There is a large part of the population today whose perception of Swedish political parties assumes a pronounced distrust. Often, this mistrust is linked to whether politicians act on the election promises made during the election campaigns. This is a view that opposition parties often encourage through negative criticism during election campaigns and media platforms. The paradox that arises then becomes markedly confusing because research actually shows that parties almost fulfill most of the election promises made.   Furthermore, a society characterized by widespread distrust of political activity risks gradually undermining the representative democracy system, which may lead to diminished democratic legitimacy. In the field of research, therefore, there is often talk of making knowledge regarding election promises more accessible to voters, who then may examine political activity more effectively themselves. The study has analyzed the Alliance's and the Social Democrats' election promise fulfillment during the mandate periods 2006-2010 and 2014-2018, through qualitative analysis of the election manifesto and data collection from the Riksdag's website. The aim was to investigate and compare which of these party organizations best achieved good representation during the alternative government periods through clear method choices that could present data in an easily accessible way.   The study arrives at a result that shows a balancing election promise fulfillment between the Alliance and the Social Democrats, with a small statistical advantage for the Alliance. It also shows how the Alliance has achieved a slightly better representation by succeeding in fulfilling more election promises in key policy areas that the party organization has given higher priority to during the election campaigns and election manifestos.

Swedish Reggio Emilia-inspired pedagogy has been decribed as a democratic paradigm shift for Swedish preschools. A grassroots movement based on the same resistance to traditional authoritarian pedagogy and political alignment that the Italien example entailed in the post-fascist Reggio Emilia. However, unlike the local and citizen-initiated birth in Italy, the Swedish implementation was sanctioned at a central political level and took place in close relation to leading academic institutions. Swedish Reggio Emilia thus belongs to a completely different historical context than the original educational and democratic movement. This essay tells the story of the pedagogical and organizational development of Swedish childcare from the preschool expansion in the 1970s up to the founding of the Swedish Reggio Emilia Institute in 1993. Based on a theory of path-dependent continuity and change, it analyzes how the conditions successively made it possible to implement the Reggio Emilia philosophy, with its socialist and cooperative origins, in Sweden at the time of a neoliberal and individual-centered change in political discourse during the early 1990s. The analysis describes the earliest influences in Sweden during the 1980s based on its function as exotic cargo: a rich aesthetic framework but with little theoretical content. The conveyed ideas and values mirrored already established counterparts in Sweden, but despite this, it managed to capture both fascination and interest among educators as well as politicians. Its pluralistic and decentralized ideals also came to relate to the neoliberal turn when the Swedish welfare state left its long tradition of collective democrazy.

<p>Betraktelser - traditionell folkmusik samt ny folkmusik skriven och arrangerad av Alvina Herbinger Rygne. </p><p>Dikter av Alvina Herbinger Rygne</p><p>Medverkande musiker:</p><p>Alvina Herbinger Rygne - fiol</p><p>Sofia Hultqvist Kott - sång, shruti box</p><p>Klara Källström - cello</p><p>Christian Mohr Levisen - vevlira, cittern</p><p>Anna Østerby - dragspel</p><p>(Ljudet startar efter tre minuter i inspelningen.)</p><p></p>

Detta examensarbete innefattar en reflektion inför min examenskonsert och vernissage med musik och konst inspirerad av den Jämtländska fjällvärlden där jag växte upp. Min avsikt var att skapa en hyllning till den plats jag håller närmst om hjärtat, samt att genom olika medel göra ett försök att skildra den.  Mitt stilanalysarbete kretsar kring folksångerskan Kirsten Bråten Berg och hennes framförande av den norska visgenren Nystev. Syftet med arbetet har varit att försöka beskriva Kirsten Bråten Bergs sångsätt och uttryck, och därtill kartlägga nystevens struktur och gestaltning.  Studien har som avsikt att väcka intresse hos den som visar nyfikenhet för den skandinaviska folkmusik- och vokaltraditionen. Min förhoppning är att vederbörande ska få ta del av verktyg, inspiration och material gällande ämnet, och att detta ska leda till ett vidare utforskande av genren. / <p><strong>Program examenskonsert:</strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Årstider</strong></p><p>S. Hultqvist Kott</p><p></p><p><strong>Gamlestev</strong></p><p>Trad. efter Kirsten Bråten Berg</p><p></p><p><strong>Tiden flyr när vill du börja / Erotokritos</strong></p><p>Trad. efter Anders Hoas / trad. Grekland</p><p></p><p><strong>O sommartid så skön och kär</strong></p><p>Trad. efter Dansar Edvard Jonsson</p><p></p><p><strong>Kalhygge</strong></p><p>S. Hultqvist Kott</p><p></p><p><strong>Improvisation ur Gryning över Kalahari</strong></p><p>Författare Lasse Berg</p><p></p><p><strong>Sven Svane / Gåtegangar</strong></p><p>Trad. efter K. Bråten Berg / A. Myrin &amp; G. Nergaard</p><p></p><p><strong>Seint var det om kvelden</strong></p><p>Trad. efter Paul Sveinall</p><p></p><p><strong>På dig jag hoppas</strong></p><p>Trad. efter Gustav Jönsson</p><p></p><p><strong>I norr</strong></p><p>S. Hultqvist Kott</p><p></p><p><strong>Jämtländsk vaggvisa</strong></p><p><em>A. Edwall</em></p><p><em></em></p><p><strong>Medverkande:</strong></p><p>Sofia Hultqvist Kott — sång, shrutibox</p><p>Susanne Rosenberg — sång</p><p>Óskar Guðnason — sång</p><p>Siri Flensburg — sång</p><p>Jim Base — elgitarr</p><p>Albin Myrin — klarinett</p><p>Leif Ottosson — dragspel</p><p>Olov Lindroth — tramporgel</p><p>Christian Mohr Levisen — kretensisk lyra</p><p>Gard Nergaard — hardingfela, altfiol, pedal steel </p><p></p><p><strong>Video och ljudupptagning: </strong></p><p>Alexander Wallin</p>

Sports clubs face numerous challenges, including economic fluctuations, shifting supporter preferences, and changes in regulations and policies. However, the unpredictable nature of athletic performance makes it difficult to forecast future financial outcomes, which can negatively impact planning and operations. Effective risk management is crucial for clubs to navigate these uncertainties and maintain long-term sustainability. The limited ability of Swedish clubs to access external funding sources, due to regulations on ownership and governance, poses challenges in managing risks effectively, as it restricts investment in new projects and response to unexpected and volatile events. Swedish clubs' managers face distinctive obstacles compared to their international counterparts due to the unique context they operate in.  The purpose of this thesis is to investigate what risks Swedish elite football clubs face due to the uncertain and volatile environment of sports, and to explore how these risks are managed. By identifying the various risks these clubs encounter, this study aims to shed light on how they maintain their competitive edge through proactive risk management strategies.  This thesis’ methodology is structured as a qualitative interview study consisting of eight semi-structured interviews with eight Swedish elite football clubs. The study uses a purposive sampling method, in order to focus on the unique regulations of Swedish sports clubs, as well the largest sport in Sweden, football. Moreover, the thesis employed a thematic analysis approach to analyse the data and draw conclusions.   The results of the study show that managers in Swedish elite football clubs adopt a hybrid approach to risk management, leveraging an experience-based approach and complementing it with a long-term strategic approach. This allows them to align decisions and risk management practices with their objectives and stakeholder expectations, and through balancing competitiveness and risk-taking, they establish attainable objectives that gradually lead to sustainable success. Moreover, the results show that larger clubs with a substantial number of members prioritise the opinions and interests of their members, who serve as a crucial source of income and primary stakeholders. In contrast, smaller clubs with fewer members rely more on sponsors and partners for income.

Sedan 2000-talets början har avkastningen på icke-kognitiva förmågor ökat på arbetsmarknaden till följd av bland annat skill-biased technological change. Grupper som besitter höga icke-kognitiva förmågor bör därför gynnas på arbetsmarknaden. Givet att ett antal studier finner evidens för att kvinnor har högre icke-kognitiva förmågor än män, undersöker uppsatsen i vilken grad detta återspeglas i kvinnors relativlön. Syftet är att se om kvinnor gynnas av att avkastningen på icke-kognitiva förmågor har ökat i termer av att deras relativlön har ökat. För att undersöka detta tillämpas en regressionsanalys med fixa effekter på en komunpanel, där två olika mått på icke-kognitiv förmåga förekommer. Måtten grundar sig i mönstringsdata respektive O’net-data (Occupational information network). Effekten på kvinnors relativlön studeras under tidsperioden 2008–2018 samt 2014–2018 för Sveriges samtliga 290 kommuner. Resultaten uppvisar ett negativt samband mellan ökad efterfrågan på icke-kognitiv förmåga och kvinnors relativlön, vilket innebär att när efterfrågan ökar så minskar kvinnors relativlön. / Since the beginning of the 21st century, there has been a surge in the returns to non-cognitive abilities in the labor market, due to the influence of skill-biased technological change. This has led to a preference for groups with higher non-cognitive skills in the labor market. In light of some studies revealing that women exhibit greater non-cognitive skills than men, this study aims to investigate whether this phenomenon translates into a corresponding increase in women’s salaries, thus examining whether women are beneficiaries of the amplified returns to non-cognitive skills. To achieve this objective, a fixed-effects regression analysis is employed, using two different metrics to assess non-cognitive capacity, across one municipal panel. The research examines the effect on women's relative salaries from 2008–2018 and 2014–2018, encompassing all 290 municipalities in Sweden. The results demonstrate a negative association between increased demand for non-cognitive skills and women's relative salaries, indicating that as demand increases, women's relative salaries decrease.

During the recent years, the Swedish housing market has developed into a topic of major interest, both domestically and internationally. The sky-rocketing prices, the uprising demand together with the housing shortage, and the market bubble ongoing debate, have resulted in the discussion of risk being more relevant than ever before. Literature is vast and knowledge is still gained, as recent research is seeking for answers about where the market is headed towards. This study intends to provide a new perspective regarding risk as a factor in the housing market. Based on the classical portfolio theory, an asset pricing approach in the Swedish housing market is presented. By applying modern quantitative methods, this thesis analyses the results of several models in the Swedish housing market and tries to establish a relationship between different market segments and the overall market. The goal is to determine: (1) the risk factor reflected by the market segments towards the overall market, (2) the evolution of the risk factor through time, (3) the way the market segments affect and cause each other, and finally (4) the response of the market segments against market shocks. The results provide a new insight on the risk factor and the mechanics defining the Swedish housing market. This could work as a useful tool in a new approach regarding the real estate market analysis, from a developer’s perspective. / Under de senaste åren har den svenska bostadsmarknaden utvecklats till ett ämne av stort intresse, både nationellt och internationellt. Skyhöga prisökningar, en ökande efterfrågan i relation till bostadsbrist, till den pågående debatten om marknadsbubblor har resulterat i diskussioner om att risken är högre än någonsin tidigare. Litteraturen är stor på området men mer kunskap inhämtas hela tiden eftersom aktuell forskning fortfarande söker svar på frågan om vart marknaden är på väg. Denna studie avser att ge ett nytt perspektiv av riskfaktorn på bostadsmarknaden. Baserat på den klassiska portföljteorin presenteras en prissättningsstrategi för den svenska bostadsmarknaden. Genom att tillämpa moderna kvantitativa metoder analyserar denna avhandling resultaten från flera modeller på den svenska bostadsmarknaden och försöker upprätta en relation mellan olika marknadssegment och den övergripande marknaden. Målet är att bestämma: (1) riskfaktorn reflekterad av marknadssegmenten gentemot den övergripande marknaden, (2) riskfaktorns utveckling över tid, (3) hur marknadssegmenten påverkar varandra och slutligen (4) marknadssegmentens reaktion mot marknadschocker. Resultaten ger en ny inblick i riskfaktorn och mekaniken som definierar den svenska bostadsmarknaden. Detta kan fungera som ett användbart verktyg i en ny metod för fastighetsmarknadsanalys från en fastighetsutvecklares perspektiv.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur svenska aktörer inom besöksnäringen arbetar med hållbarhet och på vilket sätt de kommunicerar ut detta genom digitala kanaler. Forskningsfrågor:Hur arbetar svenska aktörer inom besöksnäringen med hållbarhet?Hur väljer svenska aktörer inom besöksnäringen att kommunicera sitt hållbarhetsarbete? Metod: Studien bygger på en kvalitativ forskningsmetod med abduktiv ansats. De kvalitativa metoder som har genomförts består av semistrukturerade intervjuer med tio respondenter från nio företag, och observationer av respektive företags digitala plattformar. Vidare har det insamlade materialet tematiskt analyserats. Resultat &amp; slutsats: Studiens resultat påvisar att det finns en medvetenhet kring vikten av hållbarhetskommunikation bland samtliga respondenter. Alla tillfrågade företag väljer att arbeta med hållbarhet på olika sätt, men de flesta respondenter kopplade hållbarhet i första hand till det miljömässiga perspektivet. De sociala och ekonomiska perspektiven upplystes däremot även mer eller mindre av flera av respondenterna. Vidare väljer de tillfråga företagen att kommunicera sitt hållbarhetsarbete utåt till skillnad från att enbart kommunicera internt, som tidigare var normen. Dock uppfattas det som en utmaning för företagen att använda digitala kanaler för att kommunicera sitt hållbarhetsarbete och skapa en tydlig ansvarsuppfattning hos konsumenterna. / Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how Swedish actors in the hospitality industry work with sustainability and in what way they communicate this through digital channels. Research question:How do Swedish actors in the hospitality industry work with sustainability?How do Swedish actors in the hospitality industry choose to communicate their sustainability work? Methodology: The study is based on a qualitative research method with abductive approach. The qualitative methods that have been conducted consist of semi -structured interviews with ten respondents from nine companies, and observations of the respective companies' digital platforms. Furthermore, the collected material has been thematically analyzed. Analysis &amp; Conclusion: The study's findings reveal that all respondents recognize the importance of sustainability communication. All of the companies questioned chose to work with sustainability in different ways, although the majority of respondents associated sustainability primarily with the environmental perspective. Several respondents, on the other hand, provided information on the social and economic perspectives of sustainability. Furthermore, the companies questioned choose to communicate their sustainability work outward as opposed to communicating internally, which was previously the norm. However, it is perceived as a challenge for companies to use digital channels to communicate their sustainability work and establish a clear view of responsibility for consumers.

The purpose of the study is to understand whether, and if so why, the Swedish medical profession's position on the availability and shortage of doctors during the 1950s and 1960s could be interpreted as an expression of an overall common mentality within the medical profession. The start and end points of the study (1950 and 1970) cover the emergence of the Swedish welfare state. The emergence of the welfare state is the contextual background to this study and how that influenced the medical profession's social status and perception of the future role of their own profession. The source material for the study is mainly from the Swedish medical journal (Svenska Läkartidningen) and meeting minutes from various Swedish medical organisations, primarily the Swedish Medical Association (Sveriges Läkarförbund). Government public inquiries, government bills and the daily press have also been analysed. The analysis is based on three central proposals for action from the government to secure the future supply of doctors and stem the shortage of doctors. The proposals were the transfer of foreign doctors to Sweden, the expansion of education of doctors and the reorganisation of the Swedish health care system. The study shows that the argumentation from the Swedish medical profession against all proposals from the government consisted of several different rhetorical manoeuvres to exercise social closure. Another conclusion is that until the mid-1960s, both the Swedish Association of Young Doctors and the Swedish Medical Association acted mainly as professional associations, rather than as traditional trade unions regarding the expansion of the medical profession. From the mid-1960s, there are tendencies indicating that the association more began to resemble a traditional trade union. However, professional issues such as improvement in the profession, demands for exclusivity, social status and issues of legitimisation appear to have been more important throughout the period than more traditional trade union issues such as pay, employment conditions and the working environment. The professions' opposition to increasing the number of doctors, regardless of the method proposed by the government and responsible authorities, was characterised by a clear guild spirit. The study shows that the medical organisation arguments against the various proposals were driven by union strategies, attitudes, and norms and in some cases ideology. The mentality of medical professional representatives and individual doctors was influenced by the professional status of the medical profession with inherent norms and attitudes based on the doctors' self-perceived expertise and scientifically anchored professional identity. A central conclusion from the study is that the main rhetorical line of the professional representatives was that more doctors were neither desirable nor needed in the medical profession and therefore most of the arguments against an expanded medical profession were based on some form of protectionism. This was justified by the profession by using historical analogies and by conducting their own 'objective and scientific' investigations. A right-wing based criticism of society at the time and a fundamentally conservative view of the economy, the tax system and the expansion of the welfare state also served as rhetorical tools from the medical profession in the debate on the shortage of doctors.

Bakgrund: Medarbetarskap är ett alltmer uppmärksammat begrepp som förekommer rikligt idet svenska arbetslivet. Medarbetarskap finns på alla arbetsplatser och det som skiljer åt är hur utvecklat det är. Den svenska handeln är näringslivets största arbetsgivare där detaljhandeln ingår. Den svenska detaljhandeln har en hög personalomsättning som tidigare studier indikerar som ett problem. Medarbetaren är en av organisationens mest värdefulla tillgångar. Tidigare studier indikerar på att utveckling av medarbetarskap ger positiva resultat på organisationer. Medarbetarskap är fördelat i fyra begreppspar som är förutsättningar till ett utvecklat medarbetarskap. Mot denna bakgrund avser studien dessa problemformuleringar: PF1: Hur upplever medarbetaren medarbetarskapet i sin butik? PF2: Hur kan medarbetarskap bidra till kunskap om personalomsättning inom den svenska detaljhandeln? Syfte: Den föreliggande studiens syfte avser att bidra med kunskap om den svenska detaljhandelns personalomsättning genom att undersöka medbetarens upplevelse av medarbetarskap i sin butik. Teori: Medarbetarskap och personalomsättning är studiens två teorier. Metod: Denna studie har en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi. Det har genomförts semistrukturerade intervjuer med tolv medarbetare som alla arbetar i den svenska detaljhandeln. Medarbetarna arbetar alla inom samma hemelektronikföretag men i olika butiker. Resultat: Studiens resultat visar att gemenskap och meningsfullhet är viktiga begrepp för medarbetarna i deras upplevelse av medarbetarskap. Medarbetarna ser alla att medarbetarskap kan påverka den svenska detaljhandelns personalomsättning. Slutsats: Medarbetarna upplever medarbetarskapet olika och växelverkan mellan begreppsparen stämmer överens mot tidigare studier. Det kan finnas ett samband mellan medarbetarskap och personalomsättning. Arbetar organisationer med att utveckla deras medarbetarskap kan det motverka personalomsättning. / Background: Co-workership is an increasingly noticed concept that occurs abundantly in Swedish work culture. Co-workership exists in all workplaces, but the level of developed Coworkership is what sets it apart. Swedish trade is the largest employer by business, which includes retail trade. Swedish retail has high staff turnover, which previous studies indicate as a problem. The co-worker is one of the organization's most valuable assets. Previous studies indicate that Co-workership development gives positive results in organizations. Coworkership is divided into four pairs of concepts that are prerequisites for a developed Coworkership. Against this background, the study refers to these problem formulations: PF1: How does the employee experience the Co-workership in their store? PF2: How can Co-workership contribute to knowledge of staff turnover in the Swedish retail? Purpose: The purpose of this study is to contribute with knowledge of Swedish retail staffturnover by examining the co-worker's experience of Co-workership in their store. Theory: Co-workership and staff turnover are the study's two theories. Method: This study has a qualitative research approach. Semi-structured interviews have been conducted with twelve employees who all work in Swedish retail. The employees all work within the same home electronics company but in different stores. Results: The results of the study show that community and meaningfulness are important concepts for the employees in their experience of Co-workership. The employees all see that Co-workership can affect Swedish retail staff turnover. Conclusion: The employees experience the Co-workership differently and the interaction between the pairs of concepts is consistent with previous studies. There may be a connection between Co-workership and staff turnover. If organizations actively work on their Coworkership development, then it can discourage high staff turnover.