The aim of the study is to examine the changes and continuity that have occurred from 1997 to 2017 in how the first wave (1900-1920) and second wave (1960-1980) of the women’s movement for gender equality are portrayed in historical textbooks for upper secondary school. Additionally, it aims to investigate how the portrayals in textbooks relate to the values of the Swedish school curriculum regarding gender quality specifically in the curricula from 1994 and 2011. The research questions intend to investigate how the textbooks describe the women’s movement and which women are depicted in the textbooks. The essay also aims for a comparative analysis of the similarities and differences in conveying a gender equality perspective by comparing the textbooks to the contemporary curriculum. The source material for the study consists of six history textbooks published between 1997 and 2017, with three books published under Lpf94 and remaining three under Gy11. The research method employed is a textual analysis based on Niklas Ammerts typology, which consists of four categories: stating, explaining, reflecting and normative. It is used to categorize the descriptions of the women’s movement. Yvonne Hirdman’s gender system theory is used to analyse the textbooks from a gender perspective. The study concludes that to accurately depict women’s movements and their underlying motivations, individual women must be more prominently included. Despite improvements in Gy11 textbooks aligning with the curriculum, there remains a need to includes narratives of individual women within the movement, for a comprehensive representation of women’s contribution in history.

Mental träning har fått ett tydligare utrymme i skolan och i samhället där organisationer på olika håll påtalar den goda hälsan. Resultat av flera undersökningar visar att elever kan öka sitt välbefinnande och sina skolprestationer genom mentala träningsmetoder. Syftet med studien är att ta reda på vilka begrepp och metoder som kan vara relevanta inom området för mental träning och spänningsreglering inom gymnasiekursen Idrott och Hälsa 1. Studien är uppdelad i två delstudier där delstudie ett är en innehållsanalys som presenterar relevant litteratur. Delstudie två består av flera intervjuer som sedan kopplas samman med den innehållsanalys vi framställt. De båda delstudierna utgör sedan grunden för vårt resultat och analys. Vi presenterar resultat som skildrar hur undervisning inom området mental träning och spänningsreglering uppfattas utifrån ett lärar - respektive elevperspektiv på tre  skolor inom samma kommun. Resultatet tematiseras utifrån följande centrala begrepp, mentala träningsmetoder, motivation, spänningsreglering/avslappning, där vi jämför respondenternas svar emot varandra. Resultatet visar att undervisning inom mental träning är relativt okänt för eleverna medan lärarna menar att den sker kontinuerligt. Slutdiskussionen handlar vidare om hur undervisningen uppfattas och genomförs. / Mental training has been given a bigger space in schools and in society, where organizations in different parts denounce good health. Results of several studies show that students can improve their well-being and their school performance through mental training techniques. The purpose of this study is to find out what concepts and methods that are frequently used and relevant in the area of mental training and stress control within the subject Sports and Health 1. The study was divided into two sub-studies. The first sub-study is an analysis of this thesis literature. Study number two consists of several interviews that is connected with the content analysis we made. The two sub-studies form the basis of our results and analysis. We present results depicting how education in the field of mental training and stress control is perceived by the teacher - or student perspective on the three schools within the same municipality. The result is thematized by the central concepts, mental training techniques, motivation, stress control/relaxation where we also compare respondents’ answers to each other. The result shows that teaching about mental training is relatively unknown to the students while the teachers believe that it is continuously used. The final discussion is on how education is perceived and implemented.

In which purpose, for who and when does equality get fullfilled in the education system? This studie takes aim on the upper level and second upper level school system to study what the curriculum says on the one hand and what the system brings out on the other. With critical theory as method, with Herbert Tingsten as founder, this studie analyzes the logic of the education system to set out if the pupils choice of education, after the upper level lower secondary school, in second upper level is legit with democratic principles such as freedom (of choice). The theory, used to analyze the individuals progress to be autonomous, uses Adam Swifts definition of freedom as an individual being autonomous. The findings of the study shows that what politicians chases as equality really i´snt equality. What sets out be a guarantee in the upper level lower secondary schools official documents, that every student are concerned by the goals of the school, really don’t apply to all students. Equality is withheld, politicians have put forward, when every student gets at least the grade E. This stands against that the grade E as it is graded by the Swedish school department “Skolverket” and so by the teachers in local schools doesn’t reach to the goals outlined in the official documents. Equality as it is defined in earlier studies is partly confirmed by this study, partly redefined as it shows that equality in the education system don’t seem have anything to do with the opportunities or possibilities of the pupils in the school system.

This study deals with the new curriculum GY11 in Swedish and Swedish as a second language, the first course at “Swedish Gymnasium”. The subject is the status and aims of teaching literature and its contents. Eva Hultin’s thesis (2006) Samtalsgenrer i gymnasieskolans litteraturundervisning. En ämnesdidaktisk studie about Swedish and Swedish as a second language in the curriculum before (Lpo94) this new one serves as a frame of my study. I use her concepts of the old curriculum in order to find out whether these are present in the new one or not. To do so I use a qualitative, thematic and textanalytic method. Since there is not much research done on Swedish as a second language as a subject in school I use some of the most common theories about second language acqustion to make my study scientifically relevant and to link my discussion with the readers preunderstanding of it. This study was initiated by my hypothesis, the new Gymnasium as a part of right-wing politician ideas of different education for different purposeses and its reflections in the new curriculums of the subject Swedish. My results show that Swedish as a second language first and foremost is about basic skills in Swedish and not so much about interculture and bringing the students experiences forward for discussions in the classroom when dealing with literature. Or to use Eva Hultins concepts; the formerly known ideal of Swedish as a second language as a democratic and life skills-developing subject has been replacded by a skillorientated concept more to be compared to what students at practical programmes at Swedish Gymnasium traditionally do whereas Swedish still is about cultivation and making students prepared for democratic skills in life outside school. The study of the new curriculums in Swedish compared to Eva Hultins analysis of the older ones also leads to the conclusion that the new gymnasium to greater extent than before means two separated ways of handling literatur teaching Swedish as a second language and Swedish.

Practice of mathematical proof increase the understanding of mathematics anddevelop creativity skills, problem solving, communication, logical thinking andreasoning which are all important tools not only within the subject of mathematicsbut also important tools for the society in which we are living. The aim of this projectwas to investigate whether it is accurate that proof and proving has a subordinate rolein mathematic education in the upper secondary school in Sweden. This was done byconstructing of a digital survey that was sent to approximately 100 practicingmathematics teachers in a normal size city located in the middle of Sweden. Theresults of the survey show that the teachers consider themselves comfortable withtheir own skills in teaching proof. Paradoxically, the results also show that there is alack of teaching of proof and proving in the upper secondary school, although the newcurriculum puts more focus on proof and proving. / Matematiska bevis ger eleven en ökad förståelse för matematiken och utvecklarförmågor som kreativitet, problemlösning, kommunikation, logiskt tänkande ochresonemang, vilka alla är viktiga även utanför matematiken och för det samhälle vilever i. Syftet med detta arbete var att undersöka om det stämmer att bevis ochbevisföring har en underordnad roll i matematikundervisningen i den svenskagymnasieskolan vilket gjordes med hjälp av en enkät som skickades digitalt till cirka100 gymnasiematematiklärare i en medelstor stad i Mellansverige. Det visade sig attlärarna själva anser sig tillräckligt kunniga för att undervisa i bevis men det förefallerinte som att undervisningen är tillräcklig trots att dagens läroplaner sätter bevis istörre fokus än tidigare.

This essay analyses how Hinduism is portrayed within different textbooks produced for students attending senior high school in Sweden, spanning the years of 1998 until 2013. The analysis itself aims to identify any orientalist tendencies within the textbooks as well as how gender is portrayed. The textbooks are analysed from a set of criteria, namely, content, visual text, gender and text analysis. The analysis also examines what changes occur in regards to how textbooks portray Hinduism in the courses Religion A and Religion 1. Textbooks constitute a dominant part of the Swedish education system which makes the findings of this essay relevant and important for educators. The theory which acts as a foundation for this essay has been adapted from Edward Said’s Orientalism. Said argues that Orientalism is a political strategy which uses stereotypical descriptions of Hinduism to show the strength and superiority of the West. The textbooks studied here contain Orientalist tendencies to a varying degree and  Hinduism as a religion is portrayed in a simplistic manner throughout. Hinduism is also portrayed in sharp contrast to the structure of western society as a primitive religion in a way that is not fully consistent with how Hinduism is practiced in India and around the world today. There are tendencies toward latent orientalist perspectives. The gender perspective in regards to actual text is roughly unchanged throughout all the material used in the study. However, when viewing the images contained within the material, changes have been dramatic and the more recent textbooks now lean towards being dominated by illustrations of females as opposed to males.  The major change in discourse took place between the textbooks connected to Religion A and the books connected to Religion 1. There were significantly less orientalist tendencies present in the textbooks adapted to Religion 1 and a clear pattern could be discerned. Where orientalist tendencies had been diminished the authors had instead attached explanations to the text and expanded upon the subject-matter enabling the reader to gain a greater understanding of what everyday life as a Hindu entails. Another change which could be found in the analysis is that recent textbooks had adapted its subject-matter to conform to how the realities of Hinduism in India and the rest of the world actually look like today. The outdated and stereotypical attributes previously attached to Hinduism based on a western viewpoint have thus faded or been replaced altogether.

This litterature study is an analysis of the concept of tolerance, as it is a central value in the curriculum for the Swedish upper secondary school (Gy11) and therefore an important part of interpreting the specific curriculum for religious studies. The scientific approach is drawn from curriculum theory and the method of analysis is hermeneutic. Four different understandings of the concept are presented from academic literary sources. To further problematize the understandings of the concept, critique against a ”pedagogy of tolerance” as expressed by normcritical pedagogical writers and scholars is presented and analyzed. Implications regarding didactical practice are discussed in the light of previous analysis. Two main criteria for tolerance were found in all four understandings. These criterias outline the necessary components of an act of tolerance. The critique mainly focuses on said act, as it is an act of power and differentiation. This implies the didactical importance of awareness regarding the complexity of an act of tolerance.

Este trabajo investiga en qué medida los ejercicios gramaticales en los materiales didácticos para la enseñanza de ELE reflejan una de las teorías desarrolladas dentro del campo investigativo de aprendizaje de L2. Específicamente se centra en la progresión, el enfoque y la relación entre los materiales y los documentos rectores Gy11 y MCER. El estudio se basa en la teoría de la procesabilidad de Pienneman (1998), las nociones gramática como producto y gramática como proceso desarrolladas por Batstone (1994). Se utilizan métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos para el análisis de tres libros de texto y sus actividades complementarias en línea. Concretamente el análisis se hace a través de plantillas de análisis y encuesta electrónica. Los resultados del estudio muestran que la secuencia gramatical de los materiales no es compatible con la escala propuesta por Pienemann. Además, se concluye que existe una prevalencia de la gramática orientada al producto en los materiales didácticos. Por último, se constata que los materiales analizados se ajustan parcialmente a los documentos rectores.

I grundskolan är svenska som andraspråk ett behovsprövat ämne där rektorn avgör vilka elever som ska läsa svenska som andraspråk. På gymnasiet skiftar ansvaret från rektorerna till eleverna då det är upp till eleverna själva att välja svenskämne, det vill säga att välja mellan att läsa svenska eller svenska som andraspråk. Vår uppsats har som syfte att lyfta fram vilken information som finns tillgänglig, för berörda elever på gymnasiet, inför detta val. Vi har även som syfte att undersöka hur eleverna upplever valet av svenskämne och hur deras upplevelse samspelar med de rättigheter som tillskrivs eleverna i Läroplanen för gymnasieskolan (Gy11) och i Gymnasieförordningen. Våra resultat visar att en stor andel av de elever som deltagit i vår undersökning har bristande kunskaper gällande valet mellan svenska och svenska som andraspråk på gymnasiet. Elever uttrycker även att de inte vet vad det är för skillnader mellan svenskämnena, att de inte fått någon information gällande valet av svenskämne och i vissa fall visar våra resultat att berörda elever är ovetande om att de har rätten att välja svenskämne på gymnasiet.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur gymnasielärare i svenska upplever gymnasieeleversförändrade läsvanor gällande läsning av skönlitteratur i skolan och på fritiden. Studien utgårpåverkansfaktorerna den tekniska utvecklingen, läroplan- och betygsreform samt lärarenslärarutbildning. Studien består av intervjuer av nio gymnasielärare i svenska och resultatetvisar att användandet av tekniska hjälpmedel, främst dator som ett läsverktyg, skiljer sigmellan olika program. Reformen i och med Läroplan, examensmål ochgymnasiegemensamma ämnen för gymnasieskola 2011 (GY11) har påverkatlitteraturundervisningen genom ett minskat utrymme med allt mindre tid för läsning avskönlitteratur under lektionstid. Lärarnas fortbildning upplevs som bristfällig då ett brettsvenskämne skapar en nästintill oändlig bredd på den potentiella kompetensutvecklingen.Lärarna upplever en hög stress och en stor arbetsbelastning som resulterar i att få väljerformell fortbildning speciellt inom litteraturundervisning. Studiens visar attlitteraturundervisningens minskade utrymme skapar försämrade förutsättningar för främjandetav elevernas läslust.