En esta Tesis se analizan las respuestas que vienen siendo dadas a la situación de pluriculturalidad, fundamentalmente referidas a las personas inmigrantes, y si estas respuestas vienen siendo en su mayor parte asistenciales, sin tener en cuata otras opciones desde el punto de vista educativo. Se demuestra que es así como ocurre, que la mayoría de las respuestas tienen carácter asistencial, obviando las alternativas socioeducativas. Por ello, se propone una formación para profesionales, sobre todo trabajadores sociales y educadores sociales, basada en los principios de Bolonia, pero también sustentada en las respuestas que estos mismos profesionales han dado en los cuestionarios y entrevistas realizadas. Se apuesta por una formación basada en competencias interculturales a través de estrategias de trabajo colaborativo, que es lo más demandado por los profesionales que ejercen su labor con inmigrantes. Se ha realizado con una metodología que ha conciliado lo cuantitativo (cuestionario) con lo cualitativo (entrevistas). / This Thesis analyzes the answers that are being given the multiculturalism, mainly referring to immigrants, and whether these answers are still mostly care without other options on how much from the educational standpoint. We show that this is how it happens, that the majority of respondents have the welfare, social and educatives ignoring alternatives. Therefore, we propose a training for professionals, especially social workers and social workers, based on the principles of Bologna, but also supported by the responses that these same professionals have given on questionnaires and interviews. It aims for an intercultural competency-based training strategies through collaborative work, which is the most demanded by professionals carry out their work with immigrants. Was conducted with a methodology that has reconciled the quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (interviews).

La situation économique, sociale et politique des nations autochtones au Canada et leur relation avec les nations non-autochtones présentent des similarités avec les anciennes colonies européennes. Peut-on qualifier cette relation de « coloniale » ? Cette interrogation est primordiale, vu les aspects immoraux et illégaux que prit la colonisation. Nous parcourrons la pensée d’auteurs reliés au libéralisme, au nationalisme autochtone et à l’interculturalisme et nous choisirons ce dernier comme angle d’approche. Nous élaborerons ensuite le concept de colonisation interne et nous le confronterons au cas des autochtones. Puis, nous présenterons les motivations à la décolonisation ainsi que la composition d’un hypothétique État postcolonial canadien et de nations et communautés autochtones décolonisées. Finalement, nous analyserons la démarche judiciaire, la négociation d’ententes d’autonomie gouvernementale, la mobilisation des masses et l’approche des word warriors, l’objectif étant d’évaluer jusqu’à quel point ces moyens s’inscrivent dans un éventuel processus de décolonisation des nations autochtones. / The social, political and economic situation of the aboriginal nations in Canada and their relations with non-aboriginal Canadians exhibits parallels with the European colonies of the past. Are there enough of these to identify the contemporary Canadian case as "colonial"? The question is a fundamental one, given the illegal, not to mention immoral, features of colonialism. In order to answer it, this memoire explores the writing of liberal, nationalist aboriginal, and "intercultural" thinkers, and concludes in favour of the latter. Then, using the intercultural approach, the concept of "internal colonialisation" is developed and applied to the case of Canadian aboriginals. This is followed by arguments in favour of their decolonialisation as well as a hypothetical account of a postcolonial Canada. Finally, a number of strategies for bringing the latter about are evaluated: the legal justice route; negotiation over governmental autonomy; mass mobilisation; and the "word warriors" approach.

No description available.

I den här uppsatsen undersöker jag hur ett antal läroböcker i svenska som andraspråk bidrar med ett interkulturellt perspektiv genom textanalys. Granskningen av läroböckerna utgår fårn Lahdenperäs (2004) interkulturella läroprocesser som utgörs av tre aspekter för lärande och förståelse kring andra och den egna kulturen. Det är ett antal texter från läroböckerna som granskas genom närläsning vilka har valts ut efter läsning av rubrikerna som antyder interkulturalitet. Syftet med min undersökning har varit att ta reda på hur ett interkulturellt perspektiv förmedlas i de utvalda texter som granskats. Undersökningen har visat att läroböckerna stödjer ett interkulturellt perspektiv. Vidare har min granskning visat att läraren har en avgörande roll för det interkulturella perspektivet i undervisningen. / In this essay, I examine how a number of textbooks in Swedish as a second language helps with an intercultural perspective through text analysis. The review of textbooks are based on Lahdenperäs (2004) intercultural learning processes which consists of three aspects of learning and understanding of others and their own culture. There are a number of texts from the textsbooks examined by close reading which were selected after reading the headlines that suggest interculturalism. The purpose of my study was to find out how the intercultural approach is visualized in the selected texts that were examined. The investigation has shown that the textbooks support an intercultural perspective. Furthermore, it shows that teachers have a crucial role for the intercultural perspective as part of the teaching.

The research aims to understand how it is configured the intercultural relation between scientific knowledge and Pataxó traditional knowledge in Kijetxawê Zabelê Indigenous State School, having Scientific Knowledge, Traditional Knowledge and Interculturality as main categories of analysis. Pataxó People belongs to the Macro - Jê Linguistic Trunk, Maxakali family, located in Kaí - Pequi Indigenous Territory, located in Cumuruxatiba/Prado - Bahia. The research has the anthropology of education as a theoretical-methodological approach, following a qualitative line in an ethnographic perspective with a socio-phenomenological inspiration, by making use of documental analysis, participant observation and open interviews, using cultural interpretation for documentary analysis. As a result, on the school census of 2012, we observe an increase in the number of indigenous schools in Northeast, second larger area in concentration of indigenous schools in the country. However, that increase is not linked to qualitative conditions, oftentimes, taking advantage of the |intercultural| category to conceal problems and social inequalities. On the other hand, it is noticed a social control of the Indigenous School Education in the state of Bahia, with indigenous teachers participation in the intercultural degrees collegiate, what has shown a greater dialogue with the communities. In the intercultural relationship between scientific knowledge and Pataxó traditional knowledge, it is shown an approximation to the multiculturalist current, which is guided by intercultural bias. Thus, some attempts of intercultural practices were noticed inside school by teachers, bumping into curriculums established by the State Department of Education, poor infrastructure, lack of specific teaching materials, among others. / A pesquisa objetiva compreender como se configura a relação de interculturalidade entre conhecimento científico e conhecimentos tradicionais Pataxó na Escola Estadual Indígena Kijetxawê Zabelê, tendo como principais categorias de análise: Conhecimento Científico, Conhecimentos Tradicionais e Interculturalidade. O Povo Pataxó pertence ao Tronco Lingüístico Macro-Jê, família Maxakali, localizado no Território Indígena Kaí Pequi, em Cumuruxatiba/Prado-Bahia. A pesquisa tem como enfoque teórico-metodológico a antropologia da educação, seguindo a abordagem qualitativa numa perspectiva etnográfica com inspiração sócio-fenomenológica, fazendo uso da análise documental, observação participante e entrevistas abertas, tendo a interpretação cultural para análise dos depoimentos. Como resultados, observamos no censo escolar de 2012 um aumento no número de escolas indígenas na região Nordeste, segunda maior região em concentração de escolas indígenas no país. Contudo, esse aumento não está atrelado a condições qualitativas, aproveitando muitas vezes, da categoria intercultural para escamotear problemas e desigualdades sociais. Por outro lado, se percebe um controle social da Educação Escolar Indígena no estado da Bahia, com a participação de professores (as) indígenas nos colegiados das licenciaturas interculturais, o que tem revelado um diálogo maior com as comunidades. Na relação de interculturalidade entre conhecimento científico e conhecimentos tradicionais Pataxó, evidenciou-se uma aproximação com a corrente multiculturalista, sendo esta pautada pelo viés da interculturalidade. Neste sentido, foram observadas algumas tentativas de práticas interculturais dentro da escola por parte dos (as) professores (as), esbarrando estes (as) em currículos instituídos pela Secretaria Estadual de Educação, infraestrutura precária, ausência de materiais didáticos específicos, dentre outros.

Ce travail de recherche s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une thèse CIFRE et vise à comprendre les ressorts de légitimation et les stratégies communicationnelles sur la coopération décentralisée que peut mobiliser la région aquitaine afin de l’aider à favoriser un dialogue constructif entre l’institution publique, ses représentants politiques et les citoyens aquitains / This research, part of a CIFRE PhD program, aims to understand the ways of legitimation and communication strategies on decentralized cooperation that can mobilize the aquitaine region in order to help it to promote a cooperative dialogue between the institution public, political representatives and citizens of Aquitaine.

L’objectif principal de ce mémoire est de proposer un modèle d’intégration qui permettrait de concilier au Québec les deux impératifs que sont le besoin d’affirmation nationale et la reconnaissance du pluralisme. Nous croyons que le modèle interculturaliste développé au Québec et théorisé notamment par Gérard Bouchard constitue un bon point de départ, mais qu’il faut néanmoins ajuster le tir. L’approche de Bouchard est sociohistorique et culturelle. Or, c’est l’avenue politique qu’il faut selon nous emprunter. Pour que l’interculturalisme favorise le développement d’un nationalisme inclusif, il doit permettre de dégager un espace de citoyenneté spécifique au Québec. Puisque la nation québécoise est non souveraine, un tel espace de citoyenneté implique de reconnaître non seulement les individus, mais aussi le peuple. Il faut donc revoir les fondements philosophiques de l’interculturalisme pour que ce modèle soit en mesure de prendre en charge à la fois les droits individuels et les droits collectifs. Pour ce faire, nous devons nous tourner vers la conception de la reconnaissance des individus et des peuples développée par Michel Seymour. Le premier chapitre se veut une analyse et une synthèse de la conception de la reconnaissance de Seymour, qui s’inscrit dans le cadre du libéralisme politique développé par Rawls. Le deuxième chapitre vise à refonder l’interculturalisme dans les bases théoriques développées par Seymour. Nous commençons par défendre, avec Seymour, une conception sociopolitique de la nation québécoise, puis nous montrons que la possibilité d’un espace de citoyenneté spécifique au Québec est tributaire de la reconnaissance pleine et entière de la nation québécoise par l’État canadien englobant. Nous présentons ensuite l’interculturalisme dans sa version politique et examinons le modèle de laïcité développé par Seymour et Gosselin-Tapp en tant que cas de figure de ce modèle d’intégration. Refonder l’interculturalisme sur des bases politiques permet finalement de contribuer au débat opposant l’interculturalisme au multiculturalisme. L’interculturalisme se distingue du multiculturalisme en tant que modèle d’intégration permettant de dégager un espace de citoyenneté propre aux sociétés politiques non souveraines. Ce faisant, l’interculturalisme révèle un potentiel universel et se veut un modèle d’intégration fait sur mesure pour les nations sociopolitiques comme le Québec, l’Écosse ou la Catalogne. / The main objective of this essay is to propose a model for integration that could reconcile Québec’s two imperatives that are the need for national assertion and the recognition of pluralism. We believe that the interculturalism model, developed in Québec and theorized by Gérard Bouchard especially, constitutes a good starting point. However, we need to make adjustments. Bouchard’s approach is social, historical and cultural. Yet it is the political approach we need to engage into. In order to stimulate the development of an inclusive nationalism, interculturalism has to draw a citizenship space that is specific to Québec. Since the Québec nation isn’t sovereign, such a citizenship space entails the recognition not only of individuals but also of the nation itself. Hence it is necessary to review the philosophical roots of interculturalism in order for it to take into account not only individual rights, but also collective rights. To do so, we need to focus on Michel Seymour’s notion of recognition of individuals and nations. The first chapter analyzes and summarizes Seymour’s notion of recognition, which is developed in the framework of Rawl’s political liberalism. The second chapter aims to rebuild interculturalism on Seymour’s theoretical bases. We begin by defending, with Seymour, the Québec nation as a sociopolitical nation. We then defend that the possibility of a specific citizenship space for Québec depends on the Canadian State’s recognition of the Québec nation. The following step consists in elaborating the political version of interculturalism and then in examining the model of secularism developed by Seymour and Gosselin-Tapp as resulting from it. Finally, rebuilding interculturalism onto political bases enables to contribute to the debate between interculturalism and multiculturalism. Interculturalism distinguishes itself from multiculturalism as an integration model that draws specific citizenship spaces for non-sovereign political societies. In doing so, interculturalism reveals a universal potential in constituing a tailored approach for sociopolitical nations like Québec, Scotland or Catalonia.

[pt] O presente estudo sobre palavras tabus focaliza o uso de palavrões em nove episódios de Porta dos Fundos como forma de desvendar as práticas discursivas dos residentes do Rio de Janeiro (cariocas) por meio das teorias, principalmente, de: Lexicultura (Galisson, 1988); Semântica e Pragmática (Goffman, 1967; Camara Jr., 1981; Jay, 2008, Carretero, 2011); Interculturalismo (Bennett, 1998; Lewis, 2006; Hofstede, 2010; Ting-Toomey e Chung, 2012); e Didática das Línguas Estrangeiras (Bennett, 1998; Byram, 2000; Liddicoat, 2005, 2013). Através de metodologia qualitativa interpretativa, palavras tabus são analisadas em nove episódios da popular comédia situacional da série online Porta dos Fundos. Sete palavras tabus usadas muito frequentemente nas práticas discursivas dos cariocas, nomeadamente buceta, cu, caralho, foder, pau, porra e puta, são analisadas e interpretadas. O uso semântico e pragmático dessas palavras de ofensa demonstra que se situam nos campos da anatomia sexual, da atividade sexual, da escatologia, do sexo ilícito e dos nomes dos animais – estes, não classificados como palavrão. Onde considerado relevante faz-se uma comparação com palavras tabus em hindi. Observa-se que o uso frequente das palavras tabus em comédias, sátiras e outras formas de entretenimento, assim como em outras situações comunicacionais, não é percebido, como acontece no emprego geral da língua, como atos de ataque à face (Goffman, 1967) em português, em oposição ao que ocorre em Hindi. A análise mostra ainda que os cariocas, brasileiros multi-ativos (Lewis, 2006), a depender de variáveis pragmáticas, usam as palavras tabus também como atos expressivos de fala para comunicar emoções, nem sempre com valor ofensivo, como é o caso do seu uso como interjeição. Ao final, apresenta-se uma proposta didática de palavras tabus para os professores e alunos do Português do Brasil como Língua Estrangeira na Índia. / [en] This study on taboo words focuses on the observation of use of palavrões in nine episodes of the comedy series Porta dos Fundos (PdF) as portrayal of discursive practices of residents of the city of Rio de Janeiro (Cariocas), primarily through theories of: Lexiculture (Galisson, 1988); Semantic and Pragmatics (Goffman, 1967; Camara Jr., 1981; Jay, 2008; Carretero, 2011); Interculturalism (Bennett, 1998; Lewis, 2006; Hofstede, 2010; Ting-Toomey and Chung, 2012); and Foreign Language Teaching (Bennett, 1998; Byram, 2000; Ting-Toomey and Chung, 2012; Liddicoat, 2005, 2013). Through a qualitative interpretative methodology taboo words are analysed in nine episodes of the popular situational comedy online series Porta dos Fundos. Seven more frequently used taboo words by Cariocas, namely buceta, cu, caralho, foder, pau, porra and puta, are analysed and interpreted. The semantic and pragmatic use of taboo words demonstrates that they belong to the themes of sexual anatomy, sexual activity, scatology, illicit sex and animal names – although the latter ones are not classified as taboo words. They are compared with Hindi taboo words wherever applicable. The frequent use of taboo words in comedies, satires and other forms of entertainment, as well as in different types of communicative situations, is not, as generally perceived, i.e., a face threatening act (Goffman, 1967) in Portuguese, opposed to what happens in Hindi. The analysis also shows that the Cariocas, as multi-active Brazilians (Lewis, 2006), depending on the pragmatic variables, use taboo words as expressive speech acts to communicate emotions, not always carrying an offensive tone, as when used as interjections. A TbWs didactic proposal is presented for the teachers and students of Brazilian Portuguese as a Foreign Language in India.

Text in English / Most Xhosa people experience the condition of feeling dislocated and confused when choosing a spiritual belief between Christianity and Xhosa ancestral traditions. This study uses the concept of diaspora to describe the mental dislocation that people whose culture has changed experience. This study is based on the phenomenon of diaspora as a state of identity in the contemporary cultural identity of amaXhosa, the people of the Eastern Cape Province, by exploring the interrelationship between the key concepts, namely, identity, culture, land, and home as they relate to ancestral worship and Christian practice. Two installation artworks by Bill Viola and Nicholas Hlobo were selected for a comparative analysis under the spectacle of Xhosa ancestral tradition. In this study, I seek to understand how identity is constructed within a particular geographical and ideological culture and how self-identity can be constituted through the construction, deconstruction, and reconstruction of cultural histories. Touching on notions of mediation, altar, and dislocation, this study uses Martin Buber’s concept of I AND THOU to weave the key concepts together. / Art History, Visual Arts & Musicology / M.A. (Visual Arts)

Cette recherche s’intéresse à l’utilisation du conte dans le domaine de l’enseignement des langues étrangères. Elle s’appuie sur l’analyse d’un échantillon de contes d’origines algérienne et française pour démontrer le potentiel pédagogique de cette forme littéraire. L’analyse de notre corpus a permis de mettre en lumière les diverses exploitations du conte dans le domaine de la didactique des langues. En effet, grâce à son contenu culturel, ce genre littéraire est un excellent médiateur pour initier l’élève à la culture-cible. Nous avons expliqué que le conte était parfaitement adapté pour mener les élèves à prendre conscience des dimensions intertextuelle et interculturelle de l’oeuvre littéraire. En s’appropriant ces deux notions, les apprenants construisent une culture littéraire essentielle pour développer leurs compétences dans les domaines de la lecture et de l’écriture. Le conte permet aussi de proposer des exercices féconds qui concernent les domaines de lecture, d’écriture, ainsi que les aspects linguistiques.L’expérience pédagogique, menée auprès d’un public de collégiens en Algérie, a été l’occasion de valider notre hypothèse sur l’utilité des contes dans le domaine de l’enseignement des langues étrangères. En effet, l’instauration de notre dispositif pédagogique, basé sur l’exploitation d’une série de contes, a conduit les élèves à prendre conscience de l’intérêt de la mise en valeur de leur culture dans le domaine scriptural. L’analyse intertextuelle et interculturelle des contes proposés par les élèves dans la macro-tâche du post-test, indique leur reprise des motifs caractéristiques des contes arabes et européens. De même, nous avons constaté que les élèves avaient amélioré la qualité structurelle de leurs textes. En effet, l’analyse formelle de leurs écrits a permis de conclure que la majorité des apprenants avait produit des contes qui satisfont aux règles de la cohérence textuelle. Ce résultat indique que le conte est un genre qui convient pour conduire les élèves à produire des textes cohérents. Par ailleurs, la macro-tâche a également été un moyen pour vérifier l’évolution de leur compétence linguistique. Plus précisément, l’observation de leurs écrits indique qu’ils ont fait des progrès dans les domaines lexical et morphologique. En revanche, en ce qui concerne la syntaxe, les élèves nécessitent plus d’accompagnement pour maîtriser cet aspect de la langue-cible. / This research focuses on the use of storytelling in the field of teaching foreign languages. It is based on the analysis of a sample of stories from Algerian and French origins to demonstrate the pedagogical potential of this literary form.The analysis of our corpus has made it possible, to highlight the various storytelling operations in the area of language teaching.In fact, because of its cultural content, this literary type represents an excellent mediator to introduce students to the culture-target. We explained that storytelling was perfectly suited to help students become aware of the intertextual and intercultural dimensions of literary work. By appropriating these two concepts, learners build an essential literary culture to develop their skills in the reading and writing fields. Storytelling allows also to offer fruitful exercises in the reading and writing domains, as well as the linguistics aspects. The educational experience, conducted among a college students audience in Algeria, was an opportunity to validate our hypothesis on the usefulness of tales in the field of foreign languages teaching. Indeed, the establishment of our educational system, based on the exploitation of a series of tales, has led students to realize the value of enhancing their culture in the scripture domain.The intertextual and intercultural analysis of the tales proposed by the students in the macro-task of the post-test indicates their resumption of the grounds that are characteristic of the Arabic and European ones. Moreover, we found that students had improved the structural quality of their texts. Indeed, the formal analysis of their writings led to the conclusion that the majority of learners had produced stories that satisfied the rules of textual coherence.This result indicates that storytelling is an appropriate way to lead students to produce coherent texts. Furthermore, the macro-task has also been an efficient way to verify the evolution of their language skills.More specifically, the observation of their writings indicates that they have made progress in the lexical and morphological domains. On the other hand, students need more coaching, for all what is related to syntax, to control this aspect of the target language. / هذا البحث يتناول موضوع استعمال الحكايات في مجال تعليم اللغات الأجنبية. يستند هذا العمل على تحليل مجموعة من الحكايات تنتمي إلى الثقافتين الجزائرية و الفرنسية من أجل إيضاح مختلف الاستعمالات للحكاية في مجال تعليم اللغات الأجنبية. هذا النوع الأدبي يعد وسيلة ممتازة لتنمية معارف التلميذ فيما يتعلق بالثقافة الأجنبية. لقد شرحنا أن الحكاية مناسبة لتوعيته حول البعد التناصيّ و المتعدد الثقافات للنص الأدبي. بإدراكه لهاتين النقطتين، يُكوّن التلميذ ثقافة أدبية أساسية من أجل تنمية كفاءته في مجاليّ القراءة و الكتابة. الحكاية تسمح أيضا باقتراح تمارين خصبة تتعلق بمجالات القراءة، الكتابة و قواعد اللغة.التجربة البيداغوجية التي قمنا بها مع مجموعة من تلاميذ الطور الإكمالي، كانت فرصة لإثبات فرضيتنا حول فائدة الحكايات في مجال تعليم اللغات الأجنبية . استعمال نظام بيداغوجي يستند على مجموعة من القصص قاد التلاميذ لإدراك أهمية استغلال ثقافتهم في مجال الكتابة.التحليل التناصي و المتعدد الثقافات للحكايات المقترحة من طرف التلاميذ في التمرين النهائي يبرز اعادتهم لمقاطع أدبية تنتمي لحكايات غربية و أوروبية. لاحظنا أيضا أنّ التلاميذ اقترحوا حكايات تلتزم بقواعد الترابط النصي. هذه النتيجة تبيّن أنّ الحكاية هي جنس أدبي يناسب لقيادة التلاميذ نحو كتابة نصوص مترابطة. كما أنّ التمرين النهائي كان وسيلة لفحص تطور الكفاءة اللغوية عند التلاميذ الذين قاموا بتطوير مهاراتهم في مجالي اللغة و القواعد. لكن فيما يتعلق بمجال النحو، لقد لاحظنا أنّهم يحتاجون للمزيد من المرافقة حتى يتقنون هذا المجال اللغوي.