Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:46:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JOAO CORREA DE AZEVEDO NETO.pdf: 976470 bytes, checksum: bdd5ac7fd69e91816fcd4d1aa2f1133b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-28 / This assignment has a scope in treat the issue of criminal majority on paternal laws, pointing legal aspects, constitutional and social inherent to it. Majority, as known, it means essentially the ability to know and understand some acts with its all consequences attached to them. The Federal Constitution, as a major rule and located at the top of the legal system may be understood as the law of the laws, since it all should seek legal foundation. From then, during this work we will focus the criminal majority, theme vast discussed not only in the academic field, but also and specially at the forensic practice, in legislative work, finally, in the social field in general. This way, we will face the question of over all possible points of view, be it legal, included the constitutional sphere, be it social, all this way, including, the answer of the society aspiration, in front of the alarming increase of the crime in our country, that without a doubt has unlinked in various legal proposals, over the years, tending to proceed, as a way of resolution of all problems, in reduction of the penal majority. The focus of the question will have, including, a general character, once to we get to a final result, we will go through a way tending to draw a historic of the minor special legislation in Brazil and in the world and appreciate, overall, aspects connected with the own constitutional text over the proposed theme. / O presente trabalho tem por escopo tratar da questão da maioridade penal no direito pátrio, apontando aspectos legais, constitucionais e sociais a ela inerentes. Maioridade, como se sabe, quer dizer essencialmente capacidade de saber e entender determinados atos com todas as consequências a eles inerentes. A Constituição Federal, como norma maior e situada no ápice do ordenamento jurídico pode ser entendida como a lei das leis, já que nela todas as outras devem buscar seu fundamento de validade. É a partir daí, que no decorrer deste trabalho enfocaremos a questão da maioridade penal, tema amplamente debatido não só no campo acadêmico, mas também e sobretudo, na prática forense, no trabalho legislativo, enfim, no campo social em geral. Assim, enfrentaremos a questão sob todos os pontos de vista possíveis, seja legal, aí incluída a esfera constitucional, seja social, isso tudo como forma, inclusive, de resposta aos anseios da sociedade, diante do alarmante aumento da criminalidade em nosso país, o que sem dúvida tem desencadeado nas inúmeras propostas legislativas, no decorrer dos anos, tendentes a proceder, como forma de resolução de todos os problemas, na redução da maioridade penal. O enfoque da questão terá caráter de generalidade, já que para chegarmos a um resultado final, passaremos por um caminho tendente a traçar um histórico da legislação especial ao menor no Brasil e no mundo e apreciar, sobretudo, aspectos ligados ao próprio texto constitucional acerca do tema proposto.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:15:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosemary Pereira de Camargo.pdf: 6857757 bytes, checksum: e73560f253c55e3c21a81457752fbf8f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work is an approach to the realities and potentials of Capão Redondo district, located in the south of São Paulo, focusing on the existing leisure forms available to its inhabitants, specially the ones in the age group between seven and sixteen years old. The deductive method was the essential instrument for this search analyses, seeking for necessary information to the issue clarification considering the local reality data. It is developed through theoretical and methodological approaches that refer to the concepts involved by the word leisure, the process which resulted on the current structure of the outskirts of São Paulo and also analyses of the factors that can influence or condition the children and adolescents way of living. The fact that the crime rate in the searched district remains, for decades, as one of the highest in the capital of São Paulo, has motivated the investigations, in an attempt to obtain a more comprehensive knowledge about the causes that could lead to the reproduction of violence in this locality, as well as find out how impressive this reality can be for its residents still in formation. One hundred percent of urbanization of Capão Redondo constitute determining factor for the lack of local structure that could enable the exercise of specific activities using free time, which contributes to the increase of its population vulnerability to the various risks present in the local daily life. Yet, in this district, there is a green area of one hundred and thirty-four thousand square meters: the Santo Dias Park, with potential to the development of actions that can promote a good coexisting between its residents. In the analyses, among the factors that can contribute to the violence maintenance in Capão Redondo, it was discovered that the opposition between rich and poor young people is solidified by the lack of spaces or situations of acquaintance between them, in the cities. In this way, basically, this study proposes the energizing of the Santo Dias Park, as an interventionist measure for the subtraction of the exposure time of children and adolescents in inappropriate places and also, first of all, to promote the contact and conviviality between the individuals of the District different social levels / Este estudo faz uma abordagem sobre as realidades e potencialidades do Distrito de Capão Redondo, localizado na Zona Sul de São Paulo, enfocando as formas de lazer existentes e disponíveis para seus habitantes, em especial, àqueles na faixa etária entre sete e dezesseis anos. O método dedutivo constituiu-se como fundamental instrumento de análise desse trabalho, buscando nos dados oriundos da realidade local, as informações necessárias para o esclarecimento das dúvidas inerentes ao tema. E a pesquisa se desenvolveu por meio de abordagens teórico-metodológicas que remeteram a análise de conceitos que envolvem a palavra lazer, dos processos que resultaram na atual estrutura da periferia de São Paulo, e também a análise dos fatores que podem influenciar ou condicionar o modo de agir de crianças e adolescentes, entre sete e dezesseis anos. O fato do índice de criminalidade do Distrito pesquisado, há décadas, se manter como um dos mais elevados da capital paulista, motivou a realização das investigações, na tentativa de se obter um conhecimento mais abrangente sobre as causas que possam gerar a manutenção da violência nessa localidade, bem como de descobrir o quão impactante essa realidade pode ser aos seus moradores ainda em formação. Fundamentalmente, esse estudo propõe a dinamização do Parque Santo Dias, única área verde da região, na tentativa de subtrair o tempo de exposição de crianças e adolescentes em locais inadequados. Os cem por cento de urbanização do Capão Redondo constitui-se em um fator determinante para a falta, no local, de estruturas adequadas para as atividades específicas do uso do tempo livre. Tal fato, conforme demonstrado nesse estudo, contribui para o aumento da vulnerabilidade de sua população aos riscos diversos presentes no cotidiano local. Teoricamente, observou-se que a violência provocada pela oposição entre jovens pobres x ricos é solidificada pela falta, nas cidades, de espaços ou situações de convivência entre eles. Sendo assim, a dinamização do Parque Santo Dias, aumentaria as potencialidades do bairro, no sentido de promover o contato e o convívio entre os indivíduos dos diferentes níveis sociais existentes no interior do seu próprio território

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-03-28T10:24:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ryanna Pala Veras.pdf: 1493508 bytes, checksum: 38717122bd913544e4426305e684931b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-28T10:24:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ryanna Pala Veras.pdf: 1493508 bytes, checksum: 38717122bd913544e4426305e684931b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-15 / This study analyzes the criminal policy's concept, historic evolution and its relation with the humanist criminology. It aims to understand the causes of an apparent rupture between the contemporary criminal policy and the enlightenment's principles which have influenced the modernity era. Afterward, this work tries to bring a reflexion whether this phenomena is irreversible or there is still some space to a return of humanistic thought. For that purpose, it studies in the first chapter the concepts of criminal policy and humanism, and, in the sequence, it starts to analyze the historical development of the humanistic criminological theories and their relation with the main criminal policies since the eighteenth century until nowadays. It shows that from the seventies the criminal policy and the humanistic criminology have started to become distant and this separation seems to keep increasing with the discourse of harsh penalties and intolerance in the political scenario. In the end, as conclusion, it presents the main arguments that support this fact and it suggests ways that could bring back the humanist discourse. This work is justified because the criminal policy hasn't been studied in this perspective in a more deep way in the general researches about criminality. Moreover, this study is contemporary as it tries to contribute to one of the main issues faced by the modern societies: the restraint of violence and criminality in an efficient way considering the respect of the people's dignity / Este estudo analisa o conceito e a evolução histórica da política criminal e sua relação com a criminologia de raiz humanista. Busca compreender as causas de uma aparente ruptura da política criminal contemporânea com os princípios iluministas que nortearam a modernidade. Além disso, tenta refletir se tal fenômeno é irreversível ou se há espaço para um retorno do humanismo. Para isso, aborda no primeiro capítulo os conceitos de política criminal e humanismo, e, na sequência, passa a analisar o desenvolvimento histórico das teorias criminológicas humanistas e sua relação com as principais políticas criminais adotadas desdeo século 18, até os dias atuais. Destaca-se que a partir da década de setenta começa se notar o distanciamento entre a política criminal e a criminologia humanista, distância essa que parece aumentar cada vez mais com os crescentes discursos de rigor e intolerância no cenário político. Por fim, na conclusão, são apresentadas os principais argumentos que sustentam essa constatação e são sugeridos caminhos que podem amparar uma retomada do humanismo. Este trabalho se justifica pois a política criminal ainda não foi abordada sob esta perspectiva de forma aprofundada nas pesquisas sobre o crime em geral. Ademais, este estudo é atual pois busca contribuir para um dos principais problemas enfrentados pelas sociedades contemporâneas: a contenção da violência e da criminalidade de forma eficiente mas que respeite e dignidade das pessoas

En se concentrant sur les relations entre guerre et criminalité, cette étude se penche sur les transformations des activités criminelles en temps de guerre et sur l’influence du conflit sino-japonais sur les crimes et délits à Shanghai entre 1937 et 1942. Autour trois types de crimes principaux: l’atteinte aux biens, l’homicide et les infractions sur les stupéfiants, cette recherche examine les changements de la criminalité suscitée par l’évolution de l’environnement de Shanghai. La ville de Shanghai a en effet été marquée par des transformations radicales, autant sur le plan politique, qu’économique, social et spatial suite à l’éclatement de la guerre sino-japonaise à l’été 1937. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous déploierons trois grandes méthodes de travail : comparaison quantitative, exploitation des statistiques et analyse spatiale. Pour éclairer les mutations de la criminalité et de l’ordre public entraînées par la guerre, nous comparerons l’importance quantitative relative des crimes et délits entre deux périodes : la décennie de Nanjing (1927-1936) d’une part et la période de guerre d’autre part. Nous réaliserons également une analyse statistique de l’évolution des activités criminelles en temps de guerre pour révéler la diversité des situations criminelles au cours de cette période spécifique qu’est la guerre. Enfin, en s’appuyant sur le logiciel de Système d’Information Géographique (SIG), nous proposerons une analyse spatiale de la criminalité pour évaluer l’importance de la dimension spatiale de la criminalité mettre au jour la forte corrélation entre criminalité et espace. / By focusing on the relationship between war and criminality, this study concentrates on the transformation of crime and the influence of this conflict on crimes in Shanghai during the years of the hostilities. Around three main types of crimes: offence against property, homicide and drug crime, this research examines the change of crime caused by the evolution of the environment of Shanghai, which has actually undergone a radical modification in politics, economy, society and urban space after the outbreak of the war in the summer of 1937. In order to realize this objective, three main methods are used in this study: a quantitative comparison, statistical and spatial analysis. So as to highlight the change in the situation of criminality and in the public order after the eruption of the war, a quantitative comparison between the crimes during the Nanjing decade (1927-1936) and the period of war is carried out. Meanwhile, a statistical analysis of the evolution of criminal activities in the different years of the wartime is implemented to reveal the various state of crime in different periods of the war. Finally, based on GIS software, a spatial analysis is performed to confirm the correlation between crimes and the spatial factor.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:00:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao de Andre Luiz Greve Pereira - Parte 1.pdf: 1996445 bytes, checksum: 416870e5be10ab8287e896d17657fdcb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-04 / Esta dissertação investiga os determinantes da criminalidade nos municípios do Estado do Espírito Santo e nos bairros de Vitória. Este trabalho se insere na literatura econômica que busca identificar o impacto marginal de variáveis econômicas, sociais e demográficas assim como o impacto marginal de crimes aparentemente sem vítimas (crimes de drogas e armas) em crimes com vítimas claramente identificáveis (homicídios, crimes contra a pessoa e crimes contra o patrimônio). A dissertação utilizou as ocorrências criminais registradas na Secretaria de Segurança Pública e Defesas Social do Espírito Santo (SESP), entre elas o local de residência dos Envolvidos com a Criminalidade em nível de bairro. Esta variável é inédita em estudos econômicos no Brasil. Os resultados do trabalho ressaltam a importância do efeito transbordamento (spillover effects) da criminalidade sob dois canais: através da influência dos crimes aparentemente sem vítimas (drogas e armas) nos crimes patrimoniais e pessoais, pois eles tiveram um poder explicativo significativamente maior do que as variáveis sociais, econômicas e demográficas; e através da autocorrelação espacial positiva dos crimes entre os municípios do ES. As políticas públicas de segurança são discutidas e analisadas apartir destes resultados e das referências consultadas / This dissertation investigates the determinants of crime in cities in the state of Espírito Santo and in the districts of its capital, Vitória. This study is based in the economic literature that seeks to identify the marginal impact of economic, social and demographic variables, as well as the marginal impact of apparently victimless crimes (drugs and guns crimes) on crimes with identifiable victims (homicide, offence against the person and crimes against property). The data used in this paper were criminal occurrences recorded by the Espírito Santo Department of Public Safety and Social Defense (SESP-ES), including criminals residences sorted at neighborhood level. This variable has no precedents in Brazilian economic studies. The results of the study emphasize the importance of the spillover effect in crime through two different channels: the influence of apparently victimless crimes in crimes against property and offences against the person, which had a greater explanatory power than social, economic and demographic variables; and a positive spatial correlation of crimes between cities. The public security policies are discussed and analyzed based on these results and the references consulted

Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-05-22T18:23:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LeinaSouza.pdf: 1117330 bytes, checksum: 87533cc66077880691ce77422cff3f66 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-22T18:23:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeinaSouza.pdf: 1117330 bytes, checksum: 87533cc66077880691ce77422cff3f66 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA) / This study aims to analyze representations of aspects linked to violence and criminality produced in Maranhão Jornal Pequeno journal during the civil-military dictatorship (1964-1985), with the spatial cutout of the city of Sao Luis. To this end, we first made a contextualization effort of the scenario involving the problems of violence and ciminality in Brazil during the dictatorship, as we seek to rebuild the newspaper's trajetory in question during this same period. other than copies of the paper, oral reports provides by journalists connected in some way to this newspaper constituted in primary sources for understanding both the periodic trajectory analyzed the for news built on it. Specifically, the analysis focused on presenting representations constructed in the journal about crimes and criminals, public security policies and police violence, trying to understand, yet, changes and / or continuities in discourses daily conveyed by it. The analysis also point out how this newspaper was inserted in the debate on urban violence that has expanded in the country at the very moment of political openness. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar representações de aspectos ligados à violência e à criminalidade produzidas no periódico maranhense Jornal Pequeno durante a ditadura civil-militar (1964-1985), tendo como recorte espacial a cidade de São Luís do Maranhão. Neste intuito, realizamos, antes, um esforço de contextualização do cenário envolvendo as problemáticas da violência e da criminalidade no Brasil ao longo da ditadura, assim como buscamos reconstruir a trajetória do jornal em questão durante este mesmo período. Além de exemplares do jornal, relatos orais fornecidos por jornalistas que trabalharam no Jornal Pequeno durante o período que abarca esta pesquisa e por pessoas ligadas de alguma forma a este jornal se constituíram em fontes primordiais para a compreensão tanto da trajetória do periódico analisado quanto de notícias nele construídas. Especificamente, a análise se concentrou em apresentar representações construídas no matutino sobre crimes e criminosos, políticas de segurança pública e violência policial, tentando perceber, ainda, mudanças e/ou continuidades nos discursos diariamente veiculados por ele. A análise buscou também destacar como este jornal se inseriu no debate sobre violência urbana que se expandiu no país justamente no momento de abertura política.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:17:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucia Helena Anastacio da Silva.pdf: 908265 bytes, checksum: 0c75314590e52063c5e9459055f1ad2b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-11-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The imprint of violence and its repetitive strain, on a social/educational aspect of youngsters, guilty of misdemeanours, targets of violence and possible explications for such behavior, juvenile criminality and hostile integration . We outlive a brief history of juridical aspects of repeated crime and its relationship to the social/penal process on minors, from the Empire to the coming of ECA, stressing the "Minorist Law" and child and youth instituanalizing until current FEBEM (State Juvenile Foundation). Theoretical forms also aims at analysis, marks, prejudice and social exclusion categories, in the light of Goffman (1988) and Sposati (2000). Methodology used in the research, was quality approach, based on six youngsters, who deal with their paths, motivation and interpretation of lived life experiences, coaching them into reflection on reincidence in crime, such approach having themselves as starting point. We try to fathom how repetitive social behavior, is the result of how global universe is deemed by these in question, values and judgments, reinterpreted from their own life experience and of their own perception of breaching possibility from this pattern / A marca da violência e a reincidência na medida socioeducativa do adolescente autor de ato infracional tem por objetivo mostrar os desdobramentos da reincidência, as implicações da violência e as suas vertentes de explicação, a criminalidade juvenil e a integração perversa. Traçamos um breve histórico sobre os aspectos jurídicos da reincidência e sua relação com o processo sócio-penal na menoridade, desde o Império até o advento do ECA, com ênfase na Lei Menorista e na institucionalização da criança e do adolescente até a FEBEM atual. O eixo teórico também recai sobre as categorias de análise, marca, estigma e exclusão social, que nos levaram a espelhar à luz de GOFFMAN (1988) e SPOSATI (2000). A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa foi de abordagem qualitativa, a partir da seleção de seis adolescentes, que falam de sua trajetória, seus motivos e interpretações sobre as experiências vividas, levando-nos à reflexão sobre a reincidência a partir deles próprios. Buscamos aprender como a conduta social reincidente é resultado da forma como o sujeito percebe o universo que o circunda, seus valores e julgamentos, reinterpretados a partir de sua experiência de vida, e a sua percepção da possibilidade de rompimento com essa marca

<p>The purpose of this essay is to investigate how people can return from a marginalized position and become a part of society. Also how a model for returning from a marginalized position should be formed. The intention is to make a contribution to those in society that are helping people to return from marginalized positions. The survey is based on 5 thematic qualitative interviews on individuals that have returned from homelessness, criminality, drug abuse and prostitution. The main results of the investigation are that those who took part in it started their role exit with a turning point. After that they decided that they had to change their life. They then started their road back to society by separating themselves from the negative things that their former role resulted in. Thereafter they started to adapt to a life in society. To interpret the empirical material I used “The role exit process” made by Helen Rose Fuchs Ebaugh (1988). Since I found that her model could not be used to fully understand stigmatized role changes like the ones that marginalized people go through, I changed the model. This investigation’s empirical material has been interpreted through that modified process of the role exit.</p>

The purpose of this essay is to investigate how people can return from a marginalized position and become a part of society. Also how a model for returning from a marginalized position should be formed. The intention is to make a contribution to those in society that are helping people to return from marginalized positions. The survey is based on 5 thematic qualitative interviews on individuals that have returned from homelessness, criminality, drug abuse and prostitution. The main results of the investigation are that those who took part in it started their role exit with a turning point. After that they decided that they had to change their life. They then started their road back to society by separating themselves from the negative things that their former role resulted in. Thereafter they started to adapt to a life in society. To interpret the empirical material I used “The role exit process” made by Helen Rose Fuchs Ebaugh (1988). Since I found that her model could not be used to fully understand stigmatized role changes like the ones that marginalized people go through, I changed the model. This investigation’s empirical material has been interpreted through that modified process of the role exit.

The essay deals with hierarchies that occurs between inmates in prison. It deals with a theory that these hierarchies, when seen through a gender perspective, can be understood as a hierarchy where you are valued based on traditional male characteristics. Empirically, the paper consists of interviews with five inmates, or former inmates, who during a period in his life, has served a prison sentence at a closed institution. Based on the informants' statements, conclusions are drawn about which properties are valued low in the hierarchy. This becomes clear when the informants speak humiliating about sexually deviant groups, snitches, or sex offenders. Those who are highly valued are those who have committed acts of violence and express a violent attitude, and other traditionally male characteristics. Hierarchy occurs much because of the frustration and powerlessness the inmates are experiencing and their need to dominate each other.