that social capital, in the form of access to networks or membership thereof, may decide the physical location of individual careers. Those who stayed in the region were either brought up locally or had established themselves through work practice. In some respects, those who left can be considered outsiders, whose chances of finding work largely depended on their establishing themselves elsewhere. Some had managed to find qualified work beyond their own acquaintances, but only through a long period of unemployment or doing unqualified work. When it comes to the ethnic backgrounds of the interviewed, positive and negative aspects were brought up by some, while others did not consider it relevant with respect to their own careers. However, their stories provide examples of how ethnicity works as a deciding factor on the labour market in much the same way as, for instance, class and gender. In turn, this is an indication of underlying mechanisms on the labour market that rest on social ties.

The purpose of this study is to examine how school meals are organized in a selection of Stockholm's secondary schools and to examine the relationship between school meals and the different parameters that indicate each school's symbolic capital and educational capital. By looking at the statistics from each school on the basis of the final grade average, percentage of pupils with foreign background and gender, I examine whether it is possible to see a relationship between how schools organize meals and which pupils attend the school.  In my study, I systematically went through each school's website and tried to identify how school meals at each school are organized. To increase the validity of the study, I have also conducted a questionnaire survey by mail addressed to school principals.   In order to analyse and understand my results and put them in relation to my current knowledge about the schools in my sample, I am using Bourdieu's theoretical tools that a given aid, both in methodological and analytical purpose. Based on Bourdieu's theories of symbolic capital, cultural capital and educational capital, I can understand and analyse school meals are organized and focused as part of schools' symbolic assets in competition with other schools.   The first part of the study shows that there are four different organizational models for school meals, fully equipped kitchen and canteen, heating kitchen and canteen, school meals in restaurants and school meal card.    In the second part, I have examined the relationship between the type of organization for school meals used and the symbolic resources available at the school. I can conclude from the results that it is difficult to find a correlation between the symbolic resources and the different categories. But even though it is not possible to see all the schools' symbolic assets equally clear, there are still some very telling examples. In many ways, these examples can be seen as polar opposites to each other based on Mikael Palme’s concepts ”goal rational” and ”education oriented” schools.

<p>Sverige har traditionellt sett haft en negativ inställning till erkännande och verkställighet av utländska domar. Enligt 3 kap 2 § utsökningsbalken krävs stöd i lag för erkännande och verkställighet av en utländsk dom i Sverige.</p><p>Sedan Sveriges inträde i EU, och Bryssel I-förordningens införande, har synen på domar som härrör från medlemstater inom EU förändrats. Det kan numera sägas att fri rörlighet av domar förekommer inom EU. Det leder till att Sverige erkänner och verkställer utländska domar som har avgjorts inom EU.</p><p>Mellan Sverige och tredje land är läget ett annat. Problem uppstod då Nacka tingsrätt valde att lägga amerikanska domar till grund för en svensk dom, utan stöd i lag. Tingsrätten argumenterade för att svenska medborgare som väcker talan utomlands måste stå för konsekvenserna. I uppsatsen analyseras Nacka tingsrätts dom och om 3 kap 2 § utsökningsbalken behöver revideras.</p><p>Efter en jämförelse av rättsfall i uppsatsen är bedömningen att Sveriges syn på utländska domar har förändrats något. Sverige bör i viss mån kunna öka samarbetet med vissa stater. Jag anser att 3 kap 2 § utsökningsbalken bör behållas med med vissa förändringar i form av undantag till huvudregeln.</p>

<p>Numerous studies raise the topic of highly educated immigrants whose education and list of qualifications devalue in the context of the Swedish labour market. However, little is known of those with foreign background who enter into higher education in Sweden. Our study attempts to shed some light onto the value of higher education relative to that of a person’s ethnic background. The background material features nine in-depth interviews of foreign background academics, as well as data extracted from an extensive survey study previously carried out at Växjö University. </p><p>Initially, the quantitative data showed that students with foreign background, including Swedish-born children of immigrants, had not managed to find qualified work upon completion of studies to the same extent as their Swedish background counterparts. The individual stories given in interviews support the assumption that social capital, in the form of access to networks or membership thereof, may decide the physical location of individual careers. Those who stayed in the region were either brought up locally or had established themselves through work practice. In some respects, those who left can be considered outsiders, whose chances of finding work largely depended on their establishing themselves elsewhere. Some had managed to find qualified work beyond their own acquaintances, but only through a long period of unemployment or doing unqualified work.</p><p>When it comes to the ethnic backgrounds of the interviewed, positive and negative aspects were brought up by some, while others did not consider it relevant with respect to their own careers. However, their stories provide examples of how ethnicity works as a deciding factor on the labour market in much the same way as, for instance, class and gender. In turn, this is an indication of underlying mechanisms on the labour market that rest on social ties.</p>

The aim of this paper is to examine how young men of foreign background are pictured in the realistic adolescence novels of 2009. In my process of work I have used a classical schedule for literature analysis from which I have worked out a few questions to use on my texts. The questions are related to the main characters and some of the most important minor characters – all are young men with foreign background – and focuses on aspects of for example where they live, who their friends are and what they think about and dream of. To put these pictures into a wider perspective I compare my results with the well known stereotype picturing of men with foreign background in media. I then discuss how or if this affects the young men’s picture of themselves and the majority society’s picture of them. Another part of my discussion is how school can provide good role models for their students and how and if we can work with these stereotypes. To relate to young men with foreign background I have used two culture studies. The result of my analysis shows that the picturing of young men with foreign background tends to be stiff and static and closely stereotype. My conclusion is therefore that the picturing of young men with foreign background in the realistic adolescence novels of 2009 is familiar to the ones we can see in media. And from looking at the two culture studies I used, I can see that the stereotype pictures tend to affect how these young men picture themselves and also how the majority society pictures them. This can in the long run be dreadful for the self-image of these young men.

Sverige har traditionellt sett haft en negativ inställning till erkännande och verkställighet av utländska domar. Enligt 3 kap 2 § utsökningsbalken krävs stöd i lag för erkännande och verkställighet av en utländsk dom i Sverige. Sedan Sveriges inträde i EU, och Bryssel I-förordningens införande, har synen på domar som härrör från medlemstater inom EU förändrats. Det kan numera sägas att fri rörlighet av domar förekommer inom EU. Det leder till att Sverige erkänner och verkställer utländska domar som har avgjorts inom EU. Mellan Sverige och tredje land är läget ett annat. Problem uppstod då Nacka tingsrätt valde att lägga amerikanska domar till grund för en svensk dom, utan stöd i lag. Tingsrätten argumenterade för att svenska medborgare som väcker talan utomlands måste stå för konsekvenserna. I uppsatsen analyseras Nacka tingsrätts dom och om 3 kap 2 § utsökningsbalken behöver revideras. Efter en jämförelse av rättsfall i uppsatsen är bedömningen att Sveriges syn på utländska domar har förändrats något. Sverige bör i viss mån kunna öka samarbetet med vissa stater. Jag anser att 3 kap 2 § utsökningsbalken bör behållas med med vissa förändringar i form av undantag till huvudregeln.