Denna studie syftar till att undersöka bioregionalism i relation till urbanisering och globalisering för att identifiera utmaningar som begreppet och rörelsen möter relaterat till dessa trender. Tidigare studier på forskningsfältet är begränsat och utspritt, vilket skapar ett behov av att samla och vidareutveckla det fragmenterade material som finns på området. Studien har genomförts genom en metodtriangulering av kvalitativa metoder i form av litteraturstudie och enkätstudie. Den första metoden syftar till att redogöra för ett vetenskapligt och akademiskt perspektiv medan den andra metoden redogör för ett gräsrotsperspektiv. De två metoderna integrerades sedan i en gemensam diskussion för att ge en mer representativ och heltäckande bild av vilka utmaningar bioregionalismen möter relaterat till trenderna. Resultatet visar att de största utmaningarna för bioregionalismen är att lyckas åstadkomma en kulturell förändring och att få det bioregionala paradigmet erkänt. De största svårigheterna ligger i den pågående dialektiken mellan urban/rural respektive lokal/global. Avslutningsvis konstateras att bioregionalismen i sin ursprungliga form inte är tillräcklig för att förstoras upp på en urban och global skala. För att omfamna dessa trender skulle bioregionalismen förslagsvis behöva utveckla de bioregionala idealen och synkroniseras med andra närliggande koncept. / This thesis aims to investigate bioregionalism in relation to urbanization and globalization to identify challenges that are facing the concept and the social movement related to these trends. Previous studies in this research field is limited and scattered, creating a need to collect and further develop the fragmented material in the area. The study was conducted through a triangulation of qualitative methods in terms of literature study and survey study. The first method aims to describe a scientific and academic perspective, while the second method describes a grassroots perspective. The two methods were then integrated in a joint discussion to provide a further representative and comprehensive picture of the challenges facing bioregionalism regarding the trends. The results show that the greatest challenges for bioregionalism are to succeed in achieving a cultural change and of getting the bioregional paradigm recognized. The greatest difficulty lies with the ongoing dialectic interplay between urban/rural and local/global. Finally the study concludes that bioregionalism in its original form is not sufficient enough to be scaled up to an urban and global level. To embrace urbanization and globalization, bioregionalism would tentatively need to develop its bioregional ideals and be synchronized with other adjacent concepts.

<p><strong>Titel:</strong> Internationella relationer i innovativa miljöer – en fallstudie av Mjärdevi Science Parks internationella arbete</p><p><strong>Författare:</strong> Sergio Quiñones</p><p><strong>Adress</strong>: Skrinnarvägen 7, 633 59 Eskilstuna | sergio.quinones@gmx.com<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Kurs: </strong>Kandidatuppsats i marknadsföring, EFO 225</p><p><strong>Handledare:</strong> Angelina Sundström</p><p><strong>Problem: </strong>Hur kan svenska Science Parks genom internationella relationer utveckla sina processer och tjänster för att bättre stödja kunskapsutbyte och kommersialisering av innovationer?</p><p><strong>Syfte: </strong>Syftet med denna studie är att <em>beskriva</em> Mjärdevi Science Parks internationella arbete ur ett marknadsföringsperspektiv.</p><p><strong>Metod: </strong>Kvalitativ fallstudie.</p><p><strong>Slutsatser: </strong>Mjärdevi Science Park arbetar internationellt för att främja regional tillväxt. Genom regional tillväxt bidrar man även till att öka Sveriges tillväxt och konkurrenskraft. Parkens motor och drivkraft är entreprenörerna och företagarna. Mjärdevi samarbetar och är engagerad i den globala organisationen IASP, Science Parks i andra länder, Exportrådet, företag och ambassader. Fallföretaget etablerar nya relationer främst genom sitt redan existerande internationella nätverk. Relationerna utvecklas genom att skapa aktiviteter som är ömsesidigt värdeskapande för parkerna, regionerna och företagen. Parkens styrelse har haft en uttalad nätverksbaserad strategi och handlingsplan som även inkluderat det globala perspektivet. Denna studie har visat att Mjärdevis strategiska och operativa arbete till stor del bygger på nätverksfilosofin. I sitt nätverk arbetar Mjärdevi både med att sprida operativ kunskap och att skapa erfarenhetsbaserad kunskap inom ramen för dessa aktiviteter.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Nyckelord:</strong> science parks, innovationssystem, innovation, internationell, internationalisering, globalisering, samarbete, samverkan, relationer, relationsmarknadsföring, utbyte, företagsnätverk, affärsnätverk.</p> / <p><strong>Title</strong>: International Relations in Innovative Environments - a Case Study of Mjärdevi Science Park's international work</p><p><strong>Author:</strong> Sergio Quiñones</p><p><strong>Address:</strong> Skrinnarvägen 7, 633 59 Eskilstuna, Sweden | sergio.quinones@gmx.com</p><p><strong>Course:</strong> Bachelor Thesis in Marketing (EFO 225)</p><p><strong>Tutor:</strong> Angelina Sundström</p><p><strong>Problem:</strong> How can the Swedish Science Parks through international relations develop their processes and services to better support knowledge sharing and commercialization of innovations?</p><p><strong>Purpose:</strong> The purpose of this study is to describe Mjärdevi Science Park's international work from a marketing perspective.</p><p><strong>Method:</strong> Qualitative Case Study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Mjärdevi Science Park works internationally to promote regional growth. The regional growth also contributes to Sweden's growth and competitiveness. The Parks engine and driving force are its entrepreneurs and businesses. Mjärdevi cooperates with the global organization IASP, Science Parks in other countries, the Swedish Trade Council, businesses and embassies. The case company establishes new relationships primarily through its existing international network. Relationships are developed by creating activities that are of mutual value creation for parks, regions and companies. The board of Mjärdevi Science Park has had an explicit network-based strategy and action plan that also included the global perspective. This study has shown that Mjärdevis strategic and operational work is based mainly on the network philosophy. Mjärdevi uses its network both to disseminate operational knowledge and to create experience-based knowledge within the framework of these activities.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>science parks, innovation systems, innovation, international, globalization, cooperation, collaboration, relations, relationship marketing, exchange, business networks.</p>

<p>The main purpose of the examination research project is to analyze and describe how democracy and globalization is understood when they are integrated in the developing country of Kenya. This has been reflected by interviewing Kenyan teachers in history and government, to receive their view on globalization and its affects on democracy. Another purpose is to discuss this in didactic terms as a way to see how it can be practically used for upper-secondary schoolteachers in the subjects of civics and social studies. The procedure of the project and the method of use are interviews that have been analyzed in all with theoretical perspectives. My queries to be answered for the research are:</p><p>1. Is it understood that democracy in Kenya has changed due to globalization?</p><p>2. If the answer says yes on the previous question, in what way is it understood how the democratic situation has been transformed due to globalization?</p><p>3. How can the outcome of the previous questions be used in tuition of civics and social studies?</p><p><strong><p> </p></strong></p><p> </p><p>My conclusions are that the Kenyan democracy has been vastly affected by globalization. Globalization has erased borders and facilitated control in the political scene of Kenya that has conveyed democratic ballot votes and democratic citizens. Leverages from the surrounding world, as a result of globalization, have also contributed to a continuing development of democracy in Kenya. Globalization works as a defender of democracy.</p><p>In didactic terms one can put the western view in contrast with the African view that gives an awareness of the main ideas of both parts. This way of building bridges works as a part of the democracy and globalization conundrum and assists to partly eradicate ethnocentrism.</p><p> </p>

Titel: Internationella relationer i innovativa miljöer – en fallstudie av Mjärdevi Science Parks internationella arbete Författare: Sergio Quiñones Adress: Skrinnarvägen 7, 633 59 Eskilstuna | sergio.quinones@gmx.com Kurs: Kandidatuppsats i marknadsföring, EFO 225 Handledare: Angelina Sundström Problem: Hur kan svenska Science Parks genom internationella relationer utveckla sina processer och tjänster för att bättre stödja kunskapsutbyte och kommersialisering av innovationer? Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva Mjärdevi Science Parks internationella arbete ur ett marknadsföringsperspektiv. Metod: Kvalitativ fallstudie. Slutsatser: Mjärdevi Science Park arbetar internationellt för att främja regional tillväxt. Genom regional tillväxt bidrar man även till att öka Sveriges tillväxt och konkurrenskraft. Parkens motor och drivkraft är entreprenörerna och företagarna. Mjärdevi samarbetar och är engagerad i den globala organisationen IASP, Science Parks i andra länder, Exportrådet, företag och ambassader. Fallföretaget etablerar nya relationer främst genom sitt redan existerande internationella nätverk. Relationerna utvecklas genom att skapa aktiviteter som är ömsesidigt värdeskapande för parkerna, regionerna och företagen. Parkens styrelse har haft en uttalad nätverksbaserad strategi och handlingsplan som även inkluderat det globala perspektivet. Denna studie har visat att Mjärdevis strategiska och operativa arbete till stor del bygger på nätverksfilosofin. I sitt nätverk arbetar Mjärdevi både med att sprida operativ kunskap och att skapa erfarenhetsbaserad kunskap inom ramen för dessa aktiviteter. Nyckelord: science parks, innovationssystem, innovation, internationell, internationalisering, globalisering, samarbete, samverkan, relationer, relationsmarknadsföring, utbyte, företagsnätverk, affärsnätverk. / Title: International Relations in Innovative Environments - a Case Study of Mjärdevi Science Park's international work Author: Sergio Quiñones Address: Skrinnarvägen 7, 633 59 Eskilstuna, Sweden | sergio.quinones@gmx.com Course: Bachelor Thesis in Marketing (EFO 225) Tutor: Angelina Sundström Problem: How can the Swedish Science Parks through international relations develop their processes and services to better support knowledge sharing and commercialization of innovations? Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe Mjärdevi Science Park's international work from a marketing perspective. Method: Qualitative Case Study. Conclusions: Mjärdevi Science Park works internationally to promote regional growth. The regional growth also contributes to Sweden's growth and competitiveness. The Parks engine and driving force are its entrepreneurs and businesses. Mjärdevi cooperates with the global organization IASP, Science Parks in other countries, the Swedish Trade Council, businesses and embassies. The case company establishes new relationships primarily through its existing international network. Relationships are developed by creating activities that are of mutual value creation for parks, regions and companies. The board of Mjärdevi Science Park has had an explicit network-based strategy and action plan that also included the global perspective. This study has shown that Mjärdevis strategic and operational work is based mainly on the network philosophy. Mjärdevi uses its network both to disseminate operational knowledge and to create experience-based knowledge within the framework of these activities. Keywords: science parks, innovation systems, innovation, international, globalization, cooperation, collaboration, relations, relationship marketing, exchange, business networks.

The main purpose of the examination research project is to analyze and describe how democracy and globalization is understood when they are integrated in the developing country of Kenya. This has been reflected by interviewing Kenyan teachers in history and government, to receive their view on globalization and its affects on democracy. Another purpose is to discuss this in didactic terms as a way to see how it can be practically used for upper-secondary schoolteachers in the subjects of civics and social studies. The procedure of the project and the method of use are interviews that have been analyzed in all with theoretical perspectives. My queries to be answered for the research are: 1. Is it understood that democracy in Kenya has changed due to globalization? 2. If the answer says yes on the previous question, in what way is it understood how the democratic situation has been transformed due to globalization? 3. How can the outcome of the previous questions be used in tuition of civics and social studies?     My conclusions are that the Kenyan democracy has been vastly affected by globalization. Globalization has erased borders and facilitated control in the political scene of Kenya that has conveyed democratic ballot votes and democratic citizens. Leverages from the surrounding world, as a result of globalization, have also contributed to a continuing development of democracy in Kenya. Globalization works as a defender of democracy. In didactic terms one can put the western view in contrast with the African view that gives an awareness of the main ideas of both parts. This way of building bridges works as a part of the democracy and globalization conundrum and assists to partly eradicate ethnocentrism.

Vilken roll har den kulturella globaliseringen på visuell design i tidningsbranschen? Medier är i konstant rörelse och världen har blivit ett öppet kulturellt utrymme där olika kulturer kan förmedlas via medier. Företag globaliserar sin verksamhet vilket gör att kulturella produkter som Coca-Cola och Nike är välkända runt om i världen. Samtidigt diskuteras de konsekvenser som globaliseringen av kulturella produkter kan ha på världen och om detta leder till homogenisering eller hybridisering av kultur. Kvinnomagasinet Cosmopolitan är ett globalt varumärke som existerar i över 100 länder. Den fråga som uppstår är om en stark kulturell produkt som Cosmopolitan har satt en standard för andra kvinnomagasins estetiska uttryck i andra länder. Vilka likheter och skillnader finns det i den visuella designen mellan det amerikanska kvinnomagasinet och populära kvinnomagasin i andra länder? I denna studie analyserades den visuella designen på populära kvinnomagasins omslag i Brasilien, Förenade Arabemiraten, Indien, Thailand, Tjeckien och USA under året 2012 och urvalet av länder baserades på religiös tillhörighet i de olika länderna. Eftersom religion är intimt förknippat med kultur var detta ett effektivt sätt i ett försök att få material som representerade olika kulturer i världen. Genom att använda både en kvantitativ och kvalitativ innehållsanalys kunde flera olika delar av materialet analyseras på olika nivåer. Resultatet av vår undersökning visade att det finns en variation av både likheter och skillnader i den visuella designen på kvinnomagasinens omslag. Med hjälp av teorier i kultur och globalisering gick det att se att både homogenisering och hybridisering av kultur är aktuellt inom tidningsbranschen, då det verkar finnas en viss standardisering av visuell design, samtidigt som det finns en blandning av kulturella referenser. Studien visar att kulturell globalisering kan påverka den visuella designen på kulturella produkter på olika sätt och öppnar upp för intressant vidare forskning inom ämnen som kulturell globalisering, homogenisering och hybridisering av kultur samt hur kulturella estetiska uttryck kan ta form i olika kulturer. / What role does cultural globalization have regarding visual design in the magazine industry? The media is in constant motion and the world has become a more open cultural space where different cultures can be communicated through media. Companies globalize their business, which makes cultural products like Coca-Cola and Nike well known all around the world. There are discussions about the implications that globalization of cultural products will have on the world and if this might lead to homogenization or hybridization of culture. The women's magazine Cosmopolitan is a global brand that exists in over a 100 countries. The question that arises is whether a strong cultural product that Cosmopolitan is setting a standard forwomen’s magazines in other countries regarding their aesthetic expressions. What kind of similarities and differences are there in the visual design of the American women's magazine and popular women's magazines in other countries? This study analyzed the visual design on covers of popular women’s magazines in Brazil, United Arab Emirates, India, Thailand, the CzechRepublic and the United States over the year 2012. The selection of countries was based on religious affiliation in the different countries and since religion is closely related to culture, this was an effective way in an attempt to access material that represented different cultures in the world. By using both a quantitative and qualitative content analysis, several different parts of the material could be analyzed on different levels. The results of our study showed that there are a variety of both similarities and differences in the visual design of women's magazines covers. Using theories about culture and globalization made it possible to see that both homogenization and hybridization of culture is current in the magazine industry. There seems to be some kind of standardization of visual design but at the same time, there is also a mix of cultural references on the covers. The study shows that cultural globalization can affect the visual design of cultural products in different ways and opens up for interesting topics in further research, such as cultural globalization, homogenization and hybridization of culture and how cultural aesthetic expressions takes shape in various cultures.

Place, culture, identity: A critical discourse analysis of media representations in Västerbotten The aim of this thesis is to analyse how representations in newspaper media constructs and reconstructs conceptions of place, culture and identity in the county of Västerbotten located in northern Sweden. The study is based on 26 different newspaper articles from two local agencies located in Västerbotten, Folkbladet and Västerbottens-kuriren. Adopting the method Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this paper explores how differentiation is made through the use of language and how media divides and represents different characteristics as symbolic of the municipality Umeå, the hinterland (inlandet) and the county of Västerbotten. Even though the study shows that there are multiple different opinions regarding the "true" culture and identitity of the different spaces, the study reveals the presence of a political neoliberal agenda that aims to redefine the locals idea of culture in the different communities for marketing purposes. It is found that media representations are influenced by a political attempt to present the geographical spaces as a part of a new and exotic cultural centre in Europe, wherefor the articles reflect an ongoing conflict of definition between locals and politicians in Västerbotten.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilken affärsmodell som born globals använder vid internationalisering och vilka faktorer som påverkar valet av modell. Studien har använt sig av en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och har genomförts som en fallstudie. Vidare utgörs studien av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Studien kommer fram till att born globals vid internationalisering har en affärsmodell som är freemium och att det resursbaserade synsättet samt bransch är viktiga bakomliggande faktorer till valet av affärsmodell. Faktorerna globalisering och entrepenören har mindre direkt påverkan medan nätverk endast har en begränsad påverkan i valet av affärsmodell för born globals vid internationalisering. / The purpose of this study is to examine the business model that Born Globals use during their internationalization, and the factors that influence the choice of model. The study has used a qualitative research method and has been implemented as a case study. Furthermore, the study consists of semi-structured interviews. The study concluded that the internationalization of born globals has a freemium business model, and that the resource-based approach, and industry are important factors behind the choice of business model. Less direct impact has globalization and entrepreneur while networks have only a limited impact on the choice of business model for internationalization of born globals.

Abstract Bachelor thesis in political science by Alexander Hassan, autumn 2008, “Effects of external factors on a nations democratisation process during the transition from authoritarian to electoral democratic rule – A categorical analysis” Supervisor: Tomas Sedelius In recent years globalization has become a hot topic in understanding the world we live in today. Globalization has indeed had a great impact on international relations and with it a great influence on the domestic conditions that determine a nation’s possibilities. It is therefore rational to hold true that this also would apply to a nation’s democratic process. This basic notion is what lies as a foundation for the thesis, where the purpose of the study is to examine the relatively new field of the international context and its significance on democratisation. The aim of the study is to examine and determine, through a categorical analysis, the different forms and roles that the external factors can take during the process leading up to the transition and implementation of an electoral democracy, the most basic form of democracy. The thesis thus has demanded the study and infusion of all discourses within the field of democratisation processes, as the only way to produce the roles and forms of the international contexts impact on the domestic process is through the study and determination of the different domestic spheres associated with the process. The different forms of external influences have been studied within the confines of the third wave of democracy, and their roles in the democratic process determined depending on the respective domestic spheres they affect. The significant result of the studies where chiefly that all forms of external influence have the possibility to affect the democratisation process indirectly as well as directly. Where direct influence is exerted within the political sphere of the nation; where the actual transition takes place, and the indirect influence is exerted through the socio-economical and cultural sphere; which exerts its influence in the process through the political sphere.  The results thus show that it is hard to draw the conclusion that an indirect form of influence would be superior to the direct approach or vice versa, as both are prevalent in successful democratic transitions.

Large corporations have come to play a central role in today’s society. By analyzing how corporations describe their work with Corporate Social Responsibility, CSR, my aim is to review how they view and relate to this role. CSR means that a corporation voluntarily takes a civic responsibility beyond that which is required by law. This can be in order to promote human rights, basic workers rights and a better environment, as well as fighting corruption. In order to get at the role played by CSR, I have studied texts dealing with the subject, which have been published on the internet by the five largest Swedish corporations. The texts have been analyzed with a critical discourse analysis model inspired by Norman Fairclough. This means that the texts are analyzed linguistically, that discourses are identified, and that social theories about globalization, protest movements and brand name marketing are used. The corporations base their texts on a public debate regarding a potential conflict betweengenerating largest possible profit and taking a corporate social responsibility. One side of the debate is represented by a neo-liberal market discourse, which places profit first, and the other by a social justice discourse, which places responsibility first. Together, these two discourses form key components in a particular discourse about CSR, which I have chosen to call a CSR-discourse. Finally, the result of the study is problemized by putting it in contexts which dominate our world today. Hereby, risks with the corporations’ way of handling CSR are brought to light in a democratic perspective. The corporations describe how they, through CSR, want to safeguard all that which they believe is good, but that this at the same time must bring the company profit. Nowhere in these texts do the corporations come near answering the fundamental question of for whom it is most important to live up to the values of CSR. The question is therefore; who benefits from today’s CSR?