良好的品牌都有自己的故事，並且會一直地說著自己的故事。過去研究已證實故事能夠使聽者融入其觀點中，加深聽者的記憶，並在聽者心中產生共鳴。不同的故事主體有其不同的管理意涵，而其在品牌管理之意義為何？本研究依據「國家文化」、「產品品類」與「品牌屬性」三層次探討品牌故事在故事主體選擇上之差異。 本研究使用內容分析法，依據Fortune與Business Week兩個排序之全球百大企業品牌，對其網站「關於我們」(About us)揭露之品牌故事的故事主體進行編碼，並獲得以下結論： 1. 「顧客故事」：能夠觸碰到消費者的情感，增加故事對其相關性與影響力。有形商品會運用顧客故事詮釋消費過程中產生的服務與象徵意義，提升企業對商品無形之承諾；形象品品牌會使用顧客故事給予利益關係人一個明確的使用者形象，增加其使用者聯想與訊息記憶，並提升品牌故事可信度。 2. 「創立者故事」：三個層次構面對創立者故事之使用均有影響力，藉由創立者故事之溝通，低語境溝通文化企業表達其自力自強之品牌人格；功能品品牌企業可強調其在同品類產品中之差異化與功能性；有形商品企業可傳遞其承諾並增加知覺品質。 3. 「品牌代言人故事」：員工故事僅在國家文化構面下有影響力，個人主義國家企業會藉之強調個人之知識與技能；透過名人故事，形象品品牌可建立其品牌形象，在利益關係人記憶中形成長期持久之差異化，有形商品提升無形利益與承諾。 4. 「行銷訊息故事」：低語境溝通文化國家企業會藉由品牌象徵故事作為與利益關係人溝通品牌人格與生活型態之信念。此外，行銷訊息故事的廣泛運用反應品牌經理人面臨在品牌管理上的媒體訊息整合之挑戰。

市場上新奇的產品層出不窮，廠商想盡辦法要對產品添加新奇的屬性來達到差異化，但是真正能夠藉由添加新奇屬性在市場上找到利基的廠商卻是少之又少。問題是否出在消費者在面對與既有基模不一致的新產品時，無法理解和吸收資訊？上述現象引發了研究者的興趣。本研究藉由操弄不同類型的產品和新奇屬性，觀察其所產生的產品不一致性對於消費者的產品再認和產品態度有何影響；同時也探討消費者本身的人格特質-消費者創新性，會不會影響消費者對產品的態度。 以往研究均認為增加產品不一致性可以提高消費者對於產品的回憶和再認，但本研究卻發現，提高產品的不一致性並無法讓人留下較為深刻的印象，因此產品不一致性與再認之間的關係可能仍有待後續研究做進一步的釐清。另外，雖然產品類型和新奇屬性類型無法產生交互作用，並藉由提升產品不一致性來影響產品態度，但是「產品類型」在影響產品不一致性且進而提升產品態度上的確是扮演著重要的角色。其中「功能性商品」不管是搭配上何種類型的新奇屬性，產品態度都顯著高於「享樂性商品」與新奇屬性的搭配。由此可知，如果廠商想要在市場上推出新奇的產品，選擇功能性的商品來切入可能比較有利，而且在操弄產品不一致性時也必須要格外小心，雖然新奇的屬性可以提升消費者對產品的評價，但是新奇性同時也會增加產品的不一致性，一旦產品不一致性過高，反而會造成消費者對於產品的負面觀感。 / There are numerous novel products in the market; consequently marketers have been fighting their way to achieve product differentiation by adding novel attributes to the products, yet it is still rare to see marketers that can actually discover niche by adding novel attributes to products. Does the problem lies in how consumers percept and absorb the information of advertisements? The phenomenon above arouses my curiosity to delve into the relation between product incongruity and consumer evaluations. This study examines what influences product incongruity has on product recognition and product attitude by manipulating different types of products and novel attributes, and the moderating role of consumers’ personality is also examined to see whether consumer innovativeness have effects on product attitude or not. The past researches tend to believe that raising product incongruity is beneficial to enhancing product recall and product recognition. However, the result shows that raising product incongruity is of no help to leave deep impression in the products. Thus the relation between product incongruity and product recognition needs to be further clarified by future researches. Additionally, although product types and novel attributes do not interact to have effects on product incongruity and further boost product attitude, ‘product type’ indeed plays a crucial role on boosting product incongruity and enhancing product attitude. Not only product type leads to positive effects on the products, but consumers are apt to give more positive evaluations to utilitarian product than hedonic product, regardless of what novel attributes the products have. In that case, it seems to be more profitable to choose utilitarian products if marketers want to launch novel merchandise. In spite of the fact that adding novel attributes leads to positive product attitude, novelty also leads to more product incongruity that may undermine consumers’ attitude toward the product. The result seems to suggest that marketers have to be extraordinarily cautious when manipulating product incongruity.

環保意識抬頭使企業面臨揭露環境資訊之壓力，進而發佈環境報告書。由於環境報告書在國內尚處發展階段，企業對其了解不深，使相關同業之經驗分享，尤其重要。 本研究採個案研究法，以個案公司為例，探討其發佈環境報告書之動機、設計與編製過程、相關內容及發佈後之效益。透過實地訪談、數次電話聯絡與書面文件相互比對後，有下列四點發現： 一、個案公司發佈之動機主要受日本母廠感召，並希望藉此達成對內、外之有效溝通、提升公司競爭力與形象，進而追求永續發展。 二、由事務局搭配相關管理機制，設計與編製出涵蓋產品生命週期之環境報告書。 三、報告書之內容從環境管理開始，進入綠色設計、綠色採購、綠色生產與綠色消費；至於環境資訊，有財務與非財務兩種表達方式。 四、發佈後之效益與動機相呼應，表現在公司形象、競爭力之提升與良好溝通上。 / Due to environmental consciousness, the enterprise is faced with the exposition of environmental information, then issues corporate environmental report (CER). However, CER is still in a developing phase domestically, and the enterprise doesn’t understand about it deeply. Thus, sharing in correlative experience of the profession is quite important. This research adopts case study, and takes the case company as the example to probe into the motive of, the design and the establishment process, the correlation content and the benefit of disclosing CER. After comparing with the penetration on the spot interview, the telephone contact and the written document mutually, there are four findings as below: First, the case company was affected by the Japanese Parent factory, and hoped to get up to communicate with its stakeholders effectively, to raise its competitive power and image, and to pursue its sustainable development. Second, the Affair Bureau introduced some management mechanisms into design and establishment process of the CER which covered a product’s life cycle. Third, the content of the report started from the environment management, then the green design, the green purchase, the green production and the green consumption came after; As for the environment information, could be divided into financial and the non-financial two statements. Finally, the benefit of disclosing CER responded to the motive, and displayed in the company’s image, the competitive power promotion of and the good communication.

全球化妝品與美容相關巿場高達2000億美元，該產業並以每年7%速度成長，超出世界ＧＤＰ成長率的兩倍之多，不止是國外廠商搶攻此巿場，本土業者亦在近年來開始注意本產業，然化妝品直接施用於身體，對人體之健康影響不可小覷，當然各國也訂定了許多相關的管理法規，惟不同國家對本產品之態度不盡相同，法令亦各有其特色。本產業在國內的發展亦十分的蓬勃，除了國外的知名品牌之外，眾多本土品牌堀起亦可說是百家爭鳴，但相對的，也產生了許多的問題，特別是在消費者保護的層面，不論是在產品安全或是不實廣告還有標示，皆有許多需要大眾去關切的問題。 論文的第一章為緒論，介紹本篇論文研究動機、目的，研究範圍及方法，並且對全球化妝品產業現況行初步的分析，第二章則對台灣、美國、歐盟及中國的化妝品相關法律規定作分析比較，先簡介各國產業之化妝品法規概況，再整理比較各國化妝品法律規定之異同，介紹新的立法趨勢。第三章將特別討論台灣化妝品產業之消費爭議中產品責任的部份；第四章則討論標示及廣告的議題，並且再介紹化妝品業發展較成熟的歐洲，如何注重研發，並利用智財的策略來提升其競爭力，第五章為結論，綜合前述討論，對台灣的化妝品法規及化妝品產業提出建議及對未來的展望。 　　 論文透過比較各國化妝品法規的方式來了解國內外法律規定的不同，在探討各國對化妝品之定義之後，進一步整理各國化妝品相關之法律規定，檢討其異同並且對各國化妝品法規及管理做初步的檢討，總的來說化妝品法規基本上規範了化妝品的輸入及販賣、製造、抽查及取締及相關罰則，基本上是化妝品製造商、販賣商或進口商最需要重視的法規，然而在規定中，還是有與消費者有直接關係的部份，即是：標籤、仿單及包裝的部份，標籤和仿單是消費者購買商品時，對於該化妝品的成分、用途、用法、保存期限等重要資訊最直接的資訊來源，本論文針對該部份的法律問題行較深的著墨，由於我國本產業有大量的消費者保護爭議，主要兩大問題為產品安全及廣告不實，因此在論文的後半部對於消費者保護法及和廣告相關之法令和公平交易法等法進行探討，並且提出相關案例來對應，由實際案例找出台灣化妝品法規現有的問題。 本研究之最終目的乃是希望為台灣的化妝品相關法規，提供更完善的規範，特別是以能提供給消費者更多保護的角度來發展，期能透過比較各國化妝品相關法規的內容以及現在和未來的趨勢，以做為台灣的參考，並且各種化妝品爭議案例的評析，希望能給政府、消費者或是業者進一步的參考！

隨著時代的進步與網路科技的發達，汽車已經是日常生活的一部分，而大家也愈來愈注重汽車的安全性，從汽車本身的安全性到駕駛人的安全性，甚至是乘坐汽車乘客的安全性都考慮到了，但台灣是自中華民國九十三年六月一日起，才開始實行「小客車附載幼童安全乘坐辦法」，因此才開啟了台灣汽車安全座椅的市場。 隨著品牌在台灣日趨重要，本論文將以研究台灣自創品牌「奇哥」為主要研究的品牌。過去有許多學者對品牌的效應做研究，但大部分是利用產品外顯線索提供的資訊，來探討消費者購買的意願，為求建構更合理且貼近消費者購買行為影響的因素，本論文將藉由研究產品的外在線索－商店形象，及內在線索－消費者的產品知識、品牌態度，來分別探討產品知識、品牌態度與商店形象對消費者購買汽車安全座椅商品滿意度與品牌忠誠度之影響。 / Along with the time progress and internet technology development, the automobile has already become part of daily life. However, everybody also increasingly pays great attention to the automobile security, from automobile itself security to driver's security, even the car passenger's security all to be considered. Taiwan started to implement a new traffic law about considering children’s security from June 1st, 2004, therefore opened the Taiwan auto safety chair market. With “brand” in Taiwan has become more and more important, this research will study the Taiwan homemade brand “Chick” as the main research brand. In the past time, many scholars did the research about brand effect, but majority of them used the information which provided using the product apparent clues, discussed consumers’ intentions for being more reasonable to the consumers’ behavior. This research uses product external clue- store image and the intrinsic clues, such as consumers’ product knowledge and brand attitude to discuss the influence of consumers’ satisfaction and loyalty to the auto safety chair.

鑒於過去文獻可知，由於同一地區內的鄰近住宅擁有相同區位及市場特性，因而不動產價值存在高度相依性。空間相依性的產生往往是因為近鄰區域內的住宅有相似的建築結構（往往在同一個時間所興建），以及享有相同社會服務。由於建商在產品策略決策上會參考同一時間內鄰近競爭個案的產品策略，所以鄰近的新推個案會有相似的建築特徵以及相似的產品訂價。因此新推個案的訂價與鄰近的個案產生相關性，而新推個案訂價的相依性程度也會隨著時間距離遞減。 　　本文的目的在於將空間和時間的相依性最適地納入新推個案的訂價模型。採用582個台北市建商推案樣本進行實證。本研究分別以Moran’s I值和LISA值兩項指數來檢測空間自相關，並且比較傳統OLS迴歸模型、空間落遲模型，以及空間誤差模型三個模型的預測能力。此外，我們以不同的空間和時間的加權矩陣納入空間誤差模型中討論。 　　研究結果顯示，考量空間相依性之空間迴歸模型其解釋能力明顯優於一般傳統迴歸模型。而比起空間統計模型，時空迴歸模型更可以提高估計新推個案訂價的準確性。此外，研究結果亦顯示考慮時空交互影響的時空迴歸模型乃為新推個案訂價的最佳推估模式。 / It is well-known from the literature that the values of real estates are highly dependent on their locational and market characteristics of the buildings in adjacent areas. Spatial dependence mainly derives from factors that buildings at nearby properties have similar structural features (which were often developed at the same time) and often share the same social welfare. As developers in making decisions on product strategy will make reference to the strategy of nearby products of competitive cases which developed during the same time, therefore, within a certain period of time, the adjacent new construction will often have similar construction attributes as well as similar products pricing. Not only the pricing of a new construction is likely to be related to the pricing of adjacent new construction, but also the pricing of a new construction would be prone to autocorrelation decays in accordance with time distance. The aim of this paper is to analyze on how to take this temporal and spatial dependence into account in the pricing model of the new construction in the most appropriate way. We use a database of 582 asking prices of real estate developers in Taipei city. Two indices for measuring spatial autocorrelation are considered including (i) Moran’s I Index and (ii) LISA’s Index. We compared the predictive ability of three models including (i) OLS model, (ii) spatial lag model, and (iii) spatial error model. Moreover, we discussed the different temporal and spatial weight matrices in the spatial error model. According to our research results, we concluded that spatial statistical models obviously perform better than the traditional OLS model. Temporal and spatial statistical models would provide more accurate predictions on the pricing of a new construction than spatial statistical models do. The research result reveals that the best pricing model of the new construction is temporal and spatial statistical models which include temporal and spatial correlation.

產品標準在現今社會中扮演非常重要的角色，但也容易造成許多技術性貿易障礙。醫藥產品由於攸關人類身體的健康及安全，因此相較於其他行業，各國對藥品皆設有許多嚴格的產品標準及技術法規，對藥品的國際貿易產生嚴重的技術性貿易障礙。PIC/S制定共通的GMP標準，並且旨在降低醫藥產品在國際貿易及流通上所面臨的非關稅貿易障礙。台灣藥物食品檢驗局於2007年公告實施PIC/S GMP，預計於2013年開始全面實施。本研究關注的核心議題，主要將以WTO對技術性貿易障礙的主要規範原則，分析探討PIC/S降低醫藥產品技術性貿易障礙的功能。另外，台灣製藥業由於缺乏關鍵技術、藥廠家數眾多、生產規模小，惡性競爭十分激烈，未來實施PIC/S GMP後，對我國製藥業的衝擊不容小覷，因此本研究另一項主要議題是PIC/S GMP對我國製藥業及藥品貿易之可能影響。 / Product standards play an important role in modern societies. However, they also raise many concerns about technical barriers to trade, particularly for pharmaceutical products which must comply with numerous stringent product standards, such as GMP standards. Therefore, PIC/S aims at reducing the technical barriers to pharmaceutical trade by providing a common GMP standard, which the Bureau of Food and Drug Analysis of Taiwan declared to introduce PIC/S GMP in 2007, and to fully enforce in 2013. This study will examine how PIC/S decreases technical barriers to trade for pharmaceutical products with principals in the WTO TBT Agreement. In addition, since Taiwan pharmaceutical industry has low competitiveness for a long time, how PIC/S GMP will affect the pharmaceutical industry and international trade of Taiwan is another main issue of this study.

台灣住宅市場中，單一個案中混合不同面積之產品是常見的現象，但過去研究對此種現象探討仍有不足。本文發展「面積離散度」作為住宅混合現象之量化指標，衡量住宅面積混合所形成之異質性，加以區隔建商「集中」及「分散」之產品策略，並將後者區分高、中、低三種不同離散程度的個案。為了解建商行為模式，研究使用二元及次序性羅吉特模型進行分析，探討不同情況下，建商可能採行的產品策略以及個案面積離散之程度。 研究結果發現區位可及性較高、推案時機為景氣收縮期、成本面積愈大、戶數愈多，則建商採行分散策略的可能性較高，面積離散度亦會較高；而當住宅類型屬於透天、主力坪數與主力總價愈高，則採行分散策略機率較低，面積離散度亦較低，另外，建商是否上市櫃對產品策略或面積離散度均無影響。 關鍵字：住宅面積、面積離散度、產品策略、建商行為

近年，網路商店如雨後春筍般興起，業者想在網路零售市場佔有一席之地並非易事，此種情況持續惡化是由於業者採用低價競爭策略所致，也使得網路商店之間的差異化程度消失殆盡。「體驗經濟」概念，根據顧客的慾望來營造體驗情境，提供業者一個可作為差異化基礎的思考方向。網路提供了多元的方式營造獨特的購物情境，當消費者沉浸於選購產品的樂趣中且內心需求被充分填滿時，將可提升消費者實際購買產品的可能性。 　　由於網際網路和電腦的普及，女性在資訊科技的使用上和以往相較之下已不致於造成太大困難，調查資料亦顯示女性網路購物群族在近幾年有漸增趨勢；除此，家庭中大部分品項的購物決策落在女性手中。基於上述原因，網路商店若想擴大收益，應重視女性市場的發展潛力。本研究關切的課題為網路商店提供何種體驗才能有效地留住女性顧客。 　　本研究以Schmitt之策略體驗模組作為體驗行銷架構，以產品特性為干擾變數，探討體驗行銷模組和顧客保留強度之間的關係。本研究採用網路問卷調查法蒐集樣本資料，並利用階層多元迴歸分析法來驗證整體架構。研究結果顯示，感官體驗、思考體驗、行動體驗和關聯體驗對顧客保留強度具有正向影響，行動體驗之影響程度較微弱，而情感體驗對顧客保留的效果未被確立。在產品特性對體驗行銷模組和顧客保留強度之間關係的干擾效果部分，風險變數的干擾效果未被確立；努力變數對思考體驗和顧客保留之間的關係具有顯著的干擾效果，且是決定女性消費者是否在網路商店購買產品的最關鍵因素。網路商店業者若想成功留住女性顧客，須營造具有啟發性與充滿新資訊的體驗情境，使女性消費者願意付出更多的努力沉浸於該情境中，進而在心境上自然而然地轉移至購物的決定。 / E-stores are springing up quickly for the past decade, making it increasingly difficult for retailers to survive in the Internet retailing market. The situation is worsened by low-price competitive strategy. To online shoppers, the differences among e-stores are shrinking. Facing this difficulty of differentiating themselves, the concept of Experiential Economy seems to come to the rescue for online retailers, because it suggests creating differentiation through offering experiences according to customer desire. Internet is especially promising in the construction of unique shopping environment without incurring high cost. By satisfying the psychological needs of customers, retailers can expect to differentiate themselves and close more deals. 　　Nowadays the use of Internet is equally popular between males and females. Survey data also showed that female online shoppers have increased in recent years. In addition, studies showed household purchasing decisions are largely undertaken by females. To strengthen their market advantage, retailers should pay more attention to female shoppers. Thus the purpose of this study is to examine which types of online experiences help to retain female customers more effectively. 　　The experiential marketing construct of this study is based on Schmitt’s strategic experiential modules (SEMs). This study empirically examines the effects among the experiential marketing modules, product properties, and customer retention intensity. The results show that SENSE, THINK, ACT and SOCIAL modules have positive effects on customer retention. The effect of the ACT module is confirmed, although much weaker, while the effect of the FEEL module is not confirmed. As for the moderating effects of product properties between the experiential marketing modules and customer retention, the result does not confirm the moderating effect of the risk factor of product properties; however, the effort factor in the product properties has significant moderate effect between the THINK module and customer retention. It is very interesting to discover female customers’ experiential preference that is described in the THINK module, because intuitively male customers, rather than female customers, are perceived to exhibit such preference. To retain female customers, online retailers need to construct an experiential condition which is rich in new information and is appealing to consumers’ creative thinking.

本研究以數位相框為例，透過Cronbach’s α信度檢定、Pearson相關分析與單因子變異數分析等統計方法，探討「產品設計」、「消費者購買行為」與「顧客滿意度」、「顧客忠誠度」間之關聯性及影響因素，以期提供未來數位相框業者在產品設計與行銷策略之建議。 　　研究發現，產品設計的三個構面「外觀設計」、「基本功能」及「操作介面」，與消費行為的三個構面「消費動機」、「使用情境」與「未被滿足的需求」呈現顯著正相關，顯示數位相框的產品設計確實會對消費行為產生一定程度之影響。而研究亦發現，產品設計與滿意度及忠誠度呈現顯著正相關，且消費行為與滿意度及忠誠度亦呈現正相關。 / This research takes example of digital photo frame, to explore the relationship and factors that affect product design, consumer behavior, customer satisfaction and customer royalty. It expects to set recommendations of product design and marketing strategy for the digital photo frame makers in the future. The research found, that the three dimensions in Product Design, including appearance design, basic functions, and operational interface are positively relevant to the three dimensions in Consumer Behavior, which are motivation, user scenario, and unsatisfied demand. This means the product design has certain level of affect on the consumer behavior. The research also found that, the product design has significant positive relevance with customer satisfaction and royalty, and the consumer behavior also shows positive relevance with satisfaction and royalty.