Children with Reading and Writing Difficulties and Their Language and Cognitive Abilities A Comparison with Children with a Cochlear Implant Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the cognitive abilities that are important for reading in children with reading disabilities, children with a cochlear implantation and typically developed children. 64 children aged 10-12 years participated in the study. To answer the question at issue we used the following tests: Block Design from WISC III, PPVT III, TOWRE, SL 40 and a few chosen tests out of the SIPS battery. On tests of the lexical access children with reading disabilities performed at the same level as hearing children, while the children with a cochlear implant performed significantly lower. Test of the phonological and complex working memory showed that children with reading disabilities performed significantly higher than children with a cochlear implant, but at the same time lower than typically developed children on the test of phonological working memory. Tests of reading ability showed that children with a cochlear implant performed at the same level as typically developed children, while children with reading disabilities showed lower results. The results indicate that the children with a cochlear implant can develop an adequate reading ability in spite of their phonological difficulties. Phonological skills do not seem to be the only factor influencing reading ability of the examined groups.

Finlands kamp mot det mycket större Sovjetunionen under vinterkriget skildras i denna uppsats i form av en fallstudie av slaget i Suomussalmi. Det görs även en beskrivning av de militärteorier som är centrala för analysen i uppsatsen. Finlands sätt att strida och nyttja taktiken under detta slag är tillämpbart för att studera militärteorier som Försvarsmakten idag använder i sina doktriner för markarenan. Teorierna som slaget analyseras kring rör manövertänkande, krigföringsförmågan och de taktiska grundprinciperna. Uppsatsen undersöker i vilken omfattning den finska sidan använde sig av manövertänkande och vilka förmågor som spelade en avgörande roll i slaget. Även sambandet mellan manövertänkande och de taktiska grundprinciperna undersöks. Slutsatserna visar att rörligheten var den förmåga som spelade störst roll för den finska sidans framgångar. Det framkommer också att många finska chefer använde sig av manövertänkande. Slutsatserna visar även hur manövertänkande på ett positivt sätt påverkar chefens möjligheter att använda sig av de taktiska grundprinciperna. / Finland’s struggle against the much larger Soviet union during the Winter War is in this essay described as a case study of the Battle of Suomussalmi. Furthermore, descriptions of the theories of warfare that is essential for the final analysis of the essay. The Finnish tactics during this battle are applicable for studies of the warfare theories that the Swedish Armed Forces use in their doctrines for ground combat. The theories that the battle is used for studying are those of maneuver thinking, warfare abilities, and the basic tactical principles. The essay discusses to what extent the Finnish commanders used maneuver thinking and what warfare abilities played the essential role for the outcome of the battle. Moreover, the relation between maneuver thinking and the basic tactical principles is resolved. The conclusions show that mobility was the ability that played the most significant part for the Finnish Army’s success. They also show that many Finnish commanders used maneuver thinking, and how maneuver thinking adds to the commander’s possibilities to use the basic tactical principles.

Fysisk aktivitet i undervisningen och dess inverkan på elevers kognitiva förmågor upplever vi som ett väsentligt inslag i grundskolans tidigare år. Syftet med studien har varit att undersöka omfattningen av lärares uppfattningar kring denna inverkan samt deras åsikter kring detta arbetssätt och dess effekter. Metoden som använts har varit kvantitativ med en kvalitativ del och har utgått från en enkät med såväl kvantitativa som kvalitativa frågor. Enkäten delades ut till lärare i nio olika grundskolor i två kommuner i Västra Götalands län. Genom enkäten har vi undersökt utbredningen av lärarnas åsikter kring fysisk aktivitet i undervisningen och även gett dem utrymme att motivera och förklara sina åsikter.Resultatet av studien visar att majoriteten av lärarna anser att fysisk aktivitet i undervisningen har en positiv inverkan på elevers kognitiva förmågor såsom koncentration, minne och lärande. De uttrycker att de upplever arbetssättet som övervägande positivt och ger även uttryck för sina erfarenheter kring vad det är med arbetssättet som resulterar i de effekter det medför. Resultatet visar bland annat att lärarna ser att arbetssättet tillgodoser elevernas behov av att få använda flera sinnen i sitt lärande.Slutligen diskuterar vi resultatet med utgångspunkt i forskning, litteratur och teori.Bland annat diskuterar vi den fysiska aktivitetens placering i undervisningen, om den bör integreras eller fungera som en paus. Vi diskuterar även vikten av ett varierat arbetssätt för att tillgodose elevers olika lärstilar och öppna upp för användande av fler sinnen i undervisningen. / Physical activity in teaching and its impact on students’ cognitive abilities is something we experience as an essential part of primary education. The aim of the study was to examine the extent of teachers’ perceptions of this impact as well as their opinions about this working method and its effects. The method used in the study was quantitative with a qualitative part and was based on a questionnaire with both quantitative and qualitative questions. The questionnaire was handed to teachers in nine different elementary schools in two municipalities in the county of Västra Götaland, Sweden. Through the survey, we investigated the distribution of teachers’ opinions about physical activity in teaching and also gave them space to justify and explain their opinions.The results of the study show that the majority of the teachers think that physical activity in education has a positive impact on students’ cognitive abilities such as concentration, memory and learning. They express that they experience this way of working as mainly positive and also express their experiences concerning what it is about this working method that results in the effects that it brings. The result shows that the teachers perceive that the working method meets pupils’ needs to use multiple senses in learning.Finally, we discuss the results on the basis of research, literature and theory. Among other things, we discuss the physical task's position in teaching, whether it should be integrated or act as a break. We also discuss the importance of a varied approach to meet students' different learning styles, and open up the use of more senses in teaching.

El objetivo del estudio es analizar la configuración cognitivo-emocional de los alumnos superdotados; y ofrecer pautas de respuesta educativa según el perfil cognitivo. Los participantes han sido 187 alumnos (edades 5 a 12 años). Los instrumentos utilizados han sido: escala de de nominación profesores; Test Aptitudes Generales y Diferenciales (Yuste y otros, 2001); Test de Pensamiento Creativo (Torrance, 1974); el Early School Personality Questionnaire y el Children's Personality Questionnaire (Porter y Cattell 1990); Test Autoevaluativo Multifactorial de Adaptación Infantil (Hernández y Hernández, 2002); y la Batería de Socialización (Silva y Martorell, 1989). Los resultados indican que son 162 quienes manifiestan alta habilidad según la tipología propuesta por Castelló y Batlle (1998).Los datos indican, por un lado, que los superdotados tienen un perfil de personalidad configurado con puntuaciones promedio; por otro, no manifiestan problemas de adaptación y tanto los padres como los profesores perciben una óptima socialización de estos alumnos. / guidelines for a suitable educational response according to the pupil's cognitive profile. 187 pupils from 5 to 12 years of age took part on this study.The used instruments were: a teacher's nomination scale, an IQ test (Batería de Aptitudes Generales y Diferenciales, BADyG, Yuste et. al 2001), Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (Torrance, 1974), Early School Personality Questionnaire y el Children's Personality Questionnaire (Porter y Cattell 1990); self reported Multifactor Adaptation Test (Hernández y Hernández, 2002); and Socialization Battery (Silva y Martorell, 1989). The results show that according to the Battle and Castelló model (1998), 182 participants of 162 were identified as gifted or talented pupils. The data show, on one hand, that gifted students present personality factors scores within the average and, on the other hand, they do not show maladjustment problems as both parents and teachers perceive they (gifted pupils) have optimal levels of socialization.

Studien är baserad på lärares, specialpedagogers samt projektledares uppfatt-ningar av arbetssätt och arbetsformers betydelse i ett matematikprojekt som bedrivs i åk 3. Syftet med detta arbete är att studera vilka arbetssätt och ar-betsformer som används i ett matematikprojekt för att utveckla elevers ma-tematiska förmåga med fokus på aritmetik, ur ett specialpedagogiskt perspek-tiv. En kvalitativ metod valdes där intervju i grupp, enskild intervju samt in-tervju via e-post med respondenter från tre målgrupper genomfördes. Ana-lysmodellen har konstruerats med begrepp från Adding it up (Kilpatrick, Swafford & Findell, 2001), KOM-projektet (Niss & Højgaard-Jensen, 2002) samt Visible learning (Hattie, 2009). Vårt resultat visar att lärares, specialpe-dagogers och projektledares uppfattning är att flera faktorer påverkar pro-jektets arbetssätt och arbetsformer där bristen av tid är en betydande faktor. Slutsatsen är att arbetssätt och arbetsformers betydelse är underordnad pro-jektets organisatoriska förutsättningar. / The study is based on the opinions of teachers, teachers for special education needs and the project manager’s about the significance of how to work me-thodically and the way work is organized in a mathematic project in year 3. The aim of this study is to identify how to work methodically and the way work can be organized in a mathematic project in order to develop the stu-dents’ mathematical ability, focusing the areas of arithmetic and from the perspective of special education needs. A qualitative method of investigation was chosen where information was gathered through a combination of inter-views, in groups, individually and via e-mail with representatives from each of the three groups of respondents. The analysis model has been constructed using concepts from the frameworks Adding it up (Kilpatrick, Swafford & Findell, 2001), KOM-projektet (Niss & Højgaard-Jensen, 2002) and Visible learning (Hattie, 2009). Our results show that teachers, teachers for special education needs and the project manager’s view is that several factors affect how to work methodically and the way work can be organized and the lack of time is a significant factor. The conclusion is that how to work methodically-and the way work can be organized are subordinate the project´s organiza-tional preconditions.

The main aim of this study was to investigate the secondary schools English teachers&amp / #8217 / perceptions of technology, technology integration processes into their lessons, and the ways they use technology for professional development. The secondary aim of the study was to propose technology integration guidelines to enable high school English teachers to integrate technology into their teaching. Qualitative research design was used in this study and it resembles multi-case studies. For the participants&amp / #8217 / selection, criterion and convenience sampling strategy was used. First, 17 high schools (4 private, 3 Anatolian, 6 regular, and 4 vocational) were determined in Ankara province, and then 17 English teachers, one from each school, were selected based on the predetermined criteria. Totally, 17 teachers and 17 administrators were included in the study. Observations, document analysis, and interviews were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed through content analysis. The data were categorized under emerged themes, general technology knowledge, planning, using, evaluation and assessment, personal purposes, attitudes, support, and wishes. The findings of the study indicated that private high school teachers perceived themselves more knowledgeable in technology knowledge than regular, Anatolian, and vocational high school teachers. In addition, the interview results showed that private high school teachers integrate technology into planning, instruction, evaluation and assessment, and professional development more than the other English teachers. When school resources and support mechanisms were compared, private high schools were in a better condition than public high schools. Finally, most of the administrators included in the study wanted teachers use available school resources in their lessons.

Die Arbeit gliedert sich in fünf Teile. An ein Überblickskapitel, in welchem aktuelle Modelle und Verfahren zur Erfassung Emotionaler Intelligenz vorgestellt werden, schließen sich drei empirische Studien (englischsprachig) an. In diesen werden Zusammenhänge von Fähigkeitstests und Selbstberichtverfahren zur Erfassung emotionaler Fähigkeiten in Bezug auf sozial relevante Faktoren wie Lebenszufriedenheit, Konfliktlösefähigkeiten und Freundschaft untersucht. Darüber hinaus wird geprüft, inwieweit sich Patienten verschiedener Störungsbilder von einer psychisch gesunden Kontrollgruppe als auch untereinander in ihren gezeigten emotionalen Fähigkeiten unterscheiden. Die Arbeit endet mit einer Integration der Ergebnisse dieser drei Studien. Insbesondere wird dabei auf die Probleme aktueller Verfahren zur Erfassung Emotionaler Intelligenz mittels Selbstbericht und Fähigkeitstest eingegangen. Aufgrund der konzeptionellen Nähe von Sozialer Intelligenz und Emotionaler Intelligenz werden mögliche Integrationspunkte dieser beiden Forschungsfelder benannt. Ebenso werden mögliche alternative Erfassungsmethoden aufgezeigt. / This dissertation is devided into five parts. An introductory chapter explains actual self-report questionnaires and ability tests to assess emotional intelligence. The following three chapters present empirical data looking at relations between self-report measures and ability tests and important variables of social functioning like life satisfaction, conflict-management abilities, and friendship. Moreover, in another study we looked at differences between and within inpatients with different kinds of mental disorders and a clinically healthy control group. The final chapter integrates findings and conclusions focusing on the problems assessing emotional intelligence with self-report questionnaires and ability tests. As social intelligence and emotional intelligence are conceptionally related possible areas of collaborative work are discussed. Furthermore, alternative ways of assessing emotional abilities are highlighted.

The goal of this study was to examine the contributing factors to depression in young adult males with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (HFASD) and controls. Specifically, this study examined the relationship between recalled relational peer victimization, self-perceived social competence, global self-worth, and symptoms of depression in individuals with HFASD compared to normal controls. Depression is one of the most prevalent comorbid conditions in the HFASD population. Individuals with autism are also subjected to high rates of peer victimization. Given that social abilities are impaired in individuals with autism, it was hypothesized that their experiences with victimization by peers, along with their self-perceived social competence and global self-worth, would help explain levels of depression. It was expected that higher levels of peer victimization, lower levels of self-perceived social competence, and lower levels of global self-worth would explain higher levels of depression. Additionally, it was expected that self-perceived social competence would mediate the effect of peer victimization on depression, global self-worth would mediate the effect of peer victimization on depression, and global self-worth would mediate the effect of self-perceived social competence on depression. Variables were measured with self-report questionnaires. Multiple regression and bootstrapping measures of indirect effects were used to examine the presumed effects. Participants included 40 males, ages 18-26; there were 21 control participants and 19 individuals with HFASDs. Individuals with HFASD had significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms, lower levels of self-perceived social competence, lower levels of global self-worth, and a trend towards higher reports of peer victimization. Multiple regression analyses determined that peer victimization, global self-worth, and self-perceived social competence significantly predicted depressive symptoms in the total sample. Also, peer victimization significantly predicted self-perceived social competence and global self-worth. Additionally, self-perceived social competence significantly predicted global self-worth. Tests of indirect effects indicated that global self-worth mediated the effect of peer victimization on depression, self-perceived competence mediated the effect of peer victimization on depression, and global self-worth mediated the effect of self-perceived competence on depression. As a follow-up, this study also examined select HFASD participants' responses about how they defined bullying, as well as their perceived experiences with victimization. / text

Šiame straipsnyje gvildenamas informacinių ir komunikacinių technologijų (IKT) taikymas profesijos mokymo įstaigų edukacinėje praktikoje remiantis ES ir Lietuvos teisiniais aktais, šalies ir užsienio mokslininkų darbais, įvairių institucijų organizuotų tyrimų duomenimis, atskleidžiamos IKT taikymo ugdymo procese techninės sąlygos, problemos ir jų sprendimo būdai, panaudojimas ugdymo procese ir jų poveikis ugdytiniui bei mokymo(si) procesui. / Legal base regulating educational system emphasizes knowledge based on information technologies. As ICT are penetrating into the process of vocational training the training methods and aids are changing and improving, an important role is falling on an educator – teacher. He/she must develop personal communication, literary and cultural competences as well as improve information and communication skills. This may be done by applying innovative ICT training methods and only when teacher has ICT competence. The objective of this work was to elucidate the application of information communication technologies in vocational training from the management and educational aspect. To that end research instruments were formed – questionnaire, according to which the above mentioned aspects were estimated from the point of view of students and teachers, and quality research was carried out by estimating the attitude of managers. 180 students, 100 teachers and 6 headmasters participated in the study carried out in Alanta, Anykščiai and Utena institutions of vocational training in December 2006. These institutions of vocational training do have conditions for application of electronic training aids. They provide themselves with IT aids by executing project activities and inducing teachers to participate in them. The introduction of system of e-services, Internet, e-library is intended in the schools. In educational process the priority is given for traditional training aids... [to full text]

Dauguma autorių, nagrinėjusių skirtingos negalios krepšininkų žaidėjų fizinių ypatybių ir specialiųjų gebėjimų rodiklius, pabrėžė, kad sunkesnės negalios žaidėjų (1—2 balų) rodikliai blogesni negu lengvesnės. Tačiau mažai tyrimų atlikta nagrinėjant programų poveikį vežimėlių krepšinio žaidėjų fizinėms ypatybėms ir specialiesiems gebėjimams. Šiuo požiūriu aktualūs ir nauji tyrimai nagrinėjantys jėgos ugdymo programos poveikį vežimėlių krepšinio žaidėjų fizinėms ypatybėms ir specialiesiems gebėjimams. Tyrimo tikslas: nustatyti ir įvertinti jėgos ugdymo programos poveikį vežimėlių krepšinio žaidėjų specialiesiems fiziniams gebėjimams. Tyrimo tikslui įgyvendinti buvo sprendžiami šie pagrindiniai uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti ir įvertinti jėgos ugdymo programos įtaką vežimėlių krepšinio žaidėjų jėgos rodiklių kaitai negalios sunkumo laipsnio aspektu (pagal klasifikacijos balus). 2. Nustatyti ir įvertinti jėgos programos poveikį vežimėlių krepšinio žaidėjų vežimėlio ir kamuolio valdymo specialiesiems gebėjimams ir palyginti su įprastinės programos rodikliais. 3. Nustatyti ir įvertinti jėgos poveikį vežimėlių krepšinio žaidėjų važiavimo vežimėliu specialiesiems gebėjimams ir palyginti su įprastinės programos rodikliais. 4. Nustatyti ir įvertinti jėgos programos poveikį vežimėlių krepšinio žaidėjų kamuolio metimo ir perdavimo tikslumo specialiesiems gebėjimams ir palyginti su įprastinės programos rodikliais. Tiriamieji dalyvavo Paraplegikų asociacijos Landšafto terapijos ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Most of the authors, researching on physical characteristics and special abilities indicators of basketball players with a various level of disability, noted that rates of the players with the highest degree of disability (on the scale of 1-2 points) are worse than of those with a disability on a slighter scale. However little research has been done on the influence of the programs dedicated to wheelchair basketball players’ physical characteristics and special abilities. In this case, new research on the influence of strength training program on wheelchair basketball players’ physical characteristics and special abilities is a matter of great relevance. Aim of the study: 1. Measure and evaluate the influence of strength training program on wheelchair basketball players’ physical characteristics. 2. Measure and evaluate the influence of strength training on wheelchair basketball players’ velocity and agility. 3. Measure and evaluate the influence of strength training on wheelchair basketball players’ aerobic and anaerobic endurance. 4. Measure and evaluate the influence of strength training on wheelchair basketball players’ aim to shoot and ball-passing accuracy special abilities. Volunteers participated in two-week ordinary program camp and two week strength training program camp, both held at Paraplegic Association Landscape Therapy and Recreation Centre in Monciskes in 2009. Special physical abilities tests were performed on 54 wheelchair basketball players. Based on... [to full text]