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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1091

Hegel e a formação para a liberdade

Silva, Matheus Pelegrino da January 2010 (has links)
A presente dissertação analisa o modo como Hegel concebe e defende um modelo de formação do indivíduo para a liberdade. Com tal propósito em vista, a dialética do senhor e do escravo é analisada, inicialmente em um estudo sobre as circunstâncias em que tal situação ocorre, e, posteriormente, com o propósito de apontar de que modo este tema da filosofia hegeliana contribui para a caracterização de sua perspectiva no que diz respeito à questão da formação de um indivíduo livre. Em um segundo estágio, são apresentadas as diferentes instâncias pelas quais passa o indivíduo em seu percurso de formação, e é analisado em que medida tais instâncias cumprem os objetivos a elas atribuídos. Nesse contexto, o trabalho é objeto de especial atenção, sendo apresentado como meio de libertar o indivíduo de suas necessidades. São expostas as relações existentes entre as necessidades e os meios para a satisfação das mesmas, assim como um dos impedimentos à satisfação das necessidades, a pobreza. Em seguida, as soluções propostas por Hegel são apresentadas, e igualmente o são as críticas que lhe podem ser interpostas. Como desenvolvimento subseqüente, estuda-se o surgimento da plebe como resultado da pobreza, e, vinculado a este tema, como seria possível combater o comportamento egoísta que se apresenta tanto entre os membros da plebe quanto entre os membros de diferentes grupos da sociedade. Também são avaliados os motivos apresentados para justificar a punição dos criminosos e a possibilidade de que a punição esteja vinculada à formação do indivíduo para a liberdade. Por fim, na conclusão são reunidos os resultados parciais para elaborar uma análise conjunta do projeto de Hegel e igualmente da cogência dos argumentos que o apóiam. / The present dissertation analyzes how Hegel conceives and defends a model of formation for freedom of the individual. Taking this purpose in view, the master-slave dialectic is analyzed, initially in a study about the circumstances in which this situation takes place, and, posteriorly, with the purpose of pointing out how this issue of Hegelian’s philosophy contributes for a characterization of his perspective regarding the question of the formation of a free individual. In a second stage, are presented the many instances through which the individual goes in his or her journey of formation, and it is analyzed in which extent such instances fulfill the objectives ascribed to them. In this context, the work is an object of especial attention, being presented as a means of freeing the individual from his or her needs. The existing relations between the needs and the means for satisfying them are exposed, as well as one of the impediments to the satisfaction of the needs, poverty. On the sequence, the solutions proposed by Hegel are presented, as well as the critiques that can be interposed to them. As a subsequent development, the emergence of the rabble, as a result of poverty, is studied, and, connected to this issue, how it would be possible to fight the selfish behavior that is presented either in the members of the rabble or in the members of the many groups of the society. Also the reasons presented in order to justify the punishment of the criminals are evaluated, as well as the possibility that the punishment is bonded to a formation of the individual for freedom. At last, in the conclusion the partial results are assembled, in order to elaborate a complete analysis of Hegel’s project, as well as of the cogency of the arguments that support it.
1092

Exploring The Development of Social Responses in Children with Callous and Unemotional Traits: An Examination of The Impact of Hypothesized Reinforcing and Aversive Stimuli

Maharaj, Andre 28 March 2014 (has links)
Callous and unemotional (CU) traits in children with conduct problems have been indicated as precursors to adult psychopathy. The analysis of the sensitivity to rewards and punishment in this population may be useful in the identification of effective behavior modification programs and particularly the delineation of ineffective punishment procedures. Scores on the Child Psychopathy Scale, Inventory of Callous and Unemotional Traits, Contingency Response Rating Scale and the Sensitivity to Reward Sensitivity to Punishment – Children Revised scale were used to evaluate 20 children, aged 7-13, recruited from FIU’s Center for Children and Families. The sample comprised 14 males and 6 females displaying a range of psychopathic traits measured by the CPS, with scores from 9 to 46 (M = 28.45, SD = 10.73). Sensitivity to punishment was examined using a behavioral task in which children endured various amounts of either white noise (type I punishment) or time-out from positive reinforcement (type II punishment) in order to gain access to a demonstrated reinforcer. The sample was stratified on the basis of the magnitude of psychopathy scores, and sensitivity to rewards and punishment were evaluated using a Behavioral Activation / Behavioral Inhibition framework by examining task performance: the frequency and duration of punishment conditions selected, electrodermal activity (skin conductance response), and parent-reported measures of child sensitivity to reward and punishment. Results indicated that the magnitude of CU traits was directly proportional to hyposensitivity to punishment and hypersensitivity to reward. Children with elevated levels of CU traits elected to endure a greater frequency and duration type I punishment in order to maintain continued access to the reinforcer. Significant differences were not found between high- and low-psychopathy children in the selection of type II punishment. The findings indicate that although there may be a hyporeactivity to type I punishment in children with CU traits, the use of a type II punishment by the removal of a positive stimulus has demonstrated treatment efficacy. The difference in sensitivity to rewards and the types of effective punishment in children with CU traits may affect reinforcement based learning, leading to the ineffectiveness of traditional methods informing the development of social responses.
1093

Etické aspekty otcovství / Ethical apects of fatherhood.

ČECHOVÁ, Lenka January 2009 (has links)
The work deals with the theme of faterhood from a historical, sociological, psychological and ethical perspective. The importance of the father in child care is defined as the general terms and in terms of specific developmental stages of the child and his female or male sex. The central part of the work consists of the basic characteristics of the ethical aspects that should be applied when the father is caring the child. Final summary is devoted to issue of gay fathers and the dilemma, which is associated with the possiblity to enable them to educate children.
1094

AIDS {--} NEMOC NEBO BOŽÍ TREST? / AIDS - a Disease or God´s Punishment?

VOBORNÍKOVÁ, Daniela January 2010 (has links)
Present work deals with the solution of the strain between Jewish-Christian picture of good and loving God and a tragic reality of AIDS phenomenon. The work looks for answers to questions such as: Is a human being able to influence their health by an ethical way of life? To what extend are we responsible for our diseases and difficulties? Is a disease God´s punishment?{\crqq} What is (can be) the sense of a disease? How can we explain the suffering of the innocent? The work looks for the connections between a disease and a sin, between AIDS and an immoral life. The work presents the HIV/AIDS issue as a phenomenon concerning all people without a difference. It solves if it is possible to perceive AIDS as a kind of God punishment for sinful and immoral behaviour of people, as a consequence of structural maleficence or a personal carelessness of a human person. It points out the methods of primary prevention and reminds the task of a Christian to bring Christian values into a human society. The way out is found in the change of thinking and behaviour of people: in the appreciation and acquirement of ethical demands and opening to God blessing for the assumption of belief.
1095

Les droits de l’enfant face aux punitions corporelles dans la famille / Children’s rights and corporal punishment in the family / Derechos de los niños y castigo físico en la familia

Tobón Berrio, Luz Estela 13 December 2017 (has links)
L’objectif de cette recherche est d’appréhender les punitions corporelles en tant que phénomène éducatif au regard des droits des enfants à partir des représentations sociales des parents ordinaires. L’étude a impliqué des mères et pères de familles biparentales, sans risque économique, habitant la ville de Barranquilla en Colombie. La démarche s’inscrit dans une perspective pluridisciplinaire combinant l’éducation familiale, la théorie des représentations sociales issue de la psychologie sociale et les études sur la conscience du droit, issues de la sociologie juridique (Legal Consciousness Studies - LCS). Le recueil de données a été réalisé avec deux instruments : le réseau d’associations et l’entretien semi-directif. Le premier permet de recueillir les mots évoqués de façon spontanée à partir d’un terme inducteur et d’atteindre la construction du contexte sémantique de la représentation. L’analyse prototypique des réseaux avec le logiciel EVOC 2003 a permis d’explorer la structure représentationnelle. Cinq objets de représentations ont été examinés pour la caractérisation de son contenu et de sa structure : Punitions-récompenses, Droits de l’enfant, Autorité des pères et mères, Éducation dans la famille, Garçons-Filles. Cette approche a contribué à une compréhension approfondie du phénomène des punitions corporelles du point de vue des acteurs. L’analyse des entretiens a été faite avec le logiciel Atlas.ti en s’appuyant sur les catégories conceptualisantes. Cette analyse permet d’approfondir la connaissance des éléments représentationnels et leur relation avec la narration du quotidien par les parents. Les récits obtenus décrivent la reconstruction par les participants des discours issus de la tradition, du champ juridique et du champ savant, trois discours qui sont intégrés dans le réseau de la pensée sociale. L’examen de la reformulation du discours juridique et de la représentation sociale des droits des enfants ouvrent la voie à la compréhension de la construction par les parents ordinaires d’une légalité particulière. / The research aimed to characterize corporal punishment as an educational phenomenon in tension with the rights of the children, from the social representations of ordinary parents. The study included parents from bi-parental families, excluding the population in economic risk, living in Colombia. The approach involved a multidisciplinary perspective -family education, theory of social representations and legal consciousness studies (LCS)-. The gathering of data is performed with two instruments: the associations networks and semi-structured interviews. The first one allows to reach the construction of the semantic context of the representation. The prototypical analysis of networks made with the EVOC 2003 software led to the exploration of the representational structure. Five objects of representation were examined for the characterization of their content and structure: Punishments-rewards, Children’s rights, Parental authority, Family education, Boys-girls. This approach searched for a deep understanding of the phenomenon of corporal punishment from the point of view of the actors. The treatment of the interviews by the Atlas.ti software was made using conceptualizing categories. This analysis allowed deepening the knowledge of representational elements and their link with stories of everyday life from the parents. The obtained narratives exposed the participants' reconstruction of the discourses emerging from tradition, the legal field, and the learned field; which would be integrated to the social thought network. The examination of the reformulation of the legal discourse and the social representation of children’s rights opens the way to understanding the construction of special legality by the parents on a daily basis. / La investigación tuvo por objetivo caracterizar el castigo físico en tanto fenómeno educativo en tensión con los derechos de los niños desde las representaciones sociales de los padres ordinarios. El estudio se desarrolló en Colombia con madres y padres de familias biparentales. Éste se inscribe en una perspectiva multidisciplinaria - educación familiar, teoría de las representaciones sociales y estudios de la consciencia del derecho -. La recolección de los datos se realizó a través de dos instrumentos: las redes de asociaciones y las entrevistas semi-estructuradas. El primero permite alcanzar la construcción del contexto semántico de la representación. El análisis prototípico de las redes con el software EVOC 2003 conduce a explorar la estructura representacional. Cinco objetos de representaciones fueron examinados para la caracterización de su contenido y estructura: Castigos- premios, Derechos de los niños, Autoridad de los padres y madres, Educación en la familia, Niños-niñas. Esta aproximación busca la comprensión del castigo físico desde la perspectiva de los actores. El tratamiento de las entrevistas en el software Atlas.ti se realizó con la ayuda de categorías conceptualisantes. Dicho análisis permite acceder al conocimiento de los elementos representacionales y su relación con las narrativas acerca del cotidiano de los padres. Los relatos recogidos exponen la reconstrucción realizada por los participantes de los discursos emergentes de la tradición, el campo jurídico y de origen experto, los cuales estarían integrados en la red de pensamiento social. El examen de la reformulación del discurso jurídico y la representación social de los derechos de los niños abre la vía a la comprensión de la legalidad particular construida por los padres en el cotidiano.
1096

Hegel e a formação para a liberdade

Silva, Matheus Pelegrino da January 2010 (has links)
A presente dissertação analisa o modo como Hegel concebe e defende um modelo de formação do indivíduo para a liberdade. Com tal propósito em vista, a dialética do senhor e do escravo é analisada, inicialmente em um estudo sobre as circunstâncias em que tal situação ocorre, e, posteriormente, com o propósito de apontar de que modo este tema da filosofia hegeliana contribui para a caracterização de sua perspectiva no que diz respeito à questão da formação de um indivíduo livre. Em um segundo estágio, são apresentadas as diferentes instâncias pelas quais passa o indivíduo em seu percurso de formação, e é analisado em que medida tais instâncias cumprem os objetivos a elas atribuídos. Nesse contexto, o trabalho é objeto de especial atenção, sendo apresentado como meio de libertar o indivíduo de suas necessidades. São expostas as relações existentes entre as necessidades e os meios para a satisfação das mesmas, assim como um dos impedimentos à satisfação das necessidades, a pobreza. Em seguida, as soluções propostas por Hegel são apresentadas, e igualmente o são as críticas que lhe podem ser interpostas. Como desenvolvimento subseqüente, estuda-se o surgimento da plebe como resultado da pobreza, e, vinculado a este tema, como seria possível combater o comportamento egoísta que se apresenta tanto entre os membros da plebe quanto entre os membros de diferentes grupos da sociedade. Também são avaliados os motivos apresentados para justificar a punição dos criminosos e a possibilidade de que a punição esteja vinculada à formação do indivíduo para a liberdade. Por fim, na conclusão são reunidos os resultados parciais para elaborar uma análise conjunta do projeto de Hegel e igualmente da cogência dos argumentos que o apóiam. / The present dissertation analyzes how Hegel conceives and defends a model of formation for freedom of the individual. Taking this purpose in view, the master-slave dialectic is analyzed, initially in a study about the circumstances in which this situation takes place, and, posteriorly, with the purpose of pointing out how this issue of Hegelian’s philosophy contributes for a characterization of his perspective regarding the question of the formation of a free individual. In a second stage, are presented the many instances through which the individual goes in his or her journey of formation, and it is analyzed in which extent such instances fulfill the objectives ascribed to them. In this context, the work is an object of especial attention, being presented as a means of freeing the individual from his or her needs. The existing relations between the needs and the means for satisfying them are exposed, as well as one of the impediments to the satisfaction of the needs, poverty. On the sequence, the solutions proposed by Hegel are presented, as well as the critiques that can be interposed to them. As a subsequent development, the emergence of the rabble, as a result of poverty, is studied, and, connected to this issue, how it would be possible to fight the selfish behavior that is presented either in the members of the rabble or in the members of the many groups of the society. Also the reasons presented in order to justify the punishment of the criminals are evaluated, as well as the possibility that the punishment is bonded to a formation of the individual for freedom. At last, in the conclusion the partial results are assembled, in order to elaborate a complete analysis of Hegel’s project, as well as of the cogency of the arguments that support it.
1097

Administrativização do direito penal brasileiro com a lei de improbidade empresarial

Sodré, Edyleno Ítalo Santos 24 February 2016 (has links)
This construction presents, from critical analysis, the current situation of contemporary criminal law and its expansionist trend against the fundamental rights and “Garantista System”, adopted by the Brazilian Constitution. In addition, it addresses the subject titled as criminal law Classic Crisis in the situation of what has been reported in the news media, such as increased crime in Brazil, as regards, primarily, the police and investigative operations of repression of acts corruption, money laundering and other illegal at the expense of public and social property. Finally, it points out that one of the alternatives chosen for the criminal law in order to make it faster for some offenses involving major repercussions, is to approach it from sanctioning administrative law, giving it peculiar characteristics of this branch of law, albeit with sacrifice the principles and basic rules of criminal science. So one of the solutions found by the Legislature before the intense social movement scene in the mid-year 2013, was the ordinary Federal Law 12,846 of 2013 (to combat corporate corruption). This, that joining odutros legislation, can function as an alternative in order to have the sanctioning administrative law and, given the rigidity of Garantista System of the Federal Constitution, become the most effective state in illicit pursuit causing huge losses to the public. / Esta construção apresenta, a partir de análise crítica, a atual situação do direito penal contemporâneo e sua tendência expansionista frente aos direitos fundamentais e ao “Sistema Garantista”, adotado pela Constituição Brasileira. Além disso, aborda o tema intitulado como Crise do Direito Penal Clássico dentro da situação, do que tem sido divulgado na mídia jornalística, como aumento da criminalidade no Brasil, no que se refere, precipuamente, a operações policiais e investigativas de repressão a atos de corrupção, lavagem de dinheiro e outros ilícitos, em detrimento do patrimônio público e social. Por fim, aponta que uma das alternativas escolhidas para o direito penal, a fim de torná-lo mais célere para alguns delitos que envolvam grande repercussão, é aproximá-lo do direito administrativo sancionador, conferindo-lhe características peculiares desse ramo do direito, embora com sacrifício a princípios e regras basilares da ciência penal. Assim, uma das soluções encontradas pelo Poder Legislativo, diante do cenário de intensa movimentação social, em meados do ano de 2013, foi a lei federal ordinária 12.846 de 2013 (de combate à improbidade empresarial). Esta, que juntando-se a outros diplomas legais, pode funcionar como alternativa para que se tenha o direito administrativo sancionador e, diante da rigidez do Sistema Garantista da Constituição Federal, tornar o Estado mais eficaz na persecução de ilícitos que causam enormes prejuízos ao erário.
1098

Representações docentes sobre os castigos escolares

Souza, Milena Cristina Aragão Ribeiro de 04 May 2015 (has links)
This Doctoral Thesis was to object school punishment and the objective, set out to investigate the construction of practices and representations ten teachers of the first grades of elementary school, graduated in pedagogy between the decades from 1970 to 2014, about the punishments used in the classroom. The methodological approach used was based on the thematic oral history, supported the works of Alberti (2003); Ferreira and Beloved (2006); and Portelli (2006). The treatment of the interviews was conducted by discursive textual analysis of Roque Moraes (2007). This research is theoretically centered on Pierre Bourdieu, especially the concepts of habitus and field; as well as Roger Chartier, with the concepts of practices, representations and ownership; and other authors able to move through the frames of relationships and socio-cultural tensions; practices and representations of ordinary subjects, interrogating the plurality of daily life, ways of thinking, saying and doing of the subjects that make up the school. Before the appointed path, bring forth the thesis that I advocate in relation to school punishment: the incorporation of punishment in professional teaching practice is intertwined with the history of life, especially with the knowledge learned in childhood (through family and school ) and is naturalized in the actions and having little to do with the training courses, which makes your choice is not based on knowledge and pedagogy knowledge. As a result, it was observed that the teachers surveyed say they use different types of punishment in the classroom, emphasizing the moral punishment, but reported the use of physical punishment in their history of school life as well as in the practice of their colleagues. For them, the punishment has the disciplinary function in the Kantian sense, ie make good citizens for life in society. Said, still believe that the choice of punishments to be used in class is related to the family and school experiences and not to formal learning. The Status of Children and Adolescents was mentioned as an important law, however, was seen in an ambiguous manner, that is, on the one hand positively contributed to cause the decrease in corporal punishment, also damaged the teaching action, in that " removed the authority of the teacher. " The thesis was completed suggesting possibilities of action in view of continuing education in order to deal with the punishment from a pedagogical perspective. I note that investigate the construction of teacher practices and representations on school punishments, culminating in a denaturalization process of a trivial action in the educational universe, allowing thinking ahead possibilities of action to this subject; and stimulates reflection on the importance of maintaining a look at teaching in regard to its social, cultural, historical and subjective, since they are working in mediation and construction of the teaching-learning process. / A presente Tese de Doutorado teve como objeto os castigos escolares e como objetivo, propôs-se investigar a construção de práticas e representações de dez professoras das primeiras séries do ensino fundamental, graduadas em pedagogia entre as décadas de 1970 a 2014, sobre os castigos utilizados em sala de aula. O caminho metodológico utilizado pautouse na História Oral Temática, apoiado nas obras de Alberti (2003); Ferreira e Amado (2006); e Portelli (2006). O tratamento das entrevistas foi realizado através da análise textual discursiva de Roque Moraes (2007). Esta pesquisa está centrada teoricamente em Pierre Bourdieu, em especial nos conceitos de habitus e campo; bem como em Roger Chartier, com os conceitos de práticas, representações e apropriação; além de outros autores capazes de transitar por entre as tramas das relações e tensões socioculturais; das práticas e representações de sujeitos ordinários, interrogando a pluralidade do cotidiano, os modos de pensar, dizer e fazer dos sujeitos que compõe a escola. Diante da trajetória apontada, trago à tona a Tese que defendo em relação aos castigos escolares: a incorporação dos castigos na prática profissional docente se entrelaça com a história de vida, em especial com os saberes aprendidos na infância (por meio da família e da escola), sendo naturalizados nas ações e tendo pouca relação com os cursos de formação, o que faz com que sua escolha não seja com base nos conhecimentos e saberes da pedagogia. Como resultado, foi observado que as docentes investigadas dizem utilizar diferentes tipos de castigos em sala de aula, com ênfase nos castigos morais, porém relataram o uso de castigos físicos em sua história de vida escolar, bem como na prática de suas colegas de trabalho. Para elas, o castigo tem a função de disciplinar no sentido kantiano, ou seja, formar bons cidadãos para vida em sociedade. Afirmaram, ainda, acreditar que a escolha dos castigos a serem utilizados em classe está relacionado às vivências familiares e escolares e não à aprendizagens formais. O Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente foi mencionado como uma importante lei, porém, foi vista de maneira ambígua, isto é, se por um lado contribuiu positivamente por provocar a diminuição dos castigos corporais, também prejudicou a ação docente, na medida em que retirou a autoridade do professor . A Tese foi finalizada sugerindo possibilidades de ação na perspectiva da formação continuada, a fim de lidar com os castigos a partir de um prisma pedagógico. Saliento que investigar a construção das práticas e representações docentes sobre os castigos escolares, culmina num processo de desnaturalização de uma ação corriqueira no universo educacional, permitindo pensar em possibilidades de ação frente a esta temática; bem como estimula a refletir sobre a importância de se manter um olhar para a docência no que concerne a sua dimensão social, cultural, histórica e subjetiva, uma vez que são eles que atuam na mediação e na construção do processo ensino-aprendizagem.
1099

Qual é a medida? Um estudo sobre punição e equidade no julgamento da justiça juvenil / What's the measure? A study on punishment and fairness in the trial of juvenile justice

Santos, Liza Franco Busse Reis dos 12 September 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2016-09-21T19:54:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertação - Liza Franco Busse Reis dos Santos - 2016.pdf: 1799188 bytes, checksum: 365adccd2462ca4ed154acb14d94f1e6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-09-26T11:35:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertação - Liza Franco Busse Reis dos Santos - 2016.pdf: 1799188 bytes, checksum: 365adccd2462ca4ed154acb14d94f1e6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-26T11:35:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertação - Liza Franco Busse Reis dos Santos - 2016.pdf: 1799188 bytes, checksum: 365adccd2462ca4ed154acb14d94f1e6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study is about the production of punishment and the limits and possibilities of a judgment guided by equity in the context of juvenile justice. The field of research is the Court of Childhood and Youth located in Goiânia´s County. This is a qualitative research, carried out through direct observation of informal hearings made by the prosecution and trial hearings, as well as semi-structured interviews with professionals of justice: defenders, prosecutors and magistrate. Pierre Bourdieu and Michel Foucault are central authors for this study; Bourdieu is very useful to think about how juvenile justice is organized, while Foucault contributes to the analysis of discourse. In the case of Bourdieu, the concepts of Illusio (game) and those very close to him, as field / subfield also Nomos and doxa, beyond the habitus, are here mobilized at different intensities; in the case of Foucault, the folds or successive doubles, provided by examination of practices associated with the Standards Branch, are here important. It is understood that the extension of punitive power operated in the folds that focus on the trial of juvenile justice, can only be faced with the combination of social-educational measures and protective measures, a feature that is provided by the legislation. It is analyzed, then, the reality of this possibility that will appeal to a judgment tuned to the perspective of equity. Furthermore, the introduction and the final considerations of this work are busy putting it into dialogue with topics that are on the agenda of contemporary sociopolitical scene: reducing the age of penal majority and punitive resurgence under juvenile law. / O presente estudo reflete sobre a produção da punição e dos limites e possibilidades de um julgamento, pautado pela equidade, no âmbito da justiça juvenil atuante na esfera da socioeducação. O campo da pesquisa é o Juizado da Infância e Juventude da Comarca de Goiânia. Trata-se de uma investigação qualitativa, realizada por meio da observação direta de oitivas informais da promotoria e audiências, e também entrevistas semiestruturadas com profissionais desta justiça: defensores, promotores e magistrada. Pierre Bourdieu e Michel Foucault são autores centrais para este estudo; Bourdieu é de grande valia para pensar a forma como está organizada a justiça juvenil da comarca estudada, enquanto Foucault contribui para a análise dos discursos. No caso de Bourdieu, os conceitos de Illusio (jogo) e aqueles muito próximos dele, como campo/subcampo, também nomos e doxa, além do habitus, são aqui mobilizados em diferentes intensidades; no caso de Foucault, privilegia-se as dobras ou duplos sucessivos, providenciados pelas práticas de exame, associados ao Poder de Normalização. Entende-se que a extensão do poder punitivo, operado nas dobras que incidem sobre o julgamento da justiça juvenil, só pode ser enfrentada por meio da combinação entre medidas socioeducativas e medidas protetivas, recurso este disponibilizado pela legislação que informa esta justiça. Analisa-se, então, a realidade desta possibilidade que vai ao encontro de um julgamento afinado à perspectiva da equidade. Para além disso, a introdução e as considerações finais deste trabalho se ocupam em colocá-lo em diálogo com temas que estão na pauta da cena sociopolítica contemporânea, a redução da maioridade penal e o recrudescimento punitivo no âmbito do direito juvenil.
1100

A punição física de crianças com deficiência mental no ambiente doméstico

Alexandre, Paulo Pinto 19 February 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:40:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo PInto Alexandre.pdf: 1030241 bytes, checksum: 18010072fccf3b2d385e15ec0f34258e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-19 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The objectives of this study were: 1) describes the severe physical punishment and non-severe physical punishment against the children from the age of 0 to 12 years old with clinical diagnosis of mental deficiency in the family environment, in the last 12 months; 2) investigate whether these children's parents suffered any type of severe or non-severe physical punishment in their childhood and adolescence; and 3) whether the parent s severe or nonsevere physical punishment has any association with the physical punishment that they now practice against their children. Based on a traverse-cut study, a sample of 132 families was analyzed and the information given by the children's parents. These children attend a rehabilitation clinic of a private institution in the boundaries of São Paulo city ou in the metropolitan area o São Paulo, in the State of São Paulo. The definition of serious evere physical punishment and non-severe physical punishment against children was accomplished starting from the Brazilian pilot study of the World Studies of Abuse in Family Environments. The definition of severe physical punishment and non-severe physical punishment against the parents was accomplished using the survey questionnaire made by Drª Viviane Nogueira Guerra, researcher of the Child's Laboratory (LACRI) of the Institute of Psychology of USP/SP. The structured questionnaires were applied by trained interviewers. The physical punishment among children with mental deficiency of this sample was frequent: 12,1% had suffered severe physical punishment and 60,6% non- severe physical punishment. The boys tend to be hit more than the girls (OR = 2,1, p = 0,08). Besides, the children of the s who were victims of punishment in their childhood or adolescence have bigger chances to be punished physically than the children of the parents who had not been victims of punishment (OR=1,2; p=0,01). The frequency of physical punishment among children with mental deficiency seems to be as high as among children without deficiency and the transgeracionality becomes clear in this study. Therefore, preventions are necessary. This is to minimize the effects of the physical punishment against the children with deficiency and avoid its repetition, once the rates in this study are high. / Esta pesquisa descreve a punição física grave e não grave contra a criança de 0 a 12 anos de idade com diagnóstico clínico de deficiência mental no ambiente doméstico nos últimos 12 meses. Além disso, serão investigados se os pais destas crianças sofreram algum tipo de punição física grave e não grave em sua infância e adolescência e se isto tem alguma associação com a punição física que pratica atualmente contra seu filho. Com base em um estudo de corte transversal, foi analisada uma amostra de 132 famílias sendo a informação prestada pelos pais das crianças. As crianças da amostra são freqüentadoras de uma clínica de reabilitação de uma instituição privada do Grande ABC, Estado de São Paulo. A definição de punição física grave e não grave contra a criança foi realizada a partir do estudo piloto brasileiro do World Studies of Abuse in Family Enviroments. A definição de punição física grave e não grave contra os informantes foi realizada a partir do questionário de sondagem de autoria da Drª Viviane Nogueira Guerra, pesquisadora do Laboratório da Criança (LACRI) do Instituto de Psicologia da USP/SP. Os questionários estruturados foram aplicados por entrevistadores treinados. A punição física entre criança com deficiência mental desta amostra foi freqüente: 12,1% haviam sofrido punição física grave e 60,6% punição física não grave. Mostrou-se que os meninos tendem a apanhar mais que as meninas (OR = 2,1, p = 0,08). Além disso, filhos de informantes vítimas de punição na infância ou adolescência têm maiores chances de serem punidos fisicamente que filhos de informantes que não haviam sido vítimas de punição (OR=1,2; p=0,01). A freqüência da punição física entre crianças com deficiência mental parece ser tão alta quanto entre crianças sem deficiência e a transgeracionalidade fica clara neste estudo. Assim, fica evidente a necessidade de prevenções para remediar os efeitos da punição física contra a criança com deficiência e evitar a sua repetição, pois as taxas encontradas por esse estudo são altas.

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