Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur behandlare och volontärer upplever att män som utsatt kvinnor för våld i nära relationer beskriver och förklarar sina erfarenheter som våldsutövare och hur de talar om våldet i relation till deras bild av maskulinitet. Vidare är syftet att undersöka hur respondenterna påverkas av männens berättelser. Studien baseras på fem kvalitativa intervjuer, där en intervjuguide tillämpas för att strukturera datainsamlingen. Resultaten analyseras utifrån tre olika teman; männens sätt att beskriva och berätta om våldet, männens bild av maskulinitet samt hur respondenterna påverkades av männens berättelser. Teorier som har använts i denna studie är teorier om spegeljaget, våldets normaliseringsprocess för männen samt kognitiv dissonans. Resultatet av denna studie tyder på att män använder narrativa strategier för att förmildra och förklara sitt våldsutövande i nära relationer. Respondenterna upplever känslor som maktlöshet och frustration vid samtal med män som inte vill ta ansvar för sina handlingar. / The purpose of this paper is to investigate how therapists and volunteers find that men who exposed women to violence in close relationships describe and explain their experiences as violence practitioners and how these men describes violence in relation to their image of masculinity. Furthermore, the purpose is to investigate how respondents are affected by the stories of men. The study is based on five qualitative interviews, where an interview guide is used to structure the data collection. The results are analyzed based on three different themes; men's ways of describing and telling about violence, men's image of masculinity and how respondents were influenced by men's stories. Theories that have been used in this study is theories of mirror self, the normalization process of violence for men and cognitive dissonance. The result of this study suggests that men use narrative strategies to mitigate and explain their violence in close relationships. Respondents experience feelings like powerlessness and frustration in conversations with men who do not want to take responsibility for their actions.

Syftet för denna studie har varit att undersöka vilka bakomliggande faktorer som påverkar kvinnor som levt med våld i nära relation att inte anmäla våldet de utsatts för. Samt möjliga samband mellan kvinnors första myndighetskontakt och om den kontakten är avgörande för kvinnors beslut att gå vidare med en polisanmälan eller ej undersöks. Studien är en kvalitativ studie där empirin består av åtta intervjuer, varav fyra med kvinnor som levt med relationsvåld men lyckats ta sig ur relationen. Den andra delen som intervjuades var socialsekreterare som jobbar i kvinnofridsteam i olika stadsdelar i Stockholms stad.Resultaten i studien visar på att både det bemötandet som kvinnorna fick av socialsekreterarna samt att det stödet de fick inte var anpassat utefter de behoven som kvinnorna hade. Studiens resultat visar på en brist på samordning, att myndigheterna inte har ett tillräckligt bra samarbete myndigheterna emellan vilket gör att kvinnorna inte får den bästa möjliga hjälp som de skulle kunna få. / The aim of this study has been to research the underlying factors or causes that affect women who are living with violence in their relationships not to report the violence they have been exposed to. Even the possible links between women's first contact with Social authority and whether that contact is crucial for women's decision to proceed with a report to the police or not is being investigated. The study is a qualitative study where the empirical data consists of eight interviews. The interviews were held with four women who used to live with violence in their relationships and with four social workers who works in teams for domestic abuse specialised for women in various districts in the city of Stockholm. The results in the stud yshow that both the way the women were treated and the support they received was not adapted to the needs of the women. The result of the study also shows that different authorities do not have enough cooperation, which means that women who have experienced domestic abuse do not get the best help possible.

Våld i nära relationer är ett omfattande socialt problem i Sverige och problemet förekommer regelbundet i nyhetsmedier. Denna studie syftade till att undersöka beskrivningarna av mäns våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer i två välspridda svenska tidningar. Studiens frågeställningar gällde hur våldsutsatta kvinnor och våldsutövande män beskrivs samt hur relationen, våldet och dess händelseförlopp beskrivs. Kritisk diskursanalys, med utgångspunkt i Norman Faircloughs tredimensionella modell, utgjorde studiens metod och teoretiska ramverk. Analysen visade att våldsutsatta kvinnor beskrivs som anonyma, rädda eller som objekt i motsats till våldsutövande män som porträtteras som subjekt med makt. Det framkom en diskurs kring en viss typ av våldsförövare och ett motsatsförhållande mellan våld och kärlek. Resultatet visade på en fascination vid våldet och detaljerna kring våldet samtidigt som kopplingen mellan våldsutövaren och ansvaret för våldet ofta var svag. Istället kopplades våldet, som kunde beskrivas som extrema våldshandlingar, ofta till själva relationen. / Intimate partner violence is an extensive social problem in Sweden and a recurring subject in Swedish newspapers. This study aimed to explore descriptions of men’s violence against women in intimate partner relationships in two well distributed Swedish newspapers. The research questions focused on how the men and women were described and how the relationship and the violence were depicted. Critical discourse analysis, with inspiration from Norman Fairclough’s three-dimensional model, constituted the theoretical framework and method of analysis. The analysis showed descriptions of the women as anonymous, frightened and as objects in contrast to the men who were depicted as subjects with power. A discourse regarding a certain type of perpetrator was revealed as well as an opposite relationship between violence and affection. A fascination with the violence itself was found and it was often depicted in vivid details. The violence was often connected to the relationship itself while the connection between the perpetrator and the violence was less distinct.

Denna kvalitativa studie syftade till att undersöka socialarbetares beskrivningar av deras erfarenheter kring postseparationsvåld mot kvinnor samt hinder och möjligheter i att motverka detta. Fem socialarbetare från olika organisationer deltog i intervjuerna. Studiens resultat visade att postseparationsvåld är vanligt förekommande men svårt att bevisa. Det framkom att de mest framträdande våldsformerna var det psykiska och ekonomiska våldet där kontroll är avgörande. Studien visade även att samhällets attityder och regelsystem kunde verka både främjande och hindrande i arbetet mot postseparationsvåld vilket vidare analyserades utifrån makt- och feministisk teori. Resultatet bekräftade den tidigare forskningen där utsatta kvinnor beskriver postseparationsvåld och hur myndigheters bedömningar och beslut kan användas som en del av mannens våld mot henne. / This qualitative study aimed to examine social workers' descriptions of their experiences concerning post-separation violence against women and the difficulties and possibilities in counteracting this. Five social workers from different organizations were interviewed. The results of the study showed that post-separation violence is common but difficult to prove. It appeared that the most prominent forms of violence were psychological and economic, where control is essential. The study also showed that attitudes and regulatory systems within society could have both a supportive and hindering effect on the work against post-separation violence. This was further analyzedusing power and feminism theories. The result confirmed previous research where women exposed to violence describe post-separation violence and how the assessments and decisions of authorities can be used as a part of the man's violence against her.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur artiklar från två välkända svenskakvällstidningar beskriver det våld som män brukar mot kvinnor i nära relationer. Vidare har det undersökts vilka orsaksförklaringar tidningsartiklar använder för att beskriva mäns våld mot kvinnor. En kvalitativ textanalys har genomförts där resultatet har tematiserats med teoretisk ansats genom socioekologiska modellen och Socialstyrelsens definition av våld i nära relationer. Media har visat sig ha en betydande roll för människors förståelse av sociala problem. Det som beskrivs i media blir ofta människors verklighet, därför är det av betydelse att media ger en rättvis och korrekt bild av det stora och utbredda fenomen som våld i nära relationer utgör. Resultatet indikerar att fysiskt våld är den vanligast förekommande typ av våld som beskrivs av tidningsartiklar. Vidare skildrar studien att flest tidningsartiklar beskriver orsaker till mäns våld mot kvinnor med ett strukturellt perspektiv. Endast en av alla inkluderade tidningsartiklar beskriver mäns våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer genom den socioekologiska modellens alla fyra perspektiv. Modellen som i enlighet med Socialstyrelsen är av stor vikt för att få en helhetsbeskrivning av mäns våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer. / The aim of this study was to investigate how articles from two well-known Swedish evening newspapers describe the violence that men use against women in close relationships. Furthermore, the study examined which causal explanations the newspaper articles use in the descriptions of the violence. This is done through a qualitative text analysis of newspaper articles' descriptions of violence. The results of the study have been thematized with a theoretical approach through the socio-ecological model and the National Board of Health and Welfare's definition of violence in close relationships. The media has proven to play a significant role in helping people understand social issues as what is described in the media often becomes people's reality. Therefore, it is important that the media provide a fair and correct picture of the large and widespread phenomenon that violence in close relationships constitutes. The results show that physical violence is the most described violence of newspaper articles. Furthermore, most causes of men's violence against women are described by newspaper articles with a structural perspective. Only one of all included newspaper articles describes men's violence against women in close relationships through all four perspectives of the socioecological model. The model which, in accordance with the National Board of Health and Welfare, is of great importance for obtaining a comprehensive description of men's violence against women in close relationships.

The aim of this study is to analyze how eight women, through autobiographies, describe their experiences of leaving a relationship with a violent male partner. Furthermore, the purpose was also to illustrate factors that kept women from leaving the relationship and factors that encouraged them to leave. The study is mainly based on a gender perspective. In order to create a deeper understanding for the process of women leaving violent men,we included two theories in the study. The two theories are Eva Lundgren’s (2004) theory of The Normalization Process of Violence and Holmberg och Enander’s (2010) theory of the Process of Leaving Violent Men. The result shows that mens violence against women in intimate partner relationships. The result shows that women from the autobiographies tended to get used to the violence coming from their men and considered it to be a part of the relationship. Furthermore, result shows that men’s control and power over women go hand in hand, which leads to women adapting to the violent relation.

Men's violence against women is a major societal problem that can manifest itself in many different ways. The purpose of this study was to see how Sweden's three largest news magazines portray the problem of men's intimate partner violence against women, how different subject-positions are presented and to investigate whether the public's view of the problem is affected by media reporting. To do this, a qualitative discourse analysis has been done with 41 articles on the subject. The articles analyzed are taken from the newspapers Aftonbladet, Dagens Nyheter and Expressen. The study is based on a social constructionist perspective, where the focus is on language and how it constructs our understanding of the world and different phenomena. In addition to the social constructionist perspective, the study is based on three theoretical themes; Gender, media influence and discourse. The articles include, among other things, many women's own stories about the violence in their relationship. How they gradually broke down and how the violence, whether physical, mental, or both, has had devastating consequences for the women. A clear result is that there is a great deal of uncertainty and a lack of knowledge regarding men's intimate partner violence against women. And that it ́s not prioritized within the police and judiciary. The consequence is that few reports leads to prosecution and even fewer to actual convictions, which is problematic as the bleak picture that the media paints can affect others in a similar situation from seeking help.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur kvinnor som blivit utsatta för våld av män i nära relationer beskriver sina erfarenheter och hur det kan förklara svårigheten att lämna den våldsamma relationen. Datamaterialet består av fyra kvinnors självbiografier som analyserats utifrån tematisk analysmetod. Resultatet visar på att mäns våld i nära relationer är en komplex problematik som kan ses utifrån olika perspektiv och påverkas av olika faktorer. Det framgick att den våldsform som samtliga kvinnor blev utsatt för var psykiskt våld men det framkom även att det psykiska våldet kombinerades med någon annan form av våld och att de olika våldsformerna förstärkte varandra. Merparten av kvinnorna gav uttryck för beskrivningar som är förenlig med normaliseringsprocessen men resultatet av analysen påvisade att det inte alltid behöver vara så. Det känslomässiga bandet som skapas i relationens inledning har en betydande faktor genom hela relationen och är en förklaring till varför kvinnan stannar kvar i relationen. Utifrån kvinnornas beskrivningar av det upplevda våldet kan mäns våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer tolkas som ett uttryck för makt, kontroll och dominans över kvinnan. / The purpose of this study is to investigate how women who have been subjected to violence by men in close relationships describe their experiences and how it can explain the difficulty of leaving the violent relationships. The data material consists of four women's autobiographies that has been analyzed based on a thematic method of analysis. The result shows that men's violence in close relationships is a complex problem that can be seen from different perspectives and influenced by various factors. It emerged that the form of violence that all women were exposed to was psychological violence, but it also emerged that the psychological violence was combined with some other form of violence and that the various forms of violence reinforced each other. Most of the women expressed descriptions that are compatible with the normalization process, but the results of the analysis showed that this does not always have to be the case. The emotional bond that is created in the beginning of the relationship has a significant factor throughout the relationship and is an explanation for why the woman stays in the relationship. Based on women's descriptions of perceived violence, men's violence against women in close relationships can be interpreted as an expression of power, control and dominance over the woman.

Sweden's gender equality work has historically been a success in many ways, but honour-based violence and oppression is not debated or identified as a Swedish social problem. What is the effect of differentiating between different social problems that fall into the same category? The present thesis aims to deepen the understanding of how men's violence against women is understood at a time when Sweden is considered to be in the forefront of gender equality policy issues. The present thesis therefore examines how honour-based violence and oppression is defined in Sweden, and how Swedish authorities work to prevent and combat the violence. By examining the image of victims of honour-based violence, on which the definition and the work are based, power dynamics within the discourse are also made visible. By using critical discourse analysis as a method and by using theoretical concepts, two government reports on honour-based violence and oppression in Sweden, and a handbook aimed at professionals in the school system are analyzed. The present thesis shows that the Swedish authorities' definition makes a distinction between honour-based violence and oppression, and men's violence against women. It is mainly explained as a problem based on culture, unlike men's violence against women, which is described as a social problem. This is made visible by Swedish authorities through a focus on foreigners in the work of preventing and combating honour-based violence. The definition and the work analyzed in the present thesis contribute to making it more difficult for victims of honour-based violence to identify themselves as "Swedish". Throughout the texts there is a stereotypical image of both victims and perpetrators of violence as being foreigners: people with dark colored hair and dark colored eyes. It is important to analyze and problematize how Swedish authorities choose to express themselves but also how they choose not to. In this way, we can critically examine how authorities contribute to the construction of a social reality and also reproduce unequal power dynamics in society.

Genom användning av diskursanalys ämnar denna studie besvara följande frågor: ”Hur framställs skillnaderna och likheterna mellan våld i nära relationer och hedersrelaterat våld, och hur betraktas de som olika fenomen?” samt ”Hur kan synen av olika kulturer påverkas genom att definiera våldet på olika sätt?”. För att besvara dessa frågor har 29 tidningsartiklar om våld i nära relationer och 61 artiklar om hedersrelaterat våld som skrivits i svenska dagstidningar mellan åren 2002 och 2021 samlats in. Dessa har sedan analyserats med hjälp av Laclaus och Mouffes diskursanalys. Analysen fokuserar på hur hedersrelaterat våld och våld i nära relationer presenteras i den mediala debatten. Utifrån analysen uppkom två diskurser: ”Det främmande våldet” samt ”Den mediala rapporteringen av distinktionen mellan olika våld”. Diskursanalysen tillhör det socialkonstruktivistiska perspektivet. Majoriteten av den tidigare forskningen berör det feministiska perspektivet. Dessa perspektiv brukas för att försöka förklara om det finns någon skillnad mellan nyhetsrapporteringen av hedersrelaterat våld och våld i nära relationer samt hur detta påverkar synen på icke-svenska kulturer. Studien klargör att det finns en skillnad på rapporteringen av hedersrelaterat våld och våld i nära relationer. Detta bidrar bland annat till att kunna särskilja olika grupper i samhället där etniska minoriteter framställs som främmande och oförmögen att kunna anpassa sig till det svenska samhället. / Through the application of discourse analysis, the purpose of this study is to answer the following questions: “How are the similarities and differences of domestic violence and honour-related violence portrayed, and in what ways are they viewed differently?” and “How can the perception of other cultures be affected by redefining the violence?”. To answer these questions, 29 news articles regarding domestic violence and 61 news articles regarding honour-related violence have been collected and then analysed with the help of Laclau’s and Mouffe’s discourse analysis. The analysis focuses on the way domestic violence and honour-related violence is portrayed in the journalistic space. Through this analysis, two discourses emerged: “The foreign violence” and “The distinction in portrayal of difference types on violence in the sphere of media”. Discourse analysis lies within the realm of social constructivism. Most prior research touches upon the feministic perspective. These perspectives are used in order to explain any difference in the reporting of honour-related violence and domestic violence in the media, and furthermore how it affects the regard of non-Swedish cultures. The study identified that there is a difference in the portrayal of honour-related violence and domestic violence in Swedish media. Ramifications include segregation, leading to the view that ethnic minorities are unable to conform to the structure of Swedish society at large.